CN101784771A - 排气净化装置 - Google Patents

排气净化装置 Download PDF

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CN101784771A
CN101784771A CN200880104541A CN200880104541A CN101784771A CN 101784771 A CN101784771 A CN 101784771A CN 200880104541 A CN200880104541 A CN 200880104541A CN 200880104541 A CN200880104541 A CN 200880104541A CN 101784771 A CN101784771 A CN 101784771A
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selective reduction
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木村昌裕
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Hino Motors Ltd
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
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    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明的课题在于，提供一种在颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的相互之间不发生相对扭曲而能够相对于车辆良好地搭载的排气净化装置。涉及这样构成的一种排气净化装置：颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂由壳体抱持，以各自的入侧端部彼此朝向相同的方向的方式并列配置，具备S字构造的联络流路，该联络流路将从颗粒过滤器的出侧端部排出的排出气体反向折回而导入相邻的选择还原型催化剂的入侧端部，在该联络流路的途中能够由尿素水添加装置添加尿素水，其中，颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体由刚体的板(约束部件)一体地约束。

Description

排气净化装置
技术领域
本发明涉及排气净化装置。
背景技术
近年来，有人提出：在排气管的途中具备捕集排出气体中的颗粒的颗粒过滤器，并且，在该颗粒过滤器的下游侧具备选择还原型催化剂，该选择还原型催化剂即使在氧共存下也能够使NOx选择性地与氨反应，在该选择还原型催化剂和上述颗粒过滤器之间添加作为还原剂的尿素水，谋求颗粒和NOx的同时减低。
在这种情况下，由于在颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂之间进行尿素水向选择还原型催化剂的添加，因而如果想要确保直到排出气体中所添加的尿素水热分解成氨和二氧化碳为止的足够的反应时间，那么，有必要延长从尿素水的添加位置到选择还原型催化剂的距离，但是，如果使颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂隔开足够的距离而分离配置，则显著地破坏向车辆搭载的搭载性。
因此，与本发明相同的申请人已经提出了作为日本专利申请2007-29923的如图1所示的紧凑的排气净化装置，在这里所图示的排气净化装置中，在从柴油发动机1经由排气歧管2而排出的排出气体3所流通的排气管4的途中，颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6分别由壳体7、8抱持且并列配置，颗粒过滤器5捕集排出气体3中的颗粒，选择还原型催化剂6具备在该颗粒过滤器5的下游侧即使在氧共存下也能够使NOx选择性地与氨反应的性质，并且，设置S字构造的联络流路9，联络流路9连接颗粒过滤器5的出侧端部和选择还原型催化剂6的入侧端部之间，而且，在上游侧具备尿素水添加装置10，通过该联络流路9将从颗粒过滤器5的出侧端部排出的排出气体3反向折回并导入相邻的选择还原型催化剂6的入侧端部。
此外，在抱持颗粒过滤器5的壳体7内的前段，装备有对排出气体3中的未燃燃料部分进行氧化处理的氧化催化剂11，另外，在抱持选择还原型催化剂6的壳体8内的后段，装备有对剩余的氨进行氧化处理的氨减低催化剂12。
而且，如果采用这样的构成，那么，由颗粒过滤器5捕集排出气体3中的颗粒，并且，在联络流路9的上游侧，从尿素水添加装置10将尿素水添加到排出气体3中，尿素水分解成氨和二氧化碳，在选择还原型催化剂6上，由氨良好地还原净化排出气体3中的NOx，结果，谋求了排出气体3中的颗粒和NOx的同时减低。
此时，由于从颗粒过滤器5的出侧端部排出的排出气体3被联络流路9反向折回，然后，导入至相邻的选择还原型催化剂6的入侧端部，因而确保了从尿素水添加装置10添加尿素水的位置到选择还原型催化剂6的距离长，并且，通过使排出气体3的流动折回而导致紊流化，谋求了尿素水和排出气体3的混合促进，结果，确保了由尿素水生成氨的足够的反应时间。
而且，由于颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6并列配置，并以沿着这些颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6之间的方式配置联络流路9，因而其整体构成紧凑，大幅地提高了向车辆搭载的搭载性。
此外，作为与本发明相关联的现有技术文献信息，例如，已经存在下述的专利文献1等。
专利文献1：日本特开2005-155404号公报
发明内容
然而，在如此地将作为重量物的颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6并列配置且由S字构造的联络流路9联接的构造中，在向车辆搭载时，在颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的相互之间容易发生相对扭曲，应力有可能集中于将它们连接的联络流路9的联接部或弯曲部等而招致破损。
本发明是鉴于上述实际情况而做出的，其目的在于，提供一种在颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的相互之间不发生相对扭曲而能够相对于车辆良好地搭载的排气净化装置。
本发明是这样构成的一种排气净化装置：颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂由壳体抱持，以各自的入侧端部彼此朝向相同的方向的方式并列配置，其中，该选择还原型催化剂配备在该颗粒过滤器的下游侧，即使在氧共存下也能够使NOx选择性地与氨反应，该排气净化装置具备S字构造的联络流路，该联络流路将从颗粒过滤器的出侧端部排出的排出气体反向折回并导入相邻的选择还原型催化剂的入侧端部，在该联络流路的途中能够添加尿素水，其特征在于，颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体由刚体的约束部件一体地约束。
于是，如果这样的话，那么，颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂由刚体的约束部件经由壳体而一体地约束，并在相互之间不发生相对扭曲，因而在向车辆搭载时，不必担心应力集中于连接颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的联络流路的联接部或弯曲部等而招致破损。
而且，在本发明中，优选颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体的轴心方向的多处由约束部件个别地约束，该各个约束部件彼此也由联接部件联接而一体地约束，另外，优选在由约束部件约束颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体时也一起约束联络流路。
依照上述的本发明的排气净化装置，能够取得如下所述的各种优异效果。
(I)由于颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂由刚体的约束部件经由壳体而一体地约束，能够防止相互之间的相对扭曲，因而能够良好地进行将这些颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂并列配置并由S字构造的联络流路连接的排气净化装置向车辆的搭载，能够将搭载时应力集中于联络流路的联接部或弯曲部等而招致破损的可能性避免于未然。
(II)如果颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体的轴心方向的多处由约束部件个别地约束，该各个约束部件彼此也由联接部件联接而一体地约束，那么，能够更牢固地约束颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂，能够更加可靠地防止相互之间的相对扭曲。
(III)如果在由约束部件约束颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体时也一起约束联络流路，那么，能够更可靠地防止应力向该联络流路的联接部或弯曲部等集中并避免破损。
附图说明
图1是显示现有示例的概略图。
图2是显示本发明的实施例的平面图。
图3是从各个壳体的轴心方向看图2的排气净化装置时的截面图。
图4是显示本发明的另一实施例的平面图。
图5是从各个壳体的轴心方向看图4的排气净化装置时的截面图。
图6是图5的VI-VI方向的向视图。
符号说明
3排出气体
4排气管
5颗粒过滤器
6选择还原型催化剂
7壳体
8壳体
9联络流路
10尿素水添加装置
13板(约束部件)
14托架(约束部件)
16联接部件
具体实施方式
以下，参照本发明的实施例并进行说明。
图2和图3显示了本发明的一个实施例，图2显示了从上方看本实施例的排气净化装置时的平面图，图3显示了从颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的轴心方向看时的截面图。
在这里所图示的示例中，与前述的图1的示例大致相同，排气净化装置构成为：颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6由壳体7、8抱持，以各自的入侧端部彼此朝向相同的方向的方式并列配置，具备S字构造的联络流路9，联络流路9将从颗粒过滤器5的出侧端部排出的排出气体3反向折回而导入相邻的选择还原型催化剂6的入侧端部，在该联络流路9的途中能够由尿素水添加装置10添加尿素水，颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的壳体7、8由刚性的板13(约束部件)一体地约束，从而压住相互之间的相对扭曲。
即，如图2所示，本实施例的颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的壳体7、8成为经由凸缘而装卸自如地紧固壳体7、8的轴心方向的两处的三分割构造，壳体7、8之间的联络流路9的长边部分也成为在相同的位置经由凸缘而装卸自如地紧固的三分割构造。
而且，如在图3中作为一个示例的从轴心方向看一方的分割位置时的截面图所示，上述板13在该分割位置与颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的壳体7、8的凸缘的上侧部分重叠，而且，与联络流路9的凸缘的下侧部分重叠，在每个重叠处由凸缘紧固用的螺栓拧紧在一起。
于是，如果这样的话，那么，由刚体的板13一体地约束颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的壳体7、8，能够防止相互之间的相对扭曲，因而能够良好地进行将这些颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6并列配置并由S字构造的联络流路9连接的排气净化装置向车辆的搭载，能够将搭载时应力集中于联络流路9的联接部或弯曲部等而招致破损的可能性避免于未然。
另外，由于颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的壳体7、8的轴心方向的多处由板13个别地约束，因而能够更牢固地约束颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6，能够更加可靠地防止相互之间的相对扭曲，而且，由于在板13约束颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6时也一起约束联络流路9，因而能够更可靠地防止应力向该联络流路9的联接部或弯曲部等集中并避免破损。
图4～图6显示了本发明的另一实施例，在本实施例中，采用了沿颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的排列方向(相对于它们的轴心而正交的方向)延伸的一对托架14(约束部件)，以代替上述的图2和图3的板13，在这些各个托架14的下面经由安装件15而固定颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的各自的凸缘的上侧部分，并且，这些各个托架14彼此也由沿颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的轴心方向延伸的联接部件16联接而一体地约束。
在此，如图6中放大显示，上述托架14具有倒帽形的截面，在该槽形的底部经由紧固件而安装有L字形的截面的安装件15，该安装件15的下端部与颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的各自的凸缘的上侧部分重叠，在各个重叠处由凸缘紧固用的螺栓拧紧在一起。
另外，如图5所示，上述托架14的一个端部向下弯曲成L字状，通过将该部分安装在车辆的框架17的外侧面，从而还能够作为排气净化装置的支撑部件而起作用。
于是，在这样的情况下，颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6由刚体的托架14经由壳体7、8而一体地约束，也能够防止相互之间的相对扭曲，因而能够良好地进行将这些颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6并列配置并由S字构造的联络流路9连接的排气净化装置向车辆的搭载，能够将搭载时应力集中于联络流路9的联接部或弯曲部等而招致破损的可能性避免于未然。
另外，由于颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6的壳体7、8的轴心方向的多处由托架14个别地约束，该各个托架14彼此还由联接部件16联接而一体地约束，因而能够更牢固地约束颗粒过滤器5和选择还原型催化剂6，能够更加可靠地防止相互之间的相对扭曲。
此外，本发明的排气净化装置并不仅限定于上述的实施例，当然能够在不脱离本发明的要旨的范围内添加各种变更。

Claims (4)

1.一种排气净化装置，构成为：颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂由壳体抱持，以各自的入侧端部彼此朝向相同的方向的方式并列配置，其中，该选择还原型催化剂配备在该颗粒过滤器的下游侧，即使在氧共存下也能够使NOx选择性地与氨反应，该排气净化装置具备S字构造的联络流路，该联络流路将从颗粒过滤器的出侧端部排出的排出气体反向折回并导入相邻的选择还原型催化剂的入侧端部，在该联络流路的途中能够添加尿素水，其特征在于，颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体由刚体的约束部件一体地约束。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气净化装置，其特征在于，颗粒过滤器和选择还原型催化剂的壳体的轴心方向的多处由约束部件个别地约束，该各个约束部件彼此也由联接部件联接而一体地约束。
3.根据权利要求1所述的排气净化装置，其特征在于，约束部件还一起约束联络流路。
4.根据权利要求2所述的排气净化装置，其特征在于，约束部件还一起约束联络流路。
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