CN101849088A - 用于使燃料在压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的发动机系统和方法 - Google Patents

用于使燃料在压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的发动机系统和方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101849088A
CN101849088A CN200880105029A CN200880105029A CN101849088A CN 101849088 A CN101849088 A CN 101849088A CN 200880105029 A CN200880105029 A CN 200880105029A CN 200880105029 A CN200880105029 A CN 200880105029A CN 101849088 A CN101849088 A CN 101849088A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel
cool flame
air
gas
flame gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN200880105029A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101849088B (zh
Inventor
K·卢卡
D·奥夫雷博
H·P·沃姆施洛斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Conversion Technology AS
Original Assignee
Energy Conversion Technology AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Conversion Technology AS filed Critical Energy Conversion Technology AS
Publication of CN101849088A publication Critical patent/CN101849088A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101849088B publication Critical patent/CN101849088B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/306—Preheating additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/04—Combinations of different methods of purification afterburning and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F01N2270/04—Mixing air with exhaust gases for afterburning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

一种发动机系统，包括：压燃式发动机(20)，其包括至少一个燃烧室；和冷焰汽化器(40)，在所述冷焰汽化器中，燃料在预热空气中被部分氧化以形成冷焰气体。所述冷焰汽化器(40)与所述压燃式发动机(20)的燃烧室流体连通。还设置了：用于供应空气的装置(50)，其供应空气使得所述冷焰气体能够在被喷入所述燃烧室中之前与该另外的空气混合；和用于将引燃燃料喷入所述燃烧室中的装置(22)，由此在所述燃烧室中产生用于点燃冷焰气体与空气的混合物的引燃火焰。本发明还提供了用于使柴油燃料在压燃式发动机(20)中进行基本无NOx燃烧的方法。

Description

用于使燃料在压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的发动机系统和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在废气中含较少NOx排放物的发动机系统和一种用于减少废气中NOx含量的方法。本发明还涉及用于基本无NOx燃烧的的发动机系统和方法的使用。
背景技术
冷焰是迄今尚未被非常关注的一种现象。在冷焰中，燃料在预热空气中被部分氧化且温度保持恒定在约450℃，其与空气/燃料比和停留时间无关。在冷焰过程中，仅有2-20％的燃料发热值被释放，且这些热量用于使燃料汽化，从而提供均匀的气态燃料。在研发工作中，已经观察到气体能够将碳沉积物从反应器壁去除。这个的原因尚未确定，不过，人们认为这是由于冷焰气体(即，被部分氧化的气态燃料)中存在的自由基所致。
对冷焰气体现象的更完全描述可以在美国专利US 6,793,693中查到。
从靠过量空气运行的压燃式发动机(通常被不严格地称为柴油发动机)中排出的废气主要包含颗粒物、NOx和不完全燃烧产物(HC和CO)。
如果废气略微呈还原性(如在奥托发动机中那样)，则仅可通过催化方式去除NOx。在压燃式发动机中，情况通常并非如此。
减少柴油发动机中NOx排放物的已知方式是，使一些废气再循环回到发动机中(EGR)。虽然这对于靠清洁柴油燃料运行的较小柴油发动机有效果，但对于靠重燃油运行的较大发动机却是不实用的，这是因为其将在废气中产生颗粒物，这些颗粒物将与润滑油混合并导致发动机过早磨损。在EGR回路中插入过滤器的尝试并未成功，这是因为废气还包含盐和其它金属化合物，这些盐和其它金属化合物将在过滤器再生过程中熔化(当温度升高到800℃以上时)并导致过滤器的永久损坏。
虽然上述方法减少了NOx的形成，不过也可通过插入NOx吸收剂来去除NOx，如在多篇专利文献中所述，例如在US 5,974,791中所述。NOx吸收剂可由碳酸钡制成。在吸收过程中，吸收剂被转化为硝酸钡并同时释放CO2。当吸收剂饱和时，可利用CO再生该吸收剂，其中硝酸钡被转化回碳酸钡并释放N2气体。
还已知的是，可利用双燃料构想来减少NOx，其中，天然气被喷射到入口空气流中，该气体/空气混合物又被喷以柴油引燃火焰。这种工作的示例由Wartsila在大型船舶发动机上实现，以及由Caterpillar/Clean AirPartners在卡车柴油发动机上实现。Wartsila证实，NOx从12.5g/kWh减小至1.3kWh(见图1)。NOx水平随空气/燃料比增大而减小，上限约为2，受断火的限制。类似结果已经由其他人实现。虽然这很适合于易于获得天然气的固定应用，但由于与天然气储存(通常作为LNG)相关的成本而对于船舶不实用。通过使用冷焰技术，能够对可易于在船舶上储存的单一燃料实现相同的NOx减少。
在文献“Homogeneous diesel combustion with external mixtureformation by a cool flame vaporizer”(由Heike Puschmann等人著，copyright SAE 2006)中介绍了一种研究，其中柴油燃料在冷焰汽化器中被汽化以形成在柴油发动机中燃烧的冷焰气体。该研究的结论是，当与基于直接燃料喷射的两种低温柴油燃烧策略(即：预混合充量压燃(PCCI)和后期低温燃烧(LLTC))相比时，以冷焰气体与空气的混合物运转柴油发动机会使得烟和NOx的形成显著减少。
在此文献中，其目的是，形成将在压缩时自燃的空气/燃料混合物。虽然可找到可能实现这个的运行点(速度和负载)，但难以在变化的速度和负载下控制和运行这样的发动机。在本发明中，选择空气/燃料比从而使得该混合物由于过稀而不会在压缩时自燃，其原理和天然气双燃料发动机(见图1)中的相同。像针对双燃料发动机那样，通过将少量液态燃料喷射到发动机中，被喷入的燃料充当引燃火焰起并将点燃预混合的压缩冷焰气体混合物。在这样的条件下运行发动机将使得NOx排放物减少，这类似于天然气双燃料发动机所能实现的结果。
不过，为了确保自燃，在Heike Puschmann等人的文献中介绍的发动机必须靠富燃料/空气混合物运转，这会导致增加废气中的NOx形成。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于，提供一种减少上述缺点的柴油发动机。
这一目的通过如在独立权利要求中限定的本发明得以实现。本发明的进一步的实施例在从属权利要求中限定。
提供了一种发动机系统，包括：
-压燃式发动机，其包括至少一个燃烧室；
-冷焰汽化器，在所述冷焰汽化器中，燃料在预热空气中被部分氧化以形成冷焰气体，所述冷焰汽化器与所述压燃式发动机的燃烧室流体连通；和
-用于供应空气的装置，其供应空气使得所述冷焰气体能够在被喷入所述燃烧室中之前与该另外的空气混合，
所述发动机系统还包括：用于将引燃燃料喷入所述燃烧室中的装置，由此在所述燃烧室中产生用于点燃冷焰气体与空气的混合物的引燃火焰。
所述发动机系统还可包括重整器，在所述重整器中，所述冷焰气体被至少部分地重整以形成氢气。这将使所述燃料更易燃。所述重整器可为用于重整烃类物质的标准重整器。
还提供了一种使燃料在包括至少一个燃烧室的压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
- 由所述燃料和预热空气产生冷焰气体；
- 将所述冷焰气体与另外的空气混合；
- 将所述冷焰气体与空气的混合物喷入所述至少一个燃烧室中，
为点燃所述冷焰气体与空气的混合物，所述方法还包括以下步骤：通过喷入引燃燃料而在所述燃烧室中提供引燃火焰。
所述方法还包括以下步骤：在将所述冷焰气体喷入所述压燃式发动机之前，至少部分地重整所述冷焰气体以形成氢气，由此使所述燃料与空气的混合物更易燃。
所述方法还包括以下步骤：使用相同的燃料来产生所述冷焰气体和所述引燃火焰。这意味着，例如，携带有柴油燃料的船舶，可使其柴油发动机靠冷焰气体运转。
还提供了所述发动机系统的使用，其中所述燃料是柴油或重燃油。
还提供了所述基本无NOx燃烧的方法的使用，其中所述燃料是柴油或重燃油。
以上仅论及通过冷焰汽化器产生的冷焰气体。冷焰是实现一种部分氧化燃料气体的一种方法，除此以外还存在多种具有相同性质的其它部分氧化燃料气体。由此可见，本发明不应被看作是仅限于冷焰气体，而应包括具有与冷焰气体相同或相似性质的其它部分氧化燃料气体。
附图说明
在下文中，参照附图详细公开了本发明的实施例，附图中：
图1是示出了压燃式发动机的运行窗口的图。
图2示意性例示出本发明的实施例。
具体实施方式
在图1中，示出了由
Figure GPA00001038629100041
在大型双燃料船舶发动机上完成的工作。此图中示出了运行窗口，其中可见，通过提供燃料与空气的稀混合物，可增大压缩比，而不会发生自爆震或断火。
本发明的实施例在图2中示意性示出。提供了冷焰汽化器40，在该冷焰汽化器中燃料在预热空气中被部分氧化以形成冷焰气体。所获得的冷焰气体是气态的、均匀混合的燃料。
还提供了空气源50，其通过流体管线42连接到冷焰汽化器。提供了阀装置41以控制空气从空气源50到冷焰汽化器40的流量。
还提供了用于供应柴油或重燃油的燃料源30。燃料源30通过流体管线53连接到冷焰汽化器。阀装置56控制燃料到冷焰汽化器40的流量。
流体管线45将冷焰汽化器40连接到压燃式发动机20。空气源50或可能的不同空气源(未示出)也连接到压燃式发动机20。冷焰气体在被供给到发动机20中之前与来自空气源的更多空气混合。阀装置44控制到压燃式发动机20的空气流量，而阀装置48则控制冷焰气体从冷焰汽化器40到压燃式发动机20的流量。
还提供了流体管线52，使得来自燃料源的燃料也可作为引燃火焰22被直接供给到压燃式发动机中。阀装置55控制燃料从燃料源30到发动机20的流量。
换句话说，在本发明中，燃料用于提供冷焰气体并且用于提供引燃火焰，以确保冷焰气体与空气的混合物的正确燃烧。

Claims (7)

1.一种发动机系统，包括：
压燃式发动机，其包括至少一个燃烧室；
冷焰汽化器，在所述冷焰汽化器中，燃料在预热空气中被部分氧化以形成冷焰气体，所述冷焰汽化器与所述压燃式发动机的燃烧室流体连通；
用于供应空气的装置，其供应空气使得所述冷焰气体能够在被喷入所述燃烧室中之前与该另外的空气混合，
其特征在于，所述发动机系统还包括：用于将引燃燃料喷入所述燃烧室中的装置，由此在所述燃烧室中产生用于点燃所述冷焰气体与空气的混合物的引燃火焰。
2.如权利要求1所述的发动机系统设备，
其特征在于，所述发动机系统包括重整器，在所述重整器中所述冷焰气体被至少部分重整以形成氢气，由此使所述燃料更易燃。
3.一种用于使燃料在包括至少一个燃烧室的压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
由所述燃料和预热空气产生冷焰气体；
将所述冷焰气体与另外的空气混合；
将所述冷焰气体与空气的混合物喷入所述至少一个燃烧室中，
其特征在于，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
通过喷入引燃燃料而在所述燃烧室中提供引燃火焰，用于点燃所述冷焰气体与空气的混合物。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，
其特征在于，至少部分重整所述冷焰气体以形成氢气，由此使所述燃料与空气的混合物更易燃。
5.如权利要求4或5所述的方法，
其特征在于，使用相同的燃料来产生所述冷焰气体和所述引燃火焰。
6.如权利要求1至2之一所述的发动机系统的使用，其中，所述燃料是柴油或重燃油。
7.如权利要求3至5之一所述的方法的使用，其中，所述燃料是柴油或重燃油。
CN2008801050299A 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 用于使燃料在压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的发动机系统和方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101849088B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US96889907P 2007-08-30 2007-08-30
US60/968899 2007-08-30
PCT/NO2008/000311 WO2009028959A1 (en) 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 Engine system and method for substantially nox-free combustion of a fuel in a compression ignition engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101849088A true CN101849088A (zh) 2010-09-29
CN101849088B CN101849088B (zh) 2013-12-11

Family

ID=40093795

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2008801050299A Expired - Fee Related CN101849088B (zh) 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 用于使燃料在压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的发动机系统和方法
CN2008801049022A Active CN101802353B (zh) 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 用于再生NOx捕集器和颗粒过滤器的废气设备和方法
CN200880105172.8A Active CN101802354B (zh) 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 用于净化颗粒过滤器的颗粒过滤器组件和方法

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2008801049022A Active CN101802353B (zh) 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 用于再生NOx捕集器和颗粒过滤器的废气设备和方法
CN200880105172.8A Active CN101802354B (zh) 2007-08-30 2008-09-01 用于净化颗粒过滤器的颗粒过滤器组件和方法

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (4) US20100236223A1 (zh)
EP (3) EP2198133B1 (zh)
JP (3) JP5192045B2 (zh)
CN (3) CN101849088B (zh)
AT (3) ATE502189T1 (zh)
CA (3) CA2696098A1 (zh)
CY (3) CY1113227T1 (zh)
DE (2) DE602008005624D1 (zh)
DK (3) DK2198133T3 (zh)
ES (3) ES2362325T3 (zh)
PL (3) PL2201231T3 (zh)
PT (3) PT2198132E (zh)
SI (2) SI2198132T1 (zh)
WO (3) WO2009028958A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103216316A (zh) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-24 清华大学 缸内燃料改质的内燃机低温燃烧方法及系统
CN103758630A (zh) * 2014-01-03 2014-04-30 清华大学 天然气发动机燃烧系统及燃烧方法、天然气发动机

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8061120B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2011-11-22 Herng Shinn Hwang Catalytic EGR oxidizer for IC engines and gas turbines
EP2198133B1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2011-03-16 Energy Conversion Technology As Particle filter assembly and method for cleaning a particle filter
GB2468159B (en) * 2009-02-27 2011-11-09 Energy Conversion Technology As Exhaust gas cleaning apparatus and method for cleaning an exhaust gas
WO2011017272A1 (en) * 2009-08-01 2011-02-10 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Exhaust gas recirculation system and apparatus for a locomotive two-stroke uniflow scavenged diesel engine
US20110036336A1 (en) * 2009-08-01 2011-02-17 Moravec Keith E Control system for an exhaust gas recirculation system for a locomotive two-stroke uniflow scavenged diesel engine
US20130199494A1 (en) * 2012-02-06 2013-08-08 Vianney Rabhi High-pressure spark-ignition and stratification device for an internal combustion engine
US8671917B2 (en) * 2012-03-09 2014-03-18 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with reciprocating engine
US10865709B2 (en) 2012-05-23 2020-12-15 Herng Shinn Hwang Flex-fuel hydrogen reformer for IC engines and gas turbines
GB2510171B (en) * 2013-01-28 2015-01-28 Cool Flame Technologies As Method and cleaning apparatus for removal of SOx and NOx from exhaust gas
JP6156108B2 (ja) * 2013-12-05 2017-07-05 株式会社デンソー 高活性物質添加装置
JP6015684B2 (ja) * 2014-01-30 2016-10-26 株式会社デンソー 還元剤添加装置
EP4234901A3 (en) 2016-02-24 2024-02-28 Jtsmcdp, Llc Systems, devices, and methods for regenerating a particulate filter
US10626790B2 (en) 2016-11-16 2020-04-21 Herng Shinn Hwang Catalytic biogas combined heat and power generator
WO2019022708A1 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-31 Volvo Truck Corporation EXHAUST GAS POST-TREATMENT SYSTEM WITH ADJUSTABLE FLOW PATH, AND METHOD OF OPERATING SUCH AN EXHAUST GAS POST-PROCESSING SYSTEM
DE102018222571A1 (de) 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102019203061A1 (de) 2019-03-06 2020-09-10 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Verfahren zum Regenerieren eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators einer Abgasnachbehandlungsvorrichtung
DE102021104273A1 (de) 2021-02-23 2022-08-25 Friedrich Boysen GmbH & Co KG. Brennersystem

Family Cites Families (73)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5236212B2 (zh) * 1973-02-15 1977-09-14
US4067685A (en) * 1973-04-13 1978-01-10 Ellis A. Creek Fuel introduction system
US3946711A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-03-30 Wigal Voorhis F Hydrogen fired ignition system for internal combustion engines
JPS50144816A (zh) * 1974-05-13 1975-11-20
US4147136A (en) * 1974-12-06 1979-04-03 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel reforming system for an internal combustion engine
US4276131A (en) * 1975-02-27 1981-06-30 Feuerman Arnold I Vaporized fuel for internal combustion engine
JPS51123422A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-10-28 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel modulating system
US4267976A (en) * 1978-03-10 1981-05-19 Chatwin Francis R Apparatus for vaporizing and atomizing liquids
US4335698A (en) * 1979-11-13 1982-06-22 Max-Mi Corporation Vaporization chamber
US4594969A (en) * 1981-09-29 1986-06-17 Aleksander Przybylski Method and apparatus for producing a fuel mixture
CA1226183A (en) * 1982-10-30 1987-09-01 Timothy J. Bedford Fuel oil injection engine
JPS59101522A (ja) * 1982-12-02 1984-06-12 Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd デイ−ゼル機関の排気ガス処理装置
US4742801A (en) * 1987-08-13 1988-05-10 Erik Kelgard Dual fuel mobil engine system
DE69212754T2 (de) * 1991-09-27 1997-02-27 Nippon Denso Co Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage mit geteilter Kraftstoffeinspritzung für Dieselmotoren
US5408973A (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-04-25 Spangjer; Keith G. Internal combustion engine fuel supply system and method
JPH07189848A (ja) 1993-12-28 1995-07-28 Goto Ikueikai 内燃機関の燃焼方法
JP3330612B2 (ja) * 1994-08-10 2002-09-30 シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト 内燃機関の排気ガスに含まれる窒素酸化物の触媒転換方法
JPH0882257A (ja) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-26 Ngk Insulators Ltd 内燃機関の排気ガス再循環装置
US5997956A (en) * 1995-08-04 1999-12-07 Microcoating Technologies Chemical vapor deposition and powder formation using thermal spray with near supercritical and supercritical fluid solutions
DE19536571C2 (de) * 1995-09-29 1998-09-03 Siemens Ag Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Dosierung der Eingabe eines Reduktionsmittels in den Abgas- oder Abluftstrom einer Verbrennungsanlage
WO1998004817A1 (en) * 1996-07-26 1998-02-05 Ford Motor Company Limited Internal combustion engine
JP3645704B2 (ja) * 1997-03-04 2005-05-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JPH10299456A (ja) * 1997-04-22 1998-11-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 黒煙除去方法及びその装置
JPH10306718A (ja) * 1997-05-06 1998-11-17 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd フィルタ再生装置を具えた内燃機関
US5992397A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-11-30 Hideaki; Watase Combustion enhancing apparatus and method
DE19981437D2 (de) * 1998-07-29 2002-08-14 Heinrich Koehne Verfahren zur Verwertung eines Brennstoffes unter Nutzung exothermer Vorreaktionen in Form einer kalten Flamme
JP2000257419A (ja) * 1999-03-03 2000-09-19 Toyota Motor Corp 排気浄化方法及び装置
DE19928102B4 (de) * 1999-06-19 2005-06-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Fahrzeug mit einem Antriebs-Verbrennungsmotor und mit einem Brennstoffzellensystem zur Stromversorgung elektrischer Verbraucher des Fahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines derartigen Fahrzeugs
JP3858958B2 (ja) 1999-10-22 2006-12-20 日産自動車株式会社 ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置
US6237576B1 (en) * 2000-01-25 2001-05-29 Giuseppe Buccino On demand/multi-fuel/vapor delivery system
US6598584B2 (en) * 2001-02-23 2003-07-29 Clean Air Partners, Inc. Gas-fueled, compression ignition engine with maximized pilot ignition intensity
US6378489B1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2002-04-30 Rudolf H. Stanglmaier Method for controlling compression ignition combustion
US6470849B1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2002-10-29 Caterpillar Inc. Separate injector main timing maps for use with and without pilot
US6817347B2 (en) * 2001-09-18 2004-11-16 Paul Noble Fuel converter
SE520972C2 (sv) * 2001-12-06 2003-09-16 Stt Emtec Ab Anordning för att vid en förbränningsmotor rena dess avgaser
US20030226350A1 (en) * 2002-06-11 2003-12-11 Ke Liu Reducing oxides of nitrogen using reformate generated from engine fuel, water and/or air
US6872481B2 (en) * 2002-06-28 2005-03-29 General Motors Corporation Process for utilization of a cold-flame vaporizer in auto-thermal reforming of liquid fuel
AU2003250994A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-02-09 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for combustion of a liquid hydrocarbon
DE10240234A1 (de) 2002-08-28 2004-03-11 Heyder, Michael Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit interner Verbrennung
US6832473B2 (en) * 2002-11-21 2004-12-21 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and system for regenerating NOx adsorbers and/or particulate filters
JP2004190586A (ja) 2002-12-12 2004-07-08 Hitachi Ltd 圧縮着火型内燃機関
FR2850372B1 (fr) * 2003-01-23 2006-06-09 Inst Francais Du Petrole Nouveau reacteur d'oxydation partielle
EP1594594B1 (en) * 2003-02-12 2012-05-23 Delphi Technologies, Inc. SYSTEM FOR NOx ABATEMENT
EP1479883A1 (de) * 2003-05-10 2004-11-24 Universität Stuttgart Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen
US7017547B2 (en) * 2003-06-09 2006-03-28 Southwest Res Inst Method and apparatus for controlling liquid-phase fuel penetration distance in a direct-fuel injected engine
US6866016B2 (en) * 2003-07-14 2005-03-15 General Electric Company System and method for controlling ignition in internal combustion engines
DE10333150A1 (de) * 2003-07-22 2005-02-17 Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine Wärmeaustauscher für Kraftfahrzeuge
US7601316B2 (en) * 2003-09-08 2009-10-13 Shell Oil Company Method of reducing NOx and particulates from internal combustion engines
DE10354368A1 (de) * 2003-11-20 2005-06-30 Enginion Ag Kraftfahrzeug mit Verbrennungsmotor und Hilfsaggregat
US20080028754A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2008-02-07 Prasad Tumati Methods and apparatus for operating an emission abatement assembly
JP4027902B2 (ja) * 2004-03-24 2007-12-26 株式会社豊田中央研究所 内燃機関の混合気着火時期推定装置、及び内燃機関の制御装置
WO2005099364A2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-27 Mack Trucks, Inc. Emission control for an internal combustion engine
US20050274107A1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-15 Ke Liu Reforming unvaporized, atomized hydrocarbon fuel
US6955042B1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2005-10-18 Hydrogensource Llc CPO regenerated lean NOx trap with no moving parts
US6947830B1 (en) * 2004-08-31 2005-09-20 Walt Froloff Adaptive variable fuel internal combustion engine
JP4455962B2 (ja) * 2004-09-13 2010-04-21 川崎重工業株式会社 自動二輪車の排気装置
JP4333536B2 (ja) * 2004-09-14 2009-09-16 株式会社デンソー ディーゼルエンジン制御システム
JP2008513326A (ja) * 2004-09-20 2008-05-01 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 液体炭化水素質燃料の触媒部分酸化方法
US8136345B2 (en) * 2004-09-21 2012-03-20 Shell Oil Company Internal combustion engine exhaust treatment having a single valve directing exhaust to dual NOx traps
EP1643094B1 (de) * 2004-10-01 2009-06-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren
JP4515217B2 (ja) * 2004-10-14 2010-07-28 ヤンマー株式会社 排気ガス浄化装置の制御方法
US20060277897A1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2006-12-14 Ralph Slone NOx reduction system and method
US7216481B2 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-05-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for regeneration of engine exhaust aftertreatment devices
US8196388B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2012-06-12 Korea Institute Of Energy Research Heating device for exhaust gas in internal combustion engine
JP2007120319A (ja) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-17 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
FR2902828B1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2008-09-26 Renault Sas Ligne d'echappement d'un moteur diesel et procede de desulfatation.
US20080155972A1 (en) * 2006-12-28 2008-07-03 James Joshua Driscoll Exhaust treatment system
US8061120B2 (en) * 2007-07-30 2011-11-22 Herng Shinn Hwang Catalytic EGR oxidizer for IC engines and gas turbines
EP2198133B1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2011-03-16 Energy Conversion Technology As Particle filter assembly and method for cleaning a particle filter
US8333171B2 (en) * 2009-02-06 2012-12-18 Exen Holdings, Llc Homogenizing fuel enhancement system
GB2468159B (en) * 2009-02-27 2011-11-09 Energy Conversion Technology As Exhaust gas cleaning apparatus and method for cleaning an exhaust gas
US20100251700A1 (en) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-07 Basf Catalysts Llc HC-SCR System for Lean Burn Engines
JP5482716B2 (ja) * 2010-08-20 2014-05-07 マツダ株式会社 ディーゼルエンジンの制御装置及びディーゼルエンジンの制御方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103216316A (zh) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-24 清华大学 缸内燃料改质的内燃机低温燃烧方法及系统
CN103758630A (zh) * 2014-01-03 2014-04-30 清华大学 天然气发动机燃烧系统及燃烧方法、天然气发动机
CN103758630B (zh) * 2014-01-03 2016-02-24 清华大学 天然气发动机的燃烧系统及天然气发动机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2198133B1 (en) 2011-03-16
CY1113226T1 (el) 2016-04-13
CN101849088B (zh) 2013-12-11
CA2696098A1 (en) 2009-03-05
DK2201231T3 (da) 2012-06-25
ES2383876T3 (es) 2012-06-27
WO2009028959A1 (en) 2009-03-05
DK2198133T3 (da) 2011-07-11
PL2198132T3 (pl) 2011-08-31
CN101802353A (zh) 2010-08-11
EP2201231B1 (en) 2012-02-29
US20100242898A1 (en) 2010-09-30
WO2009028958A1 (en) 2009-03-05
JP2010538200A (ja) 2010-12-09
ES2362325T3 (es) 2011-07-01
PL2198133T3 (pl) 2011-08-31
DE602008005623D1 (de) 2011-04-28
US20150101315A1 (en) 2015-04-16
DK2198132T3 (da) 2011-07-11
EP2198133A1 (en) 2010-06-23
CA2696097A1 (en) 2009-03-05
JP5631211B2 (ja) 2014-11-26
SI2198132T1 (sl) 2011-06-30
WO2009028957A1 (en) 2009-03-05
CN101802354B (zh) 2014-06-11
DE602008005624D1 (de) 2011-04-28
JP5683267B2 (ja) 2015-03-11
CN101802353B (zh) 2013-04-17
EP2198132B1 (en) 2011-03-16
PT2201231E (pt) 2012-05-28
US8601984B2 (en) 2013-12-10
CY1113229T1 (el) 2016-04-13
PL2201231T3 (pl) 2012-08-31
PT2198133E (pt) 2011-05-30
ATE502190T1 (de) 2011-04-15
JP2010538201A (ja) 2010-12-09
EP2201231A1 (en) 2010-06-30
ATE547602T1 (de) 2012-03-15
ES2362323T3 (es) 2011-07-01
CY1113227T1 (el) 2016-04-13
US20100236223A1 (en) 2010-09-23
JP2010538199A (ja) 2010-12-09
JP5192045B2 (ja) 2013-05-08
CN101802354A (zh) 2010-08-11
US9784156B2 (en) 2017-10-10
ATE502189T1 (de) 2011-04-15
PT2198132E (pt) 2011-05-31
SI2198133T1 (sl) 2011-06-30
EP2198132A1 (en) 2010-06-23
CA2696094A1 (en) 2009-03-05
US20110023453A1 (en) 2011-02-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101849088B (zh) 用于使燃料在压燃式发动机中进行基本无NOx燃烧的发动机系统和方法
Alrazen et al. A review of the effect of hydrogen addition on the performance and emissions of the compression–Ignition engine
US6405720B1 (en) Natural gas powered engine
Karim et al. Comparative studies of methane and propane as fuels for spark ignition and compression ignition engines
US7392652B2 (en) System and method for diesel particulate trap regeneration in a motor vehicle with an auxiliary power unit
GB2413824A (en) Operating diesel-cycle i.c. engines on gaseous fuels with ignition-improvers
KR20120017018A (ko) 디젤 후처리 시스템
JPS5844856B2 (ja) エンヂンヨウカネツスイジヨウキオクリコミキカイソウチノ サンコウテイコウカネツシキジヨウキオクリコミソウチ
US8679852B2 (en) Particulate matter generator for use with an emissions control device aging system
KR100245839B1 (ko) 연소물질의 페로신 강화 방법
Mohammadi et al. Study on combustion control in natural-gas PCCI engines with ozone addition into intake gas
Hiraoka et al. Experimental and numerical analysis on combustion characteristics of ammonia and diesel dual fuel engine
Teng et al. Can heavy-duty diesel engines fueled with DME meet US 2007/2010 emissions standard with a simplified aftertreatment system?
KR102626114B1 (ko) 연료를 절감하고 배기가스 배출을 저감하는 내연기관
US10989085B1 (en) Emission-free cold-start and warm-start of internal combustion engines
KR101794536B1 (ko) 순환적 내연기관에서 hcri 또는 부분 hcri를 통한 연소 제어
JP2004353562A (ja) ジメチルエーテル圧縮着火エンジン
Henein Diesel Engines Combustion and Emissions
KR102534915B1 (ko) 초 저농도 물 전기분해가스와 연소 공기와의 혼합에 의한 연소 방법 및 연소 시스템
Bromberg et al. Regeneration of diesel particulate filters with hydrogen rich gas
Radchenko et al. THE PHYSICAL BASIS FOR IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MARINE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES BY ELECTRIC MEANS
RU2095596C1 (ru) Способ уменьшения вредных выбросов в двигателях внутреннего сгорания
RU2084655C1 (ru) Способ применения низкооктанового топлива
JP2001082256A (ja) ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼改善方法及び装置
RU1824425C (ru) Способ работы двигател внутреннего сгорани

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C53 Correction of patent of invention or patent application
CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: Norway chestnut loa

Applicant after: Energy Conversion Technology A.

Address before: Norway chestnut loa

Applicant before: Energy Conversion Technology A.

COR Change of bibliographic data

Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES INC. TO: COOL FLAME TECHNOLOGIES AS

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20131211

Termination date: 20140901

EXPY Termination of patent right or utility model