CN104294924B - Solar energy can be derived from maintenance building with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change - Google Patents
Solar energy can be derived from maintenance building with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change Download PDFInfo
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- CN104294924B CN104294924B CN201410527469.0A CN201410527469A CN104294924B CN 104294924 B CN104294924 B CN 104294924B CN 201410527469 A CN201410527469 A CN 201410527469A CN 104294924 B CN104294924 B CN 104294924B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of solar energy and maintain building, including the solar energy system on phase transformation house and roof with being derived from of the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change.Phase transformation sleeve pipe it is embedded with in the concrete floor in phase transformation house, it is provided with phase-change material in phase transformation sleeve pipe, many phase transformation sleeve pipes are horizontally disposed with composition phase-change material layers, and described phase-change material is the eutectic mixture of inorganic phase-changing material, organic phase change material or organic phase change material；Being provided with ventilating layer between concrete floor and ground, ventilating layer is identical with outdoor air by vent window, and the hole that concrete floor is arranged communicates with ventilating layer.Solar thermal collector forms a complete solar water heating system closed circuit by pipeline with phase transformation sleeve pipe.The present invention can use across season, and winter is heat supply in house by solar energy system, and summer is to lower the temperature in house by gravity-flow ventilation, stablizes indoor thermal environment by phase-change material, farthest utilizes regenerative resource, decrease building energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of residential houses, particularly to a kind of solar energy techniques and energy storage materials of phase change Integrated design and
The realization heating of application can be derived from the house of maintenance.Belong to green building and field of renewable energy resource utilization.
Background technology
In recent years, entire society is more and more higher to ecological and energy-conservation attention degree, and country also releases one after another a series of policy
Energy conservation, one of emphasis therein is instructed to be exactly building energy conservation with regulation.China is populous, and Habitation form is the most multiple
Various, although the Development of Urbanization of China is being carried out with speed faster in recent years always, most cities and town dweller are
Entrance residential quarters live, but vast rural areas and region, urban still suffer from large number of form relatively easy,
The separate house that energy consumption level is higher.In order to alleviate energy problem, country promulgated " Renewable Energy Law " in 2006,
Advocate the utilization of regenerative resource, but these regulations and policy are produced effects in the separate house field in either rural area or city
Little, how to improve the energy resource structure in separate house field, increase the proportion of wherein regenerative resource be one merit attention and
The problem of research.
Regenerative resource includes solar energy, wind energy, hydraulic energy, tide energy etc., for relative China, to the sun among these
The utilization of energy has bigger advantage.First, China region is vast, and weather and environment are the most varied, and solar energy does not has ground
The restriction in territory, no matter ocean, land or high mountain island are the most all, and can directly utilize, and need not exploit and transport.Its
Secondary, solar energy is one of energy of cleaning most, and in today that environmental problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, clean energy resource is the most valuable.Again,
The energy that the sun is contained is huge, and the solar energy total amount reaching the earth in a year converts into standard coal about 1.892 × 101,600,000,000 tons, can
To say being inexhaustible.
The solar energy resources of China relatively horn of plenty, but utilize form the most single, especially in vast rural area and part
The independent building field of urban area, its main utilization ways is still to use solar water heater to provide domestic hot-water.Along with
Solar utilization technique is the most perfect with architecture-integral technology, and the application of solar thermal collector is not limited solely to provide
This is single functionally for domestic hot-water, dives heating, freeze, dry and also having in other commercial Application the biggest utilization
Power.
Distribution of solar energy is extensive, but by round the clock, the natural cause such as season and geographic latitude is limited and fine day, cloudy, cloudy
The impact of the random factors such as rain even haze, solar energy has very big unstability.In order to make solar energy become continuous, stable
The energy, all kinds of energy accumulating techniques is preferred option, and among these with phase-change material energy storage technology in building solar application
In most advantage, embody a concentrated reflection of following some: first, all kinds of phase-change materials can absorb in phase transition process or discharge phase transformation
Latent heat, its heat is much greater relative to sensible heat heat.For house, thus can save space, reduce
Cost.Secondly, while phase transition process is carried out, the temperature of material self almost remains unchanged or changes less, forms one
Wide temperature platform, maintenance temperature constant is had great significance by this.Again, phase-change material huge number, different materials
Material has different physical propertys, function and requirement can be used for a certain type house to select according to it.Finally,
Phase-change material is that a kind of heat storage capacity is strong, the material that thermal inertia is big, and it applies in house building enclosure as construction material,
Obvious to temperature action in equalization chamber, on the basis of energy-conservation, improve indoor thermal environment so that build more livable simultaneously.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. ZL201210169219.5 discloses and a kind of is made up of palmitic acid, myristic acid, paraffin
Solar energy phase transition energy-storage composite material.This phase-change energy-storage composite material is additive-free, and latent heat of phase change is big, and amount of stored heat is high.Its heat absorption
Peak is at 46-50 DEG C, and exothermic peak is at about 44 DEG C.For floor panel heating, this phase-change energy-storage composite material is filled in storage
In hot tank, being arranged between solar water heater and boiler by heat storage can, when reducing at night or ambient temperature, phase transformation is multiple
Condensation material curing exotherm, thus can continue to provide the hot water of required about 40 DEG C to ensure that heating is normally entered to floor panel heating device
OK.It is high that this composite and application mode there is problems of phase transition temperature compared with normal room temperature, and summer is the most complete when room temperature raises
It is curdled appearance, it is impossible to enough realize applying across season of phase-change material regulation indoor air temperature, carrying out for warm season only.
Secondly, after the too high meeting of hot water temperature of indoor offer makes indoor overheating, stops heat supply, room temperature declines the extreme problem such as very fast
Appearance.Again, being placed on by phase-change material at boiler, the consumption making phase-change material the most to a certain extent is less,
Energy storage capability is relatively low, and have ignored phase-change material and maintain this important function of ambient-temp-stable.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. ZL201320137266.1 discloses a kind of domestic central solar heating system, be used for
The floor heating of house indoor provides heat, the water tank including heat collector, being connected with heat collector pipeline and being connected with water tank pipeline
Ground heating floor, on water tank connect have cold water pipe, described ground heating floor be sequentially provided with from the bottom up basal layer, extruded polystyrene flaggy,
Thermal insulation layer and floor layer, be equipped with spaced water pipe, be filled with phase between adjacent water pipe between floor layer and thermal insulation layer
Become material.Phase-change material body it is filled with in its ground heating floor, ground heating floor accepts the hot water that water tank provides while, phase transformation material
The heat that material body can absorb in hot water is stored, and continues to ground heating floor heat supply to evening, thus improves solar heating
Efficiency, decreases the capacity of water tank.The problem that this system exists has equally only for warm season, can not realize across season
The application of joint.Describe secondly by it and can be inferred that phase-change material is only used as thermal storage unit in such a system and uses, and ignore
Phase-change material maintains the effect of ambient-temp-stable.Again, phase-change material is filled between water pipe, separates with water system, can make phase
Becoming material heat storage capacity to reduce, consumption also can be restricted simultaneously.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. ZL200910310405.4 discloses a kind of solar energy integration buildinghouse, has below indoor floor
Pebble heat storage layer, has gate hole plate, is equipped with boulder bed air channel, boulder bed between gate hole plate and ground below pebble heat storage layer
The side in air channel connects with the air inlet being located at house wall root, the opposite side in boulder bed air channel and another body of wall root of house
Air outlet connection, air inlet has can close BAIYE, has air exhauster at air outlet；The gas outlet of solar energy air heat collector
Being connected with boulder bed air channel by ajutage, the air inlet of solar energy air heat collector connects with discharge pipe, ajutage and air-out
The upper end of pipe protrudes from roof, and the lower end of discharge pipe extends to house indoor.Although the design in this house can realize across season
Using, but the problem one existed is to utilize cobble to carry out sensible heat accumulation of heat, its amount of stored heat certainly will be less；Two is to utilize air the whole year
As the carrier of cold and hot amount, not only conveying capacity is limited, and there is the defect that loss is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, relatively big for solving current single building energy consumption, the problem that renewable energy utilization rate is low.There is provided one
Kind of integrated solar photothermal technique and phase-changing energy-storing Integration ofTechnology and the house of application, with realize winter solar can be at Unit Residential
In utilization efficient, polynary, maintain the comfortable of indoor thermal environment in other and stable simultaneously in season,
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A kind of solar energy can be derived from maintenance building with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change, including phase transformation house and solar energy system,
It is characterized in that, the north wall in described phase transformation house 1 is provided with external door 23, and Nan Qiang is provided with exterior window 24；In concrete floor 29
Burying phase transformation sleeve pipe 2 underground, be provided with phase-change material in every phase transformation sleeve pipe 2, many phase transformation sleeve pipes 2 are horizontally disposed with composition phase transformation
Material layer；Being provided with ventilating layer 4 between concrete floor 29 and ground 28, ventilating layer 4 is a space, passes through inside it
The masonry structure 34 being crisscross arranged at two is divided into approximation air channel shape, and masonry structure 34 supports simultaneously as load-carrying members
Concrete floor 29；Nan Qiang closes on bottom and is provided with south wall vent mouth 25 at ventilating layer 4, and north wall bottom is closed on and set at ventilating layer 4
It is equipped with north wall vent 26；Phase transformation house 1 closes on and is provided with hole 27 on the concrete floor 29 of Dong Qiang or Xi Qiang, hole 27
It is connected with ventilating layer 4；
Being provided with solar energy system on the roof in phase transformation house 1, solar energy system includes solar thermal collector 3, solar energy heating
Device 3 forms a complete solar water heating system by hot water feeding pipe road 6 and hot water backwater's pipeline 7 with phase transformation sleeve pipe 2
Closed circuit；Described solar thermal collector 3 is made up of heat collection unit A17 and heat collection unit B33, is separately positioned on the gradient and is
On the angle bar frame of 45 degree, by order arrangement up and down；The top of heat collection unit A17 and heat collection unit B33 is provided with heat collector water
Case A16 and heat collector water tank B32；Heat collector water tank A16 is connected with heat collection unit A17, heat collector water tank B32 and thermal-arrest
Unit B 33 is connected, and heat collector water tank A16 and heat collector water tank B33 passes through together with placed in series；Hot water backwater's pipeline 7
On be provided with water pump 5, water supply tank 11, electromagnetic valve 12 and water collector 9；Be provided with on hot water feeding pipe road 6 calorimeter 10,
Water knockout drum 8, is additionally provided with bottom automatic exhaust steam valve 15, middle part automatic exhaust steam valve 14 and top automatic exhaust steam valve 13；
Described phase transformation sleeve pipe 2 is made up of inside and outside two-layer steel pipe, and the concentric position of outer tube 18 longitudinal direction is provided with inner tube 19, inner tube
The circular fin 20 of augmentation of heat transfer it is provided with between 19 and the tube wall of outer tube 18；Inner tube 19 is water lines, and its two ends set respectively
It is equipped with interface A30 and interface B31, respectively as water inlet and outlet；The two ends of outer tube 18 are closed, and leave and connect
Mouth A and interface B；Being divided into phase-change material by fin 20 between inner tube 19 and outer tube 18 and fill chamber 22, phase-change material is filled
It is provided with phase-change material in chamber 22；The one end side of outer tube 18 is provided with interface 21, fills hole and automatically as phase-change material
The interface of air bleeding valve；Inner tube 19 is connected with hot water backwater's pipeline 7 by water collector 9, and is supplied with hot water by water knockout drum 8
Water lines 6 is connected.
Described long 3m～10m in phase transformation house 1, wide 2m～5m, high 3～4.5m, body of wall uses the reality that 240mm～370mm is thick
Heart brick wall, brick cavity wall or concrete walls, outside installs 20mm～60mm thickness insulation material additional；Roof is cast-in-place concrete roof
Or precast slab roof, thickness is 150mm～300mm, and outside installs 20mm～60mm thickness insulation material additional；Wall heat transfer coefficient is little
In 0.55W/m2.K, roof heat transfer coefficient is less than 0.6W/m2.K。
High 1.8m～2.2m of external door 23, wide 0.8m～1.2m that described north wall is arranged；Nan Qiang arrange the high 1.2m of exterior window 24～
1.8m, wide 1.2m～1.5m；The outer frame material of door and window is plastic-steel or broken-bridge aluminum alloy.
Described south wall vent mouth 25 and north wall vent 26 all can open and close, and hole 27 is provided with cover plate, to control to build
Build interior air current flow.
The phase-change material that described phase-change material is filled in filling chamber 22, its phase transition temperature is close with indoor temperature, at 16-28
Between DEG C, it can be the eutectic mixture of inorganic phase-changing material, organic phase change material or organic phase change material.
The eutectic mixture of described organic phase change material is the mixture of fatty acid and high-carbon alcohols, fatty acid be n-capric acid,
Lauric acid, myristic acid, Palmic acid or stearic acid；Higher alcohols are lauryl alcohol, tetradecyl alchohol, hexadecanol or octadecanol；Fat
Acid is 46.4～97.5:2.5～53.6 with the mass ratio of high-carbon alcohols；Described fatty acid and the fusing point of higher alcohols are both less than
80℃。
The water inlet of phase transformation sleeve pipe 2 is connected with water collector 9 with water knockout drum 8, outlet；The heat that solar thermal collector 3 produces
Water flows into water knockout drum 8 by pipeline, then flows into each phase transformation sleeve pipe through water knockout drum 8 and carry out heat exchange, then imports water collector 9,
Finally flow back to solar thermal collector 3 by the road, complete circulation.
Solar heat water circulation system is reversed return type hot water system.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
1, building structure is combined by phase transformation sleeve pipe with solar energy system, the average energy utilization rate of solar heating up to
49.6%, higher than average level.
2, the phase transition temperature of selected phase-change material is close with indoor temperature, between 19-28 DEG C, is possible to prevent indoor
Overheated and bigger fluctuation.The latent heat of phase change of phase-change material is much bigger compared with sensible heat, and can meet indoor at night completely needs heat request.
3, phase-change material is laid on floor, is provided with ventilating layer in its lower section simultaneously, it is possible to achieve across room temperature regulation and control in season；Winter
Ji Jinhang accumulation of heat, carries out cold-storage summer.
4, solar energy system uses hot water as cold and hot matchmaker so that cold and hot amount conveying capacity strengthens, and capacity usage ratio improves.
5, a whole set of house desigh power consuming portions in use only has heat supply in winter water pump power consumption, and power consumption only has average every day
1.3kWh, conditioning in Transition Season and summer are completely without power consumption.The present invention is greatly saved conventional energy resource, decreases the row of carbon dioxide
High-volume.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that solar energy of the present invention maintains, with being derived from of the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change, the unitary construction schematic diagram built；
Fig. 2 is that solar energy of the present invention maintains, with being derived from of the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change, the building structure top view built；
Fig. 3 is that being derived from of solar energy of the present invention application integrated with energy storage materials of phase change maintains the Nan Qiang of building, north wall structure to show
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is that solar energy of the present invention maintains, with being derived from of the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change, the ventilating layer structural representation built
(the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1)；
Fig. 5 is that being derived from of solar energy of the present invention application integrated with energy storage materials of phase change maintains the solar energy system structure of building to show
It is intended to；
Fig. 6 is that solar energy of the present invention maintains the phase transformation sleeve structure of building to illustrate with being derived from of the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Figure；
Reference of the present invention is as follows:
1 phase transformation house 2 phase transformation sleeve pipe
3 solar thermal collector 4 ventilating layers
5 water pump 6 hot water feeding pipe roads
7 hot water backwater's pipeline 8 water knockout drums
9 water collector 10 calorimeters
11 water supply tank 12 electromagnetic valves
Automatic exhaust steam valve in the middle part of 13 top automatic exhaust steam valves 14
Automatic exhaust steam valve 16 heat collector water tank A bottom 15
17 heat collection unit A 18 outer tubes
19 inner tube 20 fins
Chamber filled by 21 interface 22 phase-change materials
23 external door 24 exterior windows
25 south wall vent mouth 26 north wall vents
27 hole 28 ground
29 concrete floor 30 interface A
31 interface B 32 heat collector water tank B
33 heat collection unit B 34 masonry structures
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
The house that can be derived from maintenance designed by the present invention, mainly includes phase transformation house and solar energy system two large divisions.
The dependency structure in phase transformation house 1 sees Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and the overall dimensions in described phase transformation house 1 is
3m × 3m × 3m, the north wall in phase transformation house 1 is provided with the Plastic steel door 23 of a fan 1.8m × 0.8m, and Nan Qiang arranges a fan
The plastic-steel exterior window 24 of 1.2m × 1.2m.Body of wall uses 240mm slag brick cavity wall, and outside installs 45mm thickness polyphenylene heat insulation slab additional；
Roof uses cast-in-place concrete roof, and thickness is 150mm, and outside installs 60mm thickness polyphenylene heat insulation slab additional.For encapsulating phase transformation material
The phase transformation sleeve pipe 2 of material is embedded in concrete floor 29, forms phase-change material layers.Solar thermal collector 3 is placed on phase transformation house
On the roof of 1, be arranged on the angle bar frame that the gradient is 45 degree, by hot water feeding pipe road 6 and hot water backwater's pipeline 7 with
Phase transformation sleeve pipe 2 forms a complete solar water heating system closed circuit.Arrange between concrete floor 29 and ground 28
Having ventilating layer 4, the above of ground 28 posts the thick polyphenylene heat insulation slab of 45mm.Ventilating layer 4 is a space, and inside has at two
Space is separated into approximation air channel shape (seeing Fig. 4) by the masonry structure 34 being crisscross arranged, and masonry structure 34 is simultaneously as load-bearing
Structure supports concrete floor 29.Ventilating layer 4 and Nan Qiang contact position are provided with two vents 25, are provided with north wall contact position
One vent 26；Described south wall vent mouth 25 and north wall vent 26 all can open and close, to control the interior air-flow of building
Flowing.Phase transformation house 1 closes on and is provided with hole 27 on the floor of Dong Qiang or Xi Qiang, and hole 27 is connected with ventilating layer 4；Hole
Being provided with on hole 27 can the cover plate (seeing Fig. 2) of open and close.
The detailed construction of solar energy system sees Fig. 5, and solar thermal collector is made up of heat collection unit A17 and heat collection unit B33,
It is separately mounted on the angle steel welding support that gradient is 45 degree, by order arrangement up and down；Heat collection unit A17 and thermal-arrest list
The top of unit B33 is equipped with heat collector water tank A16 and heat collector water tank B32；Heat collector water tank A16 and heat collection unit A17 phase
Connection, heat collector water tank B32 is connected with heat collection unit B34, and heat collector water tank A16 and heat collector water tank B33 is by pipe
Road is cascaded.
The phase transformation sleeve pipe 2 that many parallel connections are embedded in concrete floor 29 is made up of (seeing Fig. 6) inside and outside two-layer steel pipe, outer tube 18
Longitudinal concentric position is provided with inner tube 19, is provided with the circular fin of augmentation of heat transfer between the tube wall of inner tube 19 and outer tube 18
20；Inner tube 19 is water lines, and its two ends are respectively arranged with interface A30 and interface B31, respectively as water inlet and outlet；
The two ends of outer tube 18 are closed, and leave interface A and interface B；It is divided into by fin 20 between inner tube 19 and outer tube 18
Chamber 22 filled by phase-change material, and phase-change material is provided with phase-change material in filling chamber 22；The one end side of outer tube 18 is provided with and connects
Mouth 21, fills hole and the interface of automatic exhaust steam valve as phase-change material.The phase transition temperature of described phase-change material and indoor temperature phase
Close, between 16-28 DEG C, can be the eutectic mixing of inorganic phase-changing material, organic phase change material or organic phase change material
Thing.The present embodiment uses the eutectic mixture of n-capric acid and hexadecanol, and its mass ratio is 62.5:37.5, and fusion temperature is
22.5 DEG C, solidification temperature is 20.6 DEG C.
It is provided with water knockout drum 8 on hot water feeding pipe road 6, hot water backwater's pipeline 7 is provided with water collector 9；Set on water knockout drum 8
Being equipped with multiple interface, the water inlet with the inner tube 19 of multiple phase transformation sleeve pipes 2 is connected respectively, and this water knockout drum 8 supplies water with hot water
Pipeline 6 is connected；Multiple interface it is also equipped with, respectively with the outlet of the inner tube 19 of multiple phase transformation sleeve pipes 2 on water collector 9
Being connected, water collector 9 is connected with hot water backwater's pipeline 7.The upper end on hot water feeding pipe road 6 and heat collector water tank A16 phase
Connecting, lower end is connected with water knockout drum 7 top joint.Hot water feeding pipe road 6 is also equipped with top the most successively and automatically arranges
Air valve 13, middle part automatic exhaust steam valve 14, bottom automatic exhaust steam valve 15 and calorimeter 10, it is enclosed with guarantor at outdoor section
Adiabator layer and electric-heating belt.The upper end of hot water backwater's pipeline 7 is connected with heat collector water tank B32, lower end and water collector 9
Bottom interface be connected, form reversed return system with hot water feeding pipe road 6.Water knockout drum 8 and water collector 9 and phase transformation sleeve pipe 2
It is in same plane, jointly buries underground with part pipeline and be placed in concrete floor 29, its most slightly gradient, and along the gradient
Place is provided with threeway downwards, and wherein a logical outdoor that extends to is as drain pipe.Hot water backwater's pipeline 7 is the most also pacified
Equipped with water pump 5, water supply tank 11, electromagnetic valve 12 and other valves etc..The hot water that solar thermal collector 3 produces is by pipeline stream
Enter water knockout drum 8, then flow into each phase transformation sleeve pipe through water knockout drum 8 and carry out heat exchange, then import water collector 9, flow the most by the road
Return solar thermal collector 3, complete circulation.
The work process of the present invention is as follows:
Heat supply in winter process: water pump 5 and electromagnetic valve 11 are controlled by intelligent power control chamber, draws three temperature and visits in control chamber
Head is arranged in heat collector water tank, water collector and indoor, when heat collector Water in Water Tanks temperature reaches 30 DEG C, and water collector temperature
During less than 18 DEG C, water circulating pump and electromagnetic valve are opened；When the water temperature temperature difference that these two temperature probes record is less than 5 DEG C, water
Pump and closed electromagnetic valve, system stops circulation；When indoor temperature meets or exceeds 28 DEG C, water pump and electromagnetic valve also can be closed.
During whole winter operation, all closed modes of all vents of ventilating layer 4, hole 27 is also closed mode.
Conditioning in Transition Season process: all closed modes of all vents of whole conditioning in Transition Season ventilating layer 4, hole 23 is also for closing shape
State.Solar energy system does not runs.Fully rely on building own nature regulation and control at conditioning in Transition Season, be not related to manual control.
Summer process: all openings of all vents of ventilating layer 4, when outdoor temperature is higher by day, hole 27
Close, stop outdoor air to enter indoor thus bring heat into building interior, be emitted directly toward room by heat transfer and sunlight simultaneously
Interior brought waste heat is absorbed by phase-change material and stores；Night outside air temperature relatively low and less than indoor temperature time, exterior window
24 open, and hole 27 is also opening, by the way of gravity-flow ventilation, indoor waste heat and phase-change material are solidified institute
The heat that the daytime released stores is taken away.During summer, solar energy system does not runs.
Claims (8)
1. a solar energy maintains building, including phase transformation house and solar energy system with being derived from of the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
System, it is characterised in that the north wall of described phase transformation house (1) is provided with external door (23), and Nan Qiang is provided with exterior window (24)；Water
Bury phase transformation sleeve pipe (2) in mud ground plate (29) underground, in every phase transformation sleeve pipe (2), be provided with phase-change material, many phase transformation sleeve pipes
(2) composition phase-change material layers it is horizontally disposed with；Between concrete floor (29) and ground (28), it is provided with ventilating layer (4), ventilates
Layer (4) is a space, and its internal masonry structure (34) by being crisscross arranged at two is divided into and approximates air channel shape,
Masonry structure (34) supports concrete floor (29) simultaneously as load-carrying members；Nan Qiang closes on bottom ventilating layer (4) place and is provided with
Nan Qiangtongfengkou (25), north wall bottom is closed on ventilating layer (4) place and is provided with north wall vent (26)；Phase transformation house (1)
Closing on and be provided with hole (27) on the concrete floor (29) of Dong Qiang or Xi Qiang, hole (27) is connected with ventilating layer (4)；
Being provided with solar energy system on the roof in phase transformation house (1), solar energy system includes solar thermal collector (3), the sun
Energy heat collector (3) is complete with phase transformation sleeve pipe (2) formation one by hot water feeding pipe road (6) and hot water backwater's pipeline (7)
Whole solar water heating system closed circuit；Described solar thermal collector (3) is by heat collection unit A (17) and heat collection unit B
(33) composition, is separately positioned on the angle bar frame that the gradient is 45 degree, by order arrangement up and down；Heat collection unit A (17)
It is provided with heat collector water tank A (16) and heat collector water tank B (32) with the top of heat collection unit B (33)；Heat collector water tank A (16)
Being connected with heat collection unit A (17), heat collector water tank B (32) is connected with heat collection unit B (33), heat collector water tank
A (16) passes through together with placed in series with heat collector water tank B (33)；Be provided with on hot water backwater's pipeline (7) water pump (5),
Water supply tank (11), electromagnetic valve (12) and water collector (9)；It is provided with calorimeter (10) on hot water feeding pipe road (6), divides
Hydrophone (8), is additionally provided with bottom automatic exhaust steam valve (15), middle part automatic exhaust steam valve (14) and top automatic exhaust steam valve (13)；
Described phase transformation sleeve pipe (2) is made up of inside and outside two-layer steel pipe, and the concentric position of outer tube (18) longitudinal direction is provided with inner tube (19),
The circular fin (20) of augmentation of heat transfer it is provided with between the tube wall of inner tube (19) and outer tube (18)；Inner tube (19) is water pipe
Road, its two ends are respectively arranged with interface A (30) and interface B (31), respectively as water inlet and outlet；Outer tube (18)
Two ends be closed, and leave interface A and interface B；Split by fin (20) between inner tube (19) and outer tube (18)
Filling chamber (22) for phase-change material, phase-change material is provided with phase-change material in filling chamber (22)；The end side of outer tube (18)
Face is provided with interface (21), fills hole and the interface of automatic exhaust steam valve as phase-change material；Inner tube (19) passes through water collector (9)
It is connected with hot water backwater's pipeline (7), and is connected with hot water feeding pipe road (6) by water knockout drum (8).
Solar energy the most according to claim 1 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Being, described phase transformation house (1) long 3m～10m, wide 2m～5m, high 3～4.5m, body of wall uses 240mm～370mm thick
Solid brick wall, brick cavity wall or concrete walls, outside installs 20mm～60mm thickness insulation material additional；Roof is cast-in-place concrete
Roof or precast slab roof, thickness is 150mm～300mm, and outside installs 20mm～60mm thickness insulation material additional；Wall heat transfer system
Number is less than 0.55W/m2.K, roof heat transfer coefficient is less than 0.6W/m2.K。
Solar energy the most according to claim 1 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
It is, external door (23) high 1.8m～2.2m, wide 0.8m～1.2m that described north wall is arranged；The exterior window (24) that Nan Qiang is arranged
High 1.2m～1.8m, wide 1.2m～1.5m；The outer frame material of door and window is plastic-steel or broken-bridge aluminum alloy.
Solar energy the most according to claim 1 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Being, described Nan Qiangtongfengkou (25) and north wall vent (26) all can open and close, and hole (27) is provided with lid
Plate, to control the interior air current flow of building.
Solar energy the most according to claim 1 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Being, the phase-change material that described phase-change material is filled in filling chamber (22), its phase transition temperature is close with indoor temperature,
Between 16-28 DEG C, it can be the eutectic mixture of inorganic phase-changing material, organic phase change material or organic phase change material.
Solar energy the most according to claim 5 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Being, the eutectic mixture of described organic phase change material is the mixture of fatty acid and high-carbon alcohols, fatty acid be n-capric acid,
Lauric acid, myristic acid, Palmic acid or stearic acid；Higher alcohols are lauryl alcohol, tetradecyl alchohol, hexadecanol or octadecanol；Fat
Acid is 46.4～97.5:2.5～53.6 with the mass ratio of high-carbon alcohols；Described fatty acid and the fusing point of higher alcohols are both less than
80℃。
Solar energy the most according to claim 1 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Being, the water inlet of phase transformation sleeve pipe (2) is connected with water collector (9) with water knockout drum (8), outlet；Solar energy heating
The hot water that device (3) produces flows into water knockout drum (8) by pipeline, then flows into each phase transformation sleeve pipe through water knockout drum (8) and change
Heat, then imports water collector (9), flows back to solar thermal collector (3) the most by the road, completes circulation.
Solar energy the most according to claim 1 can be derived from maintenance building, its feature with the integrated application of energy storage materials of phase change
Being, solar heat water circulation system is reversed return type hot water system.
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| CN109339279A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-15 | 东北石油大学 | A kind of suitable severe cold area has the agriculture residence of solar energy low-temperature thermal water phase-changing wall |
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| CN105180464B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-04-26 | 北京建筑大学 | Phase change wall system capable of controlling storage and release of heat |
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| CN106121062A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-11-16 | 温州大学 | Phase-transition heat-preserving structure |
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| CN108302611A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-20 | 北京民利储能技术有限公司 | It is a kind of using regenerative resource as the heating and cooling system of Cooling and Heat Source |
| CN109084395A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of operation method and integrated building structure reducing building energy consumption |
| CN109083301B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2023-10-27 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Phase change material wall structure with adjustable phase change temperature |
| CN109322450B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2024-03-12 | 河北工业大学 | Composite phase-change ventilation roof using underground water as cold source |
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| EP1062463B1 (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 2004-06-16 | Krecke, Edmond Dominique | Air conditioning method for buildings and air-conditioned building |
| JP4045370B2 (en) * | 1998-11-30 | 2008-02-13 | 雄一 柳 | Building material panel, roof structure and floor structure |
| JP2001098654A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Kenji Matsui | Solar heating system house |
| CN201093907Y (en) * | 2007-07-05 | 2008-07-30 | 上海海事大学 | Novel phase change type heat tube heat accumulator |
| CN101705751B (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-05-04 | 中国建筑设计研究院 | Solar energy integration buildinghouse |
| CN204199450U (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-03-11 | 天津大学 | Being derived to maintain of a kind of solar energy and energy storage materials of phase change Integrated predict model is built |
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| CN109339279A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-15 | 东北石油大学 | A kind of suitable severe cold area has the agriculture residence of solar energy low-temperature thermal water phase-changing wall |
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