CN101535581A - Underground dwelling - Google Patents
Underground dwelling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101535581A CN101535581A CNA2007800406812A CN200780040681A CN101535581A CN 101535581 A CN101535581 A CN 101535581A CN A2007800406812 A CNA2007800406812 A CN A2007800406812A CN 200780040681 A CN200780040681 A CN 200780040681A CN 101535581 A CN101535581 A CN 101535581A
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- Prior art keywords
- wallboard
- dwelling
- module
- underground
- underground dwelling
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000600332 Anemone vitifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
- E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
- E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a dwelling formed by one or more preferably concrete three-dimensional modules (1 and 1') which are provided with complementary coupling means (7 and 7') so that the modules can be positioned side by side and/or on top of one another in order to form a dwelling with several rooms or even several dwellings. The invention includes an access (2) to the interior, windows (9) and ports for pipes (3) for chimneys (4), vents and lighting outlets (5). The constituent modules (1 and 1') of the dwelling(s) are installed in a trench or cave formed in suitable terrain (6) and, except for the access wall containing the door (8) and/or the windows (9), are covered completely with natural soil corresponding to the terrain (6) excavated in order to install the modules (1 and 1') and the dwelling(s).
Description
Technical field
Therefore the present invention relates to a kind of underground dwelling, it is distinguishingly contemplated the feature with nature cave, but has the modular nature of being and be easy to industrialized advantage, these advantages all be still do not have at present in the cards.
The objective of the invention is to provide to market and the public possibility of the underground dwelling (underground dwelling) that obtains having following characteristics: the soil that this underground dwelling is assembled by Modularly or prefabricated and major part is mounted the place of this underground dwelling covers, and it is the nature cave seemingly.
Background technology
Artificial cave, such as in Spanish Utility Model the 248th, artificial cave described in No. 970, based on metal framework with suitable shape or other rigid frame, on this framework, apply by composite fibre material (paper, cotton, fabric, asbestos or Anemone Vitifolia) and coagulability (setting) or thermosetting product (glue, plaster, gypsum, mud, thermosetting plastics) material layer that is obtained, and utilize this mixture to obtain ducted body, it has irregular shape, forwardly open wide and have the simulation rock outward appearance and even the protrusion (excrescence) and the depression of stalactite and stalagmite outward appearance, all these construct the main body in the artificial cave of simulation.
The cave of described type although be designed to embody multiple shape, mainly has decoration functions, and from unexpected or be designed to as dwelling house.
Yet, although exist the natural cave of living as dwelling house because by excavate simply terrain (terrain) make these caves and therefore they and be not easy to course of industrialization, they are restricted in many function aspects.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of underground dwelling of the present invention can be considered to the cave dwelling house, but obtain this underground dwelling by the assembling three-dimensional module, this three-dimensional module can be the part of dwelling house or can be whole dwelling house, but give very outstanding industrialization character for this dwelling house.
In this sense, the terrain with certain altitude is excavated with formation cavity or ducted body, and places three-dimensional module on this cavity, and this three-dimensional module is preferably poured into a mould in concrete.Described module has at least one opening, this opening is with accomplishing inner inlet, and this Prefabricated block also can have the opening that is used for window and as flue (chimney flue), air vent, the hole of light shaft, all these supposition modules itself constitute whole dwelling house, because can construct dwelling house by module some joints or assembling, the module that engages or assemble is preferably constructed by the protruding tongue and the groove elements of the complementation in the design that is implemented in attachable wall, because in case excavated after the terrain, module can on side direction, be assembled into each other or even can one be stacked to another top to form the dwelling house in two rooms, perhaps also construct a different set of dwelling house by placing and connecting necessary module.
In all cases, one or more modules will be equipped with aforementioned opening with as chimney, ventilation opening etc., and also will be equipped with the suitable opening that enters, and this enters opening and can be used as means of communication between the plurality of modules when dwelling house has two or more these modules.
Except having the inlet and the wall of window, one or more these modules of one or more these dwelling houses will be covered by thick soil stratum, thick soil stratum help summer and winter the two the time hot state.
Obviously, can form module to form wall and roof by mating wallboard easily.
Also it is evident that, utilize above-described solution, can obtain underground dwelling type cave by course of industrialization, this is because this underground dwelling type cave is to be made by prefabricated model, these prefabricated models be placed in the ducted body that has the cave in the suitable orographic terrain or excavate with allow one or more these modules banketed naturally (earth fill) cover, this bankets naturally and obtains as the accessory substance of mining process.
Although module can preferably be made by concrete, outside any other suitable material also is not precluded within, such as by heat insulation (insulating) and even fire proofing material, the sandwich type wallboard that polyurethane (polyurethane) etc. is made.
No matter described dwelling house has a module or plurality of modules, the front portion of dwelling house or front wallboard can be higher than all the other wallboards, and described bigger front height is served as barrier and is used for contingent landslide (land sliding) incident and prevents that native load from falling the described front or the front portion of dwelling house.
And dwelling house can be associated with two arch chambers (apse) at sidepiece, and it is for the part of housing unit and serve as the enlarged of main space, and also helps to provide bigger plane to reduce may take place on the unit influence of corrosiveness to integral body.
Also be associated with following content in scheme: the joint of sidepiece wallboard can be by groove and protruding tongue wallboard, by welding, by cooperating between the panel edges that will carry out this joint, by a wallboard is anchored on another wallboard, or the like and carry out, use or do not use the firm this grappling of addition item, this addition item such as screw, bolt, rivet and like; And in order to be fixed for pushing up the wallboard of closure, use protruding tongue and concave-board with known anchor mechanism, this known anchor mechanism such as just at mentioned above those, screw, bolt, rivet etc.
Can one or more modules be bonded on the terrain by solid concrete pier (pier) or footing (footing) element that is deployed in easily on the terrain, the upside of solid concrete pier or footing element is equipped with metal sheet, other complementary metal plate will be welded on this metal sheet towards lower plate, and the downside of one or more wallboards that therefore constitutes the base portion of one or more modules will be towards described complementary metal plate.
At last, will utilize paste jointing by the formed seam of wallboard that engages or prevent another product that particle, insect, moisture etc. pass through or material (that is, providing heat insulation and packing material watertightness) and being filled up to the formed interior space of module that engages.
The purpose of underground dwelling of the present invention is to constitute the structure that can be considered to the cave dwelling house, can consider the application of multiple different purposes in this underground dwelling the inside, it uses multiple material, size and outward appearance, utilize door, window and other required suitable necessary subsidiary component, and the manufacturing of described subsidiary component be not limited to their surf zones scope, can be produced as multiple height and have some kinds of structural concepts and make it adapt to various dwelling houses.
The underground dwelling that constitutes a class cave dwelling house also provides high-quality feature, its environmental sound and have technological quality, and cost of production is low and very simple.
Description of drawings
For the description that is provided in this part is provided, and in order to help to understand feature of the present invention better, this descriptive report is with one group of accompanying drawing.Each figure in the accompanying drawings depicts the novelty and the advantage of underground dwelling purpose of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is illustrated in the sectional drawing of the module group in the cavity of excavating in the terrain, and what it was illustrated in this dwelling house on one of wall or wallboard enters opening and can be corresponding to the vertical upper pipe of flue, ventilation opening etc., and this dwelling house will dispose described module;
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic plan view of modular a kind of example, and modularization relates to plurality of modules and is bonded together side by side with formation dwelling house or some rooms or space, even some dwelling houses adhered together;
Fig. 3 illustrates the front perspective view of example, and it has been described by excavating the formed some dwelling houses of assembling on the position of disparate modules;
The front perspective view of another example of the underground dwelling that the purpose that Fig. 4 illustrates according to the present invention to be stated is made, wherein it can be observed facade wall plate hight all the other wallboards in the different rear module that are used for assembling one or more dwelling houses of being discussed;
Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 illustrate the corresponding details corresponding to other side by side fixed mechanism of the wallboard of the module of one or more underground dwellings;
Fig. 9 illustrates the details of the possible mode of assembling roof wallboard;
Figure 10 illustrates the details that these one or more bottoms or base portion wallboard is bonded to the optimal way on the terrain.
The specific embodiment
In view of accompanying drawing mentioned above, and particularly referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, can be observed three-dimensional module 1, this three-dimensional module 1 preferably is cast in the concrete, three-dimensional module 1 itself can constitute dwelling house, thereby described module comprise be directed in the module and be directed to this premises enter opening 2, and be arranged on than described opening and exceed one or more holes in the upper area of (superiorly), the effect of vertical pipeline 3 is played in described one or more hole, this vertical pipeline 3 can be used as chimney 4, ventilation opening and natural light inlet 5 etc., in this way, module 1 is implanted in the excavation position of digging out on terrain 6 for this purpose, one or more walls of module 1 or side have complementary connection element 7 and 7 ', complementary connection element 7 and 7 ' for connecting the corresponding protruding part and the recessed part of proximity modules, because described coupling mechanism 7 and 7 ' this protrusion-concave type structure, connect and can be protruding tongue and groove.
The dwelling house that is obtained based on three-dimensional module 1 can have some rooms or space, described room or space by engage side by side plurality of modules 1 or even vertically (promptly at various height) assemble this plurality of modules and form.Fig. 2 illustrate specifically by four similar modules 1 that are arranged to arc or are arranged to the segmented line pattern by with triangle module 1 ' intersect to form described fractureing (broken) thereby or a kind of like this example of the modular assembly that forms of arcuate configuration, this formation is considered the structure of many rooms dwelling house or some attached dwelling houses, complementary coupling mechanism 7-7 ' on its side wall by being assembled to described space (that is, module 1 and 1 ' side wall) and being bonded together side by side.
Obviously, module 1 and module 1 ' (if exist this module 1 ') will be Prefabricated block, preferably make by concrete, but other suitable material is not left out yet, module structure goes out underground dwelling type cave, because it is by obtaining for the required excavation of carrying out to described terrain 6 in the space in this underground dwelling type cave of opening installation that one or more modules by the covering of banketing naturally, are banketed naturally.
Fig. 3 illustrates the special tectonic according to described module 1, is arranged in the phantom drawing of setting of the plurality of modules 1 of the one or more ducted bodies of excavating on the terrain 6.One of module among the figure is illustrated as has access door 8 and window 9, this access door 8 will be installed in the respective openings 2 of module 1, window 9 is planned in the design of corresponding Prefabricated block 1, this Fig. 3 also illustrates the chimney 4 and the ventilation opening or the light shaft 5 that are established in the described pipeline 3 corresponding to pipeline shown in Fig. 13, all these are designed and locate to make as module such as Fig. 2 or when attached together as shown in Figure 3, if it is single dwelling house, they will be closed or only be equipped with opening 2 and hang corresponding access door 8 so, if and module estimates to be configured to one or more spaces of same dwelling house, these modules will have the opening in the described a plurality of spaces that are communicated with same dwelling house so.
Fig. 4 illustrates according to the underground dwelling that information obtained mentioned above, it comprises enclosure 11 and coating (coating) 12 on front 10, the top, this coating 12 can be and excavates position 6 resulting banketing shown in Figure 3, and should have the suitable opening 13 that is used for main access door is installed to premises in front 10, and be used to install the opening 9 of window '.
And in Fig. 4, be configured to positive 10 wallboard and be higher than all the other wallboards, that is, be configured to positive 10 wallboard and stretch out to form barrier and prevent positive or anterior near described dwelling house of potential landslide or crustal movement in enclosure 11 tops atop.
At sidepiece, there is an arch chamber (apse) 14, except the configuration to dwelling house provided comparatively smooth size, it also provided enlarged and corrosion protection.
Can be bonded among Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 with Reference numeral 15 and 15 ' represented different sidepiece wallboards according to different ways.
For example, Fig. 5 illustrates two (zig-zag) atlernating edges 16 in a zigzag of two wallboards 15 and 15 ' how to comprise, this atlernating edge 16 is determined mechanisms that described wallboard is connected or is bonded together.
On the other hand, Fig. 6 how to illustrate by be established in wallboard 15 ' in groove 17 in hold wallboard 15 top edge engage described wallboard 15 and 15 ', described joint or connect by fastening such as anchoring elements such as screw, bolt 18.
Fig. 7 illustrates wallboard 15 and 15 ' how to be fixed together by weld part 19.And shown in Figure 8 by carrying out described joint for the anchoring element 20 of pass-through member, this pass-through member for example pass wallboard 15 ' and be bonded on the wallboard 15 or pass wallboard 15 and be bonded to wallboard 15 ' on.
As shown in Figure 9, roof wallboard 21 and 21 ' engaging mechanism can realize by protruding tongue and groove elements 22, described protruding tongue and groove elements 22 are supplemented with anchoring element 23, and this anchoring element 23 is similar to referred to above and is installed in the anchoring element 10 at the composition plane place of framed side wallboard shown in Figure 6.
At last, base portion or floor wallboard 24 are realized by metal sheet 26 to the engaging mechanism of terrain 25, metal sheet 26 is installed to the upper surface that places the pier 27 on this terrain 25 for this purpose, and the downside of the base portion of module or floor wallboard 24 be fitted with other metal parts 26 of parts 26 complementations ', and be positioned to thereby parts 26 and parts 26 ' can weld them together are toward each other engaged realizing, and in this way, module is fixed to the Dun27Chu that places on the terrain 25 with its base portion capitally.
Claims (15)
1. underground dwelling, it is used for being arranged at the excavation position of suitable terrain, it is characterized in that, it comprises one or more three-dimensional modules (1 and 1 '), and described three-dimensional module (1 and 1 ') is preferably made and is equipped with at least one to be directed to the interior space or is communicated with the hole and/or the pipeline (3) that enter opening (2 to 13) and serve as chimney (4), air vent or natural light inlet (5) of other proximity modules by concrete; Each module (1 and 1 ') has complementary coupling mechanism (7 in its wall, 7 ') construct dwelling house or the some attached dwelling houses that has more than a room or space they are joined to other proximity modules, except entering opening (2,13) and if outside the window (9) that is suitable for, this whole module (1 and 1 ') is covered by fill stratum fully, bankets formerly to obtain for the present invention being placed prepare in the position and excavate this position.
2. underground dwelling according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the coupling mechanism (7,7 ') between module (1 and 1 ') preferably includes complementary protrusion-concave type projection and depression.
3. according to each described underground dwelling in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that module (1 and 1 ') is a prefabricated elements.
4. according to each described underground dwelling in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, module (1 and 1 ') is easy to side by side or is overlapping vertically or pile up and be bonded together to construct the dwelling house in some rooms or form different layers in same floor, perhaps constructs plurality of parallel or attached overlappingly dwelling house with different structure.
5. according to each described underground dwelling in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the wallboard that is configured to front (10) is higher than all the other wallboards and resists contingent landslide so that form the conflict barrier, and be equipped with the engaging mechanism that is used to be attached to side direction wallboard (15 and 15 '), and be used to belong to top closure or roof element wallboard (21 and 21 ') coupling mechanism and be used for base portion wallboard (24) is attached to engaging mechanism on the floor (25).
6. underground dwelling according to claim 5 is characterized in that, has corresponding arch chamber (14), and arch chamber (14) is the integral part of dwelling house, and it is used to make integral body to have more smooth outward appearance.
7. according to each described underground dwelling in claim 5 and 6, it is characterized in that the connected structure between the wallboard (15 and 15 ') is made of the complementary decussate structure (16) of design in the edge of wallboard (15 and 15 ').
8. according to each described underground dwelling in claim 5 and 6, it is characterized in that the engaging mechanism between the wallboard (15 and 15 ') is that the groove shapes (17) that is machined in the wallboard is assemblied in the corresponding coupling wallboard to be used as anchor mechanism.
9. according to each described underground dwelling in claim 5 and 6, it is characterized in that the engaging mechanism between the wallboard (15 and 15 ') is made of the anchor mechanism such as screw, bolt, rivet and like (20).
10. according to each described underground dwelling in claim 5 and 6, it is characterized in that the engaging mechanism between the wallboard (15 and 15 ') is made of the weld part (19) on the metal sheet at the opposite edges place of the coupling that is assemblied in described wallboard (15 and 15 ').
11. according to each described underground dwelling in the claim 7 to 10, it is characterized in that, described engaging mechanism is easy to and the anchoring element that engages (18) complementation that strengthens between the wallboard (15 and 15 '), and perhaps described engaging mechanism is the fixed mechanism between wallboard (15 and 15 ').
12. according to each described underground dwelling in claim 5 and 6, it is characterized in that, engaging mechanism between top enclosure or roof wallboard (21 and 21 ') by being assemblied in wallboard (21 and 21 ') but the protruding tongue at place, relative or trip edge and recess configurations (22) match together and constitute, these engaging mechanisms are easy to be anchored mechanism (5) and replenish and strengthen fixed mechanism.
13. according to each described underground dwelling in claim 5 and 6, it is characterized in that, base portion wallboard (24) is made of the welding between the metal sheet (26 and 26 ') to the connected structure of terrain (25), and described metal sheet is placed with on the upper surface of being located at the pier (27) on the terrain (25) and on the inner surface of base portion wallboard (24) toward each other.
14., it is characterized in that it comprises that the sealing mechanism that is used for seam between wallboard (15-15 ', 21-21 ' and 24-27) is with inside that dwelling house is provided and the heat-shield mechanism between the outside according to each described underground dwelling in the claim 5 to 13.
15. underground dwelling according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described joint seal mechanism utilizes putty, silicon, foam or similar material to realize.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200602324A ES2301383B1 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2006-09-13 | UNDERGROUND HOUSING. |
| ESP200602324 | 2006-09-13 | ||
| ESP200700772 | 2007-03-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101535581A true CN101535581A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
Family
ID=39469709
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800406812A Pending CN101535581A (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2007-09-13 | Underground dwelling |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110131897A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2063049A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2010503782A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101535581A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR062780A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0716894A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2663491A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA200900386A1 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES2301383B1 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA30770B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2009002744A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008031907A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8683759B2 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2014-04-01 | Lane Lythgoe | Pre-cast polygonal shelter |
| CN204337490U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2015-05-20 | 贝克顿·迪金森公司 | Infusion device system, two-piece type fluid connector and molectron |
| ES2396519B1 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-12-26 | Jaime VEGA-HAZAS REBOLLO | Prefabricated semi-underground energy-efficient building |
| RU174314U1 (en) * | 2017-04-03 | 2017-10-11 | Юрий Вячеславович Орельский | UNDERGROUND MODULE |
| CN107905806B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2023-08-29 | 长安大学 | Device for improving cave dwelling performance and installation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3228161A (en) * | 1962-07-13 | 1966-01-11 | Tilt A Pac Corp | Concrete wall panel building construction |
| US3996714A (en) * | 1975-08-11 | 1976-12-14 | Hazelett Jr Earl T | Panel wall structure |
| JPS5419047Y2 (en) * | 1975-11-06 | 1979-07-16 | ||
| JPS6040678Y2 (en) * | 1977-02-25 | 1985-12-09 | ナショナル住宅産業株式会社 | basement assembly blocks |
| US4290246A (en) * | 1978-11-22 | 1981-09-22 | Hilsey Arthur F | Multi-purpose precast concrete panels, and methods of constructing concrete structures employing the same |
| IT1212378B (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1989-11-22 | Guardiani Eustachio | PREFABRICATED BUILDINGS PANELS-BASE, ROOMS-HOUSE, ROOMS-STAIRS, ROOF-HOUSE, BEAMS AND SLABS |
| US4336674A (en) * | 1979-08-24 | 1982-06-29 | Weber Raymond C | Underground structure for residential and business use |
| US4297817A (en) * | 1980-03-04 | 1981-11-03 | Ralph Bullock | Earthen-covered structure and panel used therein |
| US4359845A (en) * | 1980-03-12 | 1982-11-23 | Harrison Bill L | Moisture barrier system for earth-sheltered housing |
| DE3144141C2 (en) * | 1981-11-06 | 1986-01-09 | Manfred 4053 Jüchen Janitzky | Underground protective bunker system with several protective cells |
| US4590721A (en) * | 1982-12-16 | 1986-05-27 | Berg Jeremy R | Wood panel earth shelter construction |
| DE3403005C1 (en) * | 1984-01-28 | 1985-06-20 | Rudolf Dipl.-Ing. 6140 Bensheim Zipser | Air-raid shelter of the underground type |
| JPS60129446U (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1985-08-30 | 本田 昌夫 | concrete panel body |
| US4955166A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1990-09-11 | Qualline Steve M | Tornado underground shelter |
| US5317848A (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1994-06-07 | Abbey Jay E | Modular, precast corner panels |
| PH31226A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1998-05-12 | Blazley Design Pty Ltd | Explosion resistant building structures. |
| ES1030615Y (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-05-01 | Gonzalez Andres Garcia | PREFABRICATED MODULE FOR HOUSING CONSTRUCTION |
| JPH1046682A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1998-02-17 | Takeshige Shimonohara | Jointing method and jointing construction for member |
| JP3273775B1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-04-15 | 山田 普 | How to connect precast concrete basement units |
| JP2006124973A (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2006-05-18 | Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk | Panel mounting fixture and method of mounting base fitting for mounting panel |
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2006
- 2006-09-13 ES ES200602324A patent/ES2301383B1/en active Active
-
2007
- 2007-03-23 ES ES200700772A patent/ES2310472B1/en active Active
- 2007-09-13 CN CNA2007800406812A patent/CN101535581A/en active Pending
- 2007-09-13 JP JP2009527850A patent/JP2010503782A/en active Pending
- 2007-09-13 EP EP07822922A patent/EP2063049A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-09-13 WO PCT/ES2007/000515 patent/WO2008031907A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-09-13 AR ARP070104054A patent/AR062780A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-09-13 CA CA002663491A patent/CA2663491A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-09-13 EA EA200900386A patent/EA200900386A1/en unknown
- 2007-09-13 BR BRPI0716894-2A2A patent/BRPI0716894A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-09-13 US US12/441,033 patent/US20110131897A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-09-13 MX MX2009002744A patent/MX2009002744A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2009
- 2009-03-31 MA MA31745A patent/MA30770B1/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2663491A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
| AR062780A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| JP2010503782A (en) | 2010-02-04 |
| BRPI0716894A2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
| EA200900386A1 (en) | 2009-08-28 |
| MA30770B1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
| ES2310472A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
| ES2301383A1 (en) | 2008-06-16 |
| MX2009002744A (en) | 2009-03-26 |
| ES2301383B1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| ES2310472B1 (en) | 2009-11-10 |
| WO2008031907A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
| EP2063049A1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| US20110131897A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
| WO2008031907A8 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
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Open date: 20090916 |