CN101544917A - 乙醇基车用清洁燃料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

乙醇基车用清洁燃料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN101544917A
CN101544917A CN200810064178A CN200810064178A CN101544917A CN 101544917 A CN101544917 A CN 101544917A CN 200810064178 A CN200810064178 A CN 200810064178A CN 200810064178 A CN200810064178 A CN 200810064178A CN 101544917 A CN101544917 A CN 101544917A
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ethanol
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王建业
窦彦东
王海鹏
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Abstract

乙醇基车用清洁燃料及其制备方法。从技术上讲,目前国外、国内掺烧70%以上的乙醇车用燃料,均需改动发动机和一种专用燃烧高比例醇类燃料的发动机,以适应甲醇、乙醇高辛烷值,低热值的特点。本发明组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,将0.5~3添加剂加入到84.5~7份的汽油组分油,再加入到15~90份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇为M15-M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为20~40,馏程调节剂的重量份数为40~60,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为5~10,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.01-0.2,低温启动剂的重量份数为1~5,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为0.4~1,抗氧剂的重量份数0.05-0.1,缓释剂的重量份数为5-19。本发明应用于能源领域。

Description

乙醇基车用清洁燃料及其制备方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种乙醇基车用清洁燃料及其制备方法。
背景技术:
在世界能源紧张大背景下,各国都在投入人力物力积极开发替代能源。乙醇清洁燃料汽油、乙醇清洁燃料汽油就是目前市场上替代能源的佼佼者。目前市场上乙醇汽油乙醇掺烧量为10%,乙醇汽油掺烧量为15%,均为低比例掺烧。从国家醇醚燃料和醇醚清洁汽车专业委员会获得信息,国家对高比例掺烧甲醇、乙醇非常重视,是醇类燃料替代化石能源的趋势。即醇掺烧量85~100%,如果从技术上能够实现,可从根本上解决我国能源替代问题,不再需要每年进口60%以上的石油,受国际石油市场制约,对确保国家能源安全具有重要战略意义。煤是制备乙醇的重要原料,我国是产煤大国,原料丰富。乙醇属再生能源,可从稻草、秸秆、木薯、甘蔗、粮食制取。无论是甲醇或是乙醇,原料来源均有保证。
从技术上讲,目前国外、国内掺烧50%以上的甲醇或乙醇车用燃料,均需改动发动机和一种专用燃烧高比例醇类燃料的发动机,以适应甲醇、乙醇高辛烷值,低热值的特点。专用发动机已进入试验运行阶段,尚未达到产业化生产。即使推广尚需一个过程,而且燃油比尚高于汽油60%以上,同时解决不了现有保有量的汽车应用。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种节省能源的乙醇基车用清洁燃料及其制备方法。
上述的目的通过以下的技术方案实现:
乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,将0.5~3份添加剂加入到84.5~7份的汽油组分油中,再将混合物加入到15~90份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇为M15--M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为20~40,馏程调节剂的重量份数为40~60,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为5~10,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.01—0.2,低温启动剂的重量份数为1~5,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为0.4~1,抗氧剂的重量份数0.05—0.1,缓释剂的重量份数为5-19。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的助溶剂包括异辛醇、异丁醇,所述的异辛醇的重量份数为10~30、所述的异丁醇的重量份数为5~20,所述的镏程调节剂为190号溶剂油,其重量份数为20-40。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的动力性能增能剂包括煤油、水合肼、苯肼、植物油、甲酸、硝酸、异辛酸、二甲酰胺、四氢呋喃,8-羟喹啉,其中所述的煤油的重量份数为15—55,所述的水合肼的重量份数为3--8.5、所述的苯肼的重量份数为0.001-0.005、所述的植物油的重量份数为15--23、所述的甲酸的重量份数为8--12、所述的硝酸的重量份数为3—5、所述的异辛酸的重量份数为2—5、所述的二甲酰胺的重量份数为0.07--0.1、所述的四氢呋喃的重量份数为1.5~3、所述的8-羟喹啉的重量份数为1.5~3,所述的燃烧促进剂包括所述的燃烧促进剂包括锌的重量份数为0.01~0.1,所述的低温启动剂为石油醚,其重量份数为2~10,所述的抗溶、防腐剂包括二烷基2.6代磷酸锌、磺酸胺,所述的二烷基2.6代磷酸锌的重量份数为0.12—0.36、所述的重量份数为磺酸胺0.3~1。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料的制备方法,将添加剂经管道先加入到汽油组分油的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合后,再进入到乙醇的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合制备成代替汽油的乙醇的清洁燃料。
本发明的有益效果:
1.本发明在现有保有量的汽车不改动发动机,不需专用发动机,油耗低于专用燃烧醇燃料发动机30-40%的基础上,实现醇类清洁燃料低比例掺烧至高比例替代传统汽油。
2.目前国内外现有技术不能实现在不改动发动机情况下高比例掺烧乙醇或乙醇,主要原因是醇的热值低,如乙醇热值仅为汽油的49%,动力不足。本发明采用增能剂,从根本上解决了高比例掺烧醇热值低,动力不足问题。
3.采用本发明添加剂制备的车用醇基燃料,动力性与高信汽油相当,成本低、经济效益、社会效益非常显著。从技术上讲,目前填补国外、国内高比例醇掺烧90%以内的甲醇或乙醇车用醇类燃料,均不改动发动机而达到同汽油等同的动力性能,以适应甲醇、乙醇高辛烷值,低热值的特点。
本发明的具体实施方式:
实施例1:
乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,将0.5~3份添加剂加入到84.5~7份的汽油组分油,再加入到15~90份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇为M15--M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为20~40,馏程调节剂的重量份数为40~60,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为5~10,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.01—0.2,低温启动剂的重量份数为1~5,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为0.4~1,抗氧剂的重量份数0.05—0.1,缓释剂的重量份数为5-19。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的助溶剂包括异辛醇、异丁醇,所述的异辛醇的重量份数为10~30、所述的异丁醇的重量份数为5~20,所述的镏程调节剂为190号溶剂油,其重量份数为20-40。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的动力性能增能剂包括煤油、水合肼、苯肼、植物油、甲酸、硝酸、异辛酸、二甲酰胺、四氢呋喃,8-羟喹啉,其中所述的煤油的重量份数为15—55,所述的水合肼的重量份数为3--8.5、所述的苯肼的重量份数为0.001-0.005、所述的植物油的重量份数为15--23、所述的甲酸的重量份数为8--12、所述的硝酸的重量份数为3—5、所述的异辛酸的重量份数为2—5、所述的二甲酰胺的重量份数为0.07--0.1、所述的四氢呋喃的重量份数为1.5~3、所述的8-羟喹啉的重量份数为1.5~3,所述的燃烧促进剂包括所述的燃烧促进剂包括锌的重量份数为0.01~0.1,所述的低温启动剂为石油醚,其重量份数为2~10,所述的抗溶、防腐剂包括二烷基2.6代磷酸锌、磺酸胺,所述的二烷基2.6代磷酸锌的重量份数为0.12—0.36、所述的重量份数为磺酸胺0.3~1。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料的制备方法,将添加剂经管道先加入到汽油组分油的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合后,再进入到乙醇的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合制备成代替汽油的乙醇的清洁燃料。
所述的乙醇为E15或E20或E25或E30或E35或E40或E45或E50或E55或E60或E65或E70或E75或E80或E85或E90。
实施例2:
乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,将3份添加剂加入到7份的汽油组分油,再加入到90份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇为M15--M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为40,馏程调节剂的重量份数为60,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为10,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.2,低温启动剂的重量份数为5,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为1,抗氧剂的重量份数0.1,缓释剂的重量份数为19。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的助溶剂包括异辛醇、异丁醇,所述的异辛醇的重量份数为30、所述的异丁醇的重量份数为20,所述的镏程调节剂为190号溶剂油,其重量份数为40。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的动力性能增能剂包括煤油、水合肼、苯肼、植物油、甲酸、硝酸、异辛酸、二甲酰胺、四氢呋喃,8-羟喹啉,其中所述的煤油的重量份数为55,所述的水合肼的重量份数为8.5、所述的苯肼的重量份数为0.005、所述的植物油的重量份数为23、所述的甲酸的重量份数为12、所述的硝酸的重量份数为5、所述的异辛酸的重量份数为5、所述的二甲酰胺的重量份数为00.1、所述的四氢呋喃的重量份数为3、所述的8-羟喹啉的重量份数为3,所述的燃烧促进剂包括所述的燃烧促进剂包括锌的重量份数为0.1,所述的低温启动剂为石油醚,其重量份数为10,所述的抗溶、防腐剂包括二烷基2.6代磷酸锌、磺酸胺,所述的二烷基2.6代磷酸锌的重量份数为0.36、所述的重量份数为磺酸胺1。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料的制备方法,将添加剂经管道先加入到汽油组分油的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合后,再进入到乙醇的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合制备成代替汽油的乙醇的清洁燃料。
所述的乙醇为E15或E20或E25或E30或E35或E40或E45或E50或E55或E60或E65或E70或E75或E80或E85或E90。
实施例3:
乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,将0.5份添加剂加入到84.5份的汽油组分油,再加入到15份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇为M15--M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为20,馏程调节剂的重量份数为40,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为5,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.01,低温启动剂的重量份数为1,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为0.4,抗氧剂的重量份数0.05,缓释剂的重量份数为5。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的助溶剂包括异辛醇、异丁醇,所述的异辛醇的重量份数为10、所述的异丁醇的重量份数为5,所述的镏程调节剂为190号溶剂油,其重量份数为20。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的动力性能增能剂包括煤油、水合肼、苯肼、植物油、甲酸、硝酸、异辛酸、二甲酰胺、四氢呋喃,8-羟喹啉,其中所述的煤油的重量份数为15,所述的水合肼的重量份数为3、所述的苯肼的重量份数为0.001、所述的植物油的重量份数为15、所述的甲酸的重量份数为8、所述的硝酸的重量份数为3、所述的异辛酸的重量份数为2、所述的二甲酰胺的重量份数为0.07、所述的四氢呋喃的重量份数为1.5、所述的8-羟喹啉的重量份数为1.5,所述的燃烧促进剂包括所述的燃烧促进剂包括锌的重量份数为0.01~0.1,所述的低温启动剂为石油醚,其重量份数为2,所述的抗溶、防腐剂包括二烷基2.6代磷酸锌、磺酸胺,所述的二烷基2.6代磷酸锌的重量份数为0.12、所述的重量份数为磺酸胺0.3。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料的制备方法,将添加剂经管道先加入到汽油组分油的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合后,再进入到乙醇的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合制备成代替汽油的乙醇的清洁燃料。
所述的乙醇为E15或E20或E25或E30或E35或E40或E45或E50或E55或E60或E65或E70或E75或E80或E85或E90。
实施例4:
乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,将1.5份添加剂加入到70份的汽油组分油,再加入到28.5份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇为M15--M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为30,馏程调节剂的重量份数为50,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为8,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.1,低温启动剂的重量份数为3,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为0.7,抗氧剂的重量份数0.07,缓释剂的重量份数为14。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的助溶剂包括异辛醇、异丁醇,所述的异辛醇的重量份数为20、所述的异丁醇的重量份数为12,所述的镏程调节剂为190号溶剂油,其重量份数为30。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,所述的动力性能增能剂包括煤油、水合肼、苯肼、植物油、甲酸、硝酸、异辛酸、二甲酰胺、四氢呋喃,8-羟喹啉,其中所述的煤油的重量份数为35,所述的水合肼的重量份数为5、所述的苯肼的重量份数为0.003、所述的植物油的重量份数为20、所述的甲酸的重量份数为10、所述的硝酸的重量份数为4、所述的异辛酸的重量份数为4、所述的二甲酰胺的重量份数为0.08、所述的四氢呋喃的重量份数为2、所述的8-羟喹啉的重量份数为2,所述的燃烧促进剂包括所述的燃烧促进剂包括锌的重量份数为0.05,所述的低温启动剂为石油醚,其重量份数为6,所述的抗溶、防腐剂包括二烷基2.6代磷酸锌、磺酸胺,所述的二烷基2.6代磷酸锌的重量份数为0.24、所述的重量份数为磺酸胺0.6。
所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料的制备方法,将添加剂经管道先加入到汽油组分油的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合后,再进入到乙醇的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合制备成代替汽油的乙醇的清洁燃料。
所述的乙醇为E15或E20或E25或E30或E35或E40或E45或E50或E55或E60或E65或E70或E75或E80或E85或E90。

Claims (4)

1.一种乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其组成包括:添加剂,汽油组分油,其特征是:将0.5~3份添加剂加入到84.5~7份的汽油组分油中,再将混合物加入到15~90份的乙醇中,所述的乙醇特指纤维素酒精,为M15--M90的乙醇清洁燃料,所述的添加剂中助溶剂的重量份数为20~40,馏程调节剂的重量份数为40~60,动力性能增能剂的重量份数为5~10,燃烧促进剂的重量份数为0.01—0.2,低温启动剂的重量份数为1~5,防腐、抗溶胀剂的重量份数为0.4~1,抗氧剂的重量份数0.05—0.1,缓释剂的重量份数为5-19。
2.根据权利要求1所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其特征是:所述的助溶剂包括异辛醇、异丁醇,所述的异辛醇的重量份数为10~30、所述的异丁醇的重量份数为5~20,所述的镏程调节剂为190号溶剂油,其重量份数为20-40。
3.根据权利要求2所述的乙醇基车用清洁燃料,其特征是:所述的动力性能增能剂包括煤油、水合肼、苯肼、植物油、甲酸、硝酸、异辛酸、二甲酰胺、四氢呋喃,8-羟喹啉,其中所述的煤油的重量份数为15—55,所述的水合肼的重量份数为3--8.5、所述的苯肼的重量份数为0.001-0.005、所述的植物油的重量份数为15—23、所述的甲酸的重量份数为8--12、所述的硝酸的重量份数为3—5、所述的异辛酸的重量份数为2—5、所述的二甲酰胺的重量份数为0.07--0.1、所述的四氢呋喃的重量份数为1.5~3、所述的8-羟喹啉的重量份数为1.5~3,所述的燃烧促进剂包括锌的重量份数为0.01~0.1,所述的低温启动剂为石油醚,其重量份数为2~10,所述的抗溶、防腐剂包括二烷基2.6代磷酸锌、磺酸胺,所述的二烷基2.6代磷酸锌的重量份数为0.12—0.36、所述的重量份数为磺酸胺0.3~1。
4.一种乙醇基车用清洁燃料的制备方法,其特征是:将添加剂经管道先加入到汽油组分油的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合后,再进入到乙醇的管道中,经过自制的均质器混合制备成代替汽油的乙醇的清洁燃料。
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