CN101532052A - 可鉴别断奶仔猪f4腹泻易感性/抗性的muc13分子标记及应用 - Google Patents
可鉴别断奶仔猪f4腹泻易感性/抗性的muc13分子标记及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一个可鉴别西方猪种断奶仔猪F4腹泻易感性/抗性的MUC13分子标记及其在种猪遗传改良中的应用,它先进行单核苷酸多态性(SNP)A157G的鉴别,再采用SNaPshot方法进行SNPA157G基因型判定。本发明通过现代分子生物学技术检测该多态位点,利用标记辅助选择(MAS)选择有利的等位基因型个体留种,可以显著提高种群断奶仔猪的抗腹泻病能力,大大减少仔猪死亡率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及动物分子生物学技术及育种领域,尤其是涉及一个可鉴别断奶仔猪F4腹泻易感性/抗性的MUC13分子标记及应用。
背景技术
畜禽传染病每年给全世界畜禽生产造成巨额的经济损失,发达国家由此造成的损失占年交易额的17%(17亿英磅),在发展中国家高达35%-50%。仔猪腹泻病是最普遍而且非常重要的疾病,因腹泻病引起的仔猪死亡率达11.5%-29.5%,其中因大肠杆菌引起的发病率和死亡率占整个猪腹泻发病率与死亡率的56.2%和24.7%。大肠杆菌病严重影响仔猪生长发育,导致饲养成本增高,给养猪业带来巨大经济损失,采用疫苗接种或采用抗菌类药物对该病进行防治,一方面长时间使用容易引起耐药性,另外药物的滥用将导致畜产品药物残留而成为药物食品,最终影响人类的健康。值得一提的是致病性大肠杆菌(Eschoerchia coli,E.coli)的抗原特性是可变的,已发现的E.coli菌体O抗原血清型就有164种,给研制疫苗及药物治疗带来很大困难,因此从根本上开展猪对E.coli抗性的遗传机制研究,将开辟仔猪腹泻抗病育种新途径。
Soderlind O等的研究表明,大肠杆菌病中又主要是由产肠毒素大肠杆菌(Enterotoxigenic Eschoerchia coli ETEC)F4引起,ETEC F4经黏附定居于宿主小肠上皮细胞后,发挥空间阻碍作用,不被肠蠕动或分泌物的清洗而排除,并大量繁殖,分泌肠毒素,导致细胞吸收障碍,引起腹泻,甚至致死。F4黏附素由Rskov等发现并命名,根据其免疫学特征可分为F4ab、F4ac、F4ad。
Sellwood等首次报道了1头对E.coli F4ac黏附素引起的腹泻具有抗性的猪,其抗性是由于小肠粘膜缺乏相应的受体。E.coil F4ac黏附的受体遵循孟德尔遗传,显性基因S表达有受体蛋白,猪只表现为对E.coli F4ac敏感,隐性基因s不表达受体蛋白,表现为抗性。Bijlsma报道F4ab和F4ac两个受体位点在遗传上较紧密连锁(θ=0.02),同时揭示转铁蛋白位点(Tf)与F4ac受体位点连锁。Edfors-Lilja等用瑞典约克夏×欧洲野公猪资源家系为材料,经过三代系谱的连锁分析,将F4ab和F4ac受体定位于13号染色体,并确定了F4ab和F4ac受体位点紧密连锁(θ=0.01)。Grange等对F4受体的性质做了一系列详细的研究,在猪小肠上皮细胞分离到两种粘液型唾液糖蛋白(Intestine mucus glycoprotein),分子量分别210kDa(IMTGP-1)和240kDa(IMTGP-2),这两种蛋白被认为是猪对F4ab和F4ac易感性和抗性重要的决定因子。丹麦等5个国家的科研单位通过合作进一步将肠毒素大肠杆菌F4ac受体位点精细定位于猪13号染色体q41区域。MUC13基因位于该区域,结合其生理生化功能分析,认为MUC13基因极有可能是肠毒素大肠杆菌F4ac受体的一个重要候选基因。
鉴于以上背景情况,申请人深入开展了猪MUC13基因的SNPs(单核苷酸多态性)的搜寻、鉴定及其影响仔猪腹泻病性状的研究,以期建立标记辅助选择技术开展断奶仔猪腹泻病的抗病育种工作。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一个可鉴别西方猪种断奶仔猪F4腹泻易感性/抗性的MUC13分子标记,通过现代分子生物学技术检测该多态位点,利用标记辅助选择(MAS)选择有利的等位基因型个体留种,可以显著提高种群断奶仔猪的抗腹泻病能力,大大减少仔猪死亡率。
本发明的第二个目的是MUC13分子标记在选育改良种猪抗腹泻病性状中的应用。
本发明的第一个目的是这样实现的:
(1)单核苷酸多态性(SNP)A157G的鉴别:
根据猪MUC13基因cDNA(互补脱氧核糖核酸)序列(序列号EU046996)以及人的MUC13基因全基因组序列,采用比较基因组法,采用公用的Primer5.0或Oligo 6.0软件设计引物F1和R1(F1:5’-GCTG GAGAGA CCA AAC CCA C AG-3’和R1:5’-AG GGC TGC ACT TGT AGC ATATGG-3’)扩增猪基因组DNA(脱氧核糖核酸)。25μl的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)反应体系中,包括25ng猪基因组DNA,1.0mM MgCl2,100mMdNTP(合成DNA的四种脱氧核苷酸底物),正反向引物各10pmol,2单位DNA聚合酶(Taq酶)及1×PCR buffer(缓冲液)(上海生物工程公司,中国)。扩增条件为:94℃ 4min;94℃ 30s,60℃ 30s,72℃ 70s,共34个循环;最后在72℃延伸10min。1346bp扩增片段采用QIAquick PCR产物纯化试剂盒(QIAGEN,德国)纯化,由华大基因上海测序中心测序。采用美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI,National Center for BiotechnologyInformation,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)网站的BLAST软件,将测序后获得的DNA序列与GenBank数据库中公布的已知生理生化功能基因进行序列同源性比较,发现该序列与人、牛MUC13基因同源性在90%以上,由此说明此段序列是猪的MUC13基因的一部分。使用公用的DNAStar软件包中的SeqMan软件分析测序结果时,发现在该序列的第157个核苷酸处存在一个单核苷酸多态位点(SNPs),即SNPA157G位点。
(2):位于猪MUC13基因序列的第157个核苷酸位点为:
gctggagaga ccaaacccac agatccctctgt gtgttggt aagtgttcca cctgcttctg 60
aatggtcctc acacctcctg ccttttctcc attcacattt gcaaaggact cattttctgg 120
ctcaagtttc catgtacatt tcagagtctg agggatrtga attttggcta taggcctgtg 180
gtcctggatg gggcgtgggc taaggagctg gtgaggaggc ccatgtgctg cctcacaggg 240
gacaggtcac atgcagagcc atggagcgcc tcattctacc cagaaaaagc aatgtgaaaa 300
aattgtattc tgtgacatgt cactttgggg ttgaacgggt tgaactggtc gtttctgaaa 360
attacccaga aatcgctctg ttttgaagct ttgggtccag catgctctga tacctgcaat 420
gcagagaaca ataggcaatg cctcgtgagg agcgctggga acgccgaatg cttgtgcctg 480
cctggctaca aggaggataa aaacaagatc tgccaagcgt aagagaaatc actccttttt 540
catcttgtca tagatgaagc tgagagagaa gttagcacgt gtcacataca tatgggttta 600
gggtcaggaa gctggtacgc tggcatccgt taggaagttg caaagcgtca ccaccttcat 660
catcaccatt cccatcacca tcgggttttg aaccttctct atgtgctggg aaccacccaa 720
gcaatacttg tcacacagca gcactgtcgg gcctgtgttc attccctgtc ttcaggtgag 780
gaagctgaag ttcggagaat ataaacattc ccagatcaca gggcagtgaa taagtagcag 840
agccatgtgg cctcacaggc tgagggggtc ccacaatgct ccatgcctct ggggctctgc 900
tctgcccaaa ctgctgaatg ttcctgatgc tcggagggtg gagcgttcag tcagtagcaa 960
ttggaaccac aggagattgg ggagtacctc cctcaacctt ccagaggcca tgaaaggtac 1020
tcccctgaag aatgggagtg taaggagaaa agagaaagag gagatggaac agggagagag 1080
agtgaaagaa agatgcaagg atgggaagtt cccattgtgg cacagtggaa acaatccaac 1140
taatatgcat gagaatgcgg gttccatccc tggccttgct cagtggttta aggatctggc 1200
attgcccgga gctgtggtgt aggtcgaaga ctcagctcag atcttgagtg gctgtggctg 1260
tggttgtggc tgtggcatac gctggcagct gtagccctgg tttgacccct agcctgggaa 1320
tttccatatg ctacaagtgc agccct。 1346
(3)SNP A157G的判型:
使用SNaPshot试剂盒(ABI公司,美国)开展基因型判定。方法如下:
1)引物设计
设计引物对F2和R2(F2:5’-GATC CCT CTG TGT GTT GGT AAG-3’和R2:5’-ATG TGA CCT GTC CCC TGT GAG-3’)扩增包含要检测SNPA157G位点的DNA片断以及一条SNaPshot延伸引物(5’-A AAA AAAAAA AAG GCC TAT AGC CAA AAT TCA-3’)。
2)PCR扩增条件及产物纯化
使用上述引物对F2和R2扩增猪基因组DNA。25μl的PCR反应体系中,包括25ng猪基因组DNA,1.0mM MgCl2,100mM dNTP,正反向引物各10pmol,2单位Taq酶及1×PCR buffer(上海生物工程公司,中国)。扩增条件为:94℃ 4min;94℃ 30s,56℃ 30s,72℃ 30s,共35个循环;最后在72℃延伸10min。PCR产物用2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测并拍照。取3μlPCR产物,加入1μl ExoSAP-IT酶(上海国药集团公司,中国)37℃孵育15min,然后80℃处理15min灭活酶。PCR产物纯化后稀释4倍备用。
3)SNaPshot反应及产物纯化
SNaPshot反应体系为:SNaPshot反应混合物(Multiplex ReadyReaction Mix)2μl;SNaPshot延伸引物0.5μl(引物终浓度为0.2μmol/L);上述纯化稀释PCR产物1.5μl;去离子水1μl。SNaPshot循环参数为96℃ 10s,50℃ 5s,60℃ 30s,共25循环。取5μl SNaPshot反应产物加入0.57μl10×buffer和0.1μl CIP(SNaPshot反应产物纯化酶)在37℃下孵育1h,然后75℃处理15min灭活酶达到产物纯化效果,-20℃保存备用。
4)3130遗传分析仪电泳:
电泳混合体系包括:9.25μl Hi-Di formamide(甲酰胺变性剂);0.5μl上述经纯化后的SNaPshot反应产物;0.25μl GeneScan 120 LIZ size standard(电泳分子内标)。体系混合后于95℃变性5min然后立即置于冰上处理2min。离心上样。
具体判型方法如附图2所示。
本发明的第二个目的是这样实现的:本发明利用这个多态位点及侧翼DNA序列信息,采用分子生物学技术鉴别个体基因型,针对抗腹泻病性状选育种猪。
本发明鉴别了一个影响断奶仔猪抗腹泻病性状的MUC13单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点,通过现代分子生物学技术检测该多态位点,利用标记辅助选择(MAS)选择有利的等位基因型个体留种,可以显著提高种群断奶仔猪的抗腹泻病能力,大大减少仔猪死亡率。
附图说明
图1为本发明鉴别的猪MUC13 SNP A157G突变位点的序列峰图;
图2为SNPA157G位点的SNaPshot判型图,其中a为GG型;b为AG型;c为AA型;
图3为ETEC F4ac与刷状缘的黏附检测结果,(a)为不黏附型,(b)为黏附型。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例并对照附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
选择种猪核心群个体,利用上述的SNaPshot方法鉴别MUC13 SNPA157G位点的基因型,选择有利的等位基因型个体留种,群体继代选育后改良种群的抗仔猪腹泻病性能。
实施例:
利用144头纯种仔猪包括杜洛克、长白、大白猪种作为实验动物,这些猪只从5个大型商业种猪场购买,每个猪种选取至少3个父系家系,每个家系选择3-4个1-2月龄个体。144头纯种仔猪屠宰后,取小肠空肠部分,提取小肠上皮细胞刷状缘,利用E.coli F4ab、F4ac和F4ad菌株黏附猪小肠上皮细胞刷状缘,通过相差显微镜检测细菌的黏附结果。每个样品检测20个以上的刷状缘,若有10%以上的刷状缘上至少有2个细菌黏附,判该样品为黏附型,若至少有2个细菌黏附的刷状缘不到10%,但有1-2个细菌黏附的刷状缘多于10%,判该样品为弱黏附型,否则判为不黏附型。黏附效果图如附图3所示。
采用上述SNaPshot方法对144头纯种仔猪进行SNP A157G基因型判定,用SAS软件包(SAS9.0.2002.SAS institute Ine.Cary.NC.USA.)的Freq过程,对各SNP位点的基因型与ETEC F4ab/ac/ad体外黏附猪小肠刷状缘的表型进行相关性统计分析(见表1)。其中SNP A157G多态性与ETEC F4ac的侵染易感性呈极显著的相关,A等位基因为易感基因,G等位基因为抗性基因;基因型AA和AG个体对ETEC F4ac的侵染易感,GG型个体对ETECF4ac的侵染具有抵抗性(p<0.0001)。GG型个体是抗腹泻病型猪的选育改良所需的基因型个体。在商业种猪核心群中,继代选育GG型个体,可以进一步改良种群的抗腹泻病性状,减少仔猪的死亡率。
表1 SNP A157G多态性与ETEC F4黏附表型的相关性
续表1 SNP A157G多态性与ETEC F4黏附表型的相关性
注:x2表示卡方值;df表示自由度;RR表示相对风险率;0R表示比数比,即等位基因A抗性个体的比率(P(Ar)=12/141)与等位基因G(P(Gr)=290/131)抗性的比率(0R=P(Ar)/P(Gr)之比;95℅L表示置信区间下限;95℅U表示置信区间上限;p<0.01表示差异极显著;p>0.05表示差异不显著;+表示细菌黏附猪小肠的刷状缘,-表示细菌不黏附猪小肠的刷状缘。
Claims (3)
1、一个可鉴别西方猪种断奶仔猪F4腹泻易感性/抗性的MUC13分子标记,其特征在于:DNA序列
gctggagaga ccaaacccac agatccctct gtgtgttggt aagtgttcca cctgcttctg 60
aatggtcctc acacctcctg ccttttctcc attcacattt gcaaaggact cattttctgg 120
ctcaagtttc catgtacatt tcagagtctg agggatrtga attttggcta taggcctgtg 180
gtcctggatg gggcgtgggc taaggagctg gtgaggaggc ccatgtgctg cctcacaggg 240
gacaggtcac atgcagagcc atggagcgcc tcattctacc cagaaaaagc aatgtgaaaa 300
aattgtattc tgtgacatgt cactttgggg ttgaacgggt tgaactggtc gtttctgaaa 360
attacccaga aatcgctctg ttttgaagct ttgggtccag catgctctga tacctgcaat 420
gcagagaaca ataggcaatg cctcgtgagg agcgctggga acgccgaatg cttgtgcctg 480
cctggctaca aggaggataa aaacaagatc tgccaagcgt aagagaaatc actccttttt 540
catcttgtca tagatgaagc tgagagagaa gttagcacgt gtcacataca tatgggttta 600
gggtcaggaa gctggtacgc tggcatccgt taggaagttg caaagcgtca ccaccttcat 660
catcaccatt cccatcacca tcgggttttg aaccttctct atgtgctggg aaccacccaa 720
gcaatacttg tcacacagca gcactgtcgg gcctgtgttc attccctgtc ttcaggtgag 780
gaagctgaag ttcggagaat ataaacattc ccagatcaca gggcagtgaa taagtagcag 840
agccatgtgg cctcacaggc tgagggggtc ccacaatgct ccatgcctct ggggctctgc 900
tctgcccaaa ctgctgaatg ttcctgatgc tcggagggtg gagcgttcag tcagtagcaa 960
ttggaaccac aggagattgg ggagtacctc cctcaacctt ccagaggcca tgaaaggtac 1020
tcccctgaag aatgggagtg taaggagaaa agagaaagag gagatggaac agggagagag 1080
agtgaaagaa agatgcaagg atgggaagtt cccattgtgg cacagtggaa acaatccaac 1140
taatatgcat gagaatgcgg gttccatccc tggccttgct cagtggttta aggatctggc 1200
attgcccgga gctgtggtgt aggtcgaaga ctcagctcag atcttgagtg gctgtggctg 1260
tggttgtggc tgtggcatac gctggcagct gtagccctgg tttgacccct agcctgggaa 1320
tttccatatg ctacaagtgc agccct。 1346
2、如权利要求1所述的MUC13分子标记,其特征在于:所述第157个核苷酸处存在一个SNP A157G。
3、MUC13分子标记在选育改良种猪抗腹泻病性状中的应用。
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CN102286480A (zh) * | 2011-08-20 | 2011-12-21 | 江西农业大学 | 影响仔猪F4ac腹泻易感/抗性的MUC13基因关键标记位点及应用 |
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