CN101789431A - 深沟槽绝缘栅极双极晶体管 - Google Patents
深沟槽绝缘栅极双极晶体管 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101789431A CN101789431A CN200910261915A CN200910261915A CN101789431A CN 101789431 A CN101789431 A CN 101789431A CN 200910261915 A CN200910261915 A CN 200910261915A CN 200910261915 A CN200910261915 A CN 200910261915A CN 101789431 A CN101789431 A CN 101789431A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- power transistor
- transistor device
- area
- drift region
- resilient coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005527 interface trap Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D12/00—Bipolar devices controlled by the field effect, e.g. insulated-gate bipolar transistors [IGBT]
- H10D12/411—Insulated-gate bipolar transistors [IGBT]
- H10D12/441—Vertical IGBTs
- H10D12/461—Vertical IGBTs having non-planar surfaces, e.g. having trenches, recesses or pillars in the surfaces of the emitter, base or collector regions
- H10D12/481—Vertical IGBTs having non-planar surfaces, e.g. having trenches, recesses or pillars in the surfaces of the emitter, base or collector regions having gate structures on slanted surfaces, on vertical surfaces, or in grooves, e.g. trench gate IGBTs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D12/00—Bipolar devices controlled by the field effect, e.g. insulated-gate bipolar transistors [IGBT]
- H10D12/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10D12/031—Manufacture or treatment of IGBTs
- H10D12/032—Manufacture or treatment of IGBTs of vertical IGBTs
- H10D12/038—Manufacture or treatment of IGBTs of vertical IGBTs having a recessed gate, e.g. trench-gate IGBTs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/10—Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodies; Shapes of the semiconductor bodies
- H10D62/113—Isolations within a component, i.e. internal isolations
- H10D62/115—Dielectric isolations, e.g. air gaps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/10—Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodies; Shapes of the semiconductor bodies
- H10D62/113—Isolations within a component, i.e. internal isolations
- H10D62/115—Dielectric isolations, e.g. air gaps
- H10D62/116—Dielectric isolations, e.g. air gaps adjoining the input or output regions of field-effect devices, e.g. adjoining source or drain regions
Landscapes
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/317,307 US20100155831A1 (en) | 2008-12-20 | 2008-12-20 | Deep trench insulated gate bipolar transistor |
| US12/317,307 | 2008-12-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101789431A true CN101789431A (zh) | 2010-07-28 |
Family
ID=41800656
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910261915A Pending CN101789431A (zh) | 2008-12-20 | 2009-12-21 | 深沟槽绝缘栅极双极晶体管 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100155831A1 (enExample) |
| EP (3) | EP2200087A1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2010147475A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN101789431A (enExample) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103534811A (zh) * | 2011-05-18 | 2014-01-22 | 富士电机株式会社 | 半导体装置及半导体装置的制造方法 |
| CN103765592A (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2014-04-30 | 埃皮根股份有限公司 | 用于生长iii-v外延层的方法 |
| CN110223980A (zh) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-10 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 半导体装置 |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5400405B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-05 | 2014-01-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
| TWI402985B (zh) * | 2009-06-02 | 2013-07-21 | Anpec Electronics Corp | 絕緣閘雙極電晶體與二極體之整合結構及其製作方法 |
| CN103137688B (zh) * | 2011-11-25 | 2017-05-17 | 盛况 | 一种沟槽mos结构半导体装置及其制造方法 |
| US8653600B2 (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2014-02-18 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage monolithic schottky device structure |
| CN103633138A (zh) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-03-12 | 朱江 | 一种底部隔离电荷补偿结构半导体晶片及其制备方法 |
| US9224854B2 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-12-29 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Trench gate trench field plate vertical MOSFET |
| US9543396B2 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2017-01-10 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Vertical transistor device structure with cylindrically-shaped regions |
| US10325988B2 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2019-06-18 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Vertical transistor device structure with cylindrically-shaped field plates |
| JP6990890B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-29 | 2022-01-12 | 蘇州東微半導体股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 半導体パワーデバイス |
| DE102018123439B4 (de) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-04-23 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Leistungshalbleitertransistor, Verfahren zum Verarbeiten eines Leistungshalbleitertransistors und Verfahren zum Produzieren eines Leistungshalbleitertransistors |
| JP7164497B2 (ja) | 2019-08-23 | 2022-11-01 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050145977A1 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-07-07 | Alessandria Antonino S. | Semiconductor power device with insulated gate and trench-gate structure and corresponding manufacturing method |
| US20050263852A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Semiconductor device |
| US20070200183A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-30 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Power semiconductor component with a drift zone and a high-dielectric compensation zone and method for producing a compensation zone |
| US20080166845A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-10 | Maxpower Semiconductor, Inc. | Method of manufacture for a semiconductor device |
Family Cites Families (53)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4769685A (en) * | 1986-10-27 | 1988-09-06 | General Motors Corporation | Recessed-gate junction-MOS field effect transistor |
| US20020074585A1 (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 2002-06-20 | Advanced Power Technology, Inc., Delaware Corporation | Self-aligned power MOSFET with enhanced base region |
| US5008794A (en) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-04-16 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Regulated flyback converter with spike suppressing coupled inductors |
| JP2635828B2 (ja) * | 1991-01-09 | 1997-07-30 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置 |
| US5072268A (en) * | 1991-03-12 | 1991-12-10 | Power Integrations, Inc. | MOS gated bipolar transistor |
| US5164891A (en) * | 1991-08-21 | 1992-11-17 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Low noise voltage regulator and method using a gated single ended oscillator |
| US5258636A (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1993-11-02 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Narrow radius tips for high voltage semiconductor devices with interdigitated source and drain electrodes |
| US5285367A (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1994-02-08 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Linear load circuit to control switching power supplies under minimum load conditions |
| US5323044A (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1994-06-21 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Bi-directional MOSFET switch |
| US5274259A (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 1993-12-28 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High voltage transistor |
| US5313082A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-05-17 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High voltage MOS transistor with a low on-resistance |
| US6800903B2 (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 2004-10-05 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage transistor with multi-layer conduction region |
| US6207994B1 (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 2001-03-27 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage transistor with multi-layer conduction region |
| US6168983B1 (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 2001-01-02 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Method of making a high-voltage transistor with multiple lateral conduction layers |
| DE19854915C2 (de) * | 1998-11-27 | 2002-09-05 | Infineon Technologies Ag | MOS-Feldeffekttransistor mit Hilfselektrode |
| US6084277A (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2000-07-04 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Lateral power MOSFET with improved gate design |
| US6509220B2 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2003-01-21 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Method of fabricating a high-voltage transistor |
| US6468847B1 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-10-22 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Method of fabricating a high-voltage transistor |
| US6768171B2 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2004-07-27 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage transistor with JFET conduction channels |
| US6424007B1 (en) * | 2001-01-24 | 2002-07-23 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage transistor with buried conduction layer |
| US6677641B2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2004-01-13 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Semiconductor structure with improved smaller forward voltage loss and higher blocking capability |
| JP2002305304A (ja) * | 2001-04-05 | 2002-10-18 | Toshiba Corp | 電力用半導体装置 |
| US6657256B2 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2003-12-02 | General Semiconductor, Inc. | Trench DMOS transistor having a zener diode for protection from electro-static discharge |
| US7786533B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2010-08-31 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage vertical transistor with edge termination structure |
| US6555873B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-04-29 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage lateral transistor with a multi-layered extended drain structure |
| US6635544B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-10-21 | Power Intergrations, Inc. | Method of fabricating a high-voltage transistor with a multi-layered extended drain structure |
| US6573558B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-06-03 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage vertical transistor with a multi-layered extended drain structure |
| US6683344B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2004-01-27 | Ixys Corporation | Rugged and fast power MOSFET and IGBT |
| US7221011B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2007-05-22 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage vertical transistor with a multi-gradient drain doping profile |
| US6555883B1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-04-29 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Lateral power MOSFET for high switching speeds |
| US6552597B1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-04-22 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Integrated circuit with closely coupled high voltage output and offline transistor pair |
| US6777747B2 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2004-08-17 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Thick buffer region design to improve IGBT self-clamped inductive switching (SCIS) energy density and device manufacturability |
| US6583663B1 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2003-06-24 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Power integrated circuit with distributed gate driver |
| US7652326B2 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2010-01-26 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Power semiconductor devices and methods of manufacture |
| US6865093B2 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2005-03-08 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Electronic circuit control element with tap element |
| US7135748B2 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-11-14 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Integrated circuit with multi-length output transistor segment |
| US20060086974A1 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-04-27 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Integrated circuit with multi-length power transistor segments |
| US7436039B2 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2008-10-14 | Velox Semiconductor Corporation | Gallium nitride semiconductor device |
| US7655977B2 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2010-02-02 | International Rectifier Corporation | Trench IGBT for highly capacitive loads |
| JP4817827B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-09 | 2011-11-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置 |
| DE102006025218B4 (de) * | 2006-05-29 | 2009-02-19 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Leistungshalbleiterbauelement mit Ladungskompensationsstruktur und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
| US7381618B2 (en) * | 2006-10-03 | 2008-06-03 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Gate etch process for a high-voltage FET |
| US8093621B2 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-01-10 | Power Integrations, Inc. | VTS insulated gate bipolar transistor |
| JP5200373B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-15 | 2013-06-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| US7557406B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2009-07-07 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Segmented pillar layout for a high-voltage vertical transistor |
| US7468536B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-12-23 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Gate metal routing for transistor with checkerboarded layout |
| US7859037B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2010-12-28 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Checkerboarded high-voltage vertical transistor layout |
| US7595523B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2009-09-29 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Gate pullback at ends of high-voltage vertical transistor structure |
| US8653583B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2014-02-18 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Sensing FET integrated with a high-voltage transistor |
| US7875962B2 (en) * | 2007-10-15 | 2011-01-25 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Package for a power semiconductor device |
| US7964912B2 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-06-21 | Power Integrations, Inc. | High-voltage vertical transistor with a varied width silicon pillar |
| US7871882B2 (en) * | 2008-12-20 | 2011-01-18 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Method of fabricating a deep trench insulated gate bipolar transistor |
| US7893754B1 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2011-02-22 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Temperature independent reference circuit |
-
2008
- 2008-12-20 US US12/317,307 patent/US20100155831A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-12-17 JP JP2009286298A patent/JP2010147475A/ja active Pending
- 2009-12-18 EP EP09179792A patent/EP2200087A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-18 EP EP12165169.9A patent/EP2482325A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-18 EP EP12165167.3A patent/EP2482324A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-21 CN CN200910261915A patent/CN101789431A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050145977A1 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-07-07 | Alessandria Antonino S. | Semiconductor power device with insulated gate and trench-gate structure and corresponding manufacturing method |
| US20050263852A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Semiconductor device |
| US20070200183A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-30 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Power semiconductor component with a drift zone and a high-dielectric compensation zone and method for producing a compensation zone |
| US20080166845A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-10 | Maxpower Semiconductor, Inc. | Method of manufacture for a semiconductor device |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103534811A (zh) * | 2011-05-18 | 2014-01-22 | 富士电机株式会社 | 半导体装置及半导体装置的制造方法 |
| CN103534811B (zh) * | 2011-05-18 | 2016-09-21 | 富士电机株式会社 | 半导体装置及半导体装置的制造方法 |
| CN103765592A (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2014-04-30 | 埃皮根股份有限公司 | 用于生长iii-v外延层的方法 |
| US9748331B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2017-08-29 | Epigan Nv | Method for growing III-V epitaxial layers |
| CN110223980A (zh) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-10 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 半导体装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2482324A2 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| EP2482324A3 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| US20100155831A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
| EP2200087A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
| EP2482325A3 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| EP2482325A2 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| JP2010147475A (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101789396B (zh) | 制造深沟槽绝缘栅极双极晶体管的方法 | |
| CN101840919B (zh) | Vts绝缘栅极双极晶体管 | |
| CN101789431A (zh) | 深沟槽绝缘栅极双极晶体管 | |
| KR101552022B1 (ko) | 반도체 장치 및 반도체 장치를 제조하는 방법 | |
| US20220320295A1 (en) | Sic mosfet structures with asymmetric trench oxide | |
| US8680608B2 (en) | Power semiconductor device with a low on resistence | |
| US9449968B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing a semiconductor device and a semiconductor device | |
| US20220320322A1 (en) | Igbt with a variation of trench oxide thickness regions | |
| US20170236930A1 (en) | Vertical double-diffused metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor and manufacturing method therefor | |
| US20250267939A1 (en) | Silicon-on-insulator transverse device and manufacturing method therefor | |
| CN104167443B (zh) | 半导体器件、集成电路以及制造半导体器件的方法 | |
| KR101653456B1 (ko) | 반도체 디바이스 및 반도체 디바이스를 제작하기 위한 방법 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20100728 |