Solar energy integration buildinghouse
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of residential houses, particularly a kind of house that utilizes solar heating.
Background technology
China's solar energy resources is abundant, but in grange and separate house, use very few.In recent years, society is to the ecological environment pay attention to day by day, country is to the building energy conservation various policies that also release one after another, and issued " regenerative resource method ", yet these policies and rules produce little effect at farm dwelling and separate house field, it is more that heliotechnics is used in the monomer dwelling house is solar water heater, and other heliotechnics are then used very few.Still warm oneself by bavin firewood and coal briquette in the rural area greatly at present, not only consume ample resources but also contaminated environment, and mostly separate house is to come heating or cooling by air-conditioning, consume a large amount of electric energy, and along with the carrying out and a large amount of rises of separate house of new countryside construction, the solar energy integrated technology of development monomer dwelling house is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of solar energy integration buildinghouse,, solve that existing monomer house energy consumption is excessive, the problem of the wasting of resources to promote the application of heliotechnics in the monomer dwelling house.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of solar energy integration buildinghouse is enclosed the interior space by indoor floor, body of wall, door and window, roof panel, and solar energy air heat collector is installed on the roof panel, it is characterized in that:
The pebble heat storage layer is arranged below the described indoor floor, the grid orifice plate is arranged below the pebble heat storage layer, be equipped with the boulder bed air channel between grid orifice plate and the ground, one side in boulder bed air channel is communicated with the air intake of being located at the house wall root, the air outlet of another body of wall root of the opposite side in boulder bed air channel and house is communicated with, described air intake place has can close blinds, and there is induced draft fan at the air outlet place; The gas outlet of described solar energy air heat collector is communicated with the boulder bed air channel by ajutage, and the air inlet port of solar energy air heat collector is communicated with discharge pipe, and the upper end of ajutage and discharge pipe protrudes from the roof, and it is indoor that the lower end of discharge pipe extends to the house.
The sunny side in house is provided with sunspace, is equipped with phase-change material on the wall of the sunspace both sides in sunspace, and the sunspace top is provided with solar panel, and solar panel is powered to induced draft fan, and the bedroom is positioned at the house sunny side.
Described grid orifice plate is concrete grid orifice plate or steel grating grate; Described boulder bed air channel is by placing ground parapet to be divided into snakelike or S shape; Described parapet is brick parapet or concrete dwarf wall; The place, gas outlet or the ajutage place of described solar energy air heat collector are provided with ventilator.
There is solar energy kang the body of wall inboard in described bedroom, the a heatable brick bed platform is made up of a heatable brick bed plate and a heatable brick bed wall, in a heatable brick bed platform flue of a kang is arranged, heap has cobble in the described flue of a kang, the a heatable brick bed platform is near an indoor side of the sunny side body of wall in house, and described sunny side body of wall has at least one flue of a kang window, glazed on the flue of a kang window in the position of corresponding a heatable brick bed platform, flue of a kang window is hinged with outstanding baffle plate down on the base, the inboard of following outstanding baffle plate is fixed with the thermal insulation layer.Be covered with the ground insulating layer below the described cobble, be covered with reflector layer on the described thermal insulation layer.
The sunny side wall outer side in described house hangs with dull and stereotyped air collector, dull and stereotyped air collector comprises a Yurisangja that vertically is connected the sealing in the wall outside, south, house, have two Yurisangja holes up and down at the front surface of Yurisangja, in the Yurisangja back, the sunny side wall outer side scribbles dark coating and have two body of wall holes up and down.
But roof, described house is provided with the phase-transition heat-storage skylight of open and close, phase-transition heat-storage skylight comprises the window frame that is loaded on the roof panel hole and is bumped into the glass of window frame, described roof panel hole back limit portion is connected with the high abutment wall of a window, sunny side limit, roof panel hole portion connects clerestory and skylight, top, enclose the roof sunspace by abutment wall, clerestory and skylight, top, the roof panel hole back one side can be opened the accumulation of heat cover plate along being hinged with, and the soffit that can open the accumulation of heat cover plate can be covered with heat insulating material.
The described soffit of opening the accumulation of heat cover plate can be covered with heat insulating material and phase-change material successively; Described phase-change material is inorganic phase-changing material, organic phase change material or composite phase-change material; Described heat insulating material is foam type heat insulating material, composite silicate thermal insulation material, Calcium silicate insulation heat insulating material or cellulosic heat insulating material; The described glass that is bumped into window frame is hollow pair glass or single-glass.
The described interior space has parlor, bedroom, kitchen, storeroom, livestock circle and army provisions warehouse, and kitchen, storeroom and army provisions warehouse are positioned at the north side, house, and the livestock circle is positioned at the southern side, house and near the bedroom, the parlor places in the middle of the house and near sunspace.
Above-mentioned various conservation measuress can go out different technical schemes by any independent assortment when the design house.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect:
The present invention is a kind of integrated house of solar energy, on the building integral layout, has started the mentality of designing of the function distribution of building in conjunction with the temperature subregion, and assistance building is arranged in cardinal wind orientation in winter, as the air cushioning space, plays the effect of temperature buffer; In the building unit design, promoted solar building integrated connotation, heliotechnics is combined with the function of building unit, as opening and closing and phase change heat storage material combination, invented the solar heating skylight with the skylight; In the architecture heating system design, invented new heating system, daytime, the hot blast with air collector was stored in the cobble through the air channel, and extract the heat in the cobble out night with blower fan, be discharged into heating in the room.
The present invention is a kind of environmental protection, energy-conservation, comfortable dwelling house, and premises has been used multiple heliotechnics and come to be indoor heating and natural ventilation, need not to adopt civil power, and has the following advantages:
1. because solar energy resources is inexhaustible, the consumption of conventional energy resource has been saved in the utilization of heliotechnics greatly.
2. the employing of heliotechnics has reduced the consumption of bavin firewood or coal, has reduced emission amount of carbon dioxide, the protection environment.
3. the utilization of heliotechnics has realized no mechanokinetic natural ventilation, makes room air pure and fresh more naturally, increases the comfort level of living.
4. enforcement of the present invention can be deepened the understanding of people to heliotechnics, cultivates people's ecological energy-saving theory.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the distribution schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention interior space.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of pebble heat storage system.
Fig. 4 is the layout schematic diagram of pebble heat storage layer.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of sunspace thermal-arrest in winter.
Fig. 6 is a sunspace heat insulation schematic diagram in summer.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of heat-storage skylight.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the dull and stereotyped air collector of house sunny side body of wall.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of solar energy pebble heat storage a heatable brick bed.
Reference numeral: 1-solar energy air heat collector, 2-ajutage, 3-discharge pipe, 4-boulder bed air channel, 5-grid orifice plate, 6-pebble heat storage layer, 7-indoor floor, 8-air intake, 9-air outlet, 10-can close blinds;
Outstanding baffle plate, 17-thermal insulation layer, 18-reflector layer, 19-ground insulating layer under 11-a heatable brick bed plate, 12-a heatable brick bed group, 13-cobble, the 14-flue of a kang, 15-flue of a kang window, the 16-;
The 20a-clerestory, 20b-pushes up the skylight, 21-can open the accumulation of heat cover plate, the 22-heat insulating material, the 23-phase-change material, the 24-abutment wall, the 25-roof panel, the 26-parlor, the 27-bedroom, the 28-kitchen, the 29-storeroom, 30-livestock circle, the 31-sunspace, the 32-solar panel, the dull and stereotyped air collector of 33-, the 34-Yurisangja, 35-Yurisangja hole, 36-body of wall hole, the dark coating of 37-, 38-army provisions warehouse, the 39-abat vent, the 40-induced draft fan, the 41-ventilator, 42-ground, the 43-parapet, 44-sunny side body of wall, the 45-buttress.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment is referring to Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, and this solar energy integration buildinghouse is enclosed the interior space by indoor floor, body of wall, door and window, roof panel, on the roof panel 25 solar energy air heat collector is installed.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, below the described indoor floor 7 pebble heat storage layer 6 is arranged, grid orifice plate 5 is arranged below the pebble heat storage layer 6, be equipped with boulder bed air channel 4 between grid orifice plate 5 and the ground 42, one side in boulder bed air channel 4 is communicated with the air intake 8 of being located at the house wall root, the air outlet 9 of another body of wall root of the opposite side in boulder bed air channel and house is communicated with, and described air intake 8 places have can close blinds 10, and there is induced draft fan 40 at air outlet 9 places; The gas outlet of described solar energy air heat collector 1 is communicated with boulder bed air channel 4 by ajutage 2, and the air inlet port of solar energy air heat collector 1 is communicated with discharge pipe 3, and the upper end of ajutage 2 and discharge pipe 3 protrudes from the roof, and it is indoor that the lower end of discharge pipe 3 extends to the house.Described grid orifice plate 5 is concrete grid orifice plate or steel grating grate, and the grid orifice plate is placed on the buttress 45; Described boulder bed air channel 4 is by placing the parapet 43 on the ground 42 to be divided into snakelike or S shape; Described parapet 43 is brick parapet or concrete dwarf wall; The place, gas outlet or ajutage 2 places of described solar energy air heat collector 1 are provided with ventilator 41.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the sunny side in institute house is provided with sunspace 31, be equipped with phase-change material on the wall of the sunspace both sides in sunspace, the sunspace top is provided with solar panel 32, solar panel 32 is to induced draft fan and ventilator power supply, and bedroom 27 is positioned at the house sunny side.The described interior space has parlor 26, bedroom 27, kitchen 28, storeroom 29, livestock circle 30 and army provisions warehouse 38, kitchen 28, storeroom 29 and army provisions warehouse 38 are positioned at the north side, house, livestock circle 30 is positioned at the southern side, house and near bedroom 27, parlor 26 places in the middle of the house and near sunspace 31.
Referring to Fig. 9, there is solar energy kang the body of wall inboard in described bedroom, the a heatable brick bed platform is made up of a heatable brick bed plate 11 and a heatable brick bed group 12, the flue of a kang 14 is arranged in a heatable brick bed platform, and heap has cobble 13 in the described flue of a kang 14, and a heatable brick bed platform is near an indoor side of the sunny side body of wall 44 in house, described sunny side body of wall 44 has at least one flue of a kang window 15 in the position of corresponding a heatable brick bed platform, glazed on the flue of a kang window, flue of a kang window are hinged with outstanding baffle plate 16 down on the base, the inboard of following outstanding baffle plate 16 is fixed with thermal insulation layer 17.Be covered with ground insulating layer 19 below the described cobble 13, be covered with reflector layer 18 on the described thermal insulation layer 17.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 8, the sunny side wall outer side in house hangs with dull and stereotyped air collector 33, dull and stereotyped air collector 33 comprises a Yurisangja 34 that vertically is connected the sealing in the wall outside, south, house, have two Yurisangja holes 35 up and down at the front surface of Yurisangja, in the Yurisangja back, the sunny side wall outer side scribbles dark coating 37 and have two body of wall holes 36 up and down.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 7, but roof, described house is provided with the phase-transition heat-storage skylight of open and close, phase-transition heat-storage skylight comprises the window frame that is loaded on the roof panel hole and is bumped into the glass of window frame, described roof panel hole back limit portion is connected with the high abutment wall of a window 24, sunny side limit, roof panel hole portion connects clerestory 20a and top skylight 20b, enclose the roof sunspace by abutment wall 24, clerestory 20a and top skylight 20b, the roof panel hole back one side can be opened accumulation of heat cover plate 21 along being hinged with, and the soffit that can open the accumulation of heat cover plate is covered with heat insulating material 22 and phase-change material 23 successively; Described phase-change material 23 is inorganic phase-changing material, organic phase change material or composite phase-change material; Described heat insulating material 22 is foam type heat insulating material, composite silicate thermal insulation material, Calcium silicate insulation heat insulating material or cellulosic heat insulating material; The described glass that is bumped into window frame is hollow pair glass or single-glass.
In the present embodiment, on the function distribution in house, with the assistance building of storeroom, livestock circle or kitchen one class with less importantly be placed on west side and north side, serve as the air cushioning layer, form an excessive temperature area with the room.The main life of bedroom, parlor one class is arranged on the southern side with the room, and arranges, so that the heat of sunspace is penetrated into wherein around sunspace.Its technical characterictic is that less important room is arranged on winter cardinal wind one side serves as the air cushioning layer.
The heat-collection and heat-accumulation system is set in the present embodiment.At roofing the vacuum pipe solar air collector is set, boulder bed is set, solar energy air heat collector and boulder bed are coupled together, form a system with vertical pipe well at underground.Except heat collector and boulder bed, also comprise in this system: solar energy blower fan, boulder bed lower air duct, floor register, ground air intake.Drive blower fan with the solar panel that is installed in the sunspace top, send in the boulder bed hot air in the air collector and storage; Treat that the air outlet of heat at night by ground flows in the room.
In civil engineering, lay S shape or snakelike boulder bed air channel once on ground.On the boulder bed air channel, lay concrete or steel grating grate, on concrete or steel grating grate, lay boulder bed, be used for accumulation of heat.At the two ends in boulder bed air channel two air ports are set respectively, an installation induced draft fan, as the boulder bed air outlet, another installation can be closed blinds, as the boulder bed air intake.In the bedroom and inherence, parlor is provided with vertical ajutage away from an end of boulder bed air outlet, and the bottom links to each other with the boulder bed air channel, and roofing is stretched out on the top, leaves the hole in the side.The position far away at roofing and boulder bed air outlet corresponding position sets out airduct, and the bottom is communicated with indoor top board, and roofing is stretched out on the top, leaves the hole in the side.At roofing solar energy air heat collector is installed, is linked to each other with the reservation hole of ajutage, discharge pipe with ventilator with pipeline.So far formed pebble heat storage heating system, opened ventilator daytime, closed the closed blinds of boulder bed air intake, the pebble heat storage system brings into operation, with storage of solar energy in the pebble heat storage layer.Close ventilator night, open the induced draft fan of boulder bed air outlet and the closed blinds of boulder bed air intake, cobble heat release system brings into operation, and the heat that is stored in the pebble heat storage layer is delivered to the indoor heating of carrying out.
In indoor, southern side, bedroom the cobble a heatable brick bed is set, promptly below common a heatable brick bed plate, stack cobble, and on body of wall, punch, and hole place is provided with baffle plate, lays polyphenyl or other heat insulating materials on baffle plate, becomes the thermal insulation layer, on surface layer, lay reflectorized material then, become reflector layer.Open baffle plate daytime, outdoor sunlight passes through the reflected illumination of hole direct projection and baffle plate on riprap, and heat is stored in the cobble heap; Night, close baffle plate, because heat insulating material is arranged, the heat of cobble heap can be to not escaping mistake, heat rises and heats a heatable brick bed plate.The a heatable brick bed plate is stacked down cobble, punches on body of wall and baffle plate is set, and lays heat insulating material and reflectorized material on the baffle plate.
The glass in clerestory, skylight, top adopts hollow glass.The axle that revolves that can open the accumulation of heat cover plate is installed in the position of bottom, skylight near the north side abutment wall.Lay heat insulating material earlier in the heat accumulation plate bottom surface and re-lay phase-change material.Open heat accumulation plate daytime, sunlight is penetrated direct projection to phase-change material, and heat is stored in wherein.Close heat accumulation plate night, phase-change material begins release heat, and downward radiation is warmed oneself to indoor.
In the bedroom, lay phase-change material on the wall of next-door neighbour's sunspace both sides, sunspace both sides body of wall is a thermal storage wall, when nighttime temperature descends, reject heat to the indoor heating of carrying out because outdoor solar radiation and the temperature in the sunspace raise and storage power body of wall daytime; Solar panel is installed at the sunspace top, link to each other with ventilator, induced draft fan with circuit, with generate electricity and be used for the driving of blower fan.The required electric energy that throws light on is also provided by solar panel.
The dull and stereotyped air collector that is arranged at southern metope is opened hole on the wall in the winter time daytime, heat collector external surface hole is closed, hot air is heated in heat collector after hole, body of wall top flows to indoor, indoor cold air enters heat collector through hole, body of wall bottom and heats, and so forth circulation.Above-mentioned various conservation measuress can go out different technical schemes by any independent assortment when the design house.