Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned situation, the present invention at first will provide the bactericidal pesticide composition of a kind of efficient, low toxicity, environmental protection, to address the above problem.Said composition can not only effectively be prevented and treated gray mold, also can effectively prevent and treat stalk break, the brown rot of crops such as comprising fruit, vegetables, rape.
The present invention contains the bactericidal pesticide composition of Fluoxastrobin, is the active drug composition with Fluoxastrobin and procymidone, forms jointly with acceptable auxiliary element in the agricultural chemicals, and the weight ratio of active drug composition Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is 1: 50~50: 1.Result of the test on this basis shows that the further preferred weight ratio of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is 1: 20~20: 1.
Acceptable auxiliary element in the said agricultural chemicals, comprise in the present agricultural chemicals existing be extensive use of and not can with said these two kinds of active drug compositions produce chemical actions or to its drug effect performance have adverse effect as conventional ingredients such as auxiliary agents such as dispersant, diffusant, defoamer, wetting agent, disintegrant, excipient.
The practical application form of the bactericidal pesticide composition that the present invention is above-mentioned, can be according to different use needs or applying environment/conditions, by acceptable auxiliary element in said two active drug compositions and the agricultural chemicals, adopt conventional at present agricultural chemicals preparation method, be processed at present operational any in the common pesticides formulations such as wetting powder, water dispersible granules, suspending agent of comprising.So that comprise practical application in the farm crop fungus disease of fruit, vegetables, rape in control.For example, the composition of some formulations of pesticide and typical preparation thereof can be as following.
A. wetting powder (WP).The said preparation medicine is can homodisperse solid powder preparation in water.When wetting powder prepares, except in said active drug composition (former medicine), adding as white carbon, precipitated calcium carbonate, potter's clay, diatomite, outside thinners such as attapulgite or the inert substance, ionic or nonionic surface active agent (wetting agent also can be arranged, dispersant), wetting agent for example, alkylbenzenesulfonate (DBS-Na), alkylnaphthalene sulfonate (drawing back powder), alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether sulfate, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether formaldehyde condensation products sulphate, aliphatic alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide adduct sulfonate, the alkyl amide taurate, aliphatic alcohol polyethenoxy base ether (JFC), content are 0.1%~30% (wt, below all herewith); Dispersant such as naphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene or alkyl naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonates (NO, NN0, MF), lignin and derivative sulfonate thereof (M-9, POLYFON etc.), the polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether block copolymer, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether formaldehyde condensation products sulphate (SOPA), PVA, CMC content 0.1%-30%; Also contain one or more materials among penetrating agent JFC, azone, thiophene ketone, the penetrant t, content is 0.3%-30%; Can also use other auxiliary agents such as stabilizing agent, foam inhibitor, anticaking agent in the usual way.
The preparation method is that one or more materials among former medicine and above-mentioned inert substance, surfactant, bleeding agent, stabilizing agent etc. are mixed, and obtains wetting powder through the dry pulverization process (as comminution by gas stream etc.) of routine.
B. water dispersible granules (WDG).The said preparation medicine is can be in water very fast disintegration, disperse to form the granule of higher suspension dispersion.By said active drug composition, key elements such as auxiliary agent such as the required conventional wetting agent of preparation, dispersant, interleaving agent, disintegrant, stabilizing agent, adhesive and carrier are formed.Its auxiliary agent and carrier, and the compound method of precursor (preformed objects before the granulation) is analogous to wetting powder and suspending agent substantially.
The preparation method is that the processing method by above-mentioned wetting powder is obtained preformed objects before the granulation, and the water that adds 10-15% makes wet granular through the method for extruder grain or rotating granulation, will obtain water dispersible granules after the wet granular oven dry screening.
C. suspending agent (SC).The said preparation medicine is water insoluble solids agricultural chemicals or the dispersion of immiscible liquids agricultural chemicals in water or oil.Make through the wet method ultramicro grinding by active drug composition, the required auxiliary agent (wetting dispersing agent, thickener, stabilizing agent, pH regulator agent, defoamer, antifreezing agent) of preparation.Wetting dispersing agent can be naphthalene or alkyl naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonates (NO, NN0, MF), lignin and derivative sulfonate (M-9, POLYFON etc.) thereof, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether sulfonate, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene base ether block copolymers, in alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), the condensed phosphate etc. one or more, content 0.1%-12%; Thickener and stabilizing agent can be in xanthan gum (XG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), the Magnesiumaluminumsilicate etc. one or more, content 0.05-0.5%; PH regulator agent and defoamer can add according to circumstances in right amount.
The preparation method is that the ratio in prescription such as each composition and water is mixed, and obtains suspending agent after grinding and/or high speed shear.
Because the Fluoxastrobin in the active drug composition is different with the mechanism of action of procymidone, test shows, can produce synergistic function with said ratio after composite, compare with the single component agricultural chemicals, can significantly strengthen sterilization and control efficiency, can significantly reduce the field dosage, thereby effectively reduce environmental pollution and residue of pesticide, also reduce and produce and use cost, and enlarged the prevention and treatment range of single agent agricultural chemicals, can be used for the disease control of crops such as fruit, vegetables, rape.The difference of two kinds of active drug composition mechanism of action also can reduce the single selection pressure to germ simultaneously, the generation that helps overcoming the disease resistance He delay disease drug resistance.
The embodiment of form is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention more by the following examples.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following example.Do not breaking away under the above-mentioned technological thought situation of the present invention, various replacements or change according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means are made all should comprise within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the composite evaluation of pesticide effectiveness to gray mold of cucumber of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone
Subjects: botrytis cinerea pers (Botrytis cinerea Pers.)
Pot-culture method is adopted in this test.Potted plant cucumber seedling grows to 2 leaf periods, numbers standby.On the basis of preliminary experiment,, 5-7 series mass concentration is set according to the medicament activity.Soup is evenly sprayed in the blade face to all wetting, be advisable, treat that the soup natural air drying is standby not drip.Every processing 5 basins repeat for 4 times, and establish the processing that only contains solvent and surfactant and do not contain effective composition and make blank.Behind the chemicals treatment 24h, with crop sprayer even spraying inoculation botrytis cinerea pers spore suspension on cucumber leaves.
The collocation method of spore suspension: test, washes spore with sterile water after being cultured to a large amount of spores of generation on the suitable culture base with pathogen, and double gauze filters, and is modulated into 1x10
5Individual spore/mL spore suspension, standby.Move in the humidistat (relative moisture more than 95%, temperature 20-22 ℃) dark condition after the inoculation and cultivate 24h down, under 20-25 ℃, relative moisture 80%-90% condition, cultivated 7 days then.Add up the lesion area on every strain cucumber leaves, whole blades are investigated in every processing, calculate disease and refer to and control efficiency.
The gray mold of cucumber stage division:
Grade scale
0 grade: blade does not have scab;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of whole blade area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6-15% of whole blade area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 16-25% of whole blade area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 26-50% of whole blade area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of whole blade area.
The drug effect computational methods:
Control efficiency is converted into probability value (Y), and liquor strength (mg/L) converts logarithm value (x) to, calculates concentration EC in virulence equation and the inhibition with method of least squares
50, according to the toxicity index and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of the abundant method calculating of Sun Yun medicament.
Actual measurement toxicity index (ATI)=(standard medicament EC
50/ reagent agent EC
50) * 100
The percentage composition of B in percentage composition+B medicament toxicity index * mixture of A in theoretical toxicity index (TTI)=A medicament toxicity index * mixture
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)=[mixture actual measurement toxicity index (the ATI)/theoretical toxicity index (TTI) of mixture] * 100
When CTC≤80, then composition performance is for Hangzhoupro short of money effect, and when 80<CTC<120, then the composition performance is summation action, and when CTC 〉=120, then the composition performance is synergistic effect.The result of the evaluation of pesticide effectiveness is referring to table 1.
Result of the test shows that Fluoxastrobin and procymidone were used to prevent and treat the co-toxicity coefficient of gray mold of cucumber all more than 150 when composite in 50: 1 by weight~1: 60, has synergistic effect, proportioning is between 20: 1~1: 20 the time, and co-toxicity coefficient all is higher than 180, and synergistic effect is more obvious.
The serial proportioning of table 1 Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is to the indoor harmacological effect measurement result of botrytis cinerea pers
Medicine is formed (Fluoxastrobin: procymidone) (wt) |
??EC
50(mg/L)
|
??ATI |
??TTI |
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) |
Fluoxastrobin |
??18.2 |
??100 |
??/ |
??/ |
Procymidone |
??36.4 |
??50 |
??/ |
??/ |
??50∶1 |
??16.9 |
??106 |
??70 |
??151 |
??30∶1 |
??16.6 |
??105 |
??69 |
??152 |
??20∶1 |
??15.3 |
??125 |
??68 |
??183 |
??10∶1 |
??14.9 |
??142 |
??72 |
??197 |
??5∶1 |
??12.8 |
??156 |
??63 |
??248 |
??1∶1 |
??11.3 |
??161 |
??61 |
??264 |
??1∶5 |
??13.7 |
??130 |
??60 |
??216 |
??1∶10 |
??12.4 |
??151 |
??63 |
??240 |
??1∶20 |
??15.2 |
??125 |
??62 |
??202 |
??1∶30 |
??16.6 |
??113 |
??71 |
??159 |
??1∶40 |
??16.9 |
??118 |
??76 |
??155 |
??1∶60 |
??17.5 |
??112 |
??74 |
??151 |
Embodiment 2: the composite evaluation of pesticide effectiveness to graw mold of tomato of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone
Subjects: botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea pers.)
Pot-culture method is adopted in this test.Potted plant tomato seedling grows to 5 leaf periods, numbers standby.On the basis of preliminary experiment,, 5-7 series mass concentration is set according to the medicament activity.Soup is evenly sprayed in the blade face to all wetting, be advisable, treat that the soup natural air drying is standby not drip.Every processing 5 basins repeat for 4 times, and establish the processing that only contains solvent and surfactant and do not contain effective composition and make blank.Behind the chemicals treatment 24h, with crop sprayer even spraying inoculating tomato ash arrhizus bacteria spore suspension on tomato leaf.
The collocation method of spore suspension: test, washes spore with sterile water after being cultured to a large amount of spores of generation on the suitable culture base with pathogen, and double gauze filters, and is modulated into 1x10
5Individual spore/mL spore suspension, standby.Move in the humidistat (relative moisture more than 95%, temperature 20-22 ℃) dark condition after the inoculation and cultivate 24h down, under 20-25 ℃, relative moisture 80%-90% condition, cultivated 7 days then.Add up the lesion area on every strain tomato leaf, whole blades are investigated in every processing, calculate disease and refer to and control efficiency.
The graw mold of tomato stage division:
Grade scale
0 grade: blade does not have scab;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of whole blade area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6-15% of whole blade area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 16-25% of whole blade area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 26-50% of whole blade area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of whole blade area.
The drug effect computational methods:
Control efficiency is converted into probability value (Y), and liquor strength (mg/L) converts logarithm value (x) to, calculates concentration EC in virulence equation and the inhibition with method of least squares
50, according to the toxicity index and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of the abundant method calculating of Sun Yun medicament.
Actual measurement toxicity index (ATI)=(standard medicament EC
50/ reagent agent EC
50) * 100
The percentage composition of B in percentage composition+B medicament toxicity index * mixture of A in theoretical toxicity index (TTI)=A medicament toxicity index * mixture
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)=[mixture actual measurement toxicity index (the ATI)/theoretical toxicity index (TTI) of mixture] * 100
When CTC≤80, then composition performance is for Hangzhoupro short of money effect, and when 80<CTC<120, then the composition performance is summation action, and when CTC 〉=120, then the composition performance is synergistic effect.The result of the evaluation of pesticide effectiveness is referring to table 2.
The serial proportioning of table 2 Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is to the indoor harmacological effect measurement result of botrytis cinerea
Medicine is formed (Fluoxastrobin: procymidone) (wt) |
??EC
50(mg/L)
|
??ATI |
??TTI |
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) |
Fluoxastrobin |
??16.2 |
??100 |
??/ |
??/ |
Procymidone |
??32.9 |
??49 |
??/ |
??/ |
??50∶1 |
??15.6 |
??111 |
??71 |
??156 |
??30∶1 |
??15.5 |
??110 |
??70 |
??157 |
??20∶1 |
??14.6 |
??135 |
??72 |
??188 |
??10∶1 |
??13.1 |
??150 |
??73 |
??205 |
??5∶1 |
??12.0 |
??162 |
??65 |
??249 |
??1∶1 |
??12.9 |
??157 |
??64 |
??245 |
??1∶5 |
??18.6 |
??147 |
??73 |
??201 |
??1∶10 |
??19.9 |
??148 |
??67 |
??221 |
??1∶20 |
??21.4 |
??133 |
??74 |
??179 |
??1∶30 |
??25.5 |
??121 |
??69 |
??175 |
??1∶40 |
??26.7 |
??124 |
??80 |
??155 |
??1∶60 |
??27.9 |
??120 |
??79 |
??152 |
Result of the test shows that Fluoxastrobin and procymidone were used to prevent and treat the co-toxicity coefficient of graw mold of tomato all more than 150 when composite in 50: 1 by weight~1: 60, has synergistic effect, proportioning is between 20: 1~1: 30 the time, and co-toxicity coefficient all is higher than 170, and synergistic effect is more obvious.
Embodiment 3:31% Fluoxastrobin procymidone wetting powder
Form: Fluoxastrobin 1%, procymidone 30%, lauryl sodium sulfate 2%, sodium lignin sulfonate 5%, naphthalene sulfonate 3%, kaolin complements to 100%.
Preparation: each composition is fully mixed, after ultrafine crusher is pulverized, promptly get wetting powder in the established practice mode.
Application at the control graw mold of tomato: test is carried out with reference to People's Republic of China's standard (pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion).Above-mentioned 31% Fluoxastrobin procymidone is sprayed by 600 times of (Fluoxastrobin valid density is 17mg/L, and procymidone valid density is 500mg/L) thin ups, and the control efficiency of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 89.1%, 80.3% behind the medicine.250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobin suspending agents by 1000 times (valid density is 250mg/L) and 50% procymidone wetting powder by 700 times (valid density is 714mg/L), with using with quadrat method, the preventive effect of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 71.9%, 65.5% and 80.3%, 72.1% behind the medicine.The synergistic effect of the composite back of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is obvious, to the preventive effect of graw mold of tomato significantly better than single agent.Concrete outcome sees Table 3.
Table 3 31% Fluoxastrobin procymidone wetting powder is to the field efficacy measurement result of graw mold of tomato
Medicament |
Effective ingredient consumption (mg/L) |
Preventive effect after 7 days (%) |
Preventive effect after 15 days (%) |
31% Fluoxastrobin procymidone |
??517(17+500) |
??89.1 |
??80.3 |
250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobins |
??250 |
??71.9 |
??65.5 |
50% procymidone |
??714 |
??80.3 |
??72.1 |
Embodiment 4:50% Fluoxastrobin procymidone water dispersible granules
Form: Fluoxastrobin 25%, procymidone 25%, NNO 2%, sodium lignin sulfonate 9%, lauryl sodium sulfate 4%, bentonite complements to 100%.
Preparation: each composition is mixed, become wetting powder through comminution by gas stream in a usual manner, add suitable quantity of water again and mix extruder grain.Obtain water dispersible granules after the drying screening.
Application at the control sclerotinia rot of colza: test is carried out with reference to People's Republic of China's standard (pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion).Above-mentioned 50% Fluoxastrobin procymidone water dispersible granules is sprayed by 1500 times of (Fluoxastrobin valid density is 166.5mg/L, and procymidone valid density is 166.5mg/L) thin ups, and the control efficiency of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 92.1%, 85.8% behind the medicine.250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobin suspending agents are by 1000 times (valid density is 250mg/L), 50% procymidone wetting powder is by 700 times (valid density is 714mg/L), uses with quadrat method and uses, and the preventive effect of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 86.9% behind the medicine, 80.4% and 83.3%, 75.2%.The synergistic effect of the composite back of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is obvious, to the preventive effect of sclerotinia rot of colza significantly better than single agent.Concrete outcome sees Table 4.
Table 4 50% Fluoxastrobin procymidone water dispersible granules is to the field efficacy measurement result of sclerotinia rot of colza
Medicament |
Effective ingredient consumption (mg/L) |
Preventive effect after 7 days (%) |
Preventive effect after 15 days (%) |
50% Fluoxastrobin procymidone |
??333(166.5+166.5) |
??92.1 |
??85.8 |
250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobins |
??250 |
??86.9 |
??80.4 |
50% procymidone |
??714 |
??83.3 |
??75.2 |
Embodiment 5:42% Fluoxastrobin procymidone suspending agent
Form: Fluoxastrobin 40%, procymidone 2%, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 10%, xanthans 0.4%, bentonite 1%, glycerine 5%, water complements to 100%.
Preparation: each composition is mixed, after grinding and/or high speed shear, obtain suspending agent in a usual manner.
Application at the control grey mould fruit rot of strawberry.Test is carried out with reference to People's Republic of China's standard (pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion).42% Fluoxastrobin procymidone suspending agent is sprayed by 1800 times of (Fluoxastrobin valid density is 222mg/L, and procymidone valid density is 11mg/L) thin ups, and the control efficiency of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 90.2%, 87.4% behind the medicine.250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobin suspending agents are by 1000 times (valid density is 250mg/L), 50% procymidone wetting powder is by 1000 times (valid density is 500mg/L), uses with quadrat method and uses, and the preventive effect of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 84.2% behind the medicine, 80.7% and 80.8%, 75.3%.The synergistic effect of the composite back of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is obvious, to the preventive effect of grey mould fruit rot of strawberry significantly better than single agent.Concrete outcome sees Table 5.
Table 5 42% Fluoxastrobin procymidone suspending agent is to the field efficacy measurement result of grey mould fruit rot of strawberry
Medicament |
Effective ingredient consumption (mg/L) |
Preventive effect after 7 days (%) |
Preventive effect after 15 days (%) |
42% Fluoxastrobin procymidone |
??233(222+11) |
??90.2 |
??87.4 |
250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobins |
??250 |
??84.2 |
??80.7 |
50% procymidone |
??500 |
??80.8 |
??75.3 |
Embodiment 6:51% Fluoxastrobin procymidone water dispersible granules
Form: Fluoxastrobin 1%, procymidone 50%, NNO 4%, sodium lignin sulfonate 10%, lauryl sodium sulfate 3%, kaolin complements to 100%.
Preparation: each composition is mixed, become wetting powder through comminution by gas stream in a usual manner, add suitable quantity of water again and mix extruder grain.Obtain water dispersible granules after the drying screening.
Application at the control grape grey mould: test is carried out with reference to People's Republic of China's standard (pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion).Above-mentioned 51% Fluoxastrobin procymidone water dispersible granules is sprayed by 800 times of (Fluoxastrobin valid density is 12.5mg/L, and procymidone valid density is 625mg/L) thin ups, and the control efficiency of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 93.5%, 88.1% behind the medicine.250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobin suspending agents are by 1000 times (valid density is 250mg/L), 50% procymidone wetting powder is by 700 times (valid density is 714mg/L), uses with quadrat method and uses, and the preventive effect of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 87.5% behind the medicine, 81.3% and 84.3%, 76.8%.The synergistic effect of the composite back of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is obvious, to the preventive effect of grape grey mould significantly better than single agent.Concrete outcome sees Table 6.
Table 6 51% Fluoxastrobin procymidone water dispersible granules is to the field efficacy measurement result of grape grey mould
Medicament |
Effective ingredient consumption (mg/L) |
Preventive effect after 7 days (%) |
Preventive effect after 15 days (%) |
51% Fluoxastrobin procymidone |
??637.5(12.5+625) |
??93.5 |
??88.1 |
250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobins |
??250 |
??87.5 |
??81.3 |
50% procymidone |
??714 |
??84.3 |
??76.8 |
Embodiment 7:25.5% Fluoxastrobin procymidone suspending agent
Form: Fluoxastrobin 25%, procymidone 0.5%, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 8%, xanthans 0.5%, glycerine 6%, water complements to 100%.
Preparation: each composition is mixed, after grinding and/or high speed shear, obtain suspending agent in a usual manner.
Application in control capsicum gray mold.Test is carried out with reference to People's Republic of China's standard (pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion).25.5% Fluoxastrobin procymidone suspending agent is sprayed by 1100 times of (Fluoxastrobin valid density is 227mg/L, and procymidone valid density is 5mg/L) thin ups, and the control efficiency of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 92.1%, 87.8% behind the medicine.250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobin suspending agents are by 1000 times (valid density is 250mg/L), 50% procymidone wetting powder is by 1000 times (valid density is 500mg/L), uses with quadrat method and uses, and the preventive effect of 7 days and 15 days is respectively 83.7% behind the medicine, 79.2% and 80.0%, 74.9%.The synergistic effect of the composite back of Fluoxastrobin and procymidone is obvious, to the preventive effect of capsicum gray mold significantly better than single agent.Concrete outcome sees Table 7.
Table 7 25.5% Fluoxastrobin procymidone suspending agent is to the field efficacy measurement result of capsicum gray mold
Medicament |
Effective ingredient consumption (mg/L) |
Preventive effect after 7 days (%) |
Preventive effect after 15 days (%) |
25.5% Fluoxastrobin procymidone |
??232(227+5) |
??92.1 |
??87.8 |
250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobins |
??250 |
??83.7 |
??79.2 |
50% procymidone |
??500 |
??80.0 |
??74.9 |