The specific embodiment
Be described in further detail of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and application examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite feed additive for the control liver and gall syndrome of fish, (weight ratio is 1: 0.3-3) 1.50 kilograms, 1.00 kilograms of mixed preparing of montmorillonite form by 1.75 kilograms of 50% Choline Chlorides, 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, 0.50 kilogram in green tea powder, insect chitin and albumen selenium.Vitamin content guarantees composite feed additive V in the vitamin premix
AThe every kilograms of product of content is no less than 800,000 IU, V
EBe no less than 2.5 ten thousand IU, V
CBe no less than 60mg/kg (30%V
CPhosphate).
The preparation method carries out as follows:
(1) taking by weighing 1.50 kilograms on insect chitin and albumen selenium mixes with 1.00 kilograms of montmorillonites;
(2) take by weighing 0.50 kilogram in green tea powder, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(3) take by weighing 1.75 kilograms of 50% Choline Chlorides, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(4) take by weighing 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(5) packing, sealing, the shady and cool preservation of ventilation.
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite feed additive for the control liver and gall syndrome of fish, by 1.60 kilograms of Choline Chlorides, 0.15 kilogram of methionine, 1.50 kilograms of mixed preparing of 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, 0.50 kilogram in green tea powder, insect chitin and albumen selenium (weight ratio is 1: 1) form.Vitamin content guarantees composite feed additive V in the vitamin premix
AThe every kilograms of product of content is no less than 800,000 IU, V
EBe no less than 2.5 ten thousand IU, V
CBe no less than 60mg/kg (30%V
CPhosphate).
The preparation method carries out as follows:
(1) takes by weighing 1.50 kilograms on insect chitin and albumen selenium;
(2) take by weighing 0.50 kilogram in green tea powder, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(3) take by weighing 1.60 kilograms of 50% Choline Chlorides, 0.15 kilogram of methionine, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(4) take by weighing 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(5) preserve packing, sealing, ventilating and cooling place.
Embodiment 3
A kind of composite feed additive for the control liver and gall syndrome of fish, by 1.50 kilograms of Choline Chlorides, 0.15 kilogram of betaine, 0.10 kilogram of methionine, 1.50 kilograms of mixed preparing of 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, 0.50 kilogram in green tea powder, insect chitin and albumen selenium (the two weight ratio is 1: 2) form.Vitamin content guarantees composite feed additive V in the vitamin premix
AThe every kilograms of product of content is no less than 800,000 IU, V
EBe no less than 2.5 ten thousand IU, V
CBe no less than 60mg/kg (30%V
CPhosphate).
The preparation method carries out as follows:
(1) takes by weighing 1.50 kilograms on insect chitin and albumen selenium;
(2) take by weighing 0.50 kilogram in green tea powder, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(3) take by weighing 1.50 kilograms of 50% Choline Chlorides, 0.15 kilogram of betaine, 0.10 kilogram of methionine, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(4) take by weighing 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(5) preserve packing, sealing, ventilating and cooling place.
Embodiment 4
The composite feed additive that is used for the control liver and gall syndrome of fish, by 1.50 kilograms of Choline Chlorides, 0.15 kilogram of betaine, 0.10 kilogram of methionine, 0.05 kilogram of photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus pre-mixing agent, 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, 0.45 kilogram in green tea powder, insect chitin and 1.50 kilograms of mixed preparing of albumen selenium form.Vitamin content guarantees composite feed additive V in the vitamin premix
AEvery kilograms of product 60-80 ten thousand IU of content, V
E2-2.5 ten thousand IU, V
C40-60mg/kg (30%V
CPhosphate).
The preparation method carries out as follows:
(1) takes by weighing 1.50 kilograms on insect chitin and albumen selenium;
(2) take by weighing 0.45 kilogram in green tea powder, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(3) take by weighing 1.50 kilograms of 50% Choline Chlorides, 0.15 kilogram of betaine, 0.10 kilogram of methionine, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(4) take by weighing 0.05 kilogram of photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus pre-mixing agent, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(5) take by weighing 0.25 kilogram of anti-oxidant type vitamin premix, add in the above-mentioned material and mix;
(6) preserve packing, sealing, ventilating and cooling place.
Application examples 1 additive of the present invention is used for preventing the grass carp liver and gall syndrome
By adding different additive, Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus and liver and gall syndrome prevention effect are studied.Be that protein sources is mixed with 28.4% crude protein pellet with fish meal, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, take this feed as control group, experimental group is to add different additives in control group, it is formulated that the additive that experiment I group is added is pressed embodiment 3 methods, test the II group and add allicin (25% content) 0.01%+0.1% multidimensional, the probiotics (1,000 ten thousand every grams of bacillus subtilis) of experiment III group interpolation 1%+0.1% multidimensional.Experiment grass carp average weight (49.2 ± 1.2) g.Select health, active grass carp 100 tails to put in a suitable place to breed in 1m * 1m * 1m net cage, in order to control moss, put the Plagiognathops microlepis about 5 tail 50g in each net cage, each feed group is established 3 repetitions, totally 12 net cages.Result of the test is as follows:
Achievement data X ± SD is respectively organized in table 1 experiment; N=3
The result shows by table 1, adopts feed addictive of the present invention can obviously reduce liver body ratio, effectively prevents the generation of grass carp fatty liver.
Application examples 2 additives of the present invention are used for preventing the crayfish hemorrhage to improve survival rate
By adding different additive, crayfish growth and liver and gall syndrome prevention effect are studied.Be primary raw material with fish meal, dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, Cottonseed Meal, blood meal, feather meal, full-fat bean, silkworm chrysalis (degreasing), digested tankage etc., and necessary vitamin, mineral matter and the adhesive of interpolation, raw material was through pulverizing 40 mesh sieves, make the particle of diameter 3.0mm after mixing with Flat die cuber, prepare basal diet with this; The selection vigor is good, neat specification shrimp seedling, specification 4-6 centimetre (about 220 tails/kg), every net cage 10 meter 2 (long 5 meters * wide 2 meters * dark 1.5 meters) is put 130 tails, and 12 net cages are divided into 4 group 1,2,3 and 4, and every processed group is divided into 3 repetitions (net cage).Experimental design is as follows: experimental group is to add different additives in basal diet, and the additive that test I group is added is formulated by the embodiment of the invention 4 methods, tests the 2 groups of basal diet of feeding+probiotic 200mg/kg; Test the 3 groups of basal diet of feeding+garlic dry powder 1.0%; Test 4 groups of basal diets of feeding+probiotic 200mg/kg+ garlic dry powder 1.0%.
Result of the test is as follows:
Table 2 DIFFERENT FEED additive is on the impact of Ke Shi crayfish growth performance
Annotate: represent significant differences (P<0.05=, alphabetical identical table differential is different not remarkable, as follows) with the female difference of the right shoulder marking-up of data line in the table.
As shown in Table 2, adopt feed addictive of the present invention can obviously improve the immunity of crayfish, improve its survival rate.
Application examples 3 additives of the present invention are used for preventing the swamp eel liver and gall syndrome
Swamp eel is to the rarely seen report of the requirement of choline in the feed.Chen Fang (2004) etc. add content of choline when being 0,0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%, 1.5% and 2.0% (being mass fraction) in mixed feed, swamp eel places cement pit (2m*6m*0.8m) to raise, and test period is 90d.The result shows, along with the increase of content of choline in the feed, the growth of swamp eel is accelerated, and feed coefficient reduces, and liver body index reduces; When the choline addition was 0.8%~1.2% in the feed, the growth rate of swamp eel was the highest, and feed coefficient is minimum, and liver body index, hepatic fat content are less, with substantially approaching with the effect of animal feed cultivation.This addition that shows choline in the ricefield el fodder should not be less than 0.8%, is advisable with 0.8%~1.2%.This test makes the test daily ration be added with respectively 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.6% choline take the additive of inventive embodiments 1 method preparation as raw material.The result take individual weight gain, the feed coefficient of 2.5% level, fish for income, improve meat quality as best; Present best result but add 1.25% pair of main digestive organs liver of swamp eel, courage, pancreas, spleen gross weight and itself and weight ratio, become eel liver body index minimum.
Monopterus has the stomach fish, and enteron aisle is short, and feed time of staying in alimentary canal is relatively less and straight, is a typical predacious fish, and it is high to the protein digestibility in the feed that its digestive enzyme vigor size demonstrates swamp eel.Therefore, swamp eel is with higher enzyme activity (protease) the strong digestion power of food to be remedied alimentary canal shorter not enough (Yang Daiqin, 1997) to the adaptability of food digestion ability.This test has not only been added general aquatic products complex enzyme in each group, and also relatively having added 0.4% the hay bacillus preparation with protein stimulatory digestive enzyme activity (trade name: group prosperous) 3 groups of examinations, it is compared individual average end than 6 groups of the examinations of other equal factor setting and brings up again high by 2.45% (P<0.05), every net weightening finish multiple, feed coefficient, survival rate, the cooking loss rate effect that all improves significantly; Because the digestive ferment protein stimulatory that other mends is digested and assimilated effect, try 3 groups of liver and gall pancreas spleen gross weights of trying 6 groups and further descended 16.1% with itself and weight ratio, avoid occurring the liver and gall syndrome situation.
Application examples 4 additives of the present invention are used for Yu Fang Channel-catfish fish liver and gall syndrome
Take fish meal, dregs of beans as protein sources, feed such as energy such as grade with 5 different protein levels of refs3000 software preparation, protein level is respectively 24%, 28%, 32%, 36%, 40%, wherein the 6th group of additive (4%) that adds by the preparation of the embodiment of the invention 2 methods.Raw material is through crushing screening, and weighing by prescription mixes, and being squeezed into diameter is the particle dry for standby of 2.0mm.Test fish channel catfish average weight (7.10 ± 0.19) g.Select health, active channel catfish to put in a suitable place to breed at random at outdoor diameter 1.2m, dark 0.6m circular glass and lack in the pond, every pond 20 tails, each feed group is established 3 repetitions.The test fish raised and train for 1 week, then began the test feed of throwing something and feeding, and a day feeding volume is 2.5%~4.0% of body weight.Result of the test is as follows:
Table 3 dietary protein level is on the impact of channel catfish growth, feed conversion
Annotate: colleague's different letter representation significant differences (P<0.05) in the table
By table 3 result as can be known, liver body ratio is along with the rising of dietary protein level is on a declining curve, when dietary protein level is 24%, 40% between two groups liver body ratio significant difference is arranged, but dietary protein level is when being 28%, 32%, 36%, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between each group; The 6th group because adding 4% additive of the present invention, and its survival rate reaches remarkable improvement with the liver body than all, and is with 1 group of significant difference, not remarkable with 6 groups of differences.
Liver and gall syndrome is the frequently-occurring disease of in recent years propagating fish artificially, and cure rate is very low, and the cause of disease is relevant with nutrition, and its obvious symptom is exactly that liver is bigger than normal, and therefore the liver body is an important indicator than also in the feed formula screening.This result of the test shows, under identical raising condition, increase along with dietary protein level, channel catfish juvenile fish liver body is than on a declining curve, when dietary protein level is 24%, 40% between two raising groups the liver body than there were significant differences, but can significantly improve the liver body ratio increase that causes because protein level is not enough after adding additive of the present invention, can effectively prevent the liver and gall syndrome of channel catfishes.
Application examples 5 additives of the present invention are used for preventing the crucian liver and gall syndrome
Notebook data is test result applying in actual production, according to protein level test preparation material I, testing material II, testing material III and 4 groups of testing material IV (control group) feed, its separately crude protein level be 26%, 28%, 30%, 26%, lysine content is followed successively by 1.04%, 1.15%, 1.28%, 1.04%; Methionine content is respectively 0.41%, 0.43%, 0.46%, 0.41%; Egg+cystine is respectively 0.93%, 0.97%, 1.02%, 0.93%; Other conventional nutritive index is substantially suitable, but testing material IV has added the additive (4%) of the embodiment of the invention 4 methods preparations.Test fish pond area 2000m
2-8600m
2, depth of water 1.5m-2.5m has abundant water resources, and row irrigation is convenient, traffic convenience.1 (0.53hm of Yield Fish Culture Ponds every mouthful of outfit 3kW water-spraying oxygen-increasing machine
22 of above usefulness) and 1 of 0.09kW device for feeding fish bait.Test divides 4 groups, every group of 3 repetitions, totally 12 test pool mouths.Carry out crucian after extend trial finishes and fish for and weigh, calculate the relatively analyses such as weightening finish between feed coefficient, liver body ratio, group, survival rate.Result of the test is as follows:
Three kinds of testing materials of table 4 are to raising together with fish culture influential effect effect
As can be seen from Table 4, culture efficiency is from survival rate, total output, liver body 4 indexs of feed coefficient when, and testing material III, IV group significantly is better than testing material I group, testing material III, IV group is better than testing material II group, but not remarkable.Thus explanation, raising along with dietary protein level and amino acid levels, the crucian production performance is significantly increased, add additive testing material IV of the present invention and can improve survival rate, total output and feed coefficient, especially significantly reduce liver body ratio, thus control crucian generation liver and gall syndrome in the reality cultivation is had remarkable result
Therefore additive of the present invention both can have been prevented and treated the liver and gall syndrome of main fish, can prevent and treat again the hemorrhage of part aquatic animal such as shrimp, can improve various fish immunity power, improved its production performance.The raw material sources that the present invention selects are extensive, and market is easily purchased; Preparation technology is simple; Easy to use, have environmental protection, improve Effects of Water Quality, can not cause any hazard residue.
Above-mentionedly with reference to embodiment this is prevented and treated the liver and gall syndrome of main fish, the hemorrhage of shrimp; improve the detailed description that the feed addictive of various fish immunity power and production performance carries out; illustrative rather than determinate; can list several embodiment according to institute's limited range; in the variation and the modification that do not break away under the overall conception of the present invention, should belong within the scope that the present invention protects thus.