CN101518216A - Method for seed production of O.mossambicus and O.hornorum - Google Patents
Method for seed production of O.mossambicus and O.hornorum Download PDFInfo
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- CN101518216A CN101518216A CN200910038389A CN200910038389A CN101518216A CN 101518216 A CN101518216 A CN 101518216A CN 200910038389 A CN200910038389 A CN 200910038389A CN 200910038389 A CN200910038389 A CN 200910038389A CN 101518216 A CN101518216 A CN 101518216A
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- tilapia mossambica
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for seed production of O.mossambicus and O.hornorum, and belongs to the field of breeding fish. The method discloses that the O.mossambicus is taken as a female parent, and the heredity similarity coefficient between individuals in a colony is more than 90.6 percent; the O.hornorum is taken as a male parent, and the heredity similarity coefficient between individuals in a colony is more than 91.2 percent; the parent fish of the female parent and male parent is bred for five years; and the interspecific hybridization of the female and male parent fish is performed according to the ratio of 3:1 to generate the O.mossambicus and O.hornorum, of which the male ratio of the tilapia F1 is more than 95 percent. The method has the advantages of realizing the single male breeding, solving the problem of excessive reproduction in the breeding of the tilapia, simultaneously speeding up the growth of the tilapia, improving the colony output and lowering production cost.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the method for fish breeding, the breeding method of Tilapia mossambica interspecific cross specifically.
Technical background:
Tilapia mossambica (tilapia) is one of important kind of freshwater aquaculture industry, and 85 countries and regions cultivating tilapias are arranged in the world.China is maximum in the world Tilapia mossambica producing country, increase of production during "the 10th five-years" 65.3%, increase by 10.5%, 2008 annual production every year and surpass 1,200,000 tons, account for 50% of Gross World Product.Tilapia mossambica also is large exported product in China's freshwater aquiculture kind, and 2007 annual export volumes and export amount are respectively 21.5 ten thousand tons and 4.9 hundred million dollars.
Though China Tilapia mossambica has been obtained the success of introducing a fine variety breed, but still there are many problems.It at first is the germplasm problem during seed produces, become the bottleneck of restriction industry development: because Tilapia mossambica is external introduced variety, introduce the difference in kind, area, cause existing kind germplasm to mix impure, its seed in growth rate, male ratio, rise and catch rate, cold resistance, feed conversion rate etc. and culture aspect the key elements uneven, culture efficiency is relatively poor, has influenced industrialized development.
Because the long speed of tilapia male sashimi (raw fish) is faster about 30% than raun, can accelerate growth rate and directly improve pond yields, reduces production costs.Therefore, culture complete male Tilapia mossambica and not only can solve its excessive multiplication problem but also can tachyauxesis, improve population yield.Occurring in nature, there are two kinds of dissimilar sex chromosome (ZW in Tilapia mossambica
-ZZ
And XX
-XY
), therefore, carrying out the Tilapia mossambica interspecific cross and can produce complete male Tilapia mossambica seed, this also is the main method and the trend of producing complete male Tilapia mossambica seed at present.The Tilapia mossambica kind of culturing mainly is a Buddhist nun fish difficult to understand (bolti * Oreochromis aureus) at present.But body colour of Buddhist nun fish difficult to understand and phenotype are similar to its female parent, and naked eyes are difficult to hybrid and female parent are told.Therefore cause easily mixing between crossbreed and parent, thereby reduce the quality (male ratio, growth rate etc.) of seed.
Orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica (O.mossambicus
) * He Nalong Tilapia mossambica (O.hornorum
) hybrid generation male ratio height, growth is fast, and body colour and parent distinguish obviously, for the guarantor's kind and the production high-quality seed of production of hybrid seeds unit offers convenience.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention provides the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica, utilize the method for Tilapia mossambica interspecific cross to obtain high male first filial generation (crossbreed), carry out the single male breed of Tilapia mossambica, solved excessive multiplication problem in the Tilapia mossambica breed, simultaneously can accelerate the growth rate of Tilapia mossambica, improve population yield, reduce production costs.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, with orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica (O.mossambicus) is female parent, genetic similarity in its colony between the individuality is more than 90.6%, He Nalong Tilapia mossambica (O.hornorum) is a male parent, genetic similarity in its colony between the individuality is more than 91.2%, the parent population of described female parent, male parent is all through seed selection in 5 years, and the male and female parent population carries out interspecific cross with three examples that make a comparison, and the male ratio of producing the Tilapia mossambica hybrid generation is the not lotus Tilapia mossambica more than 95%.
Intragroup genetic resemblance degree is that by formula S=2Nxy/ (Nx+Ny) calculates genetic resemblance degree between individuality (S is the genetic resemblance degree in the formula, Nx and Ny are respectively the amplified band number of individual x and y, Nxy is the total band number of individual x and y), intragroup genetic resemblance degree is by the similarity factor simple average between two all in colony individualities is tried to achieve.
The above male and female parent population is through seed selection, and body weight all is stabilized in more than 400 grams, the physique stalwartness, and gonad development is good.
The maternal parent population of orange Mozambique of the present invention Tilapia mossambica must possess the condition that is no less than with the next item down:
1. body colour is bright-coloured, is orange-yellow;
2. body length is 2.56 ± 0.08 with height ratio;
3. body length is 3.61 ± 0.09 with head length ratio;
4. caudal peduncle length is 0.72 ± 0.04 with the high ratio of caudal peduncle;
5. left side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 19～27;
6. right side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 19～26;
7. dorsal fin is XV～XVII11～13;
8. anal fin is III9～11;
9. going up lateral line scales is 18～25;
10. descending lateral line scales is 10～15;
More than He Nalong Tilapia mossambica male parent parent population of the present invention must possess the condition that is no less than with the next item down:
1. body colour cinerous;
2. body length is 1.89 ± 0.10 with height ratio;
3. body length is 3.45 ± 0.09 with head length ratio;
4. caudal peduncle length is 0.41 ± 0.05 with the high ratio of caudal peduncle;
5. left side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 18～27;
6. right side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 20～28;
7. dorsal fin is XIII～XV9～12;
8. anal fin is III9～11;
9. going up lateral line scales is 14～20;
10. descending lateral line scales is 7～13;
The terminal color of the not lotus Tilapia mossambica pectoral fin of hybrid generation of the present invention and abdomeinal fin is red, pectoral fin of the parent population of described female parent, male parent and abdomeinal fin end are orange or cinerous, difference obviously, avoided the germplasm of Tilapia mossambica to mix, for the parent of production of hybrid seeds unit management and production high-quality seed offer convenience.
The above not the lotus Tilapia mossambica can in fresh water, culture, or in the seawater breeding of 18 ‰ salinity.
Female parent of orange Mozambique of the present invention Tilapia mossambica and the male parent of He Nalong Tilapia mossambica all will guarantee the purity height, and through seed selection in 5 years, physique stalwartness, gonad development were good, hybridize, and can obtain the high male ratio of its first filial generation.
Advantage of the present invention is to utilize the method for maternal parent population of orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica and the interspecific cross of He Nalong Tilapia mossambica male parent parent population to obtain high male first filial generation, carry out the single male breed of Tilapia mossambica, solve excessive multiplication problem in the Tilapia mossambica breed, simultaneously can accelerate the growth rate of Tilapia mossambica, improve population yield, reduce production costs.
Embodiment:
1, creates the suitable artificial ecoenvironment of fish.
2, be female parent with orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica, genetic similarity in its colony between the individuality is more than 90.6%, the He Nalong Tilapia mossambica is a male parent, genetic similarity in its colony between the individuality is more than 91.2%, two kinds of parent populations of described male and female are all through seed selection in 5 years, the physique stalwartness, gonad development is good, and body weight is stable at more than 400 grams.
3, the scalability shape of orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica and He Nalong Tilapia mossambica
4, the denumerable proterties of orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica and He Nalong Tilapia mossambica
| The He Nalong Tilapia mossambica | Orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica | |
| Left side first cheek | 18～27 | 19～27 |
| Bow outside cheek rake | (24.00±1.40) | (24.00±1.40) |
| Left side first cheek | 24～30 | 23～31 |
| Bend inboard cheek rake | (27.63±1.01) | (27.13±1.63) |
| Right side first cheek | 20～28 | 19～26 |
| Bow outside cheek rake | (23.48±1.25) | (22.23±1.18) |
| Right side first cheek | 24～30 | 23～30 |
| Bend inboard cheek rake | (27.73±1.44) | (26.93±1.24) |
| Last lateral line scales | 14～20(17.45±1.05) | 18～25(21.70±1.65) |
| Following lateral line scales | 7～13(10.00±1.25) | 10～15(13.45±0.95) |
| The hard sour jujube of dorsal fin | XIII～XV(13～15) | XV～XVII(15～17) |
| The soft sour jujube of dorsal fin | 9～12(10.93±0.52) | 11～13(11.73±0.47) |
| The pectoral fin fin ray | 12～13 | 11～13 |
| The abdomeinal fin fin ray | I+5 | I+5 |
| The hard sour jujube of anal fin | III9～11 | III9～11 |
| Soft of anal fin | (9.53±0.55) | (10.1±0.36) |
5, the maturation age of two parent Tilapia mossambicas
Orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica and He Nalong Tilapia mossambica all belong to repeatedly and lay eggs, and the minimum body length of two parents is respectively 6.60cm and 8.64cm gets final product sexual maturity.It is female respectively to dissect 10 tail parent Tilapia mossambicas in the test, calculates its mature egg number, fish brood amount, fertility relatively.
Maturity of fish gonads=100 * sexual gland weigh/goes the body weight behind the internal organ
The ovum grain number * ovary gross weight/n of absolute fertility (fish brood amount)=n gram sample
Relative fertility=fish brood amount/fish body weight (gram).
The result is as table
Two parents' gonad maturity index
| Body long (cm) | Absolute fertility (grain) | Mature coefficient | Relative fertility | |
| Orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica | 6.60～8.91 | 620～971(702 ±183) | 3.566±1.606 | 31.233±7.190 |
| The He Nalong Tilapia mossambica | 8.64～10.94 | 716～983(810 ±156) | 1.464±0.718 | 17.860±3.191 |
6, the production of hybrid seeds
Put 15d before the parent population in a suitable place to breed, reply is bred the pond and is leveled sterilization, and the pond water temperature is gone up and when being stabilized in more than 18 ℃, can be put parent population in a suitable place to breed.The male and female parent population is put in a suitable place to breed in the 3:1 ratio.
After parent population is put into and breeds the pond, should strengthen feeding and management, keep pond water quality pure and fresh, the dissolved oxygen abundance, the new water of in good time annotating keeps suitable water temperature, stimulates parent population to oestrus and lays eggs.When water temperature stability more than 23 ℃ the time, pool 10d～15d under the parent population, parent population promptly oestruses and chases, and digs the nest mating; After 7d～10d, visible pool side has fry to move about in groups, meets scaring promptly by (being epimeletic behavior) in the female parent population suction inlet, numerous seedling success this moment.
7, emerge
Self-operation is lived, the group time that looses as yet when fry goes, and parent population begins to stop epimeletic behavior, just can begin to drag for seedling.After seeing pool side the group's that looses fry being arranged, the diddle-net that adopts bolting silk to make is fished for before sunrise every day, with seeing with dragging for; Or fish for once with the full pond of the every 10d of close net.Fry is dragged for to breeding spand and cultivates.Concentrate a collection ofly, cultivate a collection ofly, make the synchronous cultivation same period of fry of same size, avoid killing and devouring mutually because of individual difference.The fry male ratio reaches more than 95% by statistics.
Orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica female parent obviously can make a distinction in appearance with the hybridization first filial generation that He Nalong Tilapia mossambica male parent is hybridized production; pectoral fin of two kinds of parent populations of described male and female and abdomeinal fin end are orange or cinerous; and the terminal color of the pectoral fin of hybridization first filial generation and abdomeinal fin is red; because difference obviously; avoided the germplasm of Tilapia mossambica to mix, for the protection of the germplasm of production of hybrid seeds unit and production high-quality seed offer convenience.
The not lotus Tilapia mossambica of the production of hybrid seeds of the present invention can be cultured in fresh water, also can be in the seawater breeding of 18 ‰ salinity.
Claims (6)
1, the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica, it is characterized in that with orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica be female parent, genetic similarity in its colony between the individuality is more than 90.6%, the He Nalong Tilapia mossambica is a male parent, genetic similarity in its colony between the individuality is more than 91.2%, the parent population of described female parent, male parent is all through seed selection in 5 years, and the male and female parent population carries out interspecific cross with three examples that make a comparison, and the male ratio of producing Tilapia mossambica hybridization first filial generation is the not lotus Tilapia mossambica more than 95%.
2, the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that described male and female parent population through seed selection, and body weight all is stabilized in more than 400 grams, the physique stalwartness, and gonad development is good.
3, the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the maternal parent population of orange Mozambique Tilapia mossambica must possess the condition that is no less than with the next item down:
1. body colour is bright-coloured, is orange-yellow;
2. body length is 2.56 ± 0.08 with height ratio;
3. body length is 3.61 ± 0.09 with head length ratio;
4. caudal peduncle length is 0.72 ± 0.04 with the high ratio of caudal peduncle;
5. left side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 19～27;
6. right side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 19～26;
7. dorsal fin is XV～XVII11～13;
8. anal fin is III9～11;
9. going up lateral line scales is 18～25;
10. descending lateral line scales is 10～15.
4, the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that He Nalong Tilapia mossambica male parent parent population must possess the condition that is no less than with the next item down:
1. body colour cinerous;
2. body length is 1.89 ± 0.10 with height ratio;
3. body length is 3.45 ± 0.09 with head length ratio;
4. caudal peduncle length is 0.41 ± 0.05 with the high ratio of caudal peduncle;
5. left side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 18～27;
6. right side mandibular arch outside gill raker number is 20～28;
7. dorsal fin is XIII～XV9～12;
8. anal fin is III9～11;
9. going up lateral line scales is 14～20;
10. descending lateral line scales is 7～13.
5, the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1, the not lotus Tilapia mossambica pectoral fin and the terminal color of abdomeinal fin that it is characterized in that hybrid generation are redness, pectoral fin of the parent population of described female parent, male parent and abdomeinal fin end are orange or black, difference obviously, avoided the germplasm of Tilapia mossambica to mix, for the parent of production of hybrid seeds unit management and production high-quality seed offer convenience.
6, the producing method for seed of a kind of not lotus Tilapia mossambica according to claim 1 is characterized in that the lotus Tilapia mossambica can not cultured in fresh water, or the seawater breeding of 18 ‰ salinity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910038389A CN101518216B (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2009-04-03 | Method for seed production of O.mossambicus and O.hornorum |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910038389A CN101518216B (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2009-04-03 | Method for seed production of O.mossambicus and O.hornorum |
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|---|---|
| CN101518216A true CN101518216A (en) | 2009-09-02 |
| CN101518216B CN101518216B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070095A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fine breed preservation method of genetically improved farmed tilapia form selection |
| CN104542397A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 茂名市伟业罗非鱼良种场 | Multi-parental hybrid breeding method of tilapia |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1435090A (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-13 | 李思发 | Fish breeding technique |
| CN101292633B (en) * | 2007-04-28 | 2011-11-16 | 李思发 | Bredding method for hybridization of fish-Ji'ao tilapia |
-
2009
- 2009-04-03 CN CN200910038389A patent/CN101518216B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070095A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Fine breed preservation method of genetically improved farmed tilapia form selection |
| CN104542397A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 茂名市伟业罗非鱼良种场 | Multi-parental hybrid breeding method of tilapia |
| CN104542397B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2019-04-05 | 茂名市伟业罗非鱼良种场 | A kind of polynary parents producing method for seed of Tilapia mossambica |
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| CN101518216B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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