CN101849455B - Method for improving coast salty soil by utilizing cotton straw - Google Patents

Method for improving coast salty soil by utilizing cotton straw Download PDF

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CN101849455B
CN101849455B CN2010101387028A CN201010138702A CN101849455B CN 101849455 B CN101849455 B CN 101849455B CN 2010101387028 A CN2010101387028 A CN 2010101387028A CN 201010138702 A CN201010138702 A CN 201010138702A CN 101849455 B CN101849455 B CN 101849455B
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soil
layer
saline
straw
centimetres
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CN101849455A (en
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崔心红
黄一青
鞠云福
张群
毕华松
朱义
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SHANGHAI INST OF GARDEN SCIENCE
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving coast salty soil by utilizing cotton straw, belonging to the soil improvement technical field. The invention is characterized in that: soil block to be improved is divided on coast salty soil; salty soil more than 20cm higher than ground water level is removed; cotton straws doped with straws are arranged in sequence, flatted and tied up into straw layers with the thickness of 10cm; the straw layers are spread and covered on the salty soil in the same direction and in parallel, broken stones with the grain diameter of 1-2cm are uniformly and additionally covered on the straw layer, the thickness thereof is 5cm, thus forming an isolating layer; so that two isolating layer are formed; and punning is carried out. Ambient salty soil is uniformly covered on the isolating layer; salt tolerant plants are planted in the saline soil; and straw with the thickness of 3cm is covered on the saline soil. By implementing the invention, soil salt content is obviously reduced; and soil organic matter is improved. Isolating effect is obvious, the cotton straw is isolated and also adds soil nutrient, thus being beneficial to plant growth. Operation is simple and convenient, cost is low, and the method can be popularized and applied in large scale; and the cotton straw is recycled.

Description

Utilize the method for cotton stalk improvement beach salty soil
Technical field
Belong to the soil melioration technical field, exactly relate to the method for salt-affected soil improvement.
Background technology
Coastal tidal belongs to seashore boundary band, it is the interactional area in ocean and land, belong to ecotope intermediate zone category in the ecology, be in the ecosystem, be in formed between two or more substance systems, energy system, structural system, the ergasia " interface ", and the spatial domain that centers on this interface outward extending " intermediate zone "." ecotope intermediate zone " and " ecological environment frailty band " are closely connected, and its ecosystem has lability, susceptibility is strong and characteristics such as easy degenerative.Owing to be subjected to tide and the phreatic double influence of sea-water type, coastal tidal soil to have the characteristic that salinity is heavy, nutrient content is low.
Underground quarantine measures (on the subterranean water level) are the effective means of improvement of salt and alkaline land, can destroy the continuity of soil capillarity, prevent that salinity obviously reduces the influence of bottom saline soil his-and-hers watches soil with the up face of land that runs up to of capillary water in subsoil or the underground water.The material of soil separation layer is also along with going deep into of studying, and is more and more, as grit, maize straw, litter layer, even has research to adopt the method for original position soil body sintering to make separation layer.Underground isolation because draw materials easily, cost is low and the advantage such as simple of constructing obtains widely applying in improvement of salt and alkaline land.
Hangzhou Wan coastal tidal ecological green land is positioned at the northern coastal Hangzhou Wan newly developed area of Cixi City, is the supporting project that Construction of Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge is built, and is intended to create a pleasant ecological environment, and is Hangzhou Gulf Great Bridge construction and Hangzhou Wan newly developed area construction service.The northern coastal beach forest rareness of Cixi City is the long-pending beach in sea, and alluvial plain, front often suffer natural calamities such as typhoon and heavy rain flood, ecology fragility.Make up ecological green land on the coastal tidal of ecology fragility, a critical limitation factor is the soil salt content height.After engineering and water conservancy measure improvement, just can carry out the large-scale ecological afforestation of coastal tidal.Therefore, in the beach saline land greening technique,, all need drop into expensive expense especially to improvement of salt and alkaline land.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of less investment, produce effects, the economical and practical method of utilizing cotton stalk improvement beach salty soil.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes:
Mark the improvement plot on the ground at coastal saline-alkali; Descend height of water level definitely; Remove and be higher than the saline soil of subterranean water level more than 20 centimetres; With the blending straw cotton stalk according to the order of sequence arranged flat be bundled into thick 10 centimetres stalk layer; The equidirectional parallel bedding of stalk layer is the ground floor stalk layer on saline soil, evenly add a cover grain thereon through being 1-2 centimetre rubble, and thickness is 5 centimetres, is first separation layer; Place orientation and the vertical stalk layer of ground floor stalk layer orientation on first separation layer, be second layer stalk layer, evenly add a cover grain thereon through being 1-2 centimetre rubble, thickness is 5 centimetres, is second separation layer; The compacting separation layer makes two separation layer gross thickness be about 20 centimetres; Evenly be covered in saline-alkali soil on every side on the separation layer; Kind be implanted with salt tolerant effect plant or indigenous plant in saline-alkali soil; With thickness is that 3 centimetres straw covers saline-alkali soil; Excavate wide 10-15 centimetre, dark 20-25 centimetre salt discharge ditch around in the plot.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
After implementing the present invention, soil salt content has obvious decline; The soil organic matter increases.Isolation effect is obvious, all shows the effect that soil ecology improves that helps in indexs such as soil pH, EC, total salt quantity, organic matter.The pH value significantly reduces; The EC value significantly reduces; Show cotton stalk as isolated material, the significance that increases for soil nutrient, after stalk buries a period of time, give saline soil suitable replenished nutrient, help the growth of plant.Easy and simple to handle, low-cost, and can large scale application; Increase the content of organic matter of saline soil, improved physical behaviors such as saline soil unit weight, voidage, granular structure; Effectively reduced because the offal treatment improper secondary pollution that causes in farmland makes cotton stalk obtain cycling and reutilization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, for structural representation of the present invention,
Embodiment
Now the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
Implement the improvement of saline soil according to the following steps:
1) marks the improvement plot on the ground at coastal saline-alkali;
2) descend height of water level definitely;
3) remove and be higher than the saline soil of subterranean water level more than 20 centimetres;
4) cotton stalk is admixed straw according to the order of sequence arranged flat be bundled into thick 10 centimetres stalk layer 1;
5) stalk layer 1 equidirectional parallel bedding is the ground floor stalk layer on saline soil, evenly adds a cover grain thereon through being 1-2 centimetre rubble, and thickness is 5 centimetres, is first separation layer;
6) place orientation and the vertical stalk layer 2 of ground floor stalk layer orientation on first separation layer, be second layer stalk layer, evenly add a cover grain thereon through being 1-2 centimetre rubble 1, thickness is 5 centimetres, is second separation layer;
7) the compacting separation layer makes two separation layer gross thickness be about 20 centimetres;
8) evenly be covered in saline-alkali soil on every side on the separation layer;
9) plant and to be implanted with salt tolerant effect plant 3 or indigenous plant in saline-alkali soil 4;
10) be that 3 centimetres straw 5 covers saline-alkali soil with thickness;
11) excavate wide 10-15 centimetre, dark 20-25 centimetre salt discharge ditch around in the plot.
Described salt tolerant effect plant is: Chinese tamarisk (Tmarix chinemis), Luan Shu (Koelreuteriapaniculata), four seasons poplars (Populu canadensis), golden silk willow (Salix alba), cercis (Cercischinensis), the rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus), Vitex rotundifolia (Vitex trifotia), glossy privet (Ligustrumlucidum), horsetail beefwood (Casuarina equisetifolia), another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper (Sabina komarovii), sweet-scented oleander (Neriumindicum), Ligustrum quihoui (Ligustrum quihoui), cypress (Sabina chinensis), weeping willow (Salixbabylonica), coral (Viburnum odoratissinum), pittosporum tobira (Pittosporum tobira), pomegranate (Punicagranatum), Chinese toon (Toona sinensis), Herba Euonymi Bungeani (Euonymus bungeanus) and black walnut (Juglansnigra).
Embodiment 1
1, at the beginning of 2003 4 months, mark long 20 meters on the ground at coastal saline-alkali, weeds are removed in wide 15 meters homogeneous plot;
2, adopt hand excavation's mode, excavate saline-alkali soil vertically downward, descend height of water level definitely;
3, will be higher than the saline soil of subterranean water level more than 20 centimetres removes with manual type; If the subterranean water level height is-90 centimetres, then take the salt marsh soil layer of 70 cm thicks;
4, directly utilize cradle with cotton stalk, arrange according to certain density east-west direction, thickness is 10 centimetres, every square metre gross weight is about 30 kilograms, adds a cover grain then through being 1-2 centimetre rubble, thickness is 5 centimetres.Adding a cover thickness according to certain density North and South direction again is 10 centimetres stalk, adds a cover grain thereafter again through being 5 centimetres of 1-2 centimetre rubbles.Tamp separation layer with weight, increase separation layer density, make the abundant landfill of rubble to the space of cotton stalk, gross thickness is about 20 centimetres;
5, saline-alkali soil on every side directly is covered on the separation layer recovery level;
6, excavate 15 centimetres at the wide exit or entrance of a clitch, 10 centimetres of bottoms of trench, dark 20-25 centimetre V-shape salt discharge ditch around in the plot, leveling makes real domatic;
7, in late April, 2003, plantation has certain salt tolerant effect after selecting or indigenous plant is main nursery stock: Chinese tamarisk (Tmarix chinemis), Luan Shu (Koelreuteria paniculata), four seasons poplars (Populucanadensis), golden silk willow (Salix alba), cercis (Cercis chinensis), the rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus), Vitex rotundifolia (Vitex trifotia), glossy privet (Ligustrum lucidum), this Chinese ephedra (Casuarina equisetifolia), another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper (Sabina komarovii), sweet-scented oleander (Nerium indicum), Ligustrum quihoui (Ligustrum quihoui), cypress (Sabina chinensis), weeping willow (Salix babylonica), coral (Viburnum odoratissinum), pittosporum tobira (Pittosporum tobira), pomegranate (Punica granatum), Chinese toon (Toona sinensis), Herba Euonymi Bungeani (Euonymus bungeanus) and black walnut (Juglans nigra).Adopt the native ball seedling of big or small basically identical, carry out according to the technical key point of " three bury two step on carry seedling ";
8, to finish the back be that 3 centimetres straw covers saline-alkali soil with thickness in plantation, reaches minimizing top layer water evaporates, reduces the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, reduces weeds, is beneficial to the purpose of maintenance.
Table 1 Cixi coastal tidal test block soil background values
Figure GSA00000084790900041
As shown in Table 2, adopt the stalk quarantine measures to improve the survival rate of nursery stock.
The plant survival rate in table 2 check plot and cotton stalk isolation processing district relatively
Figure GSA00000084790900042
Significance level Significance level: *P<0.05; *Under p<0.01. with The same below.
As shown in Table 3, adopt the stalk quarantine measures to increase the seedling height growth rate.
The comparison of table 3 check plot and cotton stalk isolation processing district plant height growth rate
Figure GSA00000084790900051
As shown in Table 4, adopt the stalk quarantine measures to increase radially growth rate of nursery stock.
Table 4 check plot and the radially comparison of growth rate of cotton stalk isolation processing district plant
Figure GSA00000084790900052

Claims (2)

1. utilize the method for cotton stalk improvement beach salty soil, it is characterized in that:
Implement the improvement of saline soil according to the following steps:
1) marks the improvement plot on the ground at coastal saline-alkali;
2) descend height of water level definitely;
3) remove the saline soil that is higher than 20 centimetres of subterranean water level;
4) cotton stalk that will admix straw according to the order of sequence arranged flat be bundled into thick 10 centimetres stalk layer;
5) the equidirectional parallel bedding of stalk layer is the ground floor stalk layer on saline soil, evenly adds a cover particle diameter thereon and be 1-2 centimetre rubble, and thickness is 5 centimetres, is first separation layer;
6) place orientation on first separation layer and be orientated vertical stalk layer (2) with the ground floor stalk layer, be second layer stalk layer, evenly add a cover particle diameter thereon and be 1-2 centimetre rubble (1), thickness is 5 centimetres, is second separation layer;
7) the compacting separation layer makes two separation layer gross thickness be about 20 centimetres;
8) evenly be covered in saline-alkali soil on every side on the separation layer;
9) plant and to be implanted with salt tolerant effect plant (3) or indigenous plant in saline-alkali soil (4);
10) be that 3 centimetres straw (5) covers saline-alkali soil (4) with thickness;
11) excavate wide 10-15 centimetre, dark 20-25 centimetre salt discharge ditch around in the plot.
2. the method for utilizing cotton stalk improvement beach salty soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described salt tolerant effect plant is: Chinese tamarisk, Luan Shu, four seasons poplar, golden silk willow, cercis, the rose of Sharon, Vitex rotundifolia, glossy privet, horsetail beefwood, another name for Sichuan Province Chinese juniper, sweet-scented oleander, Ligustrum quihoui, cypress, weeping willow, coral, pittosporum tobira, pomegranate, Chinese toon, Herba Euonymi Bungeani and black walnut.
CN2010101387028A 2010-04-06 2010-04-06 Method for improving coast salty soil by utilizing cotton straw Expired - Fee Related CN101849455B (en)

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CN102668759A (en) * 2012-05-11 2012-09-19 江苏江南园林建筑工程有限公司 Method for improving alkalescent soil
CN103392456B (en) * 2013-03-20 2016-03-02 北京林业大学 A kind of method of afforesting on saline land
CN103202122A (en) * 2013-04-02 2013-07-17 新疆金丰源种业股份有限公司 Application of saline-alkali primitive soil in delaying soil fertility decrease
CN104969830B (en) * 2015-07-10 2018-07-17 江苏省林业科学研究院 The saline and alkaline simple underdrain salt discharge afforestation technique in exceptionally poverty-stricken ground
CN105028107A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-11 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 Method for cultivating pomegranate seedlings in saline-alkali soil
CN105103902A (en) * 2015-08-28 2015-12-02 贵州开磷集团股份有限公司 Method for cultivating platycodon grandiflorum in saline-alkali land by means of greenhouse
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CN105210491B (en) * 2015-09-10 2017-12-22 天津绿茵景观生态建设股份有限公司 A kind of modification method of beach salty soil
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CN109757144A (en) * 2018-05-28 2019-05-17 光大环境修复(江苏)有限公司 A kind of modification method of beach saline land
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CN112292952B (en) * 2020-09-28 2022-03-11 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 Method for rapidly improving nutrient storage capacity and soil fertility of saline-alkali farmland soil in irrigation area
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