CN101568775B - 热交换器 - Google Patents

热交换器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101568775B
CN101568775B CN2007800476228A CN200780047622A CN101568775B CN 101568775 B CN101568775 B CN 101568775B CN 2007800476228 A CN2007800476228 A CN 2007800476228A CN 200780047622 A CN200780047622 A CN 200780047622A CN 101568775 B CN101568775 B CN 101568775B
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heat exchanger
exchanger according
pipe
stable
breach
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CN101568775A (zh
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D·切斯利克
J·哈尔伦
M·马立希
B·普夫鲁姆
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/13Vibrations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/006General constructional features for mounting refrigerating machinery components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2321/00Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2321/14Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
    • F25D2321/141Removal by evaporation
    • F25D2321/1411Removal by evaporation using compressor heat

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种热交换器,包括多个串联连接的板热交换器元件(11)。横向于所述热交换器元件(11)的至少一个稳定元件(15、17)设有多个槽(16)。热交换器元件(11)接合在每个槽(16)中。

Description

热交换器
技术领域
本发明涉及热交换器,其尤其用作为家用电器中的冷凝器或蒸发器。
背景技术
具有冷壁结构的传统的家用电器大体上包括蒸发器,其形式为大规格的板,所述板安置在制冷装置的后壁上位于内部容器与绝缘材料层之间;以及同样板形的冷凝器,其中所述冷凝器在外侧安装在家用电器的后壁上。利用两种热交换器(蒸发器和冷凝器),在管内循环的制冷剂与空气即环境空气或制冷装置的内部中的空气之间发生热交换。热交换器的低功率密度意味着需要大尺寸。
较高的功率密度可以借助于空气冷却式热交换器(forced-air heatexchanger)实现,但是这种热交换器必须具有紧凑的结构,以允许在热交换器的整个尺寸内的强制空气冷却。这种紧凑的结构得以实现在于,多个板形热交换器元件组合成包裹型结构,在包裹型结构中,空气可以在热交换器元件之间的空间内循环。这种包裹的机械稳定性然而是较差的,如果各个热交换器元件仅仅通过运输制冷剂的导管相连的话。存在这样一种危险性,即将两个热交换器元件相连的导管扭结或者由于包裹结构的较差的尺寸稳定性,位于为此目的所设置的并根据热交换器的期望结构所成形的空间内的热交换器的整体性出现问题。可以通过热交换器元件之间延伸的支柱而强化热交换器元件的结构,但是这涉及显著的努力以及成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种热交换器,其将紧凑的结构与良好的尺寸稳定性相结合。
该目的得以实现在于一种热交换器,其包括多个以串联方式连接的板形热交换器元件,在其中设置稳定元件,所述稳定元件横贯热交换器元件延伸并设有多个槽,热交换器接合在每个槽中。因而,利用简单的组装,可以获得一种热交换器,所述热交换器的各元件处于彼此相对的固定位置,从而整个热交换器是尺寸稳定的,并可以插入为该热交换器所设置的具有小误差的组装空间内。
热交换器元件之间的串联连接可分别通过一管形成,其中所述管作为单个部件横贯各热交换器元件并在所述热交换器元件之间延伸。
热交换器元件分别优选具有至少一个在边缘处敞开的缺口,并且稳定元件接合在所述缺口中。因而可以获得具有特别紧凑的外部结构的热交换器。
特别优选的是,稳定元件的槽在稳定元件的两侧上彼此相对地成对地设置,并且一个所述热交换器元件的缺口的相对的边缘可以接合在成对的两个槽中。相对的边缘使得稳定元件很难偶然地从热交换器元件滑离。
接合在一个所述槽内的至少一个热交换器的区段优选是由所述热交换器元件的管段(pipe segment)形成。
这种热交换器元件优选设置成管线蒸发器的形式,换句话说,其包括多个以串联方式连接的并沿第一方向延伸的管区段、以及多个连接至所述管区段以形成栅格的线材。在边缘处开设并保持稳定元件的缺口可以在所述热交换器元件上由一个所述线材以及两个管弯头约束,其中所述两个管弯头伸出超过所述栅格并分别将两个所述管区段相连。
为了实现高效的稳定性,两个稳定元件优选在热交换器元件的相反侧上彼此相对地设置。
稳定元件简化了热交换器元件在壳体内的定位。这种壳体优选在两侧上开口,以允许强制空气冷却。为此目的,风扇可位于一个所述开口侧上。
为了利用来自热交换器的废热——特别在利用热交换器作为冷凝器时,壳体的顶部和底部可以被构造为蒸发皿。
两个蒸发皿有利地通过溢流部相连。
为了促进蒸发皿内的蒸发,浸入一个所述蒸发皿内的管环部还可以以串联方式连接至热交换器元件。
附图说明
参照附图通过以下示意性实施例的说明将清楚本发明的其它特征和优点,其中:
图1示出了本发明的制冷装置的透视图,从其壳体的后方看过去;
图2示出了图1的制冷装置的冷凝器模块的示意图;
图3示出了冷凝器的透视图;
图4、5分别示出了冷凝器的稳定元件的透视图;
图6示出了与稳定元件结合的冷凝器、干燥器以及用于蒸发皿的加热回路;
图7示出了保持冷凝器的框架的上侧部分的透视图;
图8示出了框架的下侧部分的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了家用制冷装置的后视图,其例如为冰箱或冷柜。在该制冷装置的底部中设有朝向观察者的凹部1,所述凹部朝向后部开设,固定至壳体的侧壁的横向支承件2延伸经过所述凹部。压缩机3和冷凝器壳体4在该横向支承件上安装。朝向压缩机3的壳体4的一侧是开口的。在远离压缩机3的一侧上,壳体4通过端壁5被密封,但是一开口被留出,风扇6安置在所述开口上。端壁5紧密地抵靠着壳体4的后壁7;端壁5的相反的边缘与位于凹部1与制冷装置的内部(图中未示出)之间的垂直绝缘壁接触。
在图2中示出了从相反方向、从相对于制冷装置壳体的前方看过去的冷凝器模块的视图。如图所示,冷凝器壳体4朝向制冷装置的前部开设,并且管线式冷凝器8在壳体内部中可见。还如图3的冷凝器的透视图所示,冷凝器8的制冷剂管9形成多个板形区段11,其中所述板形区段以平行的方式一个在另一个之上地安置,其中,分别通过180°弯头12、13连接为单件的直管区段平行于图2中的观察方向延伸。板形区段11通过钎焊至直管区段的线材14以已知的方式被加固,180°弯头12、13分别延伸超过由管区段和线材14所形成矩形栅格的边缘。板形区段因而分别在相反的边缘上具有多个缺口,所述缺口分别由两个管弯头12和13以及在所述管弯头之间延伸的线材约束。柱形稳定元件15从前部接合在每个板形区段11的两个前弯头12之间的缺口内。稳定元件15设有多个成对的相对的槽16,在所述槽内分别接合区段11的相邻的弯头12的一部分。对应的稳定元件17从后部接合在板形区段11的后弯头13之间的对应缺口中。
稳定元件15、17分别在图4、5的透视图中示出。所述稳定元件是由沿垂直平面相连的两个壳构成的中空的本体。稳定元件15在外侧面上支承垂直腹板18,所述腹板18的宽度从上到下增加,从而腹板18紧密地抵靠着不完全垂直的壁,其中所述壁将凹部1与制冷装置的内部分离。稳定元件17还支承腹板19,其中所述腹板19向外指向并朝向后壁17,所述腹板19在中央断开以遵循后壁7的外形。这两个稳定元件15、17支承在管线冷凝器8内接合的并与腹板18和/或19相对的腹板20,所述腹板20减小了冷凝器8的自由空气通道横截面并束缚由冷凝器8中央的风扇6所驱动的气流。
图6示出了与从横向插入的稳定元件17、19一起的完整管线冷凝器8的透视图。干燥器筒21在冷凝器8的管9的一端处插入制冷剂的路径中,管9的另一端由在冷凝器8下方延伸的环部22延长。
保持冷凝器8的壳体4由如图7和8所示的两个模制成型的塑料部件组成。如图7所示的上侧模制成型部件23包括端壁5、后壁7、以及被构造为蒸发24的冷凝器壳体4的顶部。作为单个部件从端壁5沿远离观察者的方向伸出的中空的销25用于在端壁5的中央开口26前定位风扇6(图7未示出)。水平的肋27在开口26下方伸入到壳体4的内部中。与如图9所示的下侧模制成型部件29内的互补的凹槽28一起,所述肋用于固定所述下侧部件29上的上侧模制成型部件28的高度。
由壁30所包围的开口45在蒸发24的底部上靠近其后缘形成。稍微低于蒸发皿24的外缘的壁30限定蒸发皿24的溢流水位。如果从制冷装置的内部输送到蒸发皿24的冷凝物上升高于壁30的上缘,则水流经蒸发皿24内的开口45并向下流到朝向冷凝器8的并由冷凝器加热的后壁7的内侧。后壁7具有中央区段31,其中所述中央区段伸入冷凝器壳体4的内部,所述中央区段的下侧边缘通过升高的壁区段33连接至壁的下侧区段32。在后壁7内向下流的水因而不能达到壁7的下侧区段32,从而中央区段31的下侧边缘形成滴水边缘(drip edge)34,其中水从所述滴水边缘直接向下滴落到由下侧模制成型的部件35所形成的蒸发皿35内。
从蒸发皿35的底部伸出的两个细长的肋36的上侧边缘用作为针对管线冷凝器8的承载表面。比延伸的肋36高的弯曲的肋37用作为横向止挡件,限定了沿水平方向的管线冷凝器8的位置。两个钩部38被设置以与管线冷凝器8的最下侧板形区段11的管段的后部接合,因而将冷凝器固定在下侧蒸发皿35上。肋36、37的形状和位置分别被选择成,它们允许环部22位于蒸发皿35的底部附近。
如上所述的水平的凹槽28通过多个钩部39被形成,其中所述钩部在远离图8的观察者的蒸发皿35的端壁40上向外指向。朝向观察者的蒸发皿35的外壁41具有凹陷42,其中所述凹陷的壁在连接的状态中接合在后壁7的下侧区段32内的两个槽43中,因而支承上侧模制成型的部件23。在凹陷42的高度处在外壁41上形成的钩部44设置成接合在下侧区段32的开口45中,因而将两个模制成型的部件23、29彼此相互闩锁。

Claims (14)

1.一种热交换器,包括多个以串联方式连接的并且以板形设置的热交换器元件(11),其特征在于,还包括至少一个稳定元件(15、17),其中所述稳定元件横贯所述热交换器元件(11)延伸并设有多个槽(16),热交换器元件(11)接合在每个槽(16)中,其中,热交换器元件(11)处于彼此相对的固定位置,所述热交换器元件(11)分别在相反的边缘上具有多个缺口,所述缺口分别由所述热交换器元件的两个管弯头以及在所述管弯头之间延伸的线材约束,所述稳定元件(15、17)接合在所述热交换器(11)的在边缘处敞开的缺口中,所述稳定元件(15、17)的槽(16)在所述稳定元件(15、17)的两侧上成对地彼此相对设置,一个所述热交换器元件(11)的缺口的相对的边缘接合在成对的两个槽(16)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述板形热交换器元件(11)以一个在另一个之上的方式设置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述热交换器元件(11)之间的串联连接通过一管(9)形成,其中所述管作为单个部件横贯所述各热交换器元件(11)并在它们之间延伸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征在于,接合在一个所述槽(16)中的至少一个所述热交换器元件(11)的区段通过所述热交换器(11)的管段(12、13)被形成。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征在于,至少一个所述热交换器元件(11)包括多个以串联方式连接的并沿第一方向延伸的管区段、以及多个连接至所述管区段以形成栅格的线材(14),一个所述在边缘处敞开的缺口由一个所述线材(14)和两个管弯头(12、13)约束,其中所述管弯头伸出超过所述栅格并分别将两个所述管区段相连。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征在于,在所述热交换器元件(11)的相反侧上彼此相对地设置两个稳定元件(15、17)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的热交换器,其特征在于,至少一个稳定元件由发泡塑料形成。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述热交换器元件(11)在一壳体(4)中保持,其中所述壳体在两侧上开口。
9.根据权利要求8所述的热交换器,其特征在于,风扇(6)位于所述壳体(4)的一个开口侧(5)上。
10.根据权利要求8所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述壳体(4)的顶部和底部被构造为蒸发皿(24、35)。
11.根据权利要求10所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述两个蒸发皿(24、35)通过一溢流部(30、45)相连。
12.根据权利要求10所述的热交换器,其特征在于,浸入一个所述蒸发皿(35)内的管环部(22)以串联方式连接至所述热交换器元件(11)。
13.根据权利要求7所述的热交换器,其特征在于,所述发泡塑料是发泡聚苯乙烯。
14.一种包括根据前述权利要求任一所述的热交换器的制冷装置。
CN2007800476228A 2006-12-22 2007-12-11 热交换器 Expired - Fee Related CN101568775B (zh)

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US3285334A (en) * 1961-12-11 1966-11-15 Peerless Of America Integral dual-passage heat exchange tubing with reverse bends
US4984435A (en) * 1989-02-16 1991-01-15 Dairei Co. Ltd. Brine refrigerating apparatus
RU2076996C1 (ru) * 1993-05-12 1997-04-10 Акционерное общество "Белгородский завод энергетического машиностроения" Котел
JPH0719713A (ja) * 1993-06-30 1995-01-20 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 冷凍冷蔵ショーケースのドレン水蒸発装置
JP2002364946A (ja) * 2001-06-07 2002-12-18 Sanoh Industrial Co Ltd 強制空冷用コンデンサ
CN1302248C (zh) * 2002-10-10 2007-02-28 维尼亚万都株式会社 螺旋式热交换装置
DE102004024397A1 (de) * 2004-05-17 2005-12-08 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät und Verdampfer dafür
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