RU174314U1 - UNDERGROUND MODULE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction of a shallow structure designed for a short stay of people underground. The underground module contains a cylindrical vertically mounted housing, the lower part of which is connected to the base (3), and the upper one - to the cover (4), which has a doorway, while the housing is made of interconnected “groove-crest” connection of multilayer sections, each of which consists of the outer and inner shells, between which a layer of insulation is placed (12). The technical result of the utility model is to ensure the compactness of the structure in disassembled (transport) form without reducing its strength properties in assembled form.

Description

The utility model relates to underground construction, namely, to the construction of a shallow construction intended for a short stay of people underground in order to protect them from the consequences of social disasters or adverse natural phenomena.

Underground structures are known that are used in metro construction for mechanized tunneling of concrete half rings.

So, for example, the combined lining of a special underground structure is known, including the outer and inner contours of a round shape. The outer contour is made of metal tubing with extreme and middle annular stiffeners. The inner contour is made of metal blocks in the form of a sheet bent along the radius with ring stiffening protruding beyond its ends, to which anchoring elements and end plates with holes for connecting the metal blocks to each other and concrete are attached. Anchoring elements of metal blocks made in the form of reinforcing bars are inserted into the cells between the tubing ribs and are equipped with metal anchor plates at the ends. The tubing is connected to metal blocks by interface units (RU 2114377, class E41H 11/00).

The known design is intended for erection in rocky soils providing protection against seismic blast waves and significant hydrostatic pressure. This is associated with an increased requirement for its strength properties, which makes an underground structure with a lining, which includes concrete and a lot of metal reinforcement, which is unnecessarily heavy and requires the use of heavy construction equipment during installation and transportation.

At the same time, an underground shallow underground structure is being erected in soft soils. It has a team of sections in the form of tubing or blocks lining with connections between them or without them, assembled by an ejector in a circular shape and equipped with reinforcing elements in the form of a pair of vertical walls (RU 1135856, class E02D 29/00, published 01/23/1985).

The named construction allows to erect the lining of an underground structure without using concrete from standard elements mastered by the industry, however, in order to increase the bearing capacity of the underground structure of a shallow structure erected in soft soils, vertical walls are fixed to the lining from the sides, the length of which is equal to the length of the underground structure, which makes it unnecessarily bulky and also requiring the use of heavy construction equipment during installation and transportation.

It is also known to choose a vertically located underground storage facility selected as the closest analogue in construction, the casing of which has a cylindrical shape and consists of at least two parts. The lower part of the case is connected to a flat base, and the upper part is connected to the cover, in which the entrance hatch is formed. A staircase is installed in the storage building, and shelves are located along the walls (FR 2634811, class Е04В 1/00, published 02.02.1990).

The body of the known storage is made of several interconnected dimensional walls. In addition, the repository is not intended for people to stay in it for at least a day, therefore it does not solve the issue of forming a microclimate that ensures human life.

The objective of the utility model is to create economical and not requiring special construction equipment for its construction.

This task is ensured by a technical result aimed at ensuring the compactness of the structure in disassembled (transport) form without reducing its strength properties in assembled form.

Also in the utility model, it is possible to quickly assemble the structure and create a microclimate in it that is favorable for human existence for several days.

The named technical result is achieved in a utility model using the following features.

The underground module contains a cylindrical housing vertically mounted in the ground, the lower part of which is connected to the base, and the upper one - with a cover having a doorway closed by a door, or a hatch. The module case is made of interconnected “groove-crest” type joints of multilayer sections, each of which consists of the outer and inner shells, between which a layer of insulation is placed.

Each section of the module is molded from polymeric material and has a rectangular shape in plan.

The inner shell of each section of the module is box-shaped.

The thickness of each shell is 5-7 mm.

The insulation layer is made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 50-55 mm.

Sections in adjacent rows are offset halfway from each other, and the grooves are provided with seals.

At least one ladder is installed in the module housing under the doorway, on both sides of which shelves-beds are located on several levels, each of which has the shape of a circle segment.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 schematically shows an underground module (side view); in FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 is a view along arrow B in FIG. one; in FIG. 4 is a section bb in FIG. 2; in FIG. 5 is a section CC of FIG. one; in FIG. 6 - section of the body (top view); in FIG. 7 is a section DD in FIG. 6; in FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the connection of sections (in section).

Depicted in FIG. 1, the underground module 1 includes a vertically arranged cylindrical body 2, a base 3 and a cover 4, in which an inlet is formed in the form of a doorway closed by a door 5 (Fig. 2) or a hatch. The cover is also equipped with at least one ventilation device 6.

In the middle part of the module housing, under the doorway, one or two stairs 7 are installed, and on both sides of them shelves-beds 8 are fixed at several levels, each of which has the shape of a circle segment. At the base 3, a drainage hole 18 is formed (Figs. 1, 4).

The module has overall dimensions of 4000 × 2800 mm with an inner diameter of 2600 mm.

Many sections 9 of which the module housing consists of are made arcuate in accordance with the profile of the housing and have a rectangular shape in plan. The large sides of the sections are located along the axis of the module case, since in this case each individual section can be given less curvature (a larger radius of the circle) than when positioning these sections in the transverse direction relative to the axis of the module case, which facilitates the manufacture of these sections. The size of each section is preferably 600 × 800 mm. Sections in adjacent rows are displaced relative to each other to increase rigidity and, accordingly, the strength of the structure as a whole (Fig. 1).

Sections 9 are unified and allow, if necessary, to perform a hidden underground assembly of the module.

Each specified section can be made in the form of a single part by molding (molding) of a polymeric material. An embodiment of each section of two parts is also possible, subsequently fastened together by a welding machine or a locking device. The section includes an outer shell 10, an inner shell 11 having a box-shaped shape and a layer of insulation 12 located between them, hermetically isolated from the environment (Fig. 6, 7).

In an embodiment of a molded section of one part, the liquid foam forming the insulation is injected into the section cavity intended for it. In an embodiment of a two-part molded section, a layer of insulation in the form of a finished molded material is used.

Such a "sandwich" design allows you to maintain year-round neutral temperature conditions inside the structure without the use of additional funds. If necessary, the module quickly and with minimal energy consumption warms up to the optimum temperature for a comfortable stay in it.

The insulation layer can be made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 50-55 mm.

Bends 13 formed along the perimeter of the inner shell perpendicular to its plane have a multiple function. On the one hand, they create additional rigidity of each section and thereby contribute to the hardening of the structure of the module 8 as a whole, on the other hand, they serve as additional to the groove-comb connection by securing the sections to each other with the help of pistons 14 (Fig. 8) passing through holes 15 (Fig. 6, 7). In addition, the bends 13 are intended for fastening the finishing panels inside the module housing and the technological equipment of the module interior.

On the sides of each section a “groove-comb” type connection is formed for connecting sections 9 to each other with the formation of module housing 2. So in FIG. 6, 16.1 and 16.2 indicate the ridges, and 17.1 and 17.2 indicate the grooves formed on the adjacent lateral sides of each section 9. When assembling the module case, the seals 19 are laid (Fig. 8).

Unlike currently known similar purpose constructions, the proposed module in disassembled form is more compact, which facilitates its transportation to the assembly place. Its installation and dismantling do not require special equipment, qualified personnel and energy costs, and the design does not require additional concrete reinforcement. The module can be assembled for a short time.

Claims (10)

1. An underground module comprising a cylindrical vertically mounted housing, the lower part of which is connected to the base, and the upper one - with a cover having a doorway, the housing being made of interconnected “groove-crest” connection of multilayer sections, each of which consists of from the outer and inner shells, between which a layer of insulation is placed. 2. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that each section is molded from a polymer material. 3. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that each section has a rectangular shape in plan. 4. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner shell of each section has a box shape. 5. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of each shell is 5-7 mm. 6. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulation layer is made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 50-55 mm. 7. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections in adjacent rows are offset by half the section relative to each other. 8. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that each groove is provided with a seal. 9. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one ladder is installed in the housing under the doorway. 10. The module according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelves-beds are located in the housing at several levels, each of which has the shape of a circle segment.

Images