CN101848810B - 含一根或更多根线材的层压镶嵌玻璃 - Google Patents

含一根或更多根线材的层压镶嵌玻璃 Download PDF

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CN101848810B
CN101848810B CN2008801147152A CN200880114715A CN101848810B CN 101848810 B CN101848810 B CN 101848810B CN 2008801147152 A CN2008801147152 A CN 2008801147152A CN 200880114715 A CN200880114715 A CN 200880114715A CN 101848810 B CN101848810 B CN 101848810B
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M·德达
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Pilkington Automotive Deutschland GmbH
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10183—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer being not continuous, e.g. in edge regions
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    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0825—Capacitive rain sensor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0874—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield
    • B60S1/0877—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means characterized by the position of the sensor on the windshield at least part of the sensor being positioned between layers of the windshield
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y10T428/24868—Translucent outer layer

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Abstract

一种层压镶嵌玻璃(例如，车辆挡风玻璃)，它包括具有在其间延伸的层压夹层的覆层的镶嵌玻璃材料(例如玻璃)的两个窗格，在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格之间的一根或更多根线材，其中排列所述线材，以便形成电容性雨水传感器和/或电感耦合线圈的感应区域，和在镶嵌玻璃表面上提供的红外反射涂层，其中在感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域内，最多仅仅部分提供涂层。

Description

含一根或更多根线材的层压镶嵌玻璃
本发明涉及布线的镶嵌玻璃(glazing)，特别地涉及在其结构内包括一根或更多根线材的层压镶嵌玻璃。
由于许多原因，可在层压镶嵌玻璃内包括一根或更多根线材。在典型地与镶嵌玻璃共延伸的格栅形式中，线材可提高镶嵌玻璃的结构完整性。由于在整个或部分镶嵌玻璃上存在多个延伸的部分，因此当电流施加到它们上时，线材能够允许镶嵌玻璃被加热。可排列一根或更多根线材，以便传输/接收电磁信号，例如形成天线，和/或形成电路的一部分，例如电容电路。
最常见的这种层压镶嵌玻璃可用作车辆镶嵌玻璃，尽管其使用没有如此限制。然而，在提供用于车辆的镶嵌玻璃中，除了以上所述的一种或更多种主要功能以外，还不得不考虑一些其他的辅助功能。例如，许多车辆镶嵌玻璃提供有太阳能控制功能，这意味着它们能降低太阳能热量值，否则，这些热量可进入车辆内，加热其内部，并引起乘客不舒适。在其他可能性当中，可以在镶嵌玻璃表面之一上，即在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格表面上或者在镶嵌玻璃内包括的材料的一些其他层的表面上，以太阳能控制涂层形式提供太阳能控制功能(常常用于控制红外辐射线通过镶嵌玻璃传输)。这些涂层典型地基于金属、金属氧化物和interleavent介电材料的层，且具有太阳能(即红外)反射性能。
遗憾的是，当这种太阳能控制涂层掺入到通常以上所述类型的布线的层压镶嵌玻璃内时，可存在线材功能的下降或损失。当线材形成电路的一部分时，这特别地可能成为事实，因为可在线材与涂层之间形成电界面。这一问题的一种明显的解决方法是一起除去太阳能控制功能，但存在关于车辆乘客舒适度的落后(backward)步骤。另一明显的解决方法是提供不会干扰线材功能的不同类型的涂层。然而，这可能是(且可能会)更加昂贵的解决方法，且作为已知的涂层，不可能很好地发挥作用(就太阳能控制来说)。
因此，本发明的目的是提供掺入一根或更多根具有电功能的线材(例如，如上所述)以及具有太阳能控制涂层的镶嵌玻璃，所述镶嵌玻璃不具有与现有技术镶嵌玻璃相同的电干扰。
因此，本发明提供层压的镶嵌玻璃，它包括：
具有其间延伸的一层层压夹层的镶嵌玻璃材料的两个窗格，
在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格之间的一根或更多根线材，其中排列所述线材，以便形成电容性雨水传感器和/或电感耦合线圈的感应区域，和
在镶嵌玻璃表面上提供的红外反射涂层，
其中在感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域内，最多仅仅部分提供涂层，这意味着在这一/这些区域内的涂层中存在一个或多个不连续区，结果降低线材和涂层之间的电干扰水平，其中在其他情况下，当镶嵌玻璃施加电能时可能出现所述电干扰。
镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格可以是玻璃的窗格，优选可能无色或主体着色的钠钙玻璃，或者它们可以是硬质塑料材料，例如聚碳酸酯的窗格。典型地，使用厚度为1-10mm，优选1.5-6mm的镶嵌玻璃材料中的窗格。
可以以下述类型材料之一提供夹层材料层：聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚氨酯(PU)、乙基乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚酰胺(PA)或聚乙烯基缩丁醛(PVB)。可典型地提供厚度为0.76mm或0.38mm的夹层材料层。
一个或更多根线材可以是暗色(例如暗灰色或黑色)，以便最小化肉眼观察时其视觉外观。典型地由有光泽的传导材料，例如银或铜制造的线材可通过用合适地着成暗色的材料，例如着黑色的塑料材料涂布，使得颜色变暗。
涂层优选包括一层或更多层金属层(或金属氧化物层)和一层或更多层介电层，典型地形成透明(或基本上透明)的多层叠层。可反复多层叠层结构，提高膜的反射率。在其他类似的金属当中，可使用银、金、铜、镍和铬作为多层叠层内的金属层；氧化铟、氧化锑或类似物可用作金属氧化物层。夹在诸如硅、铝、钛、钒、锡或锌的氧化物之类的电介质层之间的含一层或两层银的膜是典型的多层叠层。
优选地，在感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域内，以具有涂布区域和未涂布区域的格栅形式提供涂层(从而在镶嵌玻璃表面上最多仅仅部分提供)。认为这种结构是优选的，因为可以最小化缺少涂层的视觉影响(尽管涂层基本上透明)，结果当例如以45°观察角观察镶嵌玻璃时，涂层内的格栅仅仅最小地可观察到(若确实可观察到的话)。若感应区域和/或电感线圈位于镶嵌玻璃的主要视野内，即通过镶嵌玻璃观看关键的区域内，则这是特别重要的。
可通过在其上准备沉积涂层的材料层上遮盖选择区域，形成未涂布的区域，以便当沉积时，选择区域保持不具有涂层。或者可通过例如激光烧蚀，从选择区域内涂层已沉积在其上的材料层中选择性除去涂层，形成未涂布的区域。在格栅内包括的未涂布区域可以是轨道形式，所述轨道优选宽度(即相邻涂布区域之间的间距)大于50微米，但小于100微米，以防止轨道可视。轨道宽度进一步优选在60-90微米范围内，和最优选在70-80微米范围内。有利地，涂布区域与未涂布区域之比为至少70∶30，优选80∶20。然而，感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域可以完全不具有涂层材料。
针对镶嵌玻璃，以“在镶嵌玻璃表面上提供”涂层的描述是指，涂层可以在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格之一的表面上，或者在夹层材料层的表面上。若为后者，则可在PET层上提供涂层，所述PET层本身可夹在形成复合夹层的两层PVB层之间，其中使用所述两层PVB层，在一起层压镶嵌玻璃材料的两个窗格。若使用前者和常规的表面编号方法，其中接触车辆外部环境的层压体表面被称为表面1，和接触内部环境的表面称为表面4，则可在表面2或表面3(分别是外部常规的内表面和内部窗格的内表面)上承载涂层，在此可避免它受损失。
一根或更多根线材可优选与两个镶嵌玻璃的表面相邻地布置；这显然是能满意地湿气检测镶嵌玻璃表面之一同时避免线材劣化的最佳位置。
当在两个镶嵌玻璃表面上提供涂层时，它位于线材和镶嵌玻璃之一的表面之间。如果镶嵌玻璃不是根据本发明的镶嵌玻璃，则涂层会干扰镶嵌玻璃表面上的湿气的电容性传感且可干扰从外部电源到耦合线圈的电能的电感耦合(尽管不是在这二者之间)，这两种情况将导致雨水传感器不可靠的功能。
当在三个镶嵌玻璃的表面上或者在夹层材料层的表面上提供涂层时，它位于线材之后(从镶嵌玻璃之一的表面上看)。然而，若镶嵌玻璃不是本发明的镶嵌玻璃，则涂层仍然会干扰在镶嵌玻璃表面上的湿气的电容性传感以及干扰从外部电源到耦合线圈的电能的电感耦合，从而再次导致雨水传感器不可靠的功能。
有利地，可在镶嵌玻璃表面周围提供不透明带，和若存在的话，则电感耦合线圈可位于不透明带在其上提供的镶嵌玻璃区域内。可使用黑色油墨或者瓷漆，在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格表面(典型地两个镶嵌玻璃的表面和/或三个镶嵌玻璃的表面)上筛网印刷不透明带。该带在本领域中也称为遮盖带。由于可由线材的多个重叠环形成电感耦合线圈，因此这一结构比单一线材可能更加可视。因此，线圈定位在被不透明带覆盖以便避免可视的镶嵌玻璃区域内是美学上令人愉悦的解决方法。
在这一情况下，为了容易制备，可优选在电感耦合线圈的区域内，在夹层材料层内提供孔隙，以确保这一区域不具有涂层。孔隙和线圈二者可通过不透明带避免可视。
优选地，以电容性雨水传感器的感应区域形式排列一根或更多根线材，从而有效地形成一个或更多个电容板。本领域已知，可在镶嵌玻璃，特别是车辆镶嵌玻璃内包括电容性雨水传感器，使得能自动操作刮水片。
另外(或者作为替代方案)，也可以以电感耦合线圈形式排列一根或更多根线材，以供电感耦合电流流过耦合线圈(它可固定到电子器件，例如电容性雨水传感器的感应区域上)和镶嵌玻璃外部上的电子器件之间的覆层镶嵌玻璃。优选地，可使用任何合适的技术，例如超声粘结或电阻加热，在夹层材料层上直接沉积线材。
尽管可在其中典型地安装层压镶嵌玻璃的任何位置或地方使用本发明的镶嵌玻璃，但它最优选用作车辆镶嵌玻璃。此外，优选镶嵌玻璃可用作挡风玻璃，但它也可用作后灯(后玻璃)、边灯(边窗)和/或顶灯(车顶镶嵌玻璃)。
为了更好地理解本发明，通过非限定性实例，参考所附示意图并如示意图所示(没有按比例画出)，更特别地描述本发明，其中：
图1是本发明的层压镶嵌玻璃的平面示意图；
图2是沿着图1的线A-A看到的截面；
图3是根据本发明的层压镶嵌玻璃的进一步的平面示意图；和
图4是从图3的一部分中拍摄的详细视图。
图1示出了车辆挡风玻璃10形式的层压镶嵌玻璃，它包括厚度为2.1mm的透明钠钙玻璃11的窗格形式的镶嵌玻璃材料的外部窗格，和以电容性雨水传感器14形式排列的一根或更多根线材16，温度补偿结构17和电感耦合线圈15a、15b。雨水传感器14和温度补偿结构17大多数位于镶嵌玻璃的可视区域内，其中线圈15a、15b被遮盖看不见。在挡风玻璃10的周围，存在遮盖带13形式的不透明油墨带(典型地黑色瓷漆)。遮盖带13在此隐藏并保护密封剂(未示出)，所述密封剂用于固定窗户到车辆(未示出)内，以及还隐藏电感耦合线圈15a、15b。
图2提供了关于挡风玻璃10的结构的更多细节，其中它进一步包括同样为2.1mm厚的无色钠钙玻璃12的窗格形式的镶嵌玻璃材料的内部窗格，和由三层夹层材料构造的复合夹层。这些夹层材料为厚度0.38mm的透明PVB18、19的两个外层，和PET20的中心层，其中面向玻璃11的外部窗格的银基透明涂层的叠层21位于所述中心层上，以反射太阳能辐射。作为具有太阳能控制功能的复合夹层的替代方案，挡风玻璃10可包括PVB18层和在外部玻璃11和/或内部玻璃12的内表面上的太阳能控制涂层(未示出)。
大致组成为72wt％SiO2、1％Al2O3、0.1％Fe2O3、13.5％Na2O、0.6％K2O、8.5％CaO、4％MgO和0.2％SO3的无色玻璃11、12的窗格可获自英国的Pilkington Group Limited(www.pilkington.com)。带有银基涂层21的PET20的覆层可获自Southwall Technologies Inc.，3975 EastBayshore Road，Palo Alto，California 94303，US(www.Southwall.com)。
线材16位于PBV18的覆层和玻璃11的外部窗格之间，使得能电容检测在玻璃11的外部窗格的外表面上雨滴的存在。线材16粘结到PVB18的覆层和玻璃11的外部窗格二者上，因为它们各自具有PVB的外部鞘。线材16以产品号BP 180获自Elektrisola Eckenhagen，In derHüttenwiese，51580 Reichshof-Eckenhagen，德国(www.elektrisola.com)。
图3和4示出了涂层叠层21最多仅仅在传感器14、温度补偿结构17和耦合线圈15a、15b的区域内部分提供的方式。在涂层21的区域内，存在完全不具有涂层31的区域，所述区域通过在沉积涂层之前，遮盖所需区域而形成，和存在由涂布区域41与未涂布区域42形成的格栅区域32。在沉积之后，通过激光烧蚀涂层21，形成未涂布区域42，产生图4所示的图案。激光线的厚度为70微米，且隔开0.9mm(900微米)的距离。认为在电容检测镶嵌玻璃10之一的表面上的湿气中，这一格栅最佳地最小化雨水传感器14和涂层21之间的电干扰。
为了阐述完全除去涂层21和/或部分除去涂层21形成格栅区域32的效果，针对下述方案，在以上所述构造的镶嵌玻璃10的样品上，进行下述测量：
-方案A：根本没有除去涂层；
-方案B：在线圈15a、15b的区域内，完全除去涂层21(通过在PET20的覆层内切割孔隙)；
-方案C：根据方案B，但还通过激光烧蚀在电容性传感器14和温度补偿结构17区域内的涂层21，形成格栅区域。
测量在每一样品内，电容性雨水传感器和温度补偿结构的共振频率，以及针对各自的电感耦合线圈的频率振幅。为了进行这些试验，在每一样品中，将单一长度的线圈形成为相同尺寸的环作为电感耦合线圈。在每一样品中对称校准这一环与电感耦合线圈，并将自由端连接到HP 8753A Networkanalyser上，进行测量。上表中所示的这些试验的结果归一化到20℃的温度，以消除温度波动的影响。
可看出，一旦在相应的电感耦合线圈的区域内除去涂层，则雨水传感器结构的平均共振频率从12.7MHz急剧增加到14.4MHz(增加大于13％)，和一旦激光烧蚀涂层，在雨水传感器的区域内形成格栅，则轻微地增加到14.46MHz。类似地，一旦在相应的电感耦合线圈区域内除去涂层，则振幅急剧变得更负(从-0.9dB变化为-1.5dB)，和一旦生成激光格栅，则进一步变负(达到-1.8dB)，从而表明在试验环和镶嵌玻璃内的环之间愈加成功的电感耦合。

Claims (11)

1.一种层压镶嵌玻璃，它包括：
具有在其间延伸的一层层压夹层的镶嵌玻璃材料的两个窗格，
在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格之间的一根或更多根线材，所述线材如此布置，以便形成电容性雨水传感器和电感耦合线圈的感应区域，和
在镶嵌玻璃表面上提供的红外反射涂层，
其中在感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域内，最多仅仅部分提供涂层。
2.权利要求1的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中在感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域内，以具有涂布区域和未涂布区域的格栅形式提供涂层。
3.权利要求2的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中未涂布区域为宽度大于50微米的轨道形式。
4.权利要求2或3的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中涂布区域与未涂布区域之比为至少70∶30。
5.权利要求1的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中感应区域和/或电感耦合线圈的区域不具有涂层。
6.前述任何一项权利要求的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中在镶嵌玻璃材料的窗格的表面上提供涂层。
7.权利要求1-5任何一项的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中在夹层材料层的表面上提供涂层。
8.前述任何一项权利要求的层压镶嵌玻璃，其中在镶嵌玻璃表面周围提供不透明带，电感耦合线圈位于不透明带在其上提供的镶嵌玻璃区域内。
9.权利要求8的层压镶嵌玻璃，当从属于权利要求7时，其中在电感耦合线圈区域内，提供在夹层材料层内的孔隙。
10.前述任何一项权利要求的层压镶嵌玻璃作为车辆镶嵌玻璃的用途。
11.权利要求10的层压镶嵌玻璃作为挡风玻璃、后灯、边灯和/或顶灯的用途。
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