CN101590690B - 用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统 - Google Patents

用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统 Download PDF

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CN101590690B
CN101590690B CN2009100405435A CN200910040543A CN101590690B CN 101590690 B CN101590690 B CN 101590690B CN 2009100405435 A CN2009100405435 A CN 2009100405435A CN 200910040543 A CN200910040543 A CN 200910040543A CN 101590690 B CN101590690 B CN 101590690B
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screw
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徐伟
谢怀兴
王永杰
周开德
诸泉
蒋文真
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GUANGZHOU HONSEA CHEMISTRY CO LTD
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/426—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for charging, discharging, mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/484—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with two shafts provided with screws, e.g. one screw being shorter than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/487—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for feeding, discharging, mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw

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Abstract

本发明公开一种用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，包括料斗、与挤出机相连的螺筒和螺杆组件，其中料斗设于螺筒的下料口上方，螺杆组件设于螺筒内部，料斗的斗壁为包括外层和内层的夹层结构，外层和内层之间的空隙设有多个挡板，斗壁内层的底部开有排气口，斗壁上方的料斗盖上设有外接抽风系统的抽风口。本发明的侧喂料输送系统实现了良好地排气，增大了螺杆组件的输送能力，同时避免了填料在料斗中堆积的情况，从而提高加料的准确件。

Description

用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料加工机械领域，特别涉及一种用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统。
背景技术
挤出机的加料系统一般分为主喂料系统和侧喂料系统，主喂料系统用于添加混合料，包括设于挤出机上的主喂料斗和设于主喂料斗上的计量秤，侧喂料系统设于挤出机侧面，用于添加低堆积密度的填料，包括相连接的计量秤、侧喂料斗和用于将物料输送至挤出机的螺杆组件和螺筒。目前，挤出机的侧喂料系统主要采用直流或交流驱动同向旋转双螺杆喂料，其侧喂料斗也为传统的料斗结构，当挤出机采取饥饿式喂料时，这种传统的侧喂料系统便存在明显的缺点：(1)同向旋转双螺杆的输送能力有限；(2)整个系统的排气能力较差，这在输送低堆积密度的填料(特别是粉料)时就表现为输送能力严重不足，从而引起填料在侧喂料斗中堆积，导致计量加料不准，严重影响产品质量。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种加料准确、输送能力好的用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统。
本发明的技术方案为：用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，包括料斗、与挤出机相连的螺筒和螺杆组件，其中料斗设于螺筒的下料口上方，螺杆组件设于螺筒内部，所述料斗的斗壁为包括外层和内层的夹层结构，外层和内层之间的空隙设有多个挡板，斗壁内层的底部开有排气口，斗壁上方的料斗盖上设有外接抽风系统的抽风口。
所述螺杆组件为完全啮合的双螺杆，各螺杆分别为锥形螺杆。
所述锥形螺杆的锥度为25～35度。
从锥形螺杆的根部到头部，所述锥形螺杆的螺槽深度逐渐变小，锥形螺杆的螺杆直径也逐渐变小；从锥形螺杆的根部到头部，螺杆压缩比为3∶2～3∶1。所述锥形螺杆的根部为锥形螺杆上与料斗连接的一端，所述锥形螺杆的头部为锥形螺杆上与挤出机连接的一端。
所述螺筒为积木式的锥形螺筒，螺筒中部设有用于排气的气孔。
所述锥形螺筒的锥度为50～70度。
所述挡板一端固定于料斗斗壁的外层或内层上，另一端与料斗斗壁之间有空隙；固定于外层上的挡板和固定于内层上的挡板交错设置。
所述料斗上方设有计量秤。
所述排气口和抽风口的个数可根据系统的实际需要进行设置，所述螺筒中部气孔的个数也可以根据系统的实际需要进行设置。
本发明用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，其工作原理为：计量秤将计量后的低堆积密度填料送入料斗，再由设于螺筒内的螺杆组件送至挤出机；在填料由料斗进入螺杆组件的过程中，抽风系统通过抽风口抽风，使料斗斗壁的夹层中产生负压，促使从螺杆组件排出的气体从排气口排出，从而减少填料进入螺杆组件的阻力，使填料可依靠重力在螺筒的下料口处压实，最终增大螺杆组件的输送能力；螺杆组件将填料送至挤出机的过程中，由于螺杆组件采用完全啮合的锥形双螺杆，并且锥形螺杆根部的螺槽深度大于锥形螺杆头部的螺槽深度，因此填料在输送过程中逐渐被压实，此过程填料中的气体通过螺筒上的气孔排出。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1、本发明的侧喂料输送系统，由于其料斗上设有抽风口，料斗斗壁为夹层结构且料斗底部设有排气口，从而组成与抽风系统相连的排气系统，使得填料在下料口处可依靠重力作用压实，并增大螺杆组件的输送能力，避免了填料在料斗中堆积的情况，从而提高加料的准确性。
2、本发明的侧喂料输送系统，由于螺杆组件采用啮合锥形双螺杆结构，螺杆根部采用大导程、深螺槽螺纹，使得物料在输送过程中，螺杆的吃料能力增加，增大了螺槽的充满度；同时螺筒上也根据实际需要设有气孔，使输送压实过程中填料中的气体可以顺利排出，减小输送过程中的阻力，从而增大了螺杆组件的输送能力。
附图说明
图1是本发明的侧喂料输送系统与挤出机的连接示意图。
图2是本发明的侧喂料输送系统中螺筒的结构示意图。
图3是本发明的侧喂料输送系统中单个螺杆的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的侧喂料输送系统中料斗的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例
本实施例一种用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，如图1所示，
(图中1为挤出机主喂料系统的计量秤，2为挤出机主喂料系统的料斗。)包括料斗5、与挤出机3相连的螺筒6和螺杆组件，其中料斗5设于螺筒6的下料口8上方，螺杆组件设于螺筒6内部，料斗5的结构如图4所示，其斗壁为包括外层12和内层13的夹层结构，外层12和内层13之间的空隙设有多个挡板10，斗壁内层13的底部开有排气口9，斗壁上方的料斗盖上设有外接抽风系统的抽风口11；料斗5上方设有计量秤4。
如图3所示，螺杆组件为完全啮合的双螺杆，各螺杆分别为锥形螺杆；其中锥形螺杆的锥度为25～35度，并且从锥形螺杆的根部14到头部15，锥形螺杆的螺槽深度逐渐变小，锥形螺杆的螺杆直径也逐渐变小；从锥形螺杆的根部14到头部15，螺杆压缩比为3∶2～3∶1；锥形螺杆的根部14为锥形螺杆上与料斗5连接的一端，锥形螺杆的头部15为锥形螺杆上与挤出机3连接的一端。
如图2所示，螺筒6为积木式的锥形螺筒，螺筒6中部设有用于排气的气孔7，图中8为与料斗相连的下料口；锥形螺筒的锥度为50～70度。
如图4所示，料斗斗壁夹层内的挡板10一端固定于料斗斗壁的外层12或内层13上，另一端与料斗斗壁之间有空隙；固定于外层12上的挡板和固定于内层13上的挡板10交错设置。
以上侧喂料输送系统中，料斗5上的排气口9和抽风口11的个数可根据系统的实际需要进行设置，螺筒6中部气孔7的个数也可以根据系统的实际需要进行设置。
本用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，其工作原理为：计量秤4将计量后的低堆积密度填料送入料斗5，再由设于螺筒6内的螺杆组件送至挤出机3；在填料由料斗5进入螺杆组件的过程中，抽风系统通过抽风口11抽风，使料斗5斗壁的夹层中产生负压，促使从螺杆组件排出的气体从排气口9排出，从而减少填料进入螺杆组件的阻力，使填料可依靠重力在螺筒6的下料口8处压实，最终增大螺杆组件的输送能力；螺杆组件将填料送至挤出机的过程中，由于螺杆组件采用完全啮合的锥形双螺杆，并且锥形螺杆根部14的螺槽深度大于锥形螺杆头部15的螺槽深度，因此填料在输送过程中逐渐被压实，此过程填料中的气体通过螺筒6上的气孔7排出。
如上所述，便可较好地实现本发明，上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用来限定本发明的实施范围；即凡依本发明内容所作的均等变化与修饰，都为本发明权利要求所要求保护的范围所涵盖。

Claims (2)

1.用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，包括料斗、与挤出机相连的螺筒和螺杆组件，其中料斗设于螺筒的下料口上方，螺杆组件设于螺筒内部，其特征在于，所述料斗的斗壁为包括外层和内层的夹层结构，外层和内层之间的空隙设有多个挡板，斗壁内层的底部开有排气口，斗壁上方的料斗盖上设有外接抽风系统的抽风口；
所述螺杆组件为完全啮合的双螺杆，各螺杆分别为锥形螺杆；所述锥形螺杆的锥度为25～35度；，从锥形螺杆的根部到头部，所述锥形螺杆的螺槽深度逐渐变小，锥形螺杆的螺杆直径也逐渐变小；从锥形螺杆的根部到头部，螺杆压缩比为3∶2～3∶1；所述锥形螺杆的根部为锥形螺杆上与料斗连接的一端，所述锥形螺杆的头部为锥形螺杆上与挤出机连接的一端；
所述螺筒为积木式的锥形螺筒，螺筒中部设有用于排气的气孔；所述锥形螺筒的锥度为50～70度；
所述挡板一端固定于料斗斗壁的外层或内层上，另一端与料斗斗壁之间有空隙；固定于外层上的挡板和固定于内层上的挡板交错设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统，其特征在于，所述料斗上方设有计量秤。
CN2009100405435A 2009-06-24 2009-06-24 用于输送低堆积密度填料的侧喂料输送系统 Expired - Fee Related CN101590690B (zh)

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