CN101636292A - 车辆用通信装置 - Google Patents

车辆用通信装置 Download PDF

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CN101636292A
CN101636292A CN200880007734A CN200880007734A CN101636292A CN 101636292 A CN101636292 A CN 101636292A CN 200880007734 A CN200880007734 A CN 200880007734A CN 200880007734 A CN200880007734 A CN 200880007734A CN 101636292 A CN101636292 A CN 101636292A
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controlled variable
charging
vehicle
storage battery
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CN101636292B (zh
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丹羽俊明
加藤一弥
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Aisin AW Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
    • B60L2240/622—Vehicle position by satellite navigation
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/70—Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

连接有来自外部的商用电源(40)的电源电缆(50)，对车载蓄电池(14)充电。将电源电缆(50)作为通信路径与外部之间进行通信。尤其是，在充电中通过通信，获取进行该充电的当前位置的地域信息或者与该地域相对应地变更过的控制参数信息。而且，与所获取的信息相对应地变更车辆的控制参数。

Description

车辆用通信装置
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的控制参数的获取。
背景技术
以往以来，众所周知，电动机动车不像汽油机动车等那样进行排气，另外还具有噪音非常小这样的优点。该电动机动车通过蓄电池的电力行驶，所以需要对该蓄电池充电。为了能够在各种场所充电，优选内置有整流器，通过电缆将其与商用电源插座连接而进行充电。由此，即使在一般的家庭中也能够进行充电。
在这里，在进行充电时，通过电缆将电源侧与车辆侧连接。在该电线中充电用的交流电流在流动，但也提出了在该电力路径中重叠数据进行通信的方案(参照专利文献1)。由此，能够将通过车载设备拍摄到的图像数据等向电源侧的装置转送。
专利文献1：日本特开2007-88929号公报
发明内容
在这里，在车辆上搭载有各种设备，能够通过使这些设备适当地工作而进行有效的行驶。因此，就有了最为适当地控制各种设备这样的要求。例如，在专利文献2中，提出了与行驶的地域相对应地变更发动机与电动机的使用比例的方案。因此，存在希望容易地进行用于这样的适当行驶的设定这样的课题。
本发明所涉及的车辆用通信装置，其与来自外部电源的电力线连接而对车载蓄电池进行充电，并且将电力线作为通信路径与外部之间进行通信，其特征在于：在充电中通过所述通信，获取进行该充电的当前位置的地域信息或者与该地域相对应地变更过的控制参数信息，并且与所获取的信息相对应地变更车辆的控制参数。
另外，优选：所述控制参数是关于蓄电池的充放电控制的控制参数。
另外，优选：所述控制参数是蓄电池充放电控制中的上下限设定值。
另外，优选：所述控制参数是关于蓄电池的温度控制的控制参数。
这样，根据本发明，在充电中通过将电力线作为通信路径的通信，获取当前位置的地域信息，并且与所获取的地域信息相对应地变更车辆的控制参数。因此，容易地获得所需要的信息，能够进行车载设备的有效的控制。
附图说明
图1是表示系统的整体结构的图。
符号说明
10：电动发电机    12：发动机      14：蓄电池
16：充电接口      18：充电口      20、42：PLC处理部
22：导航装置      24：存储装置    26：显示器
28：操作部        50：电源电缆    52、54：连接器
40：商用电源      44：数据处理装置
100：车辆         200：充电设备
具体实施方式
下面，对于本发明的实施方式基于附图进行说明。
图1是表示实施方式所涉及的信息传递系统的整体结构的框图。在图中，表示有包含车辆100、充电设备200和充电电缆50的系统。
车辆100为混合动力车辆，具有电动发电机10以及发动机12。即，能够通过电动发电机10的驱动力驱动轮胎而行驶，也能够通过发动机12的驱动力驱动轮胎而行驶，还能够通过发动机的驱动力由电动发电机10进行发电。另外，也适于设置2个电动发电机，一个主要用于行驶，另一个主要用于发电。
在电动发电机10与蓄电池14相连接，电动发电机10由蓄电池14的电力驱动，另外蓄电池14通过电动发电机10的所发电力进行充电。这样，车辆100能够进行外部充电，使蓄电池14的容量变得比较大，不驱动发动机10作为电动机动车也能够行驶比较长的距离。即，车辆100，在HV模式下适当驱动发动机12而行驶，在EV模式下通过蓄电池14的电力驱动电动发电机10而行驶。
在这里，在本实施方式中，具有控制部30，该控制部30控制搭载在车辆上的各种设备。在该例子中，对调整蓄电池14的温度的温度调整装置32、发动机12、电动发电机10的动作进行控制。在这里，温度调整装置32具有蓄电池的冷却以及加热功能。例如，温度调整装置32包含：通过送风冷却蓄电池14的冷却风扇和加热蓄电池的加热器。控制部30通过设置于蓄电池14的温度计等检测蓄电池温度，控制温度调整装置32使得该蓄电池温度为预定值。在起动时等温度低的情况下，通过加热器加热，使蓄电池14变热；另一方面在由于持续流过大电流而使温度上升到适当温度以上的情况下，则通过冷却风扇冷却蓄电池14。
另外，控制部30在HV模式下控制发动机12的驱动，以使蓄电池的充电状态(SOC)能够维持为大致50％。例如，进行下述这些控制：在SOC下降到40％以下时驱动发动机12进行发电，在其上升到60％以上时停止发动机12。另外，如果是EV模式，则允许车辆行驶直到SOC变为20％，在下降到20％以下时，转移到HV模式促使蓄电池充电。另外，在充电时，控制后述的充电接口16进行充电直到SOC变为90％。
蓄电池14与充电接口16相连接。该充电接口16，其内置有整流器，将从外部供给的交流电转换成直流电而供给至蓄电池14。充电接口16与充电口18相连接。该充电口18是交流电的接受口，形成为与插头同样的形状。因此，通过在这里插入与电源插座同样形状的连接器，将来自外部电源的交流电力供给至充电接口16。另外，优选：充电口18能够与100V、200V的商用电源中的任意一个连接，优选：设为与通用的连接器相同的形状。
在这里，在充电接口16与充电口18之间的交流电的路径上连接有PLC处理部20。该PLC处理部20获取与交流电流重叠的高频信号，将该高频信号解调而获取数据，将调制数据而得到的高频信号重叠于交流电力的路径。另外，来自外部电源的交流电为50或者60Hz，在这里重叠的高频信号通常为2～30MHz带宽的信号。另外，PLC意味着电力线载波通信：Power Line Communication。另外，PLC处理部20只要能够选择经由充电口18与外部进行通信的信号即可，对频率等没有限定。另外，高频信号是其载波的频率如上所述的高频波，通过进行解调而得到调制波，该调制波成为信息信号。关于调制方式，可以利用各种模拟、数字调制方式。
PLC处理部20与导航装置22相连接，该导航装置22包括硬盘等大容量的存储装置24。
导航装置22，利用存储在DVD等中的地图数据在显示器26上显示地图，并且，在显示器26上显示通过GPS等检测到的当前位置，并且在设定了目的地的情况下，设定从当前地到目的地为止的路径，将该路径显示在地图上进行路径导向。另外，各种输入经由操作部28进行，但优选该操作部28包含利用显示器26的显示的接触面板。
然后，在本实施方式中，利用导航装置22，进行经由PLC处理部20的与外部的通信，在存储装置24内储存各种数据。尤其是，该存储装置24也与控制部30相连接连接，根据存储在存储装置24中的数据变更由控制部30进行的控制中的控制参数。
即，在车辆被出口到各国时，车辆经由该国的经销商被向购买者提供。因此，车辆100与该国的经销商的充电设备200相连接，蓄电池14充电。
即，充电口18与作为来自外部电源的电力线的电源电缆50的连接器52相连接。该连接器52为与充电口18相对应的形状，在该例中为插头状。另外，电源电缆50的另一端经由连接器54连接于充电设备200的商用电源(外部电源)40。在这里，商用电源40具有通常的电源插座类型的连接部，插头类型的连接器54被插入该连接部。
商用电源40与PLC处理部42相连接，该PLC处理部42与数据处理装置44相连接。因此，在该PLC处理部42中，能够在数据处理装置44与导航装置22之间进行通信，将存储装置24的数据存储到数据处理装置44的内部的存储装置中，相反将数据处理装置44内的数据向导航装置22供给，存储到存储装置24中。
在这里，数据处理装置44是经销商的计算机，该数据处理装置具有与基于该国的地域特性的车辆的控制参数有关的信息。在充电中，车辆100的导航装置22发送存储在存储装置24中的关于该车辆的车辆种类等车辆信息。在数据处理装置44中，按每个车辆种类存储有该车辆在该国(该地域)的适当车辆参数，发送该控制参数并存储到存储装置24中。
将在存储装置24中所存储的控制参数供给至利用该控制参数的电子控制单元(ECU)，改写ECU内的控制参数。因此，在之后的行驶中，能够根据改写之后的与该地域相一致的控制参数，来控制各设备的动作，进行适当的行驶控制。
另外，在该例中，从数据处理装置44发送控制参数，但也可以是导航装置22预先存储有各国、地域的最合适控制参数，数据处理装置44仅仅发送地域数据。由此，由导航装置22改写存储装置24内的控制参数，也能够将各ECU内的控制参数改写为与该地域相适应的控制参数。
作为控制参数，有表1所示的控制参数。
表1.
No 每个国家的信息 控制对象
1 白天/夜间温度 蓄电池等的冷却风扇的强化
2 充电设置的利用度 使用蓄电池的频率的变更(如果充电设置较多，则增大频率等)
3 起伏的剧烈程度(山地地域等) 为了能够在发动机输出上“加上电动机输出”对蓄电池多进行保温控制
4 日照信息 在极昼等能够期待由太阳能面板进行辅助充电
的情况下，对自家充电量进行校正
5 ...
这样一来，(1)在容易变为高温的情况下，增强温度调整装置32的冷却风扇的送风强度或者将时间设定得较长。另外，在夜间较寒冷的情况下，将清晨蓄电池14的加热(预热)设定得较强。(2)EV模式的下限SOC通常为20％左右，但将该下限SOC下降到15％左右。(3)代替作为通常SOC的目标的50％，采用60％，(4)例如通过商用电力充电到80％为止，剩余的通过来自太阳能面板的电力进行充电。
这样，在本实施方式中，能够在充电时通过经由电源电缆的通信得到车辆所在地域的信息。因此，能够在行驶前预先将控制参数设为适当的参数而进行行驶。在能够从外部电源充电的混合动力车辆中，具有关于蓄电池14的控制参数以及HV模式下的控制参数等特有的控制参数，优选：与地域相对应地改写这些控制参数。尤其是，通过变更蓄电池的使用领域、蓄电池温度控制等与充电和行驶双方有关的控制参数，能够将它们设为对于混合动力车辆来说适当的控制参数。
另外，在上述的例子中，在经销商处进行了控制参数的改写，但也可以在自家进行充电时，经由互联网等与经销商的服务器相连接而获取控制参数。
进而，在进行控制参数的改写时，也可以：在显示器26上要求用户输入确认，仅在从操作部28进行得到许可的输入时，才会进行改写。另外，优选：在存储装置24中存储有新旧两种控制参数，能够将暂时改写了的控制参数复原。
另外，在变更与蓄电池的基于外部电源的充电控制有关的控制参数的情况下，为使变更控制参数的时间与蓄电池充电的时间不重复，优选：使控制参数的更新开始时刻、蓄电池的充电开始时刻中的至少一方相对于另一方的开始时刻延迟。通过这样，能够防止干涉，所述干涉是变更与蓄电池的充电控制有关的控制参数、和使用与蓄电池的充电有关的参数进行充电控制的干涉。另外，在变更与蓄电池的基于外部电源的充电控制有关的控制参数的情况下，更优选：在控制参数的更新结束之后开始蓄电池的充电。通过这样，能够将与该地域相适应的基于外部电源的蓄电池控制更快地应用于控制。
本发明在实施方式中，表示了应用于混合动力车辆的例子，但并不限定于此，只要是外部电源与车载蓄电池通过电源电缆连接并且通过外部电源对车载蓄电池充电的车辆即可，可以是任何车辆。例如，也可以应用于：未搭载发动机而仅通过由车载蓄电池的电力驱动的电动机而行驶的电动机动车，搭载有发动机但其仅为了驱动发电机而工作、不将发动机的动力用作车辆驱动力的所谓串行混合动力车，通过发动机与电动机的驱动力而行驶的并行混合动力车，和通过由燃料电池发电所得到的电力以及在蓄电池中所蓄积的电力而行驶的燃料电池混合动力车辆。

Claims (4)

1.一种车辆用通信装置，其与来自外部电源的电力线连接而对车载蓄电池进行充电，并且将电力线作为通信路径与外部之间进行通信，其特征在于：
在充电中通过所述通信，获取进行该充电的当前位置信息或者与进行该充电的当前位置相对应地变更过的控制参数信息，并且与所获取的信息相对应地变更车辆的控制参数。
2.根据权利要求1所记载的车辆用通信装置，其特征在于：
所述控制参数是关于蓄电池的充放电控制的控制参数。
3.根据权利要求1所记载的车辆用通信装置，其特征在于：
所述控制参数是蓄电池充放电控制中的上下限设定值。
4.根据权利要求1所记载的车辆用通信装置，其特征在于：
所述控制参数是关于蓄电池的温度控制的控制参数。
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