CN101563376A - 热敏聚合物染料转移抑制剂 - Google Patents
热敏聚合物染料转移抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101563376A CN101563376A CNA2007800473338A CN200780047333A CN101563376A CN 101563376 A CN101563376 A CN 101563376A CN A2007800473338 A CNA2007800473338 A CN A2007800473338A CN 200780047333 A CN200780047333 A CN 200780047333A CN 101563376 A CN101563376 A CN 101563376A
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- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- vinyl
- methyl
- purposes
- multipolymer
- Prior art date
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- -1 hydroxyethyl imidazole (methyl) acrylate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C=C YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011557 critical solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BPRQQBCEHAIQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C=C)(=O)OC.OCCN1C(CCC1)=O Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OC.OCCN1C(CCC1)=O BPRQQBCEHAIQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KBICSUODQLDGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylbenzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C=NC2=C1 KBICSUODQLDGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GIVBQSUFWURSOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyltriazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=N1 GIVBQSUFWURSOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butenoic acid Chemical compound CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 20
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 63
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 12
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SGZFJWQQBHYNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)C(=O)NC2=C1 SGZFJWQQBHYNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JXDYKVIHCLTXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isatin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=O)NC2=C1 JXDYKVIHCLTXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical class NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DHHFDKNIEVKVKS-FMOSSLLZSA-N Betanin Chemical class O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC(C(=C1)O)=CC(C[C@H]2C([O-])=O)=C1[N+]2=C\C=C\1C=C(C(O)=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)C/1 DHHFDKNIEVKVKS-FMOSSLLZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithionous acid Chemical compound OS(=O)S(O)=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 3
- UFZOPKFMKMAWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(methyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCOP(C)(O)=O UFZOPKFMKMAWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane - octane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003791 organic solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAYNEUUHHLGGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorododecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCl YAYNEUUHHLGGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVNIWWGCVMYYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C=C)=C1 WVNIWWGCVMYYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(O)(=O)=O KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imidazolidine Chemical compound C1CNCN1 WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTTDXDAWQMDLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium 3-[[4-[[4-[(6-amino-1-hydroxy-3-sulfonatonaphthalen-2-yl)diazenyl]-6-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl]diazenyl]naphthalen-1-yl]diazenyl]naphthalene-1,5-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].Nc1ccc2c(O)c(N=Nc3ccc(N=Nc4ccc(N=Nc5cc(c6cccc(c6c5)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)c5ccccc45)c4ccc(cc34)S([O-])(=O)=O)c(cc2c1)S([O-])(=O)=O QTTDXDAWQMDLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJAARRARQJZURR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound O.CN(C)C BJAARRARQJZURR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
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- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
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Abstract
本发明涉及热敏聚合物作为染料转移抑制剂的用途。本发明还涉及适合作为染料转移抑制剂的新型热敏聚合物及包含这些聚合物的洗涤剂。
Description
本发明涉及热敏聚合物作为染料转移抑制剂的用途。本发明还涉及适合作为染料转移抑制剂的新型热敏聚合物,并涉及包含这些聚合物的洗涤剂。
在洗涤操作过程中,染料分子常常脱离着色织物而又附在其它织物上。为了抑制这种不希望的染料转移,常常使用所谓的染料转移抑制剂。它们通常为包含共聚形式的具有氮杂环基团的单体的聚合物。
例如,DE 4235798描述了1-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、1-乙烯基咪唑、1-乙烯基咪唑鎓化合物或其混合物;其它含氮的碱性烯键式不饱和单体;及合适的话其它单烯键式不饱和单体的共聚物及其在洗涤操作中抑制染料转移的用途。
DE 19621509和WO 98/30664中描述了用于此目的的类似共聚物。
这些说明书中描述的一些共聚物的特征为良好地抑制洗涤过程中的染料转移。然而,它们通常与其它常规使用的洗涤剂组分的相容性低。例如,尤其是在液体洗涤剂的情况下,存在不相容的风险,例如呈混浊或相分离的形式。
有各种关于将具有下部临界会溶温度(LCST)的热敏聚合物用在洗涤和清洗剂配制剂中的描述。
GB 2377451公开了用于洗碟机的清洗剂,其中表面活性剂被水溶性聚合物包围,水溶性聚合物抑制了表面活性剂的释放,直到机器中超过表面活性剂的浊点。
JP 09192469描述了包含LCST聚合物的表面活性剂组合物。表面活性剂作用可以经由温度控制。
WO 2001/40420描述了具有常规成分的洗涤和清洗剂,其包含用LCST聚合物配制的活性成分配制剂。
DE 19958472公开了用于控制包含活性成分的活性成分或在与LCST物质的混合物中包含该活性成分的配制剂释放的颗粒状复合材料。
WO 2002/08137公开了控制活性成分或活性成分配制剂释放的颗粒状复合材料,其中该活性成分或活性成分配制剂涂覆有LCST聚合物。LCST聚合物与添加剂混合,该添加剂可用来改进成膜和/或调节LCST的温度。
WO 2002/44462描述了包含织物护理活性成分的颗粒状织物后处理组合物,其配制应使大部分活性组分在主要洗涤周期中以缓慢方式释放或直到主要洗涤周期以后才释放。例如,活性成分可以涂覆有LCST聚合物。
DE 10064635描述了由压紧的颗粒状洗涤或清洗剂组成的洗涤或清洗片剂,包含助洗剂、表面活性剂及合适的话其它洗涤或清洗剂组分,其配制应使其在与水接触时抑制溶解。
DE 10148353描述了在具有LCST功能层的洗涤和清洗片剂上形成释放抑制层的方法。
WO 2001/044433涉及一种衣用洗涤剂、洗碟机用洗涤剂或清洗剂部分,其包含两种或更多种洗涤或清洗活性组分(其中至少两种活性组分在洗涤或清洗操作中以不同时间释放到水溶液中),至少一个控制释放且不仅仅经受热控制(如果有的话)的(物理)化学开关以及一种或多种提高pH改变程度的物质。
在所有情况下,组合物中的LCST聚合物用于经由温度控制存在于组合物中的活性组分(活性成分/表面活性剂)的释放。
本发明目的是提供在洗涤操作中具有良好染料转移抑制作用的物质。这些物质应额外具有与常规洗涤剂组分的良好相容性,尤其是在液体洗涤剂配制剂的情况下。
这些和其它目的惊人地通过具有下部临界会溶温度(LCST)的热敏聚合物而解决。
因此本发明涉及具有下部临界会溶温度(LCST)的热敏聚合物作为织物洗涤剂中染料转移抑制剂的用途。
本发明还涉及一种洗涤着色织物的方法,其中
(a)将织物与至少一种具有LCST的热敏聚合物和至少一种表面活性剂在洗涤液中接触,
(b)将洗涤液的温度升至所述至少一种热敏聚合物的LCST或更高的温度,及
(c)将所述至少一种热敏聚合物与洗涤液一起从织物中去除。
本发明方法特别适于机洗,例如在市售全自动洗衣机中。
对于本发明,热敏性指的是具有LCST的聚合物。本领域熟练技术人员应理解这指的是在水溶液中的溶解度取决于温度(即低于LCST时溶于水而高于LCST时不溶于水)的聚合物。因此,在低于LCST时,聚合物-水混合物为单相的。高于LCST时,该聚合物-水混合物显示出分层。在这种情况下,还认为聚合物具有负的热变溶解度系数。
LCST为高于该温度则水-聚合物混合物变混浊的温度(浊点)。可以通过在特定温度范围内以特定加热速率加热聚合物水溶液而测定浊点或LCST。在该文献中,使用各种测量浊点的方法。实例为目测或分光光度测量,其中溶液透射根据温度以特定波长监测。
在该申请中,借助1重量%聚合物溶液在550nm的透射测量(温度范围为20-85℃,加热速率为每分钟1℃)而测定浊点。
认为本发明所用聚合物的有利特性是基于以下方面:在低于LCST的温度下,染料转移抑制剂经由染料亲和基团与洗涤液中游离染料结合或复合。在LCST或高于LCST的温度下,染料转移抑制剂变得疏水并因此不溶。染料被染料转移抑制剂封闭或固定并且可以在洗涤周期中从织物中去除,例如当用泵抽出热洗涤液时。
本发明所用聚合物的LCST通常至少为20℃。例如为20-95℃,优选为25-80℃,特别是30-60℃。
具有LCST的聚合物是本领域熟练技术人员已知的,例如由开头引用的现有技术获知。本发明所用聚合物的LCST取决于以下因素:化学组成、分子量和聚合物的浓度。例如,已知LCST可通过在聚合物中掺入较大比例的亲水性单体而增加。
合适的聚合物染料转移抑制剂原则上为在水中的LCST优选在上述温度范围内的所有聚合物。其实例为:
i)烷基化和羟烷基化多糖如羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、乙基(羟乙基)纤维素(EHEC)、羟丙基纤维素(HPC)、甲基纤维素(MC)及其混合物,以及烷基化和/或羟烷基化多糖与羧甲基纤维素的混合物;
ii)聚乙烯基己内酰胺、聚(N-烷基)丙烯酰胺和聚(N,N-二烷基丙烯酰胺),
iii)聚(丙烯酸羟丙酯)和聚(甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯),
iv)聚氧化乙烯和氧化乙烯/氧化丙烯共聚物以及聚氧化乙烯的基于烷基化丙烯酰胺的接枝共聚物,
v)聚乙烯醇和部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯;
vi)聚乙烯基甲基醚,
vii)特定蛋白质如聚(VAPGVV)(其中V=缬氨酸,A=丙氨酸,P=脯氨酸,G=甘氨酸)。
包含至少一种其均聚物或共聚物显示出热敏行为(即具有LCST)的单烯键式不饱和单体(a)和至少一种具有染料亲和基团的单烯键式不饱和单体(b)的基于烯键式不饱和单体M的共聚物也惊人地具有LCST。它们特别适合作为染料转移抑制剂。
这类共聚物也可以通过使单体M在接枝基质的存在下聚合而制备。这类聚合物是新型的且同样形成本发明主题的一部分。
因此本发明涉及一种共聚物,其适合作为染料转移抑制剂并包含至少一种其均聚物或共聚物显示出热响应行为的烯键式不饱和单体单元(a),至少一种具有染料亲和基团的烯键式不饱和单体单元(b)及合适的话接枝基质。
基于单体M的总量,单体(a)(或不同单体(a)的组合)占20-80重量%,尤其是30-70重量%并且单体(b)(或单体(b)的组合)占5-50重量%,优选10-40重量%。所述共聚物可以包含除单体(a)和(b)之外的其它单体单元(c)。当存在其它单体单元时,它们的量基于单体M的总量优选小于40重量%,特别是小于30重量%,并且基于单体单元(a)和(b)之和优选小于70重量%,特别是小于50重量%。当在接枝基质的存在下制备共聚物时,其比例基于来自单体M的单元之和优选小于100重量%,特别是小于60重量%,例如为5-100重量%,特别是10-60重量%。
本领域熟练技术人员熟悉其均聚物或共聚物显示出热敏行为且适合用于制备新型染料转移抑制剂的烯键式不饱和单体(a)。
这些单体例如选自:
-环大小为至少6个原子的N-乙烯基内酰胺,尤其是N-乙烯基己内酰胺和N-乙烯基戊内酰胺,例如N-乙烯基-3-甲基-∈-己内酰胺、N-乙烯基-∈-己内酰胺和N-乙烯基-δ-戊内酰胺;
-N-单-C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺如N-异丙基丙烯酰胺;
-N,N-二-C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺如N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺和N,N-二甲基甲基丙烯酰胺;
-(甲基)丙烯酸羟基-C2-C4烷基酯如丙烯酸羟丙酯;
-乙烯醇,例如通过水解乙酸乙烯酯制备;及
-乙烯基C1-C8烷基醚如乙烯基甲基醚。
其中,优选N-乙烯基己内酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸羟丙酯、乙烯醇和乙烯基甲基醚。特别优选N-乙烯基己内酰胺。
染料亲和基团为对于染料如直接染料、反应性染料和酸性染料显示出高亲和性的官能团。与染料相互作用的性质可以基于氢键、π-π相互作用、静电力如离子/离子相互作用、离子/偶极相互作用、插层反应或结合或其它合适的相互作用。
单体(b)中的染料亲和基团优选为可以稠合的5或6元氮杂环。5或6元氮杂环(N-杂环)可以是芳族(杂芳基)或部分或全部饱和的。另外,N-杂环可以任选具有一个或多个如1、2、3或4个选自C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基和苯基的取代基。此外,N-杂环可以具有羰基和/或N-氧化物基团作为环组成部分。另外,N-杂环例如可通过烷基化至少一个环中氮原子而以季铵化形式存在。此外,N-杂环还可以甜菜碱结构存在,其中该杂环的至少一个氮原子经由C1-C20链烷二基与选自-SO3 -、-OSO3 -、-COO-、-OPO(OH)O-、-OPO(ORf)O-或-PO(OH)O-(其中Rf为C1-C6烷基)的阴离子基团桥接。氮杂环可以稠合在一个或多个环体系上。稠合环体系可以是饱和、部分饱和或芳族的。优选的稠合环体系为苯环。
除了染料亲和基团,所述单体还具有用来使单体在共聚中掺入染料转移抑制剂的聚合物结构中的烯键式不饱和基团。合适的烯键式不饱和基团例如为C2-C6链烯基,尤其是乙烯基或(甲基)丙烯酰氧基或(甲基)丙烯酰胺基。
具有染料亲和基团的单体包括在其氮原子上带有C2-C6链烯基,尤其是乙烯基的5元内酰胺。这类内酰胺可以通过如下通式(I)描述:
其中
n为0、1或2;
Ra为H或C1-C4烷基;
Rb为C1-C4烷基,即形成内酰胺环的一个或多个CH2基团任选具有1或2个选自C1-C4烷基的取代基。
这类N-乙烯基内酰胺的实例为N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮类如N-乙烯基-3-甲基吡咯烷酮和N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮。优选的N-乙烯基内酰胺为N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
还合适的为N-乙烯基噁唑烷酮类如N-乙烯基-5-甲基噁唑烷酮和N-乙烯基噁唑烷酮。
具有染料亲和基团的单体还包括其N-杂环选自如下的N-乙烯基杂环单体:咪唑、咪唑啉和咪唑烷、吡啶、吡咯、吡咯烷、喹啉、异喹啉、嘌呤、吡唑、三唑、四唑、中氮茚、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪、吲哚、异吲哚、噁唑、噁唑烷、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、异噁唑、噻唑、异噻唑、3-吲哚氧基、靛红、二氧吲哚和乙内酰脲及其衍生物如丙二酰脲、尿嘧啶及其衍生物。所述单体还可以甜菜碱衍生物或季铵化产物的形式使用。
N-杂环特别选自咪唑、三唑、吡啶、N-氧化吡啶及其甜菜碱衍生物和季铵化产物,尤其是咪唑。
在优选的实施方案中,所述单体选自如下通式IV a的N-乙烯基咪唑、如下通式IV b的甜菜碱N-乙烯基咪唑、如下通式IV c和IV d的2-和4-乙烯基吡啶及如下通式IV e和IV f的甜菜碱2-和4-乙烯基吡啶:
其中
Rb、Rc、Rd、Re各自独立地为H、C1-C4烷基或苯基,优选H或C1-C4烷基,更优选H;
W1为C1-C20亚烷基,例如-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-(CH2)2-、-CH2-CH(CH3)-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)5-、-(CH2)6-,优选C1-C3亚烷基;尤其是-CH2-、-(CH2)2-或-(CH2)3-;
Q-为-SO3 -、-OSO3 -、-COO-、-OPO(OH)O-、-OPO(ORf)O-或-PO(OH)O-;及
Rf为C1-C24烷基如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、仲戊基、新戊基、1,2-二甲基丙基、异戊基、正己基、异己基、仲己基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基、正癸基;更优选C1-C4烷基。
还合适的是羟烷基取代的N-杂环的丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯,其中N-杂环选自咪唑、咪唑啉和咪唑烷、吡啶、吡咯、吡咯烷、喹啉、异喹啉、嘌呤、吡唑、三唑、四唑、中氮茚、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪、吲哚、异吲哚、噁唑、噁唑烷、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、异噁唑、噻唑、异噻唑、3-吲哚氧基、靛红、二氧吲哚和乙内酰脲及其衍生物。合适的单体例如为羟乙基吡咯烷酮(甲基)丙烯酸酯或羟乙基咪唑(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
优选的N-乙烯基杂环单体为N-乙烯基咪唑和C1-C4烷基乙烯基咪唑,例如N-乙烯基-2-甲基咪唑、N-乙烯基-4-甲基咪唑、N-乙烯基-5-甲基咪唑、N-乙烯基-2-乙基咪唑,特别是N-乙烯基咪唑和甲基乙烯基咪唑,尤其是N-乙烯基咪唑和N-乙烯基-2-甲基咪唑;3-乙烯基咪唑N-氧化物;2-和4-乙烯基吡啶如2-乙烯基-4-甲基吡啶、2-乙烯基-6-甲基吡啶及2-和4-乙烯基吡啶;乙烯基吡啶N-氧化物,例如2-和4-乙烯基吡啶N-氧化物如2-乙烯基-4-甲基吡啶N-氧化物、4-乙烯基-2-甲基吡啶-N-氧化物及2-和4-乙烯基吡啶N-氧化物;及其甜菜碱衍生物和季铵化产物。
特别优选的甜菜碱单体为式IV b、IV e和IV f的单体,其中W1-Q-结构部分为-CH2-COO-、-(CH2)2-SO3 -或-(CH2)3-SO3 -,Rb、Rc、Rd、Re各自为H。
所用季铵化单体优选为乙烯基咪唑和乙烯基吡啶,其可以在聚合之前或之后季铵化。特别优选使用1-甲基-3-乙烯基咪唑鎓甲基硫酸盐和甲氯化物。
季铵化尤其可以用烷基化剂如在烷基中通常具有1-24个碳原子的卤代烷或通常包含具有1-10个碳原子的烷基的硫酸二烷基酯进行。其中合适的烷基化剂的实例为氯代甲烷、溴代甲烷、碘代甲烷、乙基氯、乙基溴、丙基氯、己基氯、十二烷基氯、月桂基氯以及硫酸二甲酯和硫酸二乙酯。其它合适的烷基化剂例如为苄基卤,尤其是苄基氯和苄基溴;氯乙酸;氟硫酸甲酯;重氮甲烷;氧鎓化合物如三甲基氧鎓四氟硼酸盐;氧化烯如氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯和缩水甘油,其在酸的存在下使用;阳离子表氯醇。优选季铵化剂为氯代甲烷、硫酸二甲酯和硫酸二乙酯。
季铵化也可以类似聚合物的方式进行。
在优选的实施方案中,具有染料亲和基团的单体(b)选自N-乙烯基咪唑、季铵化N-乙烯基咪唑、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基三唑、N-乙烯基苯并咪唑、羟乙基吡咯烷酮(甲基)丙烯酸酯和羟乙基咪唑(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶及其衍生物如4-乙烯基吡啶N-氧化物。
在特别优选的实施方案中,具有染料亲和基团的单体选自N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基咪唑及N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮与N-乙烯基咪唑的混合物。
除了单体(a)和(b)外,本发明共聚物还可以共聚形式包含一种或多种可与单体(a)和(b)共聚的其它单体(c)。单体(c)的实例为:
-单烯键式不饱和C3-C10单羧酸和C4-C10二羧酸如(甲基)丙烯酸、巴豆酸、富马酸和马来酸;
-烯键式不饱和磺酸及其盐如乙烯基磺酸、2-丙烯酰氧基乙烷磺酸、2-和3-丙烯酰氧基丙烷磺酸、2-甲基-2-丙烯酰氨基丙烷磺酸和苯乙烯磺酸及它们的钠盐;
-饱和C1-C10羧酸的乙烯基酯如乙酸乙烯酯和丙酸乙烯酯;线性或支化C1-C10醇的烯丙基醚如烯丙基甲基醚、烯丙基乙基醚和烯丙基丙基醚;
-脂族羧酸的N-乙烯基酰胺,尤其是N-乙烯基甲酰胺如N-乙烯基-N-甲基甲酰胺和N-乙烯基甲酰胺本身;
-N-乙烯基-和N-烯丙基胺的季铵化产物如烷基化N-乙烯基-和N-烯丙基胺如N-乙烯基甲胺、N-乙烯基乙胺、N-烯丙基甲胺、N-烯丙基乙胺和N-烯丙基丙胺;
-单烯键式不饱和C3-C6单羧酸或C4-C6二羧酸与线性或支化脂族C1-C10醇的酯如丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、马来酸二甲酯、马来酸二乙酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯和甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯;单烯键式不饱和C4-C6二羧酸与线性或支化C1-C10醇的单酯如马来酸单甲酯和马来酸单乙酯;
-单烯键式不饱和C4-C6二羧酸的酐如马来酐;
-不饱和腈如丙烯腈和甲基丙烯腈;所述酸的盐、其衍生物及其混合物;及
-具有聚-C2-C6氧化烯基团的单烯键式不饱和化合物。
具有聚-C2-C6氧化烯基团的单烯键式不饱和化合物(在下文也称为聚氧化烯单体)通常为具有聚醚基团和具有烯键式不饱和双键的分子结构部分的化合物,其中聚醚基团由来自氧化烯的重复单元形成(聚氧化烯基团)。它们特别包括如下通式X的单体:
其中各变量定义如下:
当Y为-O-时X为-CH2-或-CO-;当Y为-NH-时X为-CO-;
R1为氢或甲基;
R2为可以是线性或支化且可以嵌段或无规排列的相同或不同C2-C6亚烷基,尤其是线性或支化且以嵌段或无规排列的相同或不同C2-C4亚烷基,优选亚乙基、1,2-或1,3-亚丙基或其混合物,更优选亚乙基;
R3为氢或C1-C4烷基,尤其是氢或甲基;
n为3-50,尤其是5-30的整数
及其混合物,其中n平均具有3-50的值(数均)。优选其中至少50mol%的基团R2为CH2-CH2的那些化合物。尤其优选其中X为CH2或CO的那些化合物。尤其优选Y为O的那些化合物。
特殊应用要求可能影响单体(c)的类型和量的选择。例如,可能需要使本发明聚合物在使用前进一步以选择性方式如通过控制醇解、氨解或水解而反应。例如,特别是可以由乙烯酯单元形成对应于乙烯醇单元的单元,及由乙烯基甲酰胺单元形成对应于乙烯基胺单元的单元。
在优选的实施方案中,单体(c)选自单烯键式不饱和聚氧化烯单体,尤其是式X的单体。
对应于式X的单体(C)例如为:
-(甲基)丙烯酸与聚亚烷基二醇的反应产物,其为未封端、在一端被烷基封端、在一端被胺化或在一端被烷基封端且在一端被胺化的;
-聚亚烷基二醇的烯丙基醚,其为未封端或在一端被烷基、苯基或烷基苯基封端的。
优选的式X单体为(甲基)丙烯酸酯和烯丙基醚,特别优选丙烯酸酯,特别是甲基丙烯酸酯。
由式X描述的单体(C)的特别合适的实例包括:
-每种情况下具有3-50个,优选3-30个,更优选5-30个氧化烯单元的甲基聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺、甲基聚丙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺、甲基聚丁二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺、甲基聚(氧化丙烯-氧化乙烯)(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙基聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙基聚丙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺、乙基聚丁二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺及乙基聚(氧化丙烯-氧化乙烯)(甲基)丙烯酸酯和(甲基)丙烯酰胺,优选甲基聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯,特别优选甲基聚乙二醇甲基丙烯酸酯;
-每种情况下具有3-50个,优选3-30个,更优选5-30个氧化烯单元的乙二醇烯丙基醚和甲基乙二醇烯丙基醚、丙二醇烯丙基醚和甲基丙二醇烯丙基醚。
在本发明共聚物的第一个优选实施方案中,单体(c)的比例基于用于制备所述共聚物的单体M的总重为小于5重量%,尤其是小于1重量%。这类聚合物优选在接枝基质存在下制备。
在本发明共聚物的另一个优选实施方案中,单体(c)的比例基于用于制备所述共聚物的单体M的总重为1-40重量%,尤其是5-30重量%。这类聚合物优选在接枝基质不存在下制备。
所述共聚物可以在接枝基质存在下制备。接枝基质通常为水溶性聚合物(在20℃下),其合适的话也可以具有LCST。接枝基质优选选自聚-C2-C4亚烷基醚和聚-C2-C4亚烷基亚胺。
接枝基质的数均分子量Mn通常为300-100000,尤其是500-50000。
本发明共聚物的接枝基质优选为聚-C2-C4亚烷基醚。术语“共聚物”也包括低聚化合物。
聚醚的数均分子量Mn优选为至少300且具有如下通式IIIa:
或IIIb:
其中各变量定义如下:
R1为羟基、氨基、C1-C24烷氧基、R7-COO-、R7-NH-COO-、多元醇基团;
R2、R3、R4相同或不同,且各自选自-(CH2)2-、-(CH2)3-、-(CH2)4-、-CH2-CH(CH3)-、-CH2-CH(CH2-CH3)-、-CH2-CHOR8-CH2-;
R5为氢、氨基-C1-C6烷基、C1-C24烷基、R7-CO-、R7-NH-CO-;
R6为C1-C20亚烷基,其碳链可以被1-10个醚官能团中的氧原子间隔;
R7为C1-C24烷基;
R8为氢、C1-C24烷基、R7-CO-;
A为化学键、-CO-O-、-CO-B-CO-O-、-CO-NH-B-NH-CO-O-、-(CH2)t-,任选取代的亚芳基;
B为-(CH2)t-、需要的话被取代的亚芳基;
n为1或当R1为多元醇基团时为1-8;
s为0-500;
t为1-12;
u相同或不同,且各自为1-5000;
v相同或不同,且各自为0-5000;
w相同或不同,且各自为0-5000。
选择n、u、v和w之和使得特定分子或分子混合物的分子量在上文规定的范围内。
优选接枝基质为式IIIa的聚醚。
接枝基质为选自基于氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯和氧化丁烯的聚氧化烯、聚四氢呋喃和聚甘油的聚醚。
取决于单体单元的类型,形成具有以下结构单元的聚合物:-(CH2)2-O-、-(CH2)3-O-、-(CH2)4-O-、-CH2-CH(CH3)-O-、-CH2-CH(CH2-CH3)-O-、-CH2-CHOR8-CH2-O-。
均聚物和共聚物均合适,且共聚物可以为无规分布的或以嵌段聚合物的形式存在。
在氧化烯或甘油基础上制备的聚醚的端伯羟基以及聚甘油的仲OH基可以游离形式存在或用C1-C24醇醚化、用C1-C24羧酸酯化或与异氰酸酯反应而得到尿烷。适合此目的的醇例如为脂族伯醇如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇和丁醇,芳族伯醇如苯酚、异丙基苯酚、叔丁基苯酚、辛基苯酚、壬基苯酚和萘酚,脂族仲醇如异丙醇,脂族叔醇如叔丁醇,及多元醇,例如二醇如乙二醇、二甘醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇和丁二醇及三醇如甘油和三羟甲基丙烷。然而,羟基也可以通过用氢气-氨混合物在压力下还原胺化而交换成伯氨基,或者通过用丙烯腈氰乙基化和氢化而转变成氨基亚丙基端基。羟端基的封端不仅可以随后通过与醇或与碱金属氢氧化物溶液、胺和羟基胺反应进行,而且这些化合物还可以类似于路易斯酸如三氟化硼在聚合开始时用作起始剂。
最后,羟基还可以通过与烷基化剂如硫酸二甲酯反应而封端。
式IIIa和IIIb中的烷基可以是支化或直链C1-C24烷基,优选C1-C12烷基,特别优选C1-C6烷基。实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、1-甲基乙基、正丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、正戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、正己基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、正庚基、2-乙基己基、正辛基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一烷基、正十二烷基、正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十五烷基、正十六烷基、正十七烷基、正十八烷基、正十九烷基和正二十烷基。
聚醚的数均分子量Mn至少为300且通常小于100000。优选为500-50000,更优选为500-10000,最优选为500-5000。
有利地将氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯、氧化丁烯和氧化异丁烯的均聚物和共聚物(其可以是线性或支化的)用作接枝基质。根据本发明,术语“均聚物”还包括那些除了聚合氧化烯单元外还包含用于引发环醚聚合或用于封端聚合物的反应性分子的聚合物。
支化聚醚可以通过例如将氧化乙烯和需要的话氧化丙烯和/或氧化丁烯或者聚甘油加至低分子量多元醇(式IIIa和IIIb中基团R7)如季戊四醇、甘油及糖或糖醇如蔗糖、D-山梨糖醇和D-甘露糖醇,二糖上而制备。
这可以形成其中存在于多元醇分子中的至少一个,优选1-8个,更优选1-5个羟基可以醚键的形式与式IIIa或IIIb的聚醚基键合的聚合物。
可以通过将氧化烯加至二胺,优选乙二胺上而获得四支链聚合物。
其它支化聚合物可以通过使氧化烯与更高官能度的胺如三胺或尤其是聚乙烯亚胺反应而制备。适合此目的的聚乙烯亚胺的平均分子量Mn通常为300-20000,优选为500-10000,更优选为500-5000。氧化烯与聚乙烯亚胺的重量比通常为100∶1至0.1∶1,优选为20∶1至0.5∶1。
特别优选使用氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯的均聚物和共聚物作为接枝基质,其可以在一端或两端封端。
具有高氧化丙烯含量的聚氧化丙烯和共聚氧化烯的特定优点是容易进行接枝。具有高氧化乙烯含量的聚氧化乙烯和共聚氧化烯的特定优点是在接枝完成且具有与聚氧化丙烯情况下相同的接枝密度时,侧链与接枝基质的重量比更大。
本发明共聚物的K值通常为10-150,优选为10-80,更优选为15-60(根据H.Fikentscher,Cellulose-Chemie,第13卷,第58-64和71-74页(1932)在25℃下在水中或氯化钠水溶液(NaCl浓度为0.1-7.0重量%)中测定,并且根据K值范围聚合物浓度为0.1-5重量%)。每种情况下可以根据原料组成确定所需K值。
本发明共聚物可以通过使(a)至少一种其均聚物或共聚物显示出热敏行为的烯键式不饱和单体和(b)至少一种具有染料亲和基团的烯键式不饱和单体以及合适的话与不同于它们的单体(c)合适的话在接枝基质的存在下自由基聚合而制备。
单体的自由基聚合可以通过所有已知的方法如溶液聚合、乳液聚合、悬浮聚合或本体聚合进行;优选溶液聚合和本体聚合方法,非常特别优选溶液聚合。
有利地进行溶液聚合,即在作为反应介质的有机溶剂或溶剂混合物中、水中或在水与有机溶剂混合物中进行聚合。在优选的实施方案中,反应介质主要包含有机溶剂/溶剂混合物,即水的比例基于溶剂总量小于30体积%,尤其是小于10体积%。
合适有机溶剂的实例为乙酸烷基酯如乙酸乙酯,脂族和脂环族C1-C4一元醇如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、仲丁醇和叔丁醇;多元醇如C1-C4二醇如乙二醇、丙二醇和丁二醇及甘油;多元醇的单-或二烷基醚如所述多元醇的C1-C4烷基醚如单甲基乙二醇、单乙基乙二醇、二甲基乙二醇和二甲基丙二醇;醚醇如二甘醇和三甘醇;以及环醚如二噁烷。优选有机溶剂为乙酸烷基酯和醇。
合适的自由基引发剂特别是过氧化合物、偶氮化合物、氧化还原引发剂体系和还原化合物。应理解也可以使用自由基引发剂混合物。
在可热活化的聚合引发剂中,优选分解温度(“10小时半衰期分解温度”)为20-180℃,尤其是50-120℃的引发剂。优选热引发剂的实例为无机过氧化合物如过二硫酸盐(铵和碱金属硫酸盐,优选过二硫酸钠)、过硫酸盐、过碳酸盐和过氧化氢;有机过氧化合物如过氧化二乙酰、过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化二戊基、过氧化二辛酰、过氧化二癸酰、过氧化二月桂酰、过氧化二苯甲酰、过氧化双(邻甲苯)、过氧化琥珀酰、过乙酸叔丁酯、过马来酸叔丁酯、过异丁酸叔丁酯、过新戊酸叔丁酯、过辛酸叔丁酯、过新癸酸叔丁酯、过苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化叔丁基、氢过氧化叔丁基、氢过氧化枯烯、过氧-2-乙基己酸叔丁酯和过氧二氨基甲酸二异丙酯;偶氮化合物如2,2’-偶氮二异丁腈、2,2’-偶氮二(2-甲基丁腈)和偶氮二(2-脒基丙烷)二盐酸盐。
这些引发剂可以与还原化合物结合使用作为起始剂/调节剂体系。这类还原化合物的实例包括磷化合物如亚磷酸、次磷酸盐和次膦酸盐,硫化合物如亚硫酸氢钠、亚硫酸钠和甲醛合次硫酸氢钠以及肼。合适的实例还为氢过氧化叔丁基/焦亚硫酸钠和氢过氧化叔丁基/羟甲基亚磺酸钠组合;额外地加入少量氧化还原金属盐如铁盐的体系如抗坏血酸/硫酸亚铁(II)/过二硫酸钠。
优选引发剂可以使用量溶于聚合介质中。因此优选水溶性引发剂。特别优选的引发剂为上述重氮化合物,尤其是水溶性重氮化合物如偶氮二(2-脒基丙烷)二盐酸盐。
光敏引发剂同样合适;例如二苯酮、乙酰苯、苯偶姻醚、苄基二烷基酮及其衍生物。
根据待聚合材料的要求,聚合引发剂的用量在每种情况下基于待聚合单体通常为0.01-15重量%,优选为0.25-8重量%,并且可以单独使用或彼此结合使用以利用有利的协同效应。
为限制本发明共聚物的摩尔质量,可以在聚合中加入常规调节剂,例如巯基化合物如巯基乙醇、巯基乙酸、1,4-二巯基丁烷-2,3-二醇;碱金属亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐如亚硫酸钠;碱金属亚磷酸盐和次磷酸盐如次磷酸钠等。调节剂的合适量基于待聚合单体通常为0.01-5重量%。
聚合温度通常为30-200℃,优选为50-150℃,更优选为60-90℃。
聚合可以在大气压力下进行;合适的话,也可以在封闭体系中在其产生的自生压力下进行。
通常制备该共聚物之后还可以进行化学和/或物理除臭,即去除未转化单体。物理除臭例如通过蒸除部分含水聚合介质和/或借助通入热蒸汽而用蒸汽去除聚合混合物中单体。化学除臭通过使用更苛刻聚合条件合适的话在痕量过渡金属如Fe2+或Fe3+的存在下以如下方式去除反应混合物中未转化单体:例如通过加入其它聚合引发剂,通常通过加入上述氧化还原引发剂,尤其是通过加入氢过氧化物如过氧化氢和烷基氢过氧化物如氢过氧化叔丁基与还原剂,尤其是含硫还原剂如亚硫酸氢盐、连二亚硫酸盐、亚硫酸氢盐与酮的加合物如丙酮-亚硫酸氢盐加合物、羟甲基亚磺酸盐等的组合。
在溶液聚合中得到的反应混合物包含浓度通常为10-70重量%,优选为20-60重量%(聚合溶液的固体含量)的共聚物。
本发明共聚物优选以其水溶液形式使用。这里优选那些以其水溶液或乳液形式优选具有中性或碱性pH的共聚物。为了与洗涤剂中其它组分混合,共聚物溶液可以直接使用或通过添加碱或酸来调节pH。水溶液的共聚物含量通常为10-70重量%,优选为20-60重量%。
混合物的优选pH范围通常为5-11,优选为6-10,更优选为6.5-9,最优选为7-8.9。
本发明共聚物也可以粉末或颗粒形式使用。
染料转移抑制剂在低于LCST时是水溶性的并且可以用在固体和液体洗涤剂中和衣用后处理组合物中。它们的特征在于与常规洗涤剂组分,尤其是与液体洗涤剂组分高度相容。
有效抑制了染料转移至其它洗涤织物上及伴随的该织物的不希望变色。甚至在洗涤液或漂洗液中的浓度为10-150ppm时也获得了好至非常好的染料转移抑制作用。
同样本发明固体洗涤剂配制剂尤其包含以下组分:
(a)0.05-20重量%的至少一种热敏聚合物,
(b)0.5-40重量%的至少一种非离子、阴离子和/或阳离子表面活性剂,
(c)0.5-50重量%的无机助洗剂,
(d)0-10重量%的无机共助洗剂和
(e)0.1-60重量%的其它常规成分如标准化剂、酶、香料、配位剂、防腐蚀剂、漂白剂、漂白活性剂、漂白催化剂、其它护色添加剂和染料转移抑制剂、泛灰抑制剂、去污聚酯、纤维保护添加剂、聚硅氧烷、染料、杀菌剂和保存剂、溶解改进剂和/或崩解剂、水,
其中组分(a)-(e)之和为100重量%。
本发明固体洗涤剂配制剂可以粉末、颗粒、挤出物或片剂形式存在。
本发明液体洗涤剂配制剂优选具有以下组成:
(a)0.05-20重量%的至少一种热敏聚合物,
(b)0.5-70重量%的至少一种非离子、阴离子和/或阳离子表面活性剂,
(c)0-20重量%的无机助洗剂,
(d)0-10重量%的有机共助洗剂,
(e)0.1-60重量%的其它常规成分如苏打、酶、香料、配位剂、防腐蚀剂、漂白剂、漂白活性剂、漂白催化剂、其它护色添加剂和染料转移抑制剂、泛灰抑制剂、去污聚酯、纤维保护添加剂、聚硅氧烷、染料、杀菌剂和保存剂、有机溶剂、增溶剂、水溶助长剂、增稠剂和/或链烷醇胺及
(f)0-99.35重量%的水。
本发明衣用后处理组合物(尤其是衣用护理漂洗剂)优选包含:
(a)0.05-20重量%的至少一种热敏聚合物,
(b)0.1-40重量%的至少一种阳离子表面活性剂,
(c)0-30重量%的至少一种非离子表面活性剂,
(d)0.1-30重量%的其它常规成分如聚硅氧烷、其它润滑剂、润湿剂、成膜聚合物、香料和染料、稳定剂、纤维保护添加剂、其它纤维保护添加剂和染料转移抑制剂、配位剂、粘度改进剂、去污剂、增溶剂、水溶助长剂、防腐蚀剂、杀菌剂和保存剂及
(e)0-99.75重量%的水。
合适的非离子表面活性剂(B)特别是:
-C8-C22醇烷氧基化物如脂肪醇烷氧基化物、羰基合成醇烷氧基化物和格尔伯特醇乙氧基化物:烷氧基化可以用氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯和/或氧化丁烯进行。可以存在嵌段共聚物或无规共聚物。它们通常包含2-50摩尔,优选3-20摩尔的至少一种氧化烯/摩尔醇。优选的氧化烯为氧化乙烯。所述醇优选具有10-18个碳原子;
-烷基酚烷氧基化物,尤其是烷基酚乙氧基化物,其包含C6-C14烷基链和5-30摩尔氧化烯/摩尔;
-烷基聚葡糖苷,其包含C8-C22烷基链,优选C10-C18烷基链和通常1-20个,优选1.1-5个葡糖苷单元;
-N-烷基葡糖酰胺、脂肪酸酰胺烷氧基化物、脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺烷氧基化物、长链氧化胺、多羟基(烷氧基)脂肪酸衍生物如多羟基脂肪酸酰胺、偕表面活性剂和由氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯和/或氧化丁烯形成的嵌段共聚物;
及其混合物。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂例如是:
-具有8-22个,优选10-18个碳原子的(脂肪)醇的硫酸盐,尤其是C9-C11醇硫酸盐、C12-C14醇硫酸盐、C12-C18醇硫酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、十六烷基硫酸盐、肉豆蔻基硫酸盐、棕榈基硫酸盐、硬脂基硫酸盐和牛油脂肪醇硫酸盐;
-硫酸化C8-C22醇烷氧基化物(烷基醚硫酸盐):这类化合物例如通过首先将C8-C22醇,优选C10-C18醇如脂肪醇烷氧基化,然后硫酸化该烷氧基化产物而制备。对于烷氧基化,优选使用氧化乙烯;
-线性C8-C20烷基苯磺酸盐(LAS),优选线性C9-C13烷基苯磺酸盐和烷基甲苯磺酸盐;
-链烷磺酸盐,尤其是C8-C24链烷磺酸盐,优选C10-C18链烷磺酸盐;
-烯烃磺酸盐;
-脂肪酸磺酸盐和脂肪酸酯磺酸盐;
-皂如C8-C24羧酸的钠和钾盐;
及其混合物。
阴离子表面活性剂优选以盐的形式加入洗涤剂中。合适的盐例如为碱金属盐如钠盐、钾盐和锂盐及铵盐如羟乙基铵盐、二(羟乙基)铵盐和三(羟乙基)铵盐。
特别合适的阳离子表面活性剂包括:
-C7-C25烷基胺;
-N,N-二甲基-N-(羟基-C7-C25烷基)铵盐;
-用烷基化剂季铵化的单-和二(C7-C25烷基)二甲基铵化合物;
-酯基季铵盐,尤其是已被C8-C22羧酸酯化的单-、二-和三链烷醇酯季铵盐;
-咪唑啉季铵盐,尤其是下式II或III的1-烷基咪唑啉鎓盐:
其中各变量定义如下:
R9为C1-C25烷基或C2-C25链烯基;
R10为C1-C4烷基或羟基-C1-C4烷基;
R11为C1-C4烷基、羟基-C1-C4烷基或基团R1-(CO)-X-(CH2)m-(X:-O-或-NH-;m:2或3),
其中至少一个基团R9为C7-C22烷基。
合适的两性表面活性剂例如为烷基甜菜碱、烷基酰胺甜菜碱、氨基丙酸盐、氨基甘氨酸盐和两性咪唑鎓化合物。
合适的无机助洗剂特别是:
-具有离子交换特性的结晶和无定形铝硅酸盐,特别是沸石类:各种类型的沸石均合适,尤其是呈其Na形式或呈其中Na被其它阳离子如Li、K、Ca、Mg或铵部分替换的形式的沸石A、X、B、P、MAP和HS;
-结晶硅酸盐,尤其是二硅酸盐和片状硅酸盐,例如δ-和β-Na2Si2O5。硅酸盐可以其碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐形式使用;优选硅酸钠、硅酸锂和硅酸镁;
-无定形硅酸盐如偏硅酸钠和无定形二硅酸盐;
-碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐:它们可以其碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐形式使用。优选钠、锂和镁的碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐,尤其是碳酸钠和/或碳酸氢钠;及
-多磷酸盐如三磷酸五钠。
合适的有机共助洗剂特别是:
-低分子量羧酸如柠檬酸、疏水改性的柠檬酸如松蕈酸、马来酸、酒石酸、葡糖酸、戊二酸、琥珀酸、亚氨二琥珀酸、氧基二琥珀酸、丙烷三甲酸、丁烷四甲酸、环戊烷四甲酸、烷基-和链烯基琥珀酸及氨基多羧酸如氨三乙酸、β-氨基丙酸二乙酸、乙二胺四乙酸、丝氨酸二乙酸、异丝氨酸二乙酸、N-(2-羟乙基)亚氨乙酸、乙二胺二琥珀酸及甲基-和乙基甘氨酸二乙酸或其碱金属盐;
-低聚和聚羧酸如丙烯酸均聚物和天冬氨酸均聚物,低聚马来酸,马来酸与丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸或C2-C22烯烃如异丁烯或长链α-烯烃、乙烯基C1-C8烷基醚、乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、C1-C8醇的(甲基)丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯的共聚物。优选丙烯酸均聚物和丙烯酸与马来酸的共聚物。低聚和聚羧酸以酸的形式或钠盐使用;
-膦酸,例如1-羟基亚乙基(1,1-二膦酸)、氨基三(亚甲基膦酸)、乙二胺四(亚甲基膦酸)和二亚乙基三胺五(亚甲基膦酸)及其碱金属盐。
合适的泛灰抑制剂例如为羧甲基纤维素和乙酸乙烯酯与聚乙二醇的接枝聚合物。
合适的漂白剂例如为过氧化氢与无机盐的加合物,例如单水合过硼酸钠、四水合过硼酸钠和过碳酸钠及过羧酸如苯二酰亚氨基过己酸。
合适的漂白活性剂例如为N,N,N’,N’-四乙酰基乙二胺(TAED)、对壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠和N-甲基吗啉-乙腈甲基硫酸盐。
优选在洗涤剂中使用的酶为蛋白酶、脂酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶、氧化酶和过氧化物酶。
合适的其它染料转移抑制剂例如为1-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、1-乙烯基咪唑或4-乙烯基吡啶N-氧化物的均聚物、共聚物和接枝聚合物。与氯乙酸反应的4-乙烯基吡啶的均聚物和共聚物也适合作为染料转移抑制剂。
另外,洗涤剂成分是常识。详细描述例如可以在WO-A-99/06524和99/04313;Liquid Detergents,编辑:Kuo-Yann Lai,Surfactant Sci.Ser.,第67卷,Marcel Decker,纽约,1997,第272-304页中找到。
本发明LCST聚合物的用途:
在白棉试验织物及由棉/聚酯和聚酯制成的耐冲击织物(ballast fabric)的存在下用添加了LCST聚合物的洗涤剂在60℃下洗涤所选的着色织物(EMPA 130、EMPA 132、EMPA 133或EMPA 134)。洗涤周期后,冲洗、旋转和干燥该织物。为了测定染料转移抑制作用,光度(光度计:来自Datacolor的2000)测定白色试验织物的着色。通过A.Kud,Seifen,Fette,Wachse,第119卷,第590-594页(1993)中描述的方法使用在试验织物上测得的反射值测定染色剂的着色强度。试验织物在特定试验物质存在下的实验的着色强度、在特定试验物质不存在下的实验的着色强度和在洗涤前的着色强度用于确定试验物质的染料转移抑制作用(%),通过下式表示:
在表1中规定了洗涤条件。
在表2和3中重述了所用洗涤剂A和B的组成。
在表4中列出了染料转移抑制的试验结果。
表1
表2
用氢氧化钠溶液调节至pH 9。
表3
本发明共聚物的制备
聚合物1:
在具有锚式搅拌器和内部温度计的2l聚合设备中,将210g聚乙二醇单甲醚(MW 1500)、12g乙酸乙酯和4g进料2的混合物用氮气搅动并加热至77℃。在77℃下搅拌4分钟后,在5小时内计量加入由300g乙烯基己内酰胺、90g 1-乙烯基咪唑和180g乙酸乙酯组成的进料1,并在5.5小时内计量加入由5.85g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和50g乙酸乙酯组成的进料2。随后,加入由5.2g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和44g乙酸乙酯组成的进料3。在77℃下再搅拌该反应混合物4小时,然后在93-100℃下进行水蒸汽蒸馏。得到澄清黄色聚合物溶液。
聚合物2:
在具有锚式搅拌器和内部温度计的2l聚合设备中,将210g聚乙二醇单甲醚(MW 1500)、12.0g乙酸乙酯和4g进料2的混合物用氮气搅动并加热至77℃。4分钟后,在5小时内搅拌计量加入由240g乙烯基己内酰胺、75g乙烯基吡咯烷酮、75g乙烯基咪唑和180g乙酸乙酯组成的进料1,并在5.5小时内计量加入由5.85g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和50g乙酸乙酯组成的进料2。随后,加入由5.2g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和44g乙酸乙酯组成的进料3。在77℃下再搅拌该混合物4小时。然后在93-100℃下进行水蒸汽蒸馏。得到黄色澄清聚合物溶液。
聚合物3:
在具有锚式搅拌器和内部温度计的2l聚合设备中,将120g聚乙烯亚胺(MW 2000)、12.0g乙酸乙酯和4g进料2的混合物用氮气搅动并加热至77℃。4分钟后,在5小时内搅拌计量加入由240g乙烯基己内酰胺、120g乙烯基吡咯烷酮、120g乙烯基咪唑和180g乙酸乙酯组成的进料1,并在5.5小时内计量加入由7.2g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和50g乙酸乙酯组成的进料2。随后,加入由6.4g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和44g乙酸乙酯组成的进料3。在77℃下再搅拌该混合物4小时。然后在93-100℃下进行水蒸汽蒸馏。得到黄色澄清聚合物溶液。
聚合物4:
在具有锚式搅拌器和内部温度计的2l聚合设备中,将120g聚乙二醇单甲醚(MW 6000)、95g乙酸乙酯和4g进料2的混合物用氮气搅动并加热至77℃。4分钟后,在5小时内搅拌计量加入由300g乙烯基己内酰胺、180g乙烯基咪唑和100g乙酸乙酯组成的进料1,并在5.5小时内计量加入由7.2g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)和50g乙酸乙酯组成的进料2。随后,加入由6.4g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)组成的进料3。在77℃下再搅拌该混合物4小时。然后在93-100℃下进行水蒸汽蒸馏。得到黄色澄清聚合物溶液。
聚合物5:
在具有锚式搅拌器和内部温度计的2l聚合设备中,将200g乙酸乙酯用氮气搅动并加热至77℃。一旦达到这个温度,就开始并在5.5小时内加入由在140g乙酸乙酯中的20.4g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)组成的进料3。在77℃下搅拌4分钟后,在5小时内计量加入由在130g乙酸乙酯中的53.9g聚乙二醇单甲醚单丙烯酸酯(MW 1000)(83.5%,甲苯中)组成的进料1及由150g乙烯基己内酰胺和105g乙烯基咪唑组成的进料2。加完进料3之后,加入由在20g乙酸乙酯中的3.4g过新戊酸叔丁酯(75%)组成的进料4。在77℃下再搅拌该反应混合物4小时。随后在93-100℃下进行水蒸汽蒸馏。得到黄色澄清聚合物溶液。
表4:聚合物1-5的分析值
聚合物 | 固体含量(%) | K值 | 浊点(℃)(1重量%水溶液) |
1 | 37 | 23.2 | 36 |
2 | 49.9 | 24.1 | 48 |
3 | 44.6 | 24.6 | 54 |
4 | 19.6 | 42.7 | 36 |
5 | 39.0 | 30.6 | 42 |
记录的K值根据H.Fikentscher,Cellulose-Chemie,第13卷,第58-64页和761-774页(1932)以1重量%水溶液在25℃下测定。
聚合物的浊点(或LCST)在1%水溶液中测定(温度范围为20-80℃,在加热和冷却过程中加热速率均为1℃/分钟)。
表5:液体洗涤剂A的用途
PVP=K值为30的聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮
表6:固体洗涤剂B的用途
Claims (20)
1.具有下部临界会溶温度(LCST)的热敏聚合物作为织物洗涤剂中染料转移抑制剂的用途。
2.根据权利要求1的用途,其中所述热敏聚合物的LCST为20-80℃。
3.根据权利要求1或2的用途,其中所述热敏聚合物为包含至少一种其均聚物和/或共聚物显示出热敏行为的单烯键式不饱和单体(a)和至少一种具有染料亲和基团的单烯键式不饱和单体(b)的烯键式不饱和单体M的共聚物。
4.根据权利要求3的用途,其中所述单体M基于单体M的总量包含:
i.20-80重量%的至少一种单体(a)和
ii.5-50重量%的至少一种单体(b)及
iii.至多40重量%的除了单体(a)和(b)外的一种或多种单体(c)。
5.根据权利要求4的用途,其中单体(a)选自环大小为至少6个原子的N-乙烯基内酰胺、N-单-C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N,N-二-C1-C8烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯酸羟基-C2-C4烷基酯、乙烯醇和C1-C8烷基乙烯基醚。
6.根据权利要求5的用途,其中所述单体(a)选自N-乙烯基己内酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸羟丙酯、乙烯醇和乙烯基甲基醚。
7.根据权利要求6的用途,其中所述单体(a)为N-乙烯基己内酰胺。
8.根据权利要求3-7中任一项的用途,其中所述单体(b)中的染料亲和基团为可以稠合的5或6元氮杂环。
9.根据权利要求8的用途,其中所述单体(b)选自N-乙烯基咪唑、季铵化N-乙烯基咪唑、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、N-乙烯基三唑、N-乙烯基苯并咪唑、羟乙基吡咯烷酮(甲基)丙烯酸酯和羟乙基咪唑(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-乙烯基吡啶、4-乙烯基吡啶及其衍生物。
10.根据权利要求9的用途,其中所述单体(b)为N-乙烯基咪唑。
11.根据上述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中所述单体M包含至少一种选自具有聚-C2-C6氧化烯基团的单烯键式不饱和化合物的单体(c)。
12.根据上述权利要求中任一项的用途,其中所述共聚物通过使单体M在接枝基质的存在下共聚而获得。
13.根据权利要求12的用途,其中所述接枝基质选自聚-C2-C4亚烷基醚和聚-C2-C4亚烷基亚胺。
14.根据权利要求12或13的用途,其中接枝基质与全部量烯键式不饱和单体M的重量比为1∶10-1∶1。
15.一种洗涤着色织物的方法,其中
(a)将织物与根据权利要求1-14中任一项的热敏聚合物和至少一种表面活性剂在洗涤液中接触,
(b)将洗涤液的温度升至所述热敏聚合物的LCST或更高的温度,及
(c)将所述热敏聚合物与洗涤液一起从织物中去除。
16.一种由不饱和单体M及合适的话接枝基质形成的共聚物,其中所述单体M包含至少一种其均聚物或共聚物显示出热敏行为的单烯键式不饱和单体(a)和至少一种具有染料亲和基团的单烯键式不饱和单体(b)。
17.根据权利要求16的共聚物,其中所述单体(a)选自N-乙烯基己内酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸羟丙酯、乙烯醇和乙烯基甲基醚,所述单体(b)中的染料亲和基团为可以稠合的5或6元氮杂环。
18.根据权利要求16或17的共聚物,其中所述单体M包含至少一种选自具有聚-C2-C6氧化烯基团的单烯键式不饱和化合物的单体(c)。
19.根据权利要求16-18中任一项的共聚物,其中所述接枝基质选自聚氧化烯和聚亚烷基亚胺。
20.一种包含以下物质的洗涤剂配制剂:至少一种根据权利要求16-19中任一项的共聚物、至少一种表面活性剂和至少一种洗涤剂所常用并选自无机助洗剂、有机共助洗剂、标准化剂、苏打、酶、香料、配位剂、防腐蚀剂、漂白剂、漂白活性剂、漂白催化剂、其它护色添加剂和染料转移抑制剂、泛灰抑制剂、去污聚酯、纤维保护添加剂、聚硅氧烷、染料、杀菌剂、保存剂、溶解改进剂和崩解剂的成分。
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US9487738B2 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2016-11-08 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidification matrix comprising a carboxylic acid terpolymer |
WO2017190989A1 (de) * | 2016-05-04 | 2017-11-09 | Basf Se | Selbstkühlende schaumstoffhaltige kompositmaterialien |
EP3330345A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Use of an amphiphilic graft polymer as a dye transfer inhibitor |
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CN107033292A (zh) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-08-11 | 纳爱斯集团有限公司 | 一种阳离子无规共聚物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN108329426A (zh) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-07-27 | 博爱新开源医疗科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种n-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和n-乙烯基己内酰胺的无规共聚物溶液及其制备方法 |
CN108329426B (zh) * | 2018-02-08 | 2020-11-17 | 博爱新开源医疗科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种n-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和n-乙烯基己内酰胺的无规共聚物溶液及其制备方法 |
CN112424328A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-02-26 | 宝洁公司 | 包含接枝共聚物的织物护理组合物及相关方法 |
CN109776739A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-21 | 广州星业科技股份有限公司 | 一种新型高分子防串色助洗剂 |
CN109776739B (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-09-14 | 广州星业科技股份有限公司 | 一种高分子防串色助洗剂 |
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EP2106413A1 (de) | 2009-10-07 |
US20100004154A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
JP2010513640A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
MX2009005826A (es) | 2009-06-16 |
CA2671589A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
KR20090096715A (ko) | 2009-09-14 |
BRPI0721265A2 (pt) | 2014-04-01 |
WO2008077910A1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
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