CN101564047A - Disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, comprising the following components: disinsection fungi spore powder or mycelium 40-60, vegetable oil 5-15, surfactant 5-10, stabilizer 5-10, dispersant 0.1-1; wherein the disinsection fungi is metarrhizium anisopliae, white muscardine fungi, paecilomyces, hirsutella or the mixture; the surfactant is nonionic surfactant, the vegetable oil is one kind or the mixture of many kinds of the oil according to arbitrary ratios selected from the palm oil, corn oil, soybean oil, cotton seed oil and colza oil; the stabilizer is one kind or the mixture of many kinds of the oil according to arbitrary ratios selected from the xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin; the dispersant is DW 1003, glucose ester of fatty acid or the mixture thereof. The storage and transportation of the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is convenient and the storage period of the fungi spore is effectively prolonged and the long-term storage is convenient and the preparation activity is higher; after application of the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, the oil can effectively absorb the ultraviolet ray and reduce the damage of the ultraviolet ray on the fungi spore, effectively increase the field control-effect stability. The process production technique of the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is simple and the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is easily mixed with the other compatible synergistic pesticide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disinsection fungal agricultural chemicals, particularly a kind of disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder.
Background technology
Because the long-term a large amount of use of chemical pesticide, heavy damage ecology, contaminated environment cause insect rampant again.Adopt free from environmental pollution, the nontoxic biopesticide instead of chemical agricultural chemicals of people and animals is become one of important means of insect Comprehensive Control.Fungi is most important insecticidal microorganism monoid, and disinsection fungal is unique have the simultaneously characteristic of tagging and epidemic pathogenic microorganism, its mechanism of causing a disease complexity, and insect is difficult for producing resistance, and the pesticide resistance problem that solves insect is had potentiality.This makes using fungus insecticide control insect be subjected to extensive concern both domestic and external.But disinsection fungal agricultural chemicals prior dosage form has pulvis wet-milling, oil-suspending agent etc.Pulvis is the formulation that disinsection fungal is developed the earliest and used, and it is that additives mixed such as hypha,hyphae or spore and filler (as: diatomite, talcum powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, kaolin etc.), ultra-violet radiation resisting agent are processed.Pulvis effectively overcomes the not shortcoming of anti-storage of disinsection fungal, but after pulvis directly dusts, spore or hyphal body need rely on from environment and to absorb moisture and sprout or regrow, and fungus spore germination or regrow and require high humidity, be subjected to influence that humidity in the environment changes greatly, the less stable that use in the field.Therefore, the disinsection fungal pulvis is difficult to use under drying condition; Also fly away with the wind easily in addition, produce dust, contaminated environment.Wetting powder has easy to use, and prevention and treatment range is wide, and is environmentally safe and can promote the advantage of hydrophobic fungal spore rapid dispersion in water, once becoming the focus of disinsection fungal preparation research.The disinsection fungal wetting powder of registering accounts for about 40% of registration fungal farm chemicals at present.But wettable powder miospore suction easily makes moist, and causes enduring store property low; And the concentrated surfactant that adds make moist back and fungal spore Long contact time, must influence fungus spore germination power, cause the field efficacy instability.
Though the oil-suspending agent of Cai Yonging has successfully overcome the defective that fungal spore is difficult to use, insecticidal effect is subjected to humidity effect in the environment in dry environment in recent years, but need be when using with spraying medicine after oil or the special-purpose diluted, be subjected to the preparation viscosity limitation can only adopt the ultra low volume spraying machine to carry out spray pesticide, be only applicable to prevent and treat the great insect of minority of concentrating generation, and be not suitable for most of agricultural insect pests controls that long-term property dispersion takes place, be not suitable for the basic plant protection mode of rural area agriculture and forestry injurious insect masses control, this has restricted promoting the use of of disinsection fungal preparation greatly.Therefore, development easy to use, stablize the focus that anti-storage, little disinsection fungal oil base novel form affected by environment become the disinsection fungal preparation research.Batta (2004) attempts spore added in the entry and is processed into water in oil aqueous emulsion with emulsifier, though can increase control efficiency owing to contain water in the preparation, can not long preservation, 10 week the back spore germination rates be reduced to below 80%.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high activity, stablize anti-storage, disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder easy to use.This disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is made up of following components in weight percentage: disinsection fungal conidial powder or mycelium 40～60, and surfactant comprise 5～10, vegetable oil accounts for 5～15, stabilizing agent 5～10, dispersant 0.1～1; Wherein said disinsection fungal is green muscardine fungus, white muscardine fungi, Paecilomyces varioti, quilt hair spore or its Mixed Microbes; Described surfactant is a nonionic surface active agent; Described vegetable oil is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in palm oil, corn oil, soybean oil, cotton seed oil and the rapeseed oil; Described stabilizing agent is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in xanthans, carboxymethyl cellulose, the gelatin; Described dispersant is DW1003, glucose fatty acid ester or its mixture.
Described nonionic surface active agent can be selected from sapn Span, tween Tween, TritonX (Tritone), and preferably one or more of sapn, tween, TritonX are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion.
The antioxidant that can also add weight portion 0.2～1.0 in this disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, antioxidant are one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in BHA, BHT, the vitamin E.For strengthening the permeability of this this disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, can also adding weight portion is 0.5～1.0 bleeding agent, and one or more in the azone, 801,804 are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion.
The chemical pesticide that can also add weight portion in this disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder and be (0.01～0.05) is as synergist, as natural pyrethrin, sumicidin, Cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin etc.Choosing of above auxiliary agent is to be principle with compatible synergy.
The present invention is applicable to that fungi passes through the processing and fabricating of spore, mycelium or its mixture of the acquisition of liquid one solid fermentation.
Fungi emulsifiable powder processing method flow process:
1) prepares the vegetable oil that contains surfactant, bleeding agent, antioxidant in proportion;
2) adopt the high velocity fog stirring technique, the described vegetable oil of step 1) is wrapped on the dry fungal spore surface equably, form skim protectiveness oil film by described parts by weight;
3) in described ratio step 2) gained fungal oil conidial powder and stabilizing agent, dispersant mix in agitator and can obtain the present invention.
It is unstable and lack storage period to the present invention is directed in the present fungi preparation dry powder formulations field efficacy, and the present situation of the conventional spraying of oil-suspending agent inconvenience, fungal organism agricultural chemicals conventional spray formulation shortage, biological property according to the fungal organism agricultural chemicals, compatibility principle according to the compatible synergy of microbial pesticide, according to optimization of C auxiliary component mixed preparing such as surfactant, stabilizing agent, dispersant are formed stable emulsifiable powder, adopt the conventional spray device to carry out the routine spraying during use behind the direct in proportion thin up and get final product.
Disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, stablizes anti-storage.Auxiliary agents such as the surfactant of selecting for use are compatible with fungi, store and transportation with the form of fungi emulsifiable powder, and accumulating is convenient, can effectively prolong the fungal spore period of storage, is convenient to the preparation long term storage.
2, high activity.The oil film on fungal spore of the present invention surface plays the effect of diaphragm; and keep the low loss on drying of spore; reduce contacting of oxygen and moisture in fungal spore and the environment; antioxidant further reduces the effect of spore and oxygen in the oil film, makes fungal spore be in low level and keep high activity in the storage life metabolism.Form the aqueous emulsion (C/O/W) of oil-in-water, oil bag spore behind the direct thin up of disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder, affected by environment little, preventive effect is stable.After using, oil can effectively absorb ultraviolet ray, reduces the damage of ultraviolet ray to fungal spore, has improved activity, effectively improves field efficacy stability.
3, dispenser is convenient.Adopt manual sprayer to carry out conventional spray after can directly adding water, simplified the application process of fungi preparation; Because with fungal mycelium or the compatible surfactant one side stable dispersant of spore, make the easy and oily spore mixing of dispersant on the other hand, spore can be dispersed in the water uniformly and stably after converting water, is convenient to conventional sprayer dispenser, is particularly suitable for peasant single household small size and uses.Simultaneously also can mix use with the number of chemical agricultural chemicals of compatible synergy.
4, producing process is simple, and agriculture chemical compoundings easy and other compatible synergy use.
5, use cost is low.Replace oil or special-purpose diluted to disperse active ingredient in the field available water.
The present invention had both preserved the long advantage of shelf life of oil-suspending agent, overcome the defectives such as use inconvenience of not anti-storage of traditional pulvis and oil-suspending agent again, be fit to China's wide farmers and use, a kind of novel form of fungal farm chemicals is provided for the biological control of agricultural fruit tree, vegetable-crop pest-insect.
In order to prove the superiority of the present invention, done following experiment at aspects such as storage time, UV resistant characteristic, anti-drying, heat endurances:
The storage stability of experiment one, fungi emulsifiable powder
Get fungi emulsifiable powder and xerospore powder 5g that embodiment 1 is prepared respectively, packing in the beaker of 2 50ml is 26 ± 1 ℃ in temperature respectively, humidity is that 95%, 75%, 55%, 35% environment was placed 10 days, each sample is mixing respectively, take out the centrifuge tube that 0.1g puts into 1.5ml respectively, after high temperature (55 ℃) thermostat water bath is handled 4 hours, be made into 3 * 10 with 0.05% Tween-80 aqua sterilisa
7The spore suspension of spores/ml concentration, getting 100ul with pipettor is uniformly coated on and is placed with on the 1/4SDA flat board that diameter is a 9mm glassine paper disk, 26 ± 1 ℃ of constant temperature culture, untreated control is set, get the glassine paper disk after 24 hours with cotton blue dyeing back microscopy, count 200-300 spore, the spore count that record is sprouted, calculate germination rate, each handles three repetitions.
The heat endurance of table 1 fungi emulsifiable powder and xerospore powder
As can be seen from Table 1: the not fungi emulsifiable powder of heat treated and xerospore powder heat endurance no significant difference, and fungi emulsifiable powder stores a period of time in relative moisture 〉=75% environment after, its warm tolerance is apparently higher than the xerospore powder.As: the ambient humidity storage at normal temperature 75%, 95% is after 10 days, handled 4 hours through 55 ℃ of constant temperature, the germination rate of fungi emulsifiable powder is respectively 80.6%, 67.1%, be significantly higher than the germination rate level of xerospore powder 65.5%, 42.4%, the period of storage positive correlation of the heat endurance of spore and spore illustrates that the fungi emulsifiable powder storage property is better than the xerospore powder.
Experiment two, UV resistant characteristic of the present invention
After getting the green muscardine fungus fungi emulsifiable powder 7g and 100ml dispersant that embodiment 6 prepared, 300 times of thin ups, getting 100ul with pipettor evenly spreads upon and is placed with on the l/4SDAY flat board that diameter is a 9mm glassine paper disk, drying (no moisture film) in drier is placed on behind the local vertical irradiation 60S of the uviol lamp 35cm of 30w, taking-up is put into 26 ℃ of insulating boxs and is cultivated, and is 3 * 10 with spore concentration
7The green muscardine fungus oil-suspending agent of spores/ml, water dispersant and xerospore powder are contrast.Different time takes out the cotton blue dyeing of glassine paper disk back microscopy, count 200-300 spore, and the spore count that record is sprouted calculates germination rate, and 6h detects for the first time, and is later every 3h inspection separately germination rate once.
As can be seen from Figure 1: but the milk powder ultraviolet-resistant capacity is near the green muscardine fungus oil-suspending agent, behind UV treatment 60s, the germination rate of their 36h is respectively 82.0% and 93.3%, be significantly higher than green muscardine fungus water dispersant and xerospore powder, UV treatment green muscardine fungus water dispersant and xerospore powder 60s, it is 42.1% and 28.3% that the germination rate behind the cultivation 36h is respectively.
Experiment three, anti-drying property of the present invention
Get that embodiment 6 prepared the green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder sparge on the Asiatic migratory locust film wing after adding 300 times of water 100ml dilutions, be placed on temperature respectively and be 26 ℃, relative moisture and be in 100%, 90%, 80%, 70% the container, establishing xerospore powder and spore concentration is 3 * 10
7The spores/ml water dispersant compares, and with cotton blue dyeing back microscopy, counts 200-300 spore behind the 36h, and the spore count that record is sprouted calculates germination rate.Repeat 3 times.
The germination rate (%) of table 2 different dosage form muscardine spore under the different humidity condition
From table 2 to find out: under saturated humidity, the germination rate of several preparations does not have significant difference; Ambient humidity is but that 90% o'clock milk powder germination rate is 56.2%, be significantly higher than green muscardine fungus xerospore powder and water dispersant in the same humidity environment germination rate (19.4%, 23.7%), when ambient humidity 70%, the xerospore powder is not sprouted, and the drought-resistance ability of explanation is higher than green muscardine fungus water dispersant and xerospore powder thereof.
Test the heat endurance of four different disinsection fungal spores
Prepare green muscardine fungus respectively by table 3, the disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder that contains the different surfaces activating agent of white muscardine fungi and Paecilomyces varioti, respectively getting the 0.2g disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder packs in the centrifuge tube of 1.5ml, handled 1 hour at high temperature (55 ℃) thermostat water bath, a little diameter that is seeded in the 1/4SDA flat board is on the 9mm glassine paper disk with the oese picking, evenly coating, 26 ± 1 ℃ of constant temperature culture, do not handle contrast if do not add surfactant, got glassine paper disk cotton blue dyeing back microscopy in 24 hours, count 200-300 spore, the spore count that record is sprouted calculates germination rate, and each handles three repetitions.
The warm tolerance test result of the different fungal spore emulsifiable powders of table 3 (55 ℃, 1 hour)
As can be seen from Table 3: three kinds of different disinsection fungal spores in the emulsifiable powder of different surfaces activating agent after high temperature treatment the spore germination rate no significant difference, but illustrate that milk powder is applicable to dissimilar fungies.
Experiment five, green muscardine fungus different formulations emulsifiable powder preventive effect are measured
To kill the locust green muscardine fungus is test strain, contains 20% green muscardine fungus (the containing 10,000,000,000 spore/grams) emulsifiable powder of different surfaces activating agent with the vegetable oil preparation by table 4.From the Asiatic migratory locust population of indoor feeding, select the essentially identical nymph of 3～4 body weight in age, put into that kind the diameter of wheat seeding to be arranged be 35cm * 50cm cylinder mould, 50 of every processing.Press the consumption conventional spray of 5000ul/ cage after 300 times of dilutions of different green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder waters.If 20% green muscardine fungus oil-suspending agent is contrast by the consumption ultra low volume spraying of 50ul/ cage after with 3 times of dilutions of salad oil.Repeat 3 times.Regulate insectary room temperature to 28 ℃, relative moisture 30-60% changes fresh wheat seeding after three days.Regularly observe every day, and each dead borer population of handling of record calculates LT with DPS software
90
The toxicity test of the green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder of table 4 different formulations
Annotate: Span: sapn; T:Tween; Tr:Tritone X 100.
As can be seen from Table 4: 1. above-mentioned～5. different 20% green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powders are prevented and treated the LT of Asiatic migratory locusts with 300 times of water dilution back super quantity capacity sprayings
90Do not have significant difference (p=0.05) with contrast green muscardine fungus suspending agent, illustrate that green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder insecticidal effect under the environmental condition of high temperature, low humidity is stable, preventive effect is consistent with the green muscardine fungus oil-suspending agent.
Experiment six, green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder are to the preventive effect of cabbage caterpillar
With vegetable oil with contain 20,000,000,000 spores/gram muscardine spore powder and prepare the green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder that contains 20% green muscardine fungus, 15% surfactant (comprising 5%Span and 5%Tween and TritonX 5%), 0.8% ultraviolet radiation protectant and 0.5% butyl alkyl toluene.Tween solution configuration content with 0.5% is 1.6 * 10
7The spore suspension of spore/ml.Choose 2-3 cabbage caterpillar in age larva as for the examination insect, spray in different ways behind the green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder dilute with water different multiples.If 1.0 * 10
7Spore/ml muscardine spore water slurry (CK) and not dispenser (CK0) contrast.Regulate insectary room temperature to 25 ± 3 ℃, relative moisture 30-60% is with the cleaning cabbage leaves larva of feeding.Regularly observe every day, each dead borer population of handling of record, and calculate after the dispenser 10 days corrected mortality.
Table 5 green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder conventional spray is to the preventive effect of vegetable-crop pest-insect
As can be seen from Table 5: adopt conventional spray insecticide-applying way control vegetable-crop pest-insect behind the green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder dilute with water different multiples, the 8th day corrected mortality is respectively 92.4%, 86.9%, 82.6% after dispenser, all apparently higher than 1.0 * 10
7Spore/ml muscardine spore water slurry 69.1% corrected mortality, illustrate that the green muscardine fungus emulsifiable powder adopts the conventional spray method can effectively prevent and treat vegetable-crop pest-insects such as cabbage caterpillar, diamond-back moth, prodenia litura in the condition of high temperature, low humidity, preventive effect is better than the green muscardine fungus aqueous suspension agent.
Figure of description
The influence that Fig. 1 ultraviolet ray is sprouted the different dosage form muscardine spore
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1～12, as the component that following table 6 is got various content, preparation earlier contains the vegetable oil of surfactant, bleeding agent, antioxidant, adopts the high velocity fog stirring technique again, above-mentioned vegetable oil is wrapped on the dry fungal spore surface equably, forms skim protectiveness oil film; At last fungal oil conidial powder and stabilizing agent, dispersant are mixed in agitator and get final product.
Embodiment 13, on the basis of described totally 12 embodiment of last table, each example increases antioxidant (one or more in BHA, BHT, the vitamin E are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion) respectively, and weight (kilogram) is respectively 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0,0.85,0.45,0.65.
Table 6 preparation emulsifiable powder component utilized and content thereof (weight: kilogram)
Embodiment 14, on the basis of described totally 12 embodiment of last table, each example increases bleeding agent (one or more in the azone, 801,804 are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion) respectively, and weight (kilogram) is respectively 0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0,0.85,0.45,0.65,0.55,0.75,0.95.
Embodiment 15, on the basis of described totally 1～5 embodiment of last table, it part is the chemical pesticide synergist (one or more in natural pyrethrin, Cyhalothrin, the beta-cypermethrin are pressed the mixture of arbitrary proportion) of (0.1～0.5) that each example is gained in weight respectively, and weight (kilogram) is respectively: 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5.
Embodiment 16, and on the basis of described totally 12 embodiment of last table, each example increases two or three of antioxidant, bleeding agent, chemical pesticide synergist simultaneously by described parts by weight.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder is characterized in that being made up of following components in weight percentage: disinsection fungal conidial powder or mycelium account for 40～60, surfactant comprise 5～10, and vegetable oil accounts for 5～15, stabilizing agent 5～10, dispersant 0.1～1; Wherein said disinsection fungal is green muscardine fungus, white muscardine fungi, Paecilomyces varioti, quilt hair spore or its Mixed Microbes; Described surfactant is a nonionic surface active agent; Described vegetable oil is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in palm oil, corn oil, soybean oil, cotton seed oil and the rapeseed oil; Described stabilizing agent is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in xanthans, carboxymethyl cellulose, the gelatin; Described dispersant is DW1003, glucose fatty acid ester or its mixture.
2, disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that adding the antioxidant of weight portion 0.2～1.0.
3, disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described antioxidant is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in BHA, BHT, the vitamin E.
4, disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that adding weight portion and is 0.5～1.0 bleeding agent.
5, disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder as claimed in claim 4, wherein said bleeding agent are one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in the azone, 801,804.
6, disinsection fungi emulsifiable powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein said nonionic surface active agent are one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion of SPAN, TWEEN, TritonX.
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| CN113498793A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-15 | 广东省科学院动物研究所 | Vegetable oil and metarhizium anisopliae insecticidal composition with synergistic effect and preparation method thereof |
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