CN101563794B - 包括透明衬底上的led的照明设备 - Google Patents

包括透明衬底上的led的照明设备 Download PDF

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CN101563794B
CN101563794B CN2007800469953A CN200780046995A CN101563794B CN 101563794 B CN101563794 B CN 101563794B CN 2007800469953 A CN2007800469953 A CN 2007800469953A CN 200780046995 A CN200780046995 A CN 200780046995A CN 101563794 B CN101563794 B CN 101563794B
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lighting apparatus
conductive layer
touch panel
led
zno
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M·P·J·彼得斯
V·默西尔
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Signify Holding BV
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Abstract

提出了一种照明设备(100)，包括安装在透明衬底(110)的LEDs(130)，该透明衬底设有透明的导电层(120)和触板(140)。所述触板具有远离第一部分(141)而延伸的第二部分(142)，以用于进一步减少导电层(120)中的电流密度。这有利于使得照明设备对大功耗特别是在高电流试验条件下具有鲁棒性。而且，由于降低了透明导电层上的电压降，照明设备的效率得到提高。

Description

包括透明衬底上的LED的照明设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包括安装在透明衬底上的LED的照明设备。具体地，本发明涉及LED与涂覆有透明电极的玻璃衬底的接触界面。
背景技术
可以从US6270236中知道所提出这种照明设备。该文献公开了一种包括透明载体面板的照明设备，在该面板表面之一上设有透明导电结构(例如一层ITO)。在该载体面板上以这样的方式安装LED(在发光侧的两侧上具有端子)：使得该端子经导电胶(例如焊接凸点(bump))与导电结构接触。具体地，该导电结构可以具有附加的导电触板，其形式为与LED端子接触的区域中的金属涂层。该方法的优点被公开为接触稳定性的提高。
然而，经验显示由在LED端子的直接相邻的区域中金属触板提供的增加的稳定性是有限的。由于ITO层的低导电率(R□～15欧姆)，照明设备易于出现故障。特别是在高电流试验下和整个寿命期内，设备会发生故障，当由于非常局部的热耗散引起的LED与触板/ITO层的导电失败时。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种包括LED和设有导电层的衬底的照明设备，该照明设备对于大功耗特别是在高电流条件下具有鲁棒性。该目的可以用根据本发明第一方面所限定的本发明的照明设备来实现。一种照明设备包括：载体板；结构化的导电层，在载板的第一表面上提供并且具有表面电阻Rtcl；具有端子的LED；触板，在所述导电层上提供，具有表面电阻Rcp，比率Rtcl/Rcp大于1，该触板具有第一部分，LED端子经该第一部分耦合到所述导电层，其特征在于所述触板进一步具有远离LED延伸的细长的第二部分，以用于减少导电层中的电流密度。
本发明提供一种照明设备，该照明设备实现了在透明导电层中能耗的显著减少。因为导电层几乎是最高功率耗散的地方。能耗是由于在金属触板直接外侧的导电层中电流密度的增加所引起的。通过延长触板使之显著超出LED的端子，所述层中电流密度的增加将显著减缓。因此根据本发明的照明设备对于能耗具有鲁棒性，特别是在高电流条件下。而且，由于在透明导电层上的电压降减少了，照明设备的效率得到提高。
在本发明的一实施例中，触板的第二部分具有长度为Lcp的第一边缘、宽度为Wcp的第二边缘，Lcp和Wcp满足下列关系Lcp≤Wcp*Rtcl/Rcp。
根据本发明的一实施例，触板的第二部分没有锐角。这有效地阻止典型地在锐角附近发现的电流密度水平的增加。
在根据本发明的照明设备的一实施例中，导电层通过分离的凹槽来结构化，并且触板的第二部分远离LED垂直于该凹槽延伸。
在本发明的一实施例中，第二部分的宽度Wcp小于触板的该第二部分连接到其的第一部分的宽度。这有利于优化照明设备100的透明度。
在一实施例中，所述触板包括一金属。
在一实施例中，所述导电层包括一种金属氧化物，该金属氧化物选自：InOx:Sn，SnOx:F，SnOx:Sb，ZnOx:Ga，ZnOx:B，ZnOx:F，ZnOx:Al，以及Ag/TiOx。
本发明的这些和其他方面将显著并被阐明通过参照下面描述的实施例。
附图说明
本发明的更多细节、特征和优点在下面结合附图对示范性和优选的实施例的描述中进行公开。
图1以侧视图示出现有技术的照明设备。
图2以顶视图示出根据本发明的照明设备。
图3示意性示出现有技术的照明设备(左侧)和根据本发明的照明设备(右侧)中的电流密度。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据现有技术的照明设备100。它包括通常由玻璃或类似PVC的塑料制成的透明衬底110。在该玻璃面板110的表面之一上有透明的导电层或涂层120。典型地，层120由一种氧化铟锡涂层制成。层120通常通过激光消融而被分离的凹槽125结构化。横跨凹槽125，安装了LED 130。LED端子131通过导电胶150，例如胶粘剂或焊料，耦合到导电层120。为了提高LED的接触稳定性，一层附加的金属涂层可以涂覆在ITO层120上面以形成用于焊接凸点150的触板140。将层120的分离部分连接到电源(未示出)会点亮LED。如图1所示，LED 130沿着向下的方向发射光。也就是说，通过透明衬底110。
如此制造的照明设备非常适合于装饰应用。而且，它们可以用作橱窗中玻璃门、壁板、甚至用作墙本身。导电层120和LED 130可以被结构化并定位，以使得(多色)造型(figurative)形式在其他(几乎)完全透明的面板中点亮。可替代地，可以显示文本消息。例如，当将照明设备用作商店的窗户时，可以照亮显示出商店的名称。
为了保障随后在生产线上不会出现更昂贵的下落，玻璃面板120上的电子结构通常在应力条件下测试。经验显示许多个照明设备100出现故障，由于在这种测试条件下和/或在设备的使用寿命期间使用的高电流。设备100的故障由热点引起，导致LED 130与导电层120之间的导电失败。由于在具有其有限的表面电阻(sheetresistance)Rtcl的层120内电流拥挤造成的能耗导致热点。甚至进一步由于正温度与表面电阻Rtcl有关，所以该状况恶化。
本发明提供对于该技术问题的解决方案。根据本发明，触板140设计为具有两个部分(图2)。第一部分141对应于现有技术已知的触板，而第二部分142远离LED 130延伸。这种测量方法在相对较高的导电金属触板140与相对较低的导电透明层120之间产生更大的边界线。因此，本发明的实施例在运行中与现有技术相比，金属触板140直接外侧的透明导电层中的电流密度210、220显著减少。图3以图示的方式描绘了这种情况，左侧是现有技术的情况，右侧是本发明的情况。优选地，触板140的第二部分142无(锐)角度并且具有环绕导电层120的环形边界线。环绕的边界线防止了典型地在成(锐)角度的角落附近发现的增加的电流密度210、220水平。
通常，透明涂层120由ITO制成。然而，已知许多金属氧化物材料适用于所提出的这种照明设备。通常针对这些材料的光透明度和导电率的特定特性组合来选择它们。这种金属氧化物的实例是：InOx:Sn、SnOx:F、SnOx:Sb、ZnOx:Ga、ZnOx:B、ZnOx:F、ZnOx:Al、以及Ag/TiOx。以ITO作为通用的实例，350nm厚的透明导电层120典型地具有表面电阻Rtcl～15Ω/□。为了增加照明设备的稳定性，触板140应当具有比导电层120低得多的电阻。金属涂层非常适合用于该目的，因为例如200nm厚的银层可以具有低达Rcp～0.2Ω/□的表面电阻。
如图2所示，触板140的第二部分142具有长度为Lcp的较长的边缘145和宽度为Wcp的较短的边缘146。注意到，第二部分142可以包括若干个扩展。已经发现触板140的扩展仅仅有益于照明设备100的鲁棒性的提高，长度与宽度比Lcp/Wcp＜Rtcl/Rcp。这可以被理解，否则触板140的电阻会大于Lcp×Wcp的区域的导电层120的电阻。根据本发明，通过触板140的扩展已经实现了能耗减低超过55％。因此，本发明明显地有助于照明系统100的鲁棒性。
为了保护安装在玻璃衬底110上的LED 130免受环境影响，优选的是，使用第二玻璃面板(未示出)将它们夹在中间。为了构造的稳定性，诸如聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)的透明薄片通常填充在夹层的玻璃板110之间的空间中。由于金属触板140是不透明的，则优选的是，将触板尽可能装配在也不透明的LED 130下面。因此，也优选使用顶部照亮的LED 130来代替现有技术中公开的下部照亮的LED 130。该方法的优点在于使得照明设备100的光学透明度最大化。
为了进一步优化透明度，有益的是，构造触板140的扩展142以最大化触板-导电层边界线。这可以通过垂直于分离的凹槽125延伸以形成图2中的扩展142b来顺利地实现。根据照明设备100的透明度的优化，第二部分142的宽度Wcp 146有利地小于触板的连接到第二部分142的第一部分141的尺寸，同时保持下列关系
Lcp≤Wcp*Rtcl/Rcp。
虽然已经参照上述实施例阐明了本发明，但是显然其他实施例可以可替代地用于实现相同的目的。因此，本发明的范围不限于上述实施例，而是也可以应用于任何其他应用设备，其中LED安装在透明衬底上并且通过透明导电层进行电寻址。

Claims (8)

1.一种照明设备(100)，包括
-载板(110)，
-结构化导电层(120)，其提供在所述载板的第一表面上并且具有表面电阻Rtcl，
-LED(130)，具有端子(131)，
-触板(140)，其提供在导电层(120)上并且具有表面电阻Rcp，比率Rtcl/Rcp大于1，该触板具有第一部分(141)，
-LED端子(131)经第一部分(141)耦合到导电层，
其特征在于
所述触板进一步具有远离LED(130)延伸以减少导电层(120)中的电流密度的细长的第二部分(142)。
2.根据权利要求1的照明设备，其中
第二部分(142)具有长度为Lcp的第一边缘(145)和宽度为Wcp的第二边缘(146)，Lcp和Wcp满足下列关系Lcp≤Wcp*Rtcl/Rcp。
3.根据权利要求2的照明设备，其中载板(110)和导电层(120)二者都是透明的。
4.根据权利要求1的照明设备，其中
-导电层(120)被分离的凹槽(125)结构化，以及
-第二部分(142)垂直于该凹槽(125)延伸。
5.根据前述权利要求1-4中任意一项的照明设备，其中第二部分(142)宽度Wcp(146)小于触板的连接到第二部分的第一部分(141)的宽度。
6.根据前述权利要求1-4中任意一项的照明设备，其中触板(140)包括金属。
7.根据前述权利要求1-4中任意一项的照明设备，其中第二部分(142)没有锐角。
8.根据前述权利要求1-4中任意一项的照明设备，其中导电层(120)包括金属氧化物，该金属氧化物选自由下述材料构成的组：
InOx:Sn、SnOx:F、SnOx:Sb、ZnOx:Ga、ZnOx:B、ZnOx:F、ZnOx:Al以及Ag/TiOx。
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