CN101502429A - 缝合钉驱动组件 - Google Patents

缝合钉驱动组件 Download PDF

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CN101502429A
CN101502429A CNA2008102139935A CN200810213993A CN101502429A CN 101502429 A CN101502429 A CN 101502429A CN A2008102139935 A CNA2008102139935 A CN A2008102139935A CN 200810213993 A CN200810213993 A CN 200810213993A CN 101502429 A CN101502429 A CN 101502429A
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李安·奥尔森
拉尔夫·斯特恩斯
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/10Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for applying or removing wound clamps, e.g. containing only one clamp or staple; Wound clamp magazines
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    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B17/0682Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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Abstract

一种缝合钉驱动组件包括促动滑板和至少一个缝合钉推动器。缝合钉驱动组件适于安装在钉仓内,钉仓具有多个缝合钉和相应数量的固位槽。至少一个缝合钉推动器包括至少一个可释放地接合缝合钉的背跨度部的推动器板。缝合钉推动器可以包括多个可以横向和纵向间隔开的推动器板。促动部件具有至少一个有角度的凸轮系统面以接合至少一个缝合钉推动器的互补角度的面。促动部件和至少一个缝合钉推动器的凸轮系统接合促使至少一个缝合钉推动器的垂直移动。促动部件凸轮系统面和相应的缝合钉推动器顺次面的横向和纵向偏置改进了缝合钉推动器在弹射过程中的稳定性和控制。

Description

缝合钉驱动组件
在先申请的相互参考
本申请是于2005年10月4日提交的系列号为11/242,761的美国专利申请的部分延续,其全部内容通过引用并入于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及缝合装置。更特别地,本公开涉及用在缝合装置的钉仓中的缝合钉驱动组件。
背景技术
手术缝合装置广泛应用于通过将紧固件或缝合钉驱动进组织以快速和有效地紧固肌体组织的手术程序中。在某种类型的缝合装置中,驱动部件横向移动至将驱动的缝合钉的方向。典型地,这种缝合装置应用多个位于钉仓的开槽的狭槽中且端部至端部成列设置的缝合钉推动器元件。在正常操作下,横向移动的驱动部件接触缝合钉推动器上的凸轮部件,因而在开槽的狭槽中垂直地推动缝合钉推动器。缝合钉推动器从驱动部件将线性运动传送至缝合钉。因此将成列的缝合钉被驱动进将被紧固的肌体组织。
出现了关于设计用于驱动一个或更多手术缝合钉的缝合钉推动器的若干期刊。如果作用到缝合钉推动器的力不是有效平稳的,则缝合钉推动器趋向于在开槽的狭槽中扭动和/或对着开槽的狭槽的壁结合。另外,促动滑板和缝合钉推动器之间的单个接触点可能在缝合钉推动器上形成摆动点,其可能促使缝合钉推动器以失衡的方式脱离钉仓,这可能导致不均匀的缝合钉成形。此外,驱动多个缝合钉的缝合钉推动器可能对驱动部件的纵向运动产生更大的阻力。理想的是,在驱动部件的整个操作中缝合钉推动器容许应用相对平稳的弹射力。同样理想的是,形成多个完成的缝合钉的缝合装置具有充分均衡的结构。
已知多种缝合钉推动器和凸轮杆装置。例如,参见专利号为4,955,959;4,978,049;5,395,034;5,630,541;5,662,258;6,131,789和D278,081的美国专利。
发明内容
本公开旨在提供用于钉仓的缝合钉驱动组件。缝合钉驱动组件包括促动滑板和至少一个缝合钉推动器。钉仓包括具有多个固位槽的组织接触面,其中每个固位槽适于可释放地承受缝合钉。钉仓可以包括沿其纵轴从近侧部到远侧部延伸的导向沟槽。在一个实施方式中,钉仓适于使用在具有驱动机构的手术缝合器上。
促动滑板包括底部、至少一个凸轮系统部件和导向部件。各个凸轮系统部件包括第一或前凸轮楔和第二或后凸轮楔。前凸轮楔和后凸轮楔彼此横向和纵向间隔开。将凸轮楔在横向和纵向上都间隔开产生这样的形势,缝合钉推动器以两平面中偏置的点接触,以便当驱动缝合钉推动器时,控制和驱动缝合钉推动器基本垂直于钉仓的组织面,而不在危及垂直于组织接触面而驱动缝合钉的任何方向摆动。另外,各个凸轮楔第一驱动面和第二驱动面。在一个实施方式中,第一驱动面相对于底部形成第一驱动角,而第二驱动面相对于基本平行于底部的平面形成第二驱动角。导向部件适于可滑动地接合导向沟槽,以便当促动滑板平移通过钉仓时对准并导向促动滑板。在一个实施方式中,定向第一驱动面以使第一驱动角可以在大约30°至大约40°的范围内,而定向第二驱动面以使第二驱动角可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内。
每个缝合钉推动器包括至少一个推动器板和至少一个凸轮部件。在一个实施方式中,每个缝合钉推动器包括三个推动器板和两个凸轮部件。在可选的实施方式中,每个缝合钉推动器包括一个推动器板和两个凸轮部件。在再一个实施方式中,每个缝合钉推动器包括两个推动器板和两个凸轮部件。第一和第二凸轮部件适于可滑动地接合促动滑板的凸轮组件中的一个。每个凸轮部件包括第一和第二凸轮面,第一和第二凸轮面限定与第一和第二驱动角互补的相应的第一和第二接合或承受角(receiving angle)。在一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约15°至大约55°的范围内,而第二承受角可以在大约5°至大约35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约25°至大约45°的范围内,而第二承受角可以在大约10°至大约30°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约30°至大约40°的范围内,而第二承受角可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内。第一和第二凸轮部件纵向和横向间隔开,以补充促动滑板的前凸轮楔和后凸轮楔的设置。
促动滑板通过钉仓向远侧移动促使促动滑板与设置在钉仓中的缝合钉推动器的依次接合。当促动滑板沿着钉仓的纵轴移动时,第一驱动面可滑动地接合第一凸轮面,因此在大致垂直的方向上推进各个缝合钉推动器。当促动滑板继续向远侧移动时,第二驱动面可滑动地接合各个缝合钉推动器的第二凸轮面以继续在大致垂直的方向上驱动各个缝合钉推动器,而第一驱动面与第一凸轮面脱离。为了垂直地推进各个缝合钉推动器,各个凸轮系统部件在至少两个纵向间隔的位置接触各个缝合钉推动器。驱动面的纵向错列设置与凸轮部件的互补错列设置协作使当缝合钉推动器垂直移动时其纵向稳定性最大化。另外,第一和第二驱动角与互补的第一和第二承受角协作有助于各个缝合钉推动器的改良的纵向稳定性。
在本公开的另一个实施方式中,促动滑板包括基本相同或类似的元件,但第一驱动角和第二驱动角可以在大约5°至大约35°的范围内,而第二驱动角可以在大约20°至大约35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约10°至大约30°的范围内,而第二驱动角可以在大约25°至大约45°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内,而第二驱动角可以在大约30°至大约40°的范围内。在促动滑板向远侧移动的过程中,第一驱动面可滑动地接合在大致垂直的方向推进各个缝合钉推动器的第二凸轮面。当促动滑板继续向远侧移动时,第二驱动面随着第一驱动面与第二凸轮面脱离而接合第一凸轮面。申请人已发现,为凸轮楔设置小于第二驱动角的第一驱动面角度提供了平稳的弹击(firingstroke)。与前面的实施方式类似,纵向错列(即间隔开)的凸轮部件与互补错列的凸轮楔协作使缝合钉推动器的纵向稳定性最大化。另外,当第一驱动角小于第二驱动角时,缝合钉推动器与两驱动面者接触如接触缝合钉推动器从接触一驱动面转移到另一驱动面。
在本公开的再一个实施方式中,公开的促动滑板包括相同或基本类似的元件。在该实施方式中,促动滑板包括第一和第二凸轮系统部件、底部和导向部件。各个凸轮系统部件进一步包括第一和第二凸轮楔,第一和第二凸轮楔纵向间隔开且相对于底部限定驱动角。各个凸轮系统部件的第一和第二凸轮楔也横向间隔开。
本公开的另一个实施方式包括具有相同或基本类似的元件的促动滑板。根据该实施方式,促动滑板包括第一和第二凸轮系统部件、底部和导向部件。各个凸轮系统部件进一步包括第一和第二凸轮楔,第一和第二凸轮楔彼此横向间隔开且相对于底部限定多个驱动角。特别地,各个凸轮楔限定可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内的第一套驱动角和可以在大约26°至大约36°的范围内的第二套驱动角。在另一个实施方式中,各个凸轮楔限定可以在大约17°至大约23°的范围内的第一套驱动角和可以在大约28°至大约34°的范围内的第二套驱动角。在又一个实施方式中,各个凸轮楔限定可以在大约19°至大约21°的范围内的第一套驱动角和可以在大约30°至大约32°的范围内的第二套驱动角。
在本公开的可选实施方式中,描述了具有相同或基本类似的元件的促动滑板。根据该实施方式,促动滑板包括第一和第二凸轮系统部件、底部和导向部件。各个凸轮系统部件进一步包括第一和第二凸轮楔,第一和第二凸轮楔彼此横向和纵向地间隔开且相对于底部限定多个驱动角。特别地,各个凸轮楔限定可以在大约15°至大约55°的范围内的第一套驱动角和可以在大约5°至大约35°的范围内的第二套驱动角。在另一个实施方式中,各个凸轮楔限定可以在大约25°至大约45°的范围内的第一套驱动角和可以在大约10°至大约30°的范围内的第二套驱动角。在又一个实施方式中,各个凸轮楔限定可以在大约30°至大约40°的范围内的第一套驱动角和可以在大约10°至大约30°的范围内的第二套驱动角。
在在本公开的再另一个实施方式中,在手术缝合装置中的凸轮杆或促动部件的远侧端处可以包括各个所述的促动滑板。
在本公开的又一个实施方式中,缝合钉驱动组件可以包括至少一个近侧的缝合钉推动器、至少一个中间的缝合钉推动器和至少一个远侧的缝合钉推动器。近侧的缝合钉推动器设置在钉仓的近侧端处且适于弹出最外面的最近侧的缝合钉。远侧的缝合钉推动器位于钉仓的远侧端上并且被构造为弹出最外面的最远侧的缝合钉。各个缝合钉推动器具有第一和第二凸轮部件。依次地,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。另外,近侧的缝合钉推动器具的单个推动器板,中间的缝合钉推动器具有至少三个推动器板,而远侧的缝合钉推动器具有至少四个推动器板。
从本公开将理解到,通过设置彼此横向地和纵向地都偏置并且各个驱动面的第一驱动角小于第二驱动角的凸轮楔可以使缝合钉推动器的控制驱动最大化。
附图说明
这里参照附图来说明当前公开的缝合钉驱动组件的实施方式,其中:
图1是显示根据本公开的实施方式的促动滑板和缝合钉推动器的缝合钉驱动组件的立体图;
图2是内窥镜手术缝合装置的立体图;
图3是钉仓、缝合钉、缝合钉推动器和促动滑板的分解立体图;
图4是促动滑板处于起始位置的图4的钉仓的俯视图;
图5是沿图4的剖面线5-5截取的钉仓的近侧部分的侧向横截面视图;
图6是图1的缝合钉推动器的前视立体图;
图7是图1的缝合钉推动器的后视立体图;
图8是图1的缝合钉推动器的俯视图;
图9是沿图8的剖面线9-9截取的侧向横截面视图;
图10是沿图8的剖面线10-10截取的侧向横截面视图;
图11是图1的促动滑板的前视立体图;
图12是图1的促动滑板的后视立体图;
图13是图1的促动滑板的俯视图;
图14是沿图13的剖面线14-14截取的侧向横截面视图;
图15是沿图13的剖面线15-15截取的侧向横截面视图;
图16是图1的缝合钉驱动组件的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的初始接合;
图17是图1的缝合钉驱动组件的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板继续以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的继续接合;
图18是沿图17的缝合钉驱动组件的剖面线18-18截取的俯视图;
图19是根据本公开的另一个实施方式的促动滑板的前视立体图;
图20是图19的促动滑板的后视立体图;
图21是图19的促动滑板的俯视图;
图22是沿图21的剖面线21-21截取的图19的促动滑板的侧向横截面视图;
图23是沿图21的剖面线23-23截取的图19的促动滑板的侧向横截面视图;
图24是包括图19的促动滑板的缝合钉驱动组件的另一个实施方式的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的初始接合;
图25是图24的缝合钉驱动组件的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板继续以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的继续接合;
图26是根据本公开的缝合钉推动器的可选实施方式的后视立体图;
图27是图26的缝合钉推动器的俯视图;
图28是根据本公开的缝合钉推动器的另一个实施方式的后视立体图;
图29是图28的缝合钉推动器的俯视图;
图30是根据本公开的另一个实施方式的促动滑板的前视立体图;
图31是图30的促动滑板的后视立体图;
图32是图30的促动滑板的俯视图;
图33是沿图32的剖面线33-33截取的侧向横截面视图;
图34是沿图32的剖面线34-34截取的侧向横截面视图;
图35是包括图30的促动滑板的缝合钉驱动组件的另一个实施方式的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的初始接合;
图36是图35的缝合钉驱动组件的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板继续以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的继续接合;
图37是根据本公开的另一个实施方式的促动滑板的前视立体图;
图38是图37的促动滑板的后视立体图;
图39是图37的促动滑板的俯视图;
图40是沿图39的剖面线40-40截取的图39的促动滑板的侧向横截面视图;
图41是沿图39的剖面线41-41截取的图39的促动滑板的侧向横截面视图;
图42A是根据本公开的一个实施方式的推动器部件的仰视立体图;
图42B是图42A的推动器部件的侧视立体图;
图43是包括图37的促动滑板的缝合钉驱动组件的另一个实施方式的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板以箭头A的方向移动时,图42A的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的初始接合;
图44是图43的缝合钉驱动组件的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板继续以箭头A的方向移动时,图42A的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的继续接合;
图45是根据本公开的另一个实施方式的促动滑板的前视立体图;
图46是图45的促动滑板的后视立体图;
图47是图45的促动滑板的俯视立体图;
图48是沿图47的剖面线48-48截取的图47的促动滑板的侧向横截面视图;
图49是沿图47的剖面线49-49截取的图47的促动滑板的侧向横截面视图;
图50是包括图45的促动滑板的缝合钉驱动组件的另一个实施方式的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的初始接合;
图51是图50的缝合钉驱动组件的侧向横截面视图,表示当促动滑板继续以箭头A的方向移动时,图6的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件和促动滑板的凸轮楔之间的继续接合;
图52是根据本公开的一个实施方式的促动部件的端部的侧向横截面视图;
图53是根据本公开的可选实施方式的促动部件的端部的侧向横截面视图;
图54是根据本公开的另一个实施方式的促动部件的端部的侧向横截面视图;
图55是根据本公开的又一个实施方式的促动部件的端部的侧想横截面视图;
图56是根据本公开的另一个实施方式的促动部件的端部的侧向横截面视图;
图57是根据本公开的一个实施方式的钉仓的立体图;
图57a是缝合钉和缝合钉推动器的侧视立体图;
图58是根据本公开的一个实施方式的双缝合钉推动器的俯视立体图;
图59是图58的双缝合钉推动器的侧视立体图;
图60是图58的双缝合钉推动器的俯视图;
图61是沿图60的剖面线61-61截取的侧向横截面视图;
图62是根据本公开的一个实施方式的四个缝合钉推动器的俯视立体图;
图63是图62的四个缝合钉推动器的后视立体图;
图64是图62的四个缝合钉推动器的仰视立体图;
图65是图62的四个缝合钉推动器的俯视图;
图66是沿图65的剖面线66-66截取的侧向横截面视图;
图67是根据本公开的一个实施方式的钉仓的立体图;
图68是根据本公开的一个实施方式的单个缝合钉推动器的俯视立体图;
图69是图68的单个缝合钉推动器的侧视立体图;
图70是图68的单个缝合钉推动器的仰视立体图;
图71是图71的单个缝合钉推动器的俯视图;以及
图72是沿图71的剖面线72-72截取的单个缝合钉推动器的侧向横截面视图。
具体实施方式
现将参照附图详细描述当前公开的缝合钉驱动组件的实施方式,其中相同的附图标记指代在若干幅视图中的相同或相应的元件。这里使用的术语“远侧”指的是离使用者较远的器具的部分或部件,而术语“近侧”指的是离使用者较近的器具的部分或部件。
根据本公开的一个实施方式的缝合钉驱动组件100如图1所示。缝合钉驱动组件100包括促动滑板110和至少一个缝合钉推动器160。促动滑板110包括底部112、第一凸轮系统部件120、第二凸轮系统部件140和导向部件150。第一凸轮系统部件120和第二凸轮系统部件140包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔122、142和相应的第二或后凸轮楔124、144。在一个实施方式中,缝合钉驱动组件100适合用于具有至少两个直线列的缝合钉的手术缝合器中,诸如内窥镜或腹腔镜检查的缝合器。
授予Milliman等人的现在转让给美国外科手术(United StatesSurgical)且为其拥有的专利号为6,669,073的美国专利,公开了具有缝合钉的直线列的手术缝合器的实例,其全部内容以引用的方式并入于此。如图2所示,手术缝合器一般表示为10。手术缝合器10包括触发组件30、本体部12、钉仓40和砧组件70。触发组件30包括枢转的扳机32。扳机32的枢转运动在扳机32的连续触发过程中将扳机32的枢转运动转变为驱动机构(未示出)的线性运动。驱动机构可操作地连结到钉仓40中的促动滑板以将驱动机构的线性运动转变为促动滑板的线性运动。缝合器10可活动这样可以将肌体组织(未示出)的部分定位在砧组件70和钉仓40之间。缝合器10的触发使砧组件70朝向钉仓40移动,因此将肌体组织捕获或固定在其之间。另外,一旦将部分肌体组织捕获在砧组件70和钉仓40之间,缝合器10的继续触发弹射出缝合钉50(图3)穿过肌体组织部分且对着砧组件70以形成完成的缝合钉50。当前公开的缝合钉驱动组件100可以并入在专利号为6,669,073的美国专利中公开的手术缝合器10的钉仓40中。可选地,缝合钉驱动组件100可以并入包括开式手术缝合设备其它已知的缝合设备中,诸如专利号为4,955,959;4,978,049;  5,395,034;5,630,541;5,662,258;6,131,789和D278,081的美国专利所表示和说明的开式手术缝合器,以及其它的内窥镜或腹腔镜手术缝合设备,诸如在申请号为2004/0232195、2004/0232197和2004/0232199的公开的美国专利申请中所表示和说明的内窥镜缝合器。尽管本公开描述了包括促动滑板的实施方式,但也应理解到,滑板凸轮部件的设计特征和作用可以被直接并入凸轮杆或起动楔(firing wedge)中,其依次连接到手术缝合器具的起动机构。
图3表示包括图1所示的缝合钉驱动组件的钉仓40′。钉仓40′包括多数个紧固件或缝合钉50和相应数量的缝合钉凹穴或固位槽60。组织接触面44由钉仓40′的上表面限定。导向沟槽42在钉仓40′的长度上充分地延伸,且适合于可滑动地承受促动滑板110的导向部件150,如图4所示。在图4中,滑板110被显示定位在钉仓40′的近侧端且导向部件150设置在导向沟槽42中。当导向部件150从钉仓40′的近侧端纵向平移到远侧端时,导向沟槽42协助导向部件150将促动滑板110对准且定位在钉仓40′中。导向沟槽42也可以便利刀片(未示出)穿过钉仓40′,诸如通过将刀片安装到导向部件150上。
在图5中,沿图4的线5-5截取的横截面视图,促动滑板110被显示以第一位置或就绪位置设置在钉仓40′的近侧端。在就绪位置,促动滑板110能够通过钉仓40′向远侧平移(即,由箭头A指示的方向)且进而接合缝合钉推动器160(图3),下文将详细讨论。促动滑板110可以沿着钉仓40′的纵轴从其就绪位置平移到位于钉仓40′的远侧部的第二位置或终点位置。
现回到图6至10,图示了缝合钉推动器160的一个实施方式的若干视图。各个缝合钉推动器160包括第一凸轮部件162、第二凸轮部件164和至少一个叉子(prong)或推动器板166。在一个实施方式中,各个缝合钉推动器160包括三个横向和纵向彼此间隔开的推动器板166。一般地,第一凸轮部件162、第二凸轮部件164和推动器板166位于平行于钉仓40′的纵轴的平面中。如图6和图7所示,各个推动器板166包括前缘166a和后缘166b。在一个实施方式中,推动器板166可以纵向间隔开或错列以使邻近的推动器板166的前缘166a之间的纵向间隔大约是固位槽60长度的三份之二或大约是相邻的推动器板166的长度的三份之二。另外还有,各个推动器板166包括适合于可释放地接合缝合钉50的背跨度部(backspan)52的上表面166c(见图1)。钉仓40′的各个固位槽60被设置成可释放地承受缝合钉50和推动器板166(见图3)。另外,各个缝合钉包括两条钉腿54。
如前面所论述,缝合钉推动器160包括横向及纵向间隔开的叉子或推动器板166和介于相邻的推动器板166之间的第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164。更具体地,如上所论述,在本公开的一个实施方式中,各个缝合钉推动器160包括多个推动器板166,推动器板166基本上平行于钉仓40′的纵轴且平行于各个缝合钉推动器160的中心线CL(图8)。另外,第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164也基本上平行于中心线CL(图8)。在图8中从左向右看(即远侧到近侧),缝合钉推动器160包括沿中心线CL最远的内侧的推动器板166。中间的推动器板166与内侧的推动器板166横向间隔开且与内侧的推动器板166在近侧方向上轴向偏置。外侧的推动器板166与中间的推动器板166横向间隔开且与中间的推动器板166在近侧方向上轴向偏置。另外还有,第一凸轮部件162设置在内侧的推动器板166与中间的推动器板166之间而第二凸轮部件164设置在中间的推动器板166与外侧的推动器板166之间。这样设置,缝合钉推动器160具有推动器板166从缝合钉推动器160的远侧部到缝合钉推动器160近侧部纵向错列的设置,见图8。
第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164包括相应的第一凸轮面162a、162b和第二凸轮面164a、164b(图9和图10)。在第一凸轮面162a、162b和第二凸轮面164a、164b的相交处具有相应的过渡点(transition point)162c、164c。延伸穿过过渡点162c、164c的平面T(图10)平行于相应的凸轮部件162的顶部163、凸轮部件164的顶部165。在一个实施方式中,第一凸轮面162a、164a相对于相应的第一凸轮部件162顶部163和第二凸轮部件164的顶部165限定第一接合角或承受角。第二凸轮面162b、164b相对于平面T限定第二接合角或承受角。第一和第二承受角对促动滑板110的凸轮系统部件120、140的相应的第一和第二驱动角进行补充,如下面详细的论述。在一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约15°到大约55°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约5°到大约35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约25°到大约45°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约10°到大约30°的范围内。在又一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约30°到大约40°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约15°到大约25°的范围内。
图26至29表示当前公开的缝合钉推动器的可选实施方式,且下文详细论述。首先参照图26至27,表示缝合钉推动器260,缝合钉推动器260包括与缝合钉推动器160相同或基本相似的部件。各个缝合钉推动器260包括第一凸轮部件262、第二凸轮部件264和单个的叉子或推动器板266。一般地,第一凸轮部件262、第二凸轮部件264和推动器板266位于平行于钉仓40′的纵轴的平面中。如图26和图27所示,各个推动器板266包括前缘266a和后缘266b。另外还有,各个推动器板266包括适合于可释放地接合缝合钉50的背跨度部52的上表面266c(见图1)。各个钉仓40′的固位槽60被设置成可释放地承受缝合钉50和推动器板266(见图3)。
缝合钉推动器260包括将第一凸轮部件262和第二凸轮部件264分隔开的叉子或推动器板266。更具体地,各个缝合钉推动器260包括单个推动器板266,推动器板266基本上平行于钉仓40′的纵轴且平行于各个缝合钉推动器260的中心线CL(图27)。另外,第一凸轮部件262和第二凸轮部件264也基本上平行于中心线CL(图27)。
第一凸轮部件262和第二凸轮部件264包括相应的第一凸轮面262a、262b和第二凸轮面264a、264b(图26)。在第一凸轮面262a、262b和第二凸轮面264a、264b的相交处具有相应的过渡点262c、264c。延伸穿过过渡点262c、264c的平面T(图26)平行于相应的顶部263、265。在一个实施方式中,第一凸轮面262a、264a相对于相应的第一凸轮部件262的顶部263和第二凸轮部件264的顶部265限定第一接合角或承受角。第二凸轮面262b、264b相对于平面T限定第二接合角或承受角。第一和第二承受角对凸轮系统部件120、140的第一和第二驱动角进行补充,如下面详细的论述。在一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约15°到大约55°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约5°到大约35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约25°到大约45°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约10°到大约30°的范围内。在又一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约30°到大约40°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约15°到大约25°的范围内。
现在参照图28和图29,本公开的缝合钉推动器的另一个实施方式表示且参考为360。各个缝合钉推动器360包括第一凸轮部件362、第二凸轮部件364和横向且纵向彼此间隔开的两个叉子或推动器板366。一般地,第一凸轮部件362、第二凸轮部件364和推动器板366位于平行于钉仓40′的纵轴的平面中。如图28和图29所示,各个推动器板366包括前缘366a和后缘366b。推动器板366可以纵向间隔开或错列以使邻近的推动器板366的前缘366a之间的纵向间隔大约是固位槽60长度的三份之二或大约是推动器板366的长度的三份之二。另外还有,各个推动器板366包括适合于可释放地接合缝合钉50的背跨度部52的上表面366c(见图1)。钉仓40′的各个固位槽60被设置成可释放地承受缝合钉50和推动器板366(见图3)。
第一凸轮部件362和第二凸轮部件364包括相应的第一凸轮面362a、362b和第二凸轮面364a、364b(图28和图29)。在第一凸轮面362a、362b和第二凸轮面364a、364b的相交处具有相应的过渡点362c、364c。延伸穿过过渡点362c、364c的平面T(图28)平行于相应的顶部363、365。在一个实施方式中,第一凸轮面362a、364a相对于相应的第一凸轮部件362的顶部363和第二凸轮部件364的顶部365限定第一接合角或承受角。第二凸轮面362b、364b相对于平面T限定第二接合角或承受角。第一和第二承受角对凸轮系统部件120、140的相应的第一和第二驱动角进行补充,如下面详细的论述。在一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约15°到大约55°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约5°到大约35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约25°到大约45°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约10°到大约30°的范围内。在又一个实施方式中,第一承受角可以在大约30°到大约40°的范围内而第二承受角可以在大约15°到大约25°的范围内。
参照图11至15,显示了促动滑板110的一个实施方式的若干视图。第一凸轮系统部件120和第二凸轮系统部件140各自分别包括第一或前凸轮楔122、142,第一或前凸轮楔122、142分别与第二或后凸轮楔124、144横向及纵向间隔开。各对凸轮系统楔的横向和纵向的偏距基本上对应于相应的凸轮部件162、164之间的横向和纵向的偏距。第一凸轮楔122、142分别以基本相等的量与第二凸轮楔124、144横向和纵向地间隔开,这样第一凸轮系统部件120和第二凸轮系统部件140关于促动滑板110的中心纵轴对称。前凸轮楔122、142包括相应的第一驱动面122a、142a和第二驱动面122b、142b。第一驱动面122a、142a相对于促动滑板110的底部112在凸轮系统部件120、140上形成第一驱动角。在第一驱动面122a、142a和第二驱动面122b、  142b的相交处具有相应的过渡点123、143。延伸穿过过渡点123、143的平面X基本平行于底部112。第二驱动面122b、142b相对于平面X在凸轮系统部件120、140上形成相应的第二驱动角。平面X也基本平行于钉仓40′的组织接触面44。
类似地,后凸轮楔124、144包括相应的第一驱动面124a、144a和第二驱动面124b、144b。第一驱动面124a、144a相对于促动滑板110的底部112(图5)在凸轮系统部件120、140上形成第一驱动角。在第一驱动面124a、144a和第二驱动面124b、144b的相交处具有相应的过渡点125、145。平面X延伸穿过过渡点125、145并且基本上平行于底部112。第二驱动面124b、144b相对于平面X在凸轮系统部件120、140上形成相应的第二驱动角。在一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约15°到大约55°的范围内而第二驱动角可以在大约5°到大约35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约25°到大约45°的范围内而第二驱动角可以在大约10°到大约30°的范围内。在又一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约30°到大约40°的范围内而第二驱动角可以在大约15°到大约25°的范围内。
图16至18表示缝合钉驱动组件100的促动滑板110和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用,且下文将详细论述。首先,如图16所示,促动滑板110在由箭头A(也见图5)指示的方向上穿过钉仓40′向远侧平移,促使第一驱动面122a可滑动地接合第一凸轮面162a且在由箭头B指示的基本垂直的方向上从其第一位置或静止位置推进缝合钉推动器160。因为楔122、124的横向和纵向偏距对应于凸轮楔162、164之间的横向和纵向偏距,第一驱动面124a基本上同时滑动地接合第一凸轮面164a,因此在由箭头B指示的基本垂直的方向上推进缝合钉推动器160。由于凸轮面162a和164a纵向偏置,所以以可控的和平衡的方式驱动缝合钉推动器160,且当驱动缝合钉推动器160穿过固定槽60时,使缝合钉推动器160倾斜或逆时针转动(如图16至17所示)的任何趋势最小化。第一驱动面122a、124a和相应的第一凸轮面162a、164a具有将促动滑板110的纵向运动最大化地转变为缝合钉推动器160的垂直运动的余角。
现参照图17,促动滑板110的继续向远侧运动进一步地将缝合钉推动器160大体垂直地推进到中间位置,这样第二驱动面122b、124b可滑动地接合相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b而第一驱动面122a、124a基本同时脱离相应的第一凸轮面162a、164a。类似地,第二驱动面122b、124b和相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b具有将促动滑板110的纵向运动最大化地转变为缝合钉推动器160的垂直运动的余角。第二驱动面122b、124b和相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b的相应的横向和纵向偏置继续控制缝合钉推动器160的提升以将缝合钉推动器160倾斜或以逆时针方向转动的任何趋势最小化,如图16至17所示。直到第二驱动面122b、124b和相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b之间脱离之前,促动滑板110的继续向远侧运动继续垂直地将缝合钉推动器160推进到其第二或终点位置。
由于第二凸轮系统部件140和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用与第一凸轮系统部件120和推动器160的相交基本相同,这里将不再详细说明第二凸轮系统部件140和缝合钉推动器160的相交。
促动滑板110在由箭头A指示的方向上的纵向运动导致第一凸轮部件120和第二凸轮部件140可滑动地接合缝合钉推动器160,如图16至18所示。前凸轮楔122、142和第一凸轮部件162之间的滑动接合和后凸轮楔124、144和第二凸轮部件164之间的基本同时的接合的共同协作改进了缝合钉推动器160在如下文的垂直运动期间的纵向稳定性。前凸轮楔122、142与后凸轮楔124、144纵向间隔开预定值。由于相应的第一和第二凸轮部件162、164纵向间隔开相对等但互补的量,促动滑板110的纵向运动导致前凸轮楔122、124和后凸轮楔124、144与相应的第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164的基本上同时但偏置的接合,因此在纵向间隔开的接触点处将促动滑板110的纵向运动转变为缝合钉推动器160的垂直运动。通过在两个纵向间隔开的接触点处将促动滑板110的纵向运动传递到各个缝合钉推动器160,获得各个缝合钉推动器160的基本平衡的垂直运动。因为在各个缝合钉推动器160的整个垂直移动中,第一凸轮系统部件120和第二凸轮系统部件140和相应的第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164之间有两点接触,由于该两点接触设置而使各个缝合钉推动器160的枢转或倾斜最小化。当在相应的固位槽60中垂直驱动各个缝合钉50时,在垂直移动过程中最小化各个缝合钉推动器160的枢转或倾斜进一步使各个缝合钉50的枢转或倾斜最小化。这提供了缝合钉和砧凹穴(未示出)的更精确的接触,因而改进了缝合钉的形成。
另外,第一凸轮系统部件120的凸轮楔122、124和第二凸轮系统部件140的凸轮楔142、144之间的横向偏置抑制了缝合钉推动器160的“摆动”。当促动滑板施加到缝合钉推动器的上升力不平衡时产生缝合钉推动器在促动滑板的运动横向的方向上“摆动”的趋势时,可能发生缝合钉推动器的“摆动”。该“摆动”运动在连续弹射过程中可能引起缝合钉的错位,导致不均匀的缝合钉形成。在极端的情况下,“摆动”可能引起缝合钉形成的“前跳”,其中缝合钉的后钉腿以一角度脱离钉仓并且以与相同缝合钉的前钉腿相同的位置进入砧凹穴。通过为促动滑板110设置横向偏置的凸轮楔,促动滑板110在两个横向间隔的接触点基本上同时地接触缝合钉推动器160,因此给予在第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164之间基本平衡的缝合钉推动器160以上升力。因此,促动滑板110和缝合钉推动器160的接合导致缝合钉推动器160基本平衡的垂直运动且抑制缝合钉推动器160的“摆动”和抑制前跳缝合钉形成。
另外还有,如上所述,各个凸轮楔122、124、142、144限定多个承受角,该承受角与由凸轮部件162、164限定的驱动角互补。当第一驱动角大于第二驱动角时,在缝合钉推动器和凸轮楔之间可能发生单点接触。因于这种单点接触,缝合钉推动器的不稳定性也可能导致弹射过程中缝合钉推动器的倾斜或转动。当缝合钉推动器从接触一个驱动面平移到另一个驱动面时,很可能发生这种不稳定性。如上所述,缝合钉推动器160的不平衡垂直运动可能使缝合钉推动器160以一个角度垂直移动,以至于缝合钉推动器160的上表面166c(图1)基本不平行于组织接触面44或缝合钉50的背跨度部52(图3)。这可能导致不适当形成的缝合钉,缝合钉和砧凹穴的错位,或缝合钉和固位槽的错位。通过在各个凸轮楔上提供不同的角,限定角度差,其中角度差使缝合钉推动器160的“转动”最小化。
促动滑板110和缝合钉推动器260、360之间的相互作用基本上与上文所描述的促动滑板110和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用相类似,这里不再详细论述。要充分注意到,可以自由地用缝合钉推动器260、360来代替缝合钉推动器160。
现在参照图19至25,图示当前公开的缝合钉驱动组件200的另一个实施方式(图24至25)。缝合钉驱动组件200包括促动滑板210(图19至23)和至少一个缝合钉推动器160(图6至10)。促动滑板210适合于且被设置为用于钉仓40′中,作为促动滑板110的可选件。参见图19至23,促动滑板210包括第一凸轮系统部件220、第二凸轮系统部件240和导向部件250。第一凸轮系统部件220和第二凸轮系统部件240包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔222、242和相应的第二或后凸轮楔224、  244。
与促动滑板110相似,促动滑板210的前凸轮楔222、242包括第一驱动面222a、242a和第二驱动面222b、242b。设置在第一驱动面222a、242a和第二驱动面222b、242b之间的是相应的第一过渡点223和第二过渡点243。第一驱动面222a、242a从远侧点214纵向地且垂直地向近侧延伸,因此相对于底部212形成第一驱动角。后凸轮楔224、244与前凸轮楔222、242纵向间隔开预定距离。后凸轮楔224、244的第一驱动面224a、244a从相应的起点214a、214b在近侧方向纵向地且垂直地延伸以相对于底部212形成第一驱动角。延伸穿过前凸轮楔222、242的过渡点223、243(图23)的平面X′平行于底部212。第二驱动面222b、242b相对于平面X′形成相应的第二驱动角。另外,平面X′延伸穿过后凸轮楔224、244的过渡点225、245(图23)且基本平行于底部212。平面X′也基本平行于钉仓40′的组织接触面44。第二驱动面222b、242b相对于平面X′形成相应的第二驱动角。在一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约5°到大约35°的范围内而第二驱动角可以在大约20°到大约55°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约10°到大约30°的范围内而第二驱动角可以在大约25°到大约45°的范围内。在又一个实施方式中,第一驱动角可以在大约15°到大约25°的范围内而第二驱动角可以在大约30°到大约40°的范围内。通过为促动滑板210设置具有超大初始接合面(flatterinitial engaging surface)的第一驱动面222a、242a,该超大初始接合面具有相对于平行于底部212的平面的下角(lower angle),促动滑板210和各个缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用更可控制。当促动滑板210平移穿过钉仓40′且如上所述与各个缝合钉推动器相互作用时,随着促动滑板210平移穿过钉仓40′,促动滑板210逐渐地且可控制地垂直地推进各个缝合钉推动器160。
在缝合钉驱动组件200中,促动滑板210和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用如图24至25所示且在下面详细论述。当促动滑板210在由箭头A所示的大致水平方向向远移动穿过钉仓40′(见图5)时,第一驱动面222a、224a接触相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b且将缝合钉推动器160从其第一位置或静止位置在由箭头B所示的大致垂直方向推进。由于第一驱动角由第一驱动面222a、224a限定且与由第二凸轮面162b、164b限定的第二承受角互补,促动滑板210在方向A的水平移动促使缝合钉推动器160在方向B的垂直移动。
当促动滑板210继续在箭头A的方向移动时,第二驱动面222b、224b接合相应的第一凸轮面162a、164a且第一驱动面222a、224a保持与其相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b接合,因此提供缝合钉推动器160的附加的纵向的和垂直的稳定性。在促动滑板210在箭头A的方向移动预定距离后,第一驱动面222a、224a与其相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b脱离而第二驱动面222b、224b保持与其相应的第一凸轮面162a、164a接合。由第二驱动面222b、224b限定的第二驱动角与由第一凸轮面162a、164a限定的第一承受角互补,进一步将缝合钉推动器160在箭头B的方向推进穿过中间位置。直到第二驱动面222b、224b和相应的第二凸轮面162b、164b之间脱离之前,促动滑板210的继续向远侧移动继续垂直地将缝合钉推动器160推进到其第二位置或终点位置。当缝合钉推动器从接触第一驱动面转移到接触第二驱动面时,第一驱动角小于第二驱动角的凸轮楔在凸轮楔和缝合钉推动器之间产生多个接触点,因此进一步在弹射过程中提高缝合钉推动器的稳定性。另外,由于在缝合钉推动器垂直移动过程中缝合钉推动器具有额外的支撑,所以设置第一驱动角小于第二驱动角使错位最小化。
由于第二凸轮系统部件240和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用基本上与第一凸轮系统部件220和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用相同,这里将不再详细描述第二凸轮系统部件240和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用。要充分注意到,可以自由地用缝合钉推动器260、360来替代缝合钉推动器160。
前凸轮楔222、242和第一凸轮部件162之间的滑动接合与后凸轮楔224、244和第二凸轮部件164之间基本同时接合的协作基本与上述的缝合钉驱动组件100类似且提高缝合钉推动器160在垂直运动过程中的纵向稳定性。
促动滑板210和缝合钉推动器260、360之间的相互作用基本与促动滑板210和缝合钉推动器160之间的上述相互作用类似,将不再详细论述。
现在参照图30至36,表示当前公开的缝合钉驱动组件300的另一个实施方式(图35至36)。缝合钉驱动组件300包括促动滑板310(图30至34)和至少一个缝合钉推动器160(图6至10)。促动滑板310适于且构造成用于钉仓40′中,作为促动滑板110或促动滑板210的可选件。
如图30至34所示,促动滑板310包括第一凸轮系统部件320、第二凸轮系统部件340和导向部件350。第一凸轮系统部件320和第二凸轮系统部件340包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔322、342和相应的第二或后凸轮楔324、344。
与促动滑板110和210相似,后凸轮楔324、344横向地且纵向地与前凸轮楔322、342间隔开预定距离。前凸轮楔322、342包括前驱动面322a、342a而后凸轮楔324、344包括后驱动面324a、344a。后凸轮楔324、344的驱动面324a、344a从相应的起点314a、314a在近侧方向纵向地且垂直地延伸。前凸轮楔的驱动面322a、342a也从相应的起点314a、316b在近侧方向纵向地且垂直地延伸。各个驱动面322a、342a、324a、344a相对于底部312形成驱动角,其中该驱动角基本与驱动面322a、342a、324a、344a相同。在一个实施方式中,驱动角可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,驱动角可以在大约10°至大约30°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,驱动角可以在大约5°至大约35°的范围内。
在缝合钉驱动组件300中,促动滑板310和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用如图35至36所示且在下面详细论述。当促动滑板310在如箭头A所示的大致水平方向向远侧移动穿过钉仓40′(见图5)时,驱动面322a、324a接合缝合钉推动器160的凸轮面162、164且将缝合钉推动器160从其第一位置或静止位置在如箭头B所示的大致垂直方向推进。在前面的实施方式中,凸轮面162、164限定承受角,该承受角与由驱动面322a、324a形成的驱动角互补。凸轮面162、164横向地和纵向地间隔开以使凸轮面162、164的间隔相当于凸轮楔驱动面的横向和纵向间隔。当促动滑板310向远侧移动穿过钉仓40′时,缝合钉推动器160的凸轮面162、164保持其与促动滑板310的驱动面322a、324a的接合。将理解的是,如上所述,凸轮楔和凸轮面的横向和纵向间隔提高缝合钉推动器在弹射过程中的稳定性,即使不不改变驱动面的驱动角。
由于第二凸轮系统部件340和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用基本上与第一凸轮系统部件320和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用相同,这里将不再详细描述第二凸轮系统部件340和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用。应充分注意到,可以自由地用缝合钉推动器260、360来替代缝合钉推动器160。
前凸轮楔322、342和第一凸轮部件162之间的滑动接合与后凸轮楔324、344和第二凸轮部件164之间的基本同时接合的协作基本与上述的缝合钉驱动组件100、200类似且提高缝合钉推动器160在垂直运动过程中的纵向稳定性。
促动滑板310和缝合钉推动器260、360之间的相互作用基本与上述的促动滑板310和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用,将不再详细论述。
现在参照图37至44,表示当前公开的缝合钉驱动组件400的另一个实施方式(图43至44)。缝合钉驱动组件400包括促动滑板410(图37至41)和至少一个缝合钉推动器460(图42A至42B)。促动滑板410适于且构造成用于钉仓40′中(图4)。
如图42A至42B所示,缝合钉推动器460包括第一凸轮部件462、第二凸轮部件464和至少一个叉子或推动器板466。在一个实施方式中,缝合钉推动器460包括彼此横向地由第一凸轮部件462和第二凸轮部件464间隔开的三个推动器板466。一般地,第一凸轮部件462、第二凸轮部件464和推动器板466位于平行于钉仓40′的纵轴的平面中。各个推动器板466包括前缘466a、后缘466b和上表面466c。在一个实施方式中,一个推动器板466可以纵向间隔开,这样推动器板466相对彼此错列定向,这样两个外面的推动器板彼此横向对准,而中间的推动器板从与侧边推动器板的横向对准处移置。授予Green的现在为Tyco医疗健康集团(Tyco Healthcare Group LP)拥有的专利号为4,978,049的美国专利中公开了一种适合的缝合钉推动器的实例,其全部内容通过引用并入于此。
第一凸轮部件462和第二凸轮部件464包括相应的凸轮面462a、464a(图42A)。在一个实施方式中,凸轮面462a、464a相对于相应的第一凸轮部件462的顶部463和第二凸轮部件464的顶部465限定接合角或承受角。该承受角与下面详细论述的促动滑板410的凸轮系统部件420、440的第一驱动角互补。在一个实施方式中,承受角可以在大约15°到大约25°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,承受角可以在大约17°到大约23°的范围内。在又一个实施方式中,承受角可以在大约19°到大约21°的范围内。
参照图37至41,缝合钉驱动组件400的促动滑板410包括第一凸轮系统部件420和第二凸轮系统部件440,其各自分别具有第一凸轮楔422、442,第一凸轮楔422、442分别与第二凸轮楔424、444横向间隔开基本相同的量,这样第一凸轮系统部件420和第二凸轮系统部件440基本关于促动滑板410的中心纵轴对称。各个凸轮楔422、424、442、444包括多个如图37至38所示的驱动面,其中各个相应的驱动面用标记字符“a至d”表示。平面Y延伸穿过驱动面“a”和“b”之间的交界。平面Y基本平行于底部412和钉仓40′的组织接触面44(见图3)。下面详细论述第一凸轮楔422以说明驱动面之间的关系,凸轮楔424、442和444具有基本相同的关系。
凸轮系统部件420的第一凸轮楔424包括如图41所示的第一至第四驱动面424a、424b、424c和424d。第一驱动面422a相对于底部412限定第一角,而第二驱动面422b相对平面Y限定第二驱动角。另外,驱动面422c和422d的坡度分别与驱动面422a和422b的坡度基本相同。在促动滑板410的一个实施方式中,第一和第三驱动角(即驱动面422a、442c限定)可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一和第三驱动角可以在大约17°至大约23°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,第一和第三驱动角可以在大约19°至大约21°的范围内。第二驱动角(即驱动面422b、422d限定)可以在大约26°至大约36°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第二驱动角可以在大约28°至大约34°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,第二驱动角可以在大约30°至大约32°的范围内。
图43至44表示促动滑板410和缝合钉驱动组件400的缝合钉推动器460之间的相互作用,下面详细进行论述。首先,如图43所示,促动滑板410向远侧在箭头A指示的方向平移通过钉仓40′促使第一凸轮部件420的凸轮楔422、424可滑动地接合缝合钉推动器460。具体地,第一驱动面422a、424a基本同时可滑动地接合相应的凸轮面462a、464a且将缝合钉推动器460从其第一位置或静止位置在由箭头B所指示的大体垂直的方向推进。在缝合钉驱动组件400的一个实施方式中,凸轮楔422、424、442、和444的第一和第三驱动角与凸轮面462a、464a的第一承受角互补。当促动滑板410在驱动面422a、424a可滑动地接合相应的凸轮面462a、464a的同时(即接合第一驱动角)向远侧移动时,推动器板466的上表面466c接合缝合钉50的背跨度部52,且以基本垂直的方向推进缝合钉50并且接合与组织接触面44接触的组织。当促动滑板410继续向远侧移动时,凸轮面462a、464a可滑动地接合相应的第二驱动面422b、424b,继续垂直地推进缝合钉50。如图44所示,促动滑板410继续向远侧平移促使凸轮面462a、464a可滑动地接合驱动面422c、424c(即接合第三驱动角),因此将缝合钉50的钉腿54移动至与砧组件70接合以形成完成的缝合钉50。通过提供与凸轮面462a、464a的承受角互补的相应的第一驱动面422a、424a和第三驱动面422c、424c的第一和第三驱动角,促动滑板410向远侧移动和缝合钉推动器460之间的相互作用可以减小弹射缝合钉50必需的弹射力。除了使驱动角和承受角匹配外,第一驱动面422a、424a与第三驱动面422c、424c间隔开预定距离,因此在缝合钉50分别接合组织和砧组件70时,进一步使缝合钉推动器460的反冲(kicking)最小化。
由于第二凸轮系统部件440和缝合钉推动器460之间的相互作用与第一凸轮系统部件420和推动器460的相互作用基本相同,这里将不再详细说明第二凸轮系统部件440和缝合钉推动器460之间的相互作用。
另外,图45至51示出了缝合钉驱动组件的另一个实施方式且且一般参照500(图50至51)。缝合钉驱动组件500包括促动滑板510(图45至49),促动滑板510具有第一凸轮系统部件520和第二凸轮系统部件540,第一凸轮系统部件520和第二凸轮系统部件540各自分别具有分别与相应的第二凸轮楔524、544横向间隔开的第一凸轮楔522、542。第一凸轮楔522、542分别与第二凸轮楔524、544横向间隔开基本相等的量,这样第一凸轮系统部件520和第二凸轮系统部件540基本上关于促动滑板510的中心纵轴对称。各个凸轮楔522、524、542、544包括多个驱动面,如图45至46所示,其中各个相应的驱动面用标记字符“a至d”表示。平面Y延伸穿过驱动面“a”和“b”之间的交界。平面Y基本平行于底部512和钉仓40′的组织接触面44(图3)。另外,第一凸轮楔522、542与第二凸轮楔524、544纵向间隔开。下面将详细论述第一凸轮楔522以说明驱动面之间的关系,凸轮楔524、542和544具有基本相同的关系。
凸轮系统部件520的第一凸轮楔524包括第一至第四驱动面522a、522b、522c和522d,如图48所示。第一驱动面522a相对于底部512限定第一角,而第二驱动面522b相对平面Y限定第二驱动角。另外,驱动面522c和522d的坡度分别基本与驱动面522a和522b的坡度相同。在促动滑板510的一个实施方式中,第一和第三驱动角(即由驱动面522a、542c限定)可以在大约15°至大约55°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第一和第三驱动角可以在大约25°至大约45°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,第一和第三驱动角可以在大约30°至大约40°的范围内。第二驱动角(即由驱动面522b、522d限定)可以在大约5°至35°的范围内。在另一个实施方式中,第二驱动角可以在大约10°至30°的范围内。在再一个实施方式中,第二驱动角可以在大约15°至大约25°的范围内。
图50至51表示促动滑板510和缝合钉驱动组件500的缝合钉推动器160(图6)之间的相互作用,下面进行详细论述。首先,如图50所示,促动滑板510在由箭头A指示的方向向远侧平移通过钉仓40′,促使第一驱动面522a可滑动地接合第一凸轮面162b且将缝合钉推动器160从其第一位置或静止位置在由箭头B所指示的大体垂直的方向推进。基本同时地,第一驱动面524a可滑动地接合第一凸轮面16b,因此在由箭头B所指示的大体垂直的方向上推进缝合钉推动器160。由于凸轮面162b、164b和第一驱动面522a、524a纵向偏置,缝合钉推动器160被以平衡的方式驱动,以便当将缝合钉推动器160驱动通过固定槽60时使缝合钉推动器160的倾翻或倾斜最小化。第一驱动面522a、524a和相应的第一凸轮面162b、164b具有互补的角,其将促动滑板510的纵向运动最大化地转换成缝合钉推动器160的垂直运动。
现在参照图51,促动滑板510继续向远侧移动进一步将缝合钉推动器160大致垂直地推进到中间位置,这样第二驱动面522b、524b可滑动地接合相应的第二凸轮面162a、164b,而第一驱动面522a、524a基本同时地脱离相应的第一凸轮面162b、164b。类似地,第二驱动面522b、524b和相应的第二凸轮面162a、164a具有互补的角以将促动滑板510的纵向运动最大化地转换成缝合钉推动器160的垂直运动。促动滑板510继续向远侧移动在第二驱动面522b、524b和相应的第二凸轮面162a、164a之间脱离前,继续将缝合钉推动器160垂直地推进到其第二位置或终点位置。
由于第二凸轮系统部件540和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用与第一凸轮系统部件520和推动器160的相互作用基本相同,这里将不再详细描述第二凸轮系统部件540和缝合钉推动器160的相互作用。
促动滑板510在箭头A所指示的方向的纵向运动导致第一凸轮系统部件520和第二凸轮系统部件540可滑动地接合缝合钉推动器160,如图50至51所示。前凸轮楔522、542和第二凸轮部件164之间的滑动接合与后凸轮楔524、544和第一凸轮部件162之间基本同时接合的协助改进缝合钉推动器160在如下的垂直运动过程中的纵向稳定性。前凸轮楔522、542与后凸轮楔524、544纵向间隔开预定的量。由于相应的第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164纵向分隔开相当的但互补的量,促动滑板510的纵向移动导致前凸轮楔522、542和后凸轮楔524、544与相应的第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164基本同时接合,因此在纵向间隔开的撞击点处将促动滑板510的纵向移动转换成缝合钉推动器160的垂直运动。通过在两个纵向间隔开的撞击点处将促动滑板510的纵向移动转换到各个缝合钉推动器160,实现了各个缝合钉推动器160的基本平衡的垂直移动。由于在各个缝合钉推动器160的整个垂直运动中第一凸轮系统部件520和第二凸轮系统部件540和相应的第一凸轮部件162和第二凸轮部件164之间有两点接触,使得各个缝合钉推动器160的枢转或倾斜最小化。当在相应的固位槽60中垂直地驱动各个缝合钉50时,在垂直运动过程中最小化各个缝合钉推动器160的枢转或倾斜进一步使各个缝合钉50的枢转或倾斜最小化。这提供了缝合钉与砧凹穴(未示出)的更精确的接触,因而改进了缝合钉的形成。
促动滑板510和缝合钉推动器260、360之间的相互作用与上文所描述的促动滑板510和缝合钉推动器160之间的相互作用基本类似,这里将不再详细说明。应充分注意到,可以自由地用缝合钉推动器260、360来代替缝合钉推动器160。
本公开的再一个实施方式如图52至56所示,且下面将详细论述。图52至56中表示的实施方式包括凸轮部件或促动杆。在授予Green等人的现为Tyco医疗健康集团拥有的专利号为6,619,529的美国专利中公开了一种合适的凸轮杆和相关器件的实例,其全部内部以引用方式并入于此。另外,钉仓40′(图3)可以包括如在′529中公开的纵向槽,用于在凸轮杆纵向地平移通过钉仓40′时为凸轮杆提供横向稳定性。首先参照图52,表示凸轮杆或促动部件600的一部分。促动部件600包括远侧端610,其中远侧端610包括与促动滑板110(图11)中所包括的相同或基本相似的元件。远侧端610包括底部612、第一凸轮系统部件620和第二凸轮系统部件640(未示出)。第一凸轮系统部件620和第二凸轮系统部件640包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔622、642和相应的第二或后凸轮楔624、644。远侧端610的元件之间的构造和关系与促动滑板110的元件基本相似,这里将不再详细说明。本质上,远侧端610包括促动滑板110,使用标记字符6xx代替用于描述促动滑板110的1xx。另外,促动部件600和远侧端610可以替代钉仓40′(图4)中的促动滑板110。远侧端610和缝合钉推动器160(图6)的相互作用基本类似于促动滑板110和缝合钉推动器160的相互作用(见图16至17),这里将不再详细论述。进一步地还有,远侧端610适于与缝合钉推动器260(图26)或缝合钉推动器360(图28)协作。如图所示,凸轮楔622、642横向和纵向偏置且接合缝合钉推动器(未示出)上的相应的面,以改进缝合钉推动器在弹射过程中的稳定性,如上文关于凸轮楔122、142的说明。
在图53中,示出了促动部件700的一部分,该部分包括具有与促动滑板210(图19)所包括的相同或基本相似的元件的远侧端710。远侧端710包括底部712、第一凸轮系统部件720和第二凸轮系统部件740(未示出)。第一凸轮系统部件720和第二凸轮系统部件740包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔722、742和相应的第二或后凸轮楔724、744。远侧端710的元件之间的构造和关系基本类似于促动滑板210的元件,这里将不再详细说明。本质上,远侧端710包括促动滑板210,使用标记字符7xx代替用于说明促动滑板210的2xx。另外,促动部件700和远侧端710可以替代钉仓40′中的促动滑板210。远侧端710和缝合钉推动器160(图6)的相互作用基本类似于促动滑板210和缝合钉推动器160(见图22至23)的相互作用,这里将不再详细论述。进一步地还有,远侧端710适于与缝合钉推动器260(图26)或缝合钉推动器360(图28)协作。在该实施方式中,通过提供第一驱动角小于第二驱动角的驱动面来增加凸轮楔的横向和纵向偏置。该驱动角的设置提高了缝合钉推动器的稳定性,因此最小化倾斜或转动,且进一步减小缝合钉50的不均匀的弹射。
图54示出了促动部件800的一部分,该部分包括具有与促动滑板310(图30)相同或基本相似的元件的远侧端810。远侧端810包括底部812、第一凸轮系统部件820和第二凸轮系统部件840(未示出)。第一凸轮系统部件820和第二凸轮系统部件840包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔822、842和相应的第二或后凸轮楔824、844。远侧端810的元件之间的构造和关系基本类似于促动滑板310的元件,这里将不再详细说明。本质上,远侧端810包括促动滑板310,使用标记字符8xx代替用于说明促动滑板310的3xx。另外,促动部件800和远侧端810可以替代钉仓40′中的促动滑板310。远侧端810和缝合钉推动器160(图6)的相互作用基本类似于促动滑板310和缝合钉推动器160(见图35至36)的相互作用,这里将不再详细论述。进一步地还有,远侧端810适于与缝合钉推动器260(图26)或缝合钉推动器360(图28)协作。在该实施方式中,凸轮楔的横向和纵向偏置提高了缝合钉推动器在弹射过程中的稳定性。
图55示出了促动部件900的一部分,该部分包括具有与促动滑板410(图37)相同或基本相似的元件的远侧端910。远侧端910包括底部912、第一凸轮系统部件920和第二凸轮系统部件940(未示出)。第一凸轮系统部件920和第二凸轮系统部件940包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔922、942和相应的第二或后凸轮楔924、944。远侧端910的元件之间的构造和关系基本类似于促动滑板410的元件,这里将不再详细说明。本质上,远侧端910包括促动滑板410,使用标记字符9xx代替用于说明促动滑板410的4xx。另外,促动部件900和远侧端910可以替代钉仓40′中的促动滑板410。远侧端910和缝合钉推动器460(图42A)的相互作用基本类似于促动滑板410和缝合钉推动器460(见图43至44)的相互作用,这里将不再详细论述。
图56图示了促动部件1000的一部分,该部分包括具有与促动滑板510(图45)相同或基本相似的元件的远侧端1010。远侧端1010包括底部1012、第一凸轮系统部件1020和第二凸轮系统部件1040(未示出)。第一凸轮系统部件1020和第二凸轮系统部件1040包括相应的第一或前凸轮楔1022、1042和相应的第二或后凸轮楔1024、1044。远侧端1010的元件之间的构造和关系基本类似于促动滑板510的元件,这里将不再详细说明。本质上,远侧端1010包括促动滑板510,使用标记字符10xx代替用于说明促动滑板510的5xx。另外,促动部件1000和远侧端1010可以替代钉仓40′中的促动滑板510。远侧端1010和缝合钉推动器160(图6)的相互作用基本类似于促动滑板510和缝合钉推动器160(见图50至51)的相互作用,这里将不再详细论述。进一步地还有,远侧端1010适于与缝合钉推动器260(图26)或缝合钉推动器360(图28)协作。
图57至67示出了本公开的再一个实施方式。在一个实施方式中,钉仓2140包括组织接触部2161。参见图57,组织接触部2161包括第一组织接触面2161a、第二组织接触面2161b和第三组织接触面2161c。具体地,组织接触面2161a至2161c是彼此基本平行的平面结构,但彼此非共面(即,组织接触部是阶梯形的)。一套组织接触面2161a-c设置在刀沟槽2148的各侧上。第三组织接触面2161c具有限定于其中的刀沟槽2148。组织接触面2161c彼此共面。当从刀沟槽2148测量时,第一组织接触面2161a、第二组织接触面2161b和第三组织接触面2161c具有不同的高度。另外,各个第一组织接触面2161a彼此共面。类似地,各个第二组织接触面2161b彼此共面。尽管附图显示例如平面的组织接触面2161a至2161c,本公开想象到弯曲的或有角的组织接触面以及具有其它形状和构造的其它类型的组织接触面。
壁或任何其它合适的结构使第一组织接触面2161a和第二组织接触面2161b相互连接。类似地,诸如壁的合适的结构连接第二接触面2161b和第三接触面2161c。壁或相互连接的结构可以相对于组织接触面2161a至2161c成直角定向。但是,本公开设想以不同的方向诸如有角的、弯曲的或其它配置来定向壁或相互连接的结构。
在一个实施方式中,第一组织接触面2161a的高度最小,第三组织接触面2161c的高度最大,而第二组织接触面2161b的高度在第一组织接触面2161a和第三组织接触面2161c的高度之间。尽管组织接触面2161a至2161c显示为从第一组织接触面2161a到第三组织接触面2161c高度减小,可设想为各个组织接触面的高度可以根据特定的手术程序而不同。组织接触面2161a至2161c的其它特征也可以根据情况而变化。
各个组织接触面2161a至2161c包括多个形成在其中的固位槽2144。固位槽2144可以设置为分别位于组织接触面2161a、2161b、2161c中的多个列2144a、2144b、2144c。固位槽2144a-c的直线列沿着钉仓2140的纵轴交错,如图57和图67所示。具体地,列2144a、2144c的最远侧固位槽2144比列2144b的最远侧固位槽2144更靠近钉仓2140的远侧端。另一方面,列2144b的最近侧固位槽2144比列2144a、2144c的最近侧固位槽2144更靠近钉仓2140的近侧端。具有其它合适设置的固位槽2144a至2144c的直线列,只要它们能够承受手术紧固件都是在本公开的范围内。
图57a示出了钉仓2140中的手术紧固件50a-c的设置。钉仓2140包括手术紧固件或缝合钉50a、50b和50c。各个缝合钉50a、50b和50c包括背跨度部52a-c。手术紧固件50a的钉腿55a具有第一钉腿长度“A”,手术紧固件50b的钉腿55b具有第二钉腿长度“B”,而手术紧固件50c的钉腿55c具有第三钉腿长度“C”。在一个实施方式中,第一长度“A”大于第二长度“B”。依次地,第二长度“B”大于第三长度“C”。公开号为2007/0131732的美国专利申请描述该公开的紧固件设置的实施方式,其全部内容通过引用并入于此。但是,本公开设想其它紧固件设置。手术紧固件50a-c被设置成与缝合钉推动器2160共用来运作。
手术紧固件50a-c与缝合钉推动器2160和滑板110(图61)协作,这样滑板110通过钉仓2140的纵向平移在垂直方向推进推动器2160以弹出手术紧固件50a-c。如图57a所示,缝合钉推动器2160包括推动器板2166a-c,各个推动器板2166a-c具有不同的垂直尺寸。推动器板2166c具有最大的垂直尺寸且与手术紧固件50c协作,手术紧固件50c的钉腿长度最小。推动器板2166a具有最小的垂直尺寸且与手术紧固件50a协作,手术紧固件50a的钉腿长度最大。推动器板2166b的垂直尺寸大于推动器板2166a但小于推动器板2166c且与手术紧固件50b协作,手术紧固件50b具有在手术紧固件50a和手术紧固件50b的钉腿长度之间的中等的钉腿长度。手术紧固件50c设置邻近于刀沟槽2148。手术紧固件50a邻近于钉仓2140的外边缘,而手术紧固件50b设置在其之间。通过将手术紧固件50a-c和推动器板2160设置成互补高度,对着缝合钉的砧使不同尺寸的缝合钉形成期望的形状。也可想到,可以使用其它设置的推动器板和手术紧固件。
在根据本公开的工具组件中,可以设置具有不同钉腿长度的缝合钉,以将较大钉腿长度的缝合钉设置为邻近于刀沟槽2148。另外,钉仓2140可以具有单个的平面的组织接触面而砧部件可以设置多于一个的组织接触面以相对于钉仓的组织接触面限定多于一个的间隙。钉仓和砧部件中的一个或二者可以具有阶梯的表面,成角度的或倾斜的表面,或是选择来对应具有预定钉腿长度的缝合钉的弯曲的表面。在特定的实施方式中,在钉仓、砧部件、或二者上设置具有在其之间延伸的斜面的组织接触面。在特定的实施方式中,缝合钉推动器具有与不同缝合钉尺寸相应的高度。砧组件的砧凹穴、缝合钉推动器和/或促动滑板被设置为将各个不同尺寸的缝合钉形成期望的闭合形状。
在一个实施方式中,钉仓2140包括至少一个双重的缝合钉推动器2170,至少一个三重的缝合钉推动器2160和至少一个四重的缝合钉推动器2180。参见图57,双重的缝合钉推动器2170仅有两个推动器板2176,三重的缝合钉推动器2160具有三个推动器板2166,而四重的缝合钉推动器2180具有四个推动器板2186。缝合钉和推动器以在刀沟槽2148的第一侧面2148a和刀沟槽2148的第二侧面2148b上的方式设置,以在刀沟槽2148的各侧面上形成缝合钉的三个纵列。
双重的缝合钉推动器2170设置在钉仓2140的近侧端且适于分别通过列2144b和2144c的固位槽2144配置最近侧的缝合钉50b和50c。一个双重的缝合钉推动器2170与设置在列2144b和2144c的固位槽2144中的两个最近侧的缝合钉50b和50c相互作用。四重的缝合钉推动器2180定位在钉仓2140的远侧端且设置成配置四个最远侧的缝合钉50a和50c,包括通过列2144c、2144a的最远侧的固位槽2144配置的缝合钉。四重的缝合钉推动器2180与列2144a的最外侧的固位槽2144中的另一缝合钉50a以及列2144b的固位槽2144中的缝合钉50b相互作用。对于钉仓的各个侧2148a、2148b,一个双重的缝合钉推动器2170设置在钉仓2140的近侧端而一个四重的缝合钉推动器2180设置在钉仓2140的远侧端。推动器在钉仓的任一侧中彼此镜像设置。
多个三重的缝合钉推动器2160在双重的缝合钉推动器2170和四重的缝合钉推动器2180之间以纵向的方式延伸,且被设置为从最内列2144c、中间列2144b、和最外列2144a的固位槽2144配置缝合钉50a、50b和50c。一个三重的缝合钉推动器2160与设置在最外列2144a的固位槽2144中的一个缝合钉50a,设置在列2144b的固位槽2144中的一个缝合钉50b,和设置在最内列2144c的固位槽2144中的一个缝合钉50c相互作用。由三个组成的缝合钉推动器2160的推动器板的高度与缝合钉的尺寸相应,如上所论述。
现在参照图58至61,各个双重的缝合钉推动器2170包括第一凸轮部件2172、第二凸轮部件2174、第一叉子或推动器板2176和第二推动器板2178。推动器板2176设置在双重的缝合钉推动器2170相对于刀沟槽2148的最内部上。此外,推动器板2176定位在缝合钉推动器2170的最远侧端上。参见图60,推动器板2176基本平行于钉仓2140的纵轴且基本平行于轴线“L”。另外,推动器板2176包括前边缘2176a和后边缘2176b。进一步地,各个推动器板2176包括适于可释放地接合缝合钉50c的背跨度部52c(见图57a)的上表面2176c。在最内列2144c中的最近侧的固位槽2144构造成可释放地承受缝合钉50c和推动器板2176。如上所述,双重的缝合钉推动器2170也包括第二推动器板2178。推动器板2178设置在双重的缝合钉推动器2170的远侧端并且在双重的缝合钉推动器2170相对于刀沟槽2148的最外部分上。参见图60,推动器板2178基本平行于沿着钉仓2140所限定的纵轴且基本平行于轴线“L”。推动器板2178包括前边缘2178a和后边缘2178b。各个推动器板2178包括适于可释放地接合缝合钉50b的背跨度部52b(见图57a)的上表面2178c。中间列2144b中的最近侧固位槽2144设置成可释放地承受缝合钉50b和推动器板2178。
除了第一推动器板2176和第二推动器板2178外,双重的缝合钉推动器2170具有基本平行于轴线“L”的第一凸轮部件2172和第二凸轮部件2174,参见图60。第一凸轮部件2172和第二凸轮部件2174位于平行于钉仓2140的纵轴的平面中,且包括相应的第一凸轮面2172a、2174a和第二凸轮面2172b、2174b(见图59和图61)。过渡点2172c、2174c位于凸轮面2172a、2172b和2174a、2174b的交界。延伸通过过渡点2172c、2174c的平面“O”平行于位于凸轮面上方的顶部2173、2175(见图59和图61)。在一个实施方式中,第一凸轮面2172a、2174a相对于相应的第一凸轮部件2172的顶部2173和第二凸轮部件2174的顶部2175限定第一接合或承受角。第二凸轮面2172b、2174b相对于平面“O”限定第二接合或承受角。由于滑板110和凸轮面2172a、2172b和2174a、2174b的相互作用与滑板110和凸轮面162a、162b和164a、164b的相互作用基本相同,这里将不再详细描述滑板110和凸轮面2172a、2172b和2174a、2174b的相互作用。
图62至66表示四重的缝合钉推动器2180。各个四重的缝合钉推动器2180包括第一凸轮部件2182,第二凸轮部件2184,至少四个叉子或推动器板2186a、2186b、2186c、2186d。推动器板2186b至2186d彼此横向和纵向间隔开。推动器板2186a与2186b纵向对准但横向偏置。推动器板2186c在远侧的推动器板2186a和2186b之间横向间隔且与远侧的推动器板2186a和2186b在近侧方向轴向偏置。外侧的(相对于刀沟槽2148)近侧的推动器板2186d与中间的推动器板2186c横向间隔开且与中间的推动器板2186c在近侧方向轴向偏置。各个推动器板2186a-d基本平行于钉仓2140的纵轴且平行于轴线“I”,参见图65。推动器板2186a-d沿着轴线“I”是最远侧的。另外,各个推动器板2186a-d包括前边缘2187和后边缘2189。在一个实施方式中,推动器板2186a-d可以纵向间隔开或错列,这样邻近的推动器板2186a-c的前边缘2187之间的纵向间隔大约是列2144c的远侧固位槽2144的长度的三分之二。进一步地还有,各个推动器板2186a-d包括适于可释放地接合缝合钉50a-c的背跨度部52a-c(见图57a)的上表面2181。列2144a-c的最远侧固位槽2144设置成可释放地承受缝合钉50a-c和推动器板2186a-d。总的来说,四重的缝合钉推动器2180设置成配置四个缝合钉,包括在列2161a的固位槽2144中的两个最远侧缝合钉50a,在列2161b的固位槽2144中的一个最远侧缝合钉50b和在列2161c的固位槽2144中的一个最远侧缝合钉50c。各个推动器板2186可以具有不同的垂直尺寸以与缝合钉的尺寸对应。在一个实施方式中,远侧的推动器板2186a具有最大的垂直尺寸且设计成用于弹出缝合钉50c。远侧的推动器板2186b和外侧的推动器板2186d具有最小的垂直尺寸且适于弹出缝合钉50a。最后,中间或中部的推动器板2186c的垂直尺寸小于远侧的推动器板2186a,但大于远侧的推动器板2186b和近侧外侧的推动器板2186d且设置成弹出缝合钉50b。
另外,各个四重的缝合钉推动器2180包括介于如上所述的邻近的推动器板2186a-d之间的第一凸轮部件2182和第二凸轮部件2184。第一凸轮部件2182和第二凸轮部件2184位于平行于钉仓2140的纵轴的平面中。如图65所描述,第一凸轮部件2182和第二凸轮部件2184也基本平行于轴线“I”。进一步还有,第一凸轮部件2182设置在最内侧的(相对于刀沟槽2148)远侧推动器板2186a和中间的推动器板2186c之间而第二凸轮部件2184设置在中间的推动器板2186c和内侧的推动器板2186d之间。第一凸轮部件2182和第二凸轮部件2184包括相应的第一凸轮面2182a、2184a和第二凸轮面2182b、2184b(见图63、64和图66)。过渡点2182c、2184c位于第一凸轮面2182a、2184a和第二凸轮面2182b、2184b的交界。参见图66,延伸通过过渡点2182c、2184c的平面“P”平行于顶部2183、2185。在一个实施方式中,第一凸轮面2182a、2184a相对于相应的第一凸轮部件2182顶部2183和第二凸轮部件2184的顶部2185限定第一接合或承受角。第二凸轮面2182b、2182b相对于平面“P”限定第二接合或承受角。由于滑板110和凸轮面2182a、2182b和2184a、2184b的相互作用与滑板110和凸轮面162a、162b和164a、164b的相互作用基本相同,这里将不再详细描述滑板110和凸轮面2182a、2182b和2184a、2184b的相互作用。
在钉仓2140中,三重的缝合钉推动器2160布置在在刀沟槽2148的一侧2148a上沿着钉仓2140纵向延伸的列中和在刀沟槽2148的另一侧2148b上的另一列中。由于三重的缝合钉推动器2160的对角线形状,各个三重的缝合钉推动器2160与邻近的三重的缝合钉推动器2160相互嵌套。在钉仓2140的任一侧上的推动器彼此成镜像,参见图57。
参见图67,当前公开的钉仓1140的实施方式可选地包括在钉仓1140的近侧端处单个的缝合钉推动器1170以取代双重的缝合钉推动器2170。单个的缝合钉推动器1170仅有一个推动器板1176。因此,钉仓1140在中部或中间列1144b的近侧或远侧端处具有比钉仓2140少的一个固位槽1144。除了固位槽的数量不同外,钉仓1140基本类似于钉仓2140。
钉仓1140具有组织接触部1161,组织接触部1161包括第一组织接触面1161a、第二组织接触面1161b和第三组织接触面1161c。组织接触面1161a-c是平面结构,基本彼此平行但彼此非共面(即阶梯的)。一套组织接触面1161a-c设置在刀沟槽1148的各个侧上。各个第三组织接触面1161c与刀沟槽1148共面且彼此共面。当从刀沟槽2148测量时,第一组织接触面1161a和第二组织接触面1161b具有不同的高度。另外,各个第一组织接触面1161a彼此共面。类似地,各个第二组织接触面1161b彼此共面。壁或任何其它合适的结构使第一组织接触面1161a和第二组织接触面1161b彼此相互连接。同样地,壁或任何其它合适的结构使第二组织接触面1161b和第三组织接触面1161c彼此相互连接。
第一组织接触面1161a与第二组织接触面1161b和第三组织接触面1161c相比高度最小。第三组织接触面1161c高度最高,而第二组织接触面1161b的高度在第一组织接触面1161a和第三组织接触面1161c的高度之间。尽管组织接触面1161a至1161c显示为从第一组织接触面1161a到第三组织接触面1161c高度减小,本公开设想组织接触面具有其它的高度和设置。
各个组织接触面1161a至1161c包括形成在其中的多个固位槽1144。固位槽1144设置在分别位于组织接触面1161a、1161b、1161c中的多个列1144a、1144b、1144c中。固位槽1144a至1144c的直线列沿着钉仓1140的纵轴错列。具体地,列1144a和1144c的最远侧的固位槽1144比列1144b的最远侧的固位槽1144更接近钉仓1140的远侧端。另外,列1144a和1144c的最近侧的固位槽1144比列1144b的最近侧的固位槽1144更接近钉仓1140的近侧端。
特别地,列1144c的最内侧(相对于刀沟槽1148)最近侧的固位槽1144适于保持单个的缝合钉推动器1170的至少一部分。如图68至72所示,各个单个的缝合钉推动器1170包括第一凸轮部件1172、第二凸轮部件1174和叉子或推动器板1176。推动器板1176基本平行于钉仓1140的轴线“L”,参见图71。推动器板1176包括前边缘1176a和后边缘1176b。进一步地,各个推动器板1176包括适合于可释放地接合设置在列1144c的固位槽1144中的缝合钉50c的背跨度部52c的上表面1176c。列1144c中最近侧固位槽1144c构造成可释放地承受缝合钉50c和推动器板1176。
如前面所论述,推动器板也包括第一凸轮部件1172和第二凸轮部件1174。第一凸轮部件1172和第二凸轮部件1174位于平行于钉仓1140的纵轴的平面中。另外,第一凸轮部件1172和第二凸轮部件1174基本平行于各个单个缝合钉推动器1170的轴线“L”。第一凸轮部件1172和第二凸轮部件1174包括第一凸轮面1172a、1174a和第二凸轮面1172b、1174b(见图70)。过渡点1172c、1174c位于凸轮面1172a、1172b和1174a、1174b的交界。延伸通过过渡点1172c、1174c的平面“O”基本平行于相应的第一凸轮部件1172的顶部1173和第二凸轮部件1174的顶部1175。第二凸轮面1172b、1174b相对于平面“O”限定第二接合或承受角。由于滑板110和凸轮面1172a、1172b和1174a、1174b的相互作用与滑板110和凸轮面162a、162b和164a、164b的相互作用基本相同,这里将不再详细描述滑板110和凸轮面1172a、1172b和1174a、1174b的相互作用。
除了单个的缝合钉推动器1170外,钉仓1140包括具有至少四个推动器板1186的四重的缝合钉推动器1180。由于四重的缝合钉推动器1180基本类似于四重的缝合钉推动器2180,这里将不再详细说明四重的缝合钉推动器1180的结构特征。此外,钉仓1140包括具有至少三个推动器板1166的三重的缝合钉推动器1160。由于三重的缝合钉推动器1160基本类似于三重的缝合钉推动器2160,这里将不再详细说明三重的缝合钉推动器1160的结构特征。
尽管以上描述包含许多细节,但这些细节不应当理解为对本公开的范围的限制,而仅是作为其优选的实施方式的示例。本领域的技术人员将想到在本公开的范围和精神内的许多其它的可能的改变。仅通过示例的方式,应当设想到凸轮楔的各个面的驱动角可以在相同的促动机构的凸轮楔之间有所不同,或者缝合钉推动器承受面的承受角可以在相同的缝合钉推动器的凸轮部件之间有所不同,或者是驱动角和承受角两者都有所不同。

Claims (63)

1、一种缝合钉驱动组件包含:
钉仓;
设置在所述钉仓中的促动滑板;
具有两个推动器板的至少一个第一缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器适于弹出两个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓的近侧部;
具有四个推动器板的至少一个第二缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器适于弹出紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓的远侧部;以及
具有三个推动器板的至少一个第三缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器适于弹出多个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓中位于所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器和所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器之间。
2、根据权利要求1所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述促动滑板包括至少一个凸轮系统部件,所述至少一个凸轮系统部件包括间隔开的第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔,各个凸轮楔包括至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面,所述至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面被设置成相对于所述底部限定第一驱动角和第二驱动角,其中所述第一驱动角小于所述第二驱动角。
3、根据权利要求2所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
4、根据权利要求2所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
5、根据权利要求2所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
6、根据权利要求2所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔彼此纵向且横向地间隔开以接合各个凸轮部件。
7、根据权利要求3所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
8、根据权利要求4所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
9、根据权利要求5所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
10、根据权利要求2所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一驱动角在大约15°至大约25°的范围内,而所述第二驱动角在大约30°至大约40°的范围内。
11、根据权利要求2所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一驱动角为大约35°,而所述第二驱动角为大约20°。
12、根据权利要求1所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述钉仓包括阶梯形的组织接触面。
13、一种钉仓,包含:
多列固位槽;
第一缝合钉推动器,所述第一缝合钉推动器设置成与在第一列固位槽中的至少一个缝合钉相互作用;以及
第二缝合钉推动器,所述第二缝合钉推动器设置成与在第二列固位槽中的至少两个缝合钉相互作用。
14、根据权利要求13所述的钉仓,进一步包含促动滑板,所述促动滑板设置成与第一缝合钉推动器和第二缝合钉推动器相互作用。
15、根据权利要求14所述的钉仓,其中所述促动滑板包括至少一个凸轮系统部件,所述至少一个凸轮系统部件包括间隔开的第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔,各个凸轮楔包括至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面,所述至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面设置成相对于所述底部限定第一驱动角和第二驱动角,其中所述第一驱动角小于所述第二驱动角。
16、根据权利要求15所述的钉仓,其中所述第一缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
17、根据权利要求16所述的钉仓,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
18、根据权利要求15所述的钉仓,其中所述第二缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
19、根据权利要求18所述的钉仓,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
20、根据权利要求15所述的钉仓,其中所述第一驱动角在大约15°至大约25°的范围内,而所述第二驱动角在大约30°至大约40°的范围内。
21、根据权利要求13所述的钉仓,进一步包含阶梯形的组织接触面。
22、根据权利要求13所述的钉仓,其中所述第一缝合钉推动器包括第一推动器板和第二推动器板。
23、根据权利要求22所述的钉仓,其中所述第一缝合钉推动器位于所述钉仓的近侧端。
24、一种缝合钉驱动组件,包含:
钉仓;
设置在所述钉仓中的促动滑板;
具有一个推动器板的至少一个第一缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器适于弹出一个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓的近侧部;
具有四个推动器板的至少一个第二缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器适于弹出至少四个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓的远侧部;以及
具有三个推动器板的至少一个第三缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器适于弹出多个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓中位于所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器和所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器之间。
25、根据权利要求24所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述促动滑板包括至少一个凸轮系统部件,所述至少一个凸轮系统部件包括间隔开的第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔,各个凸轮楔包括至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面,所述至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面设置成相对于所述底部限定第一驱动角和第二驱动角,其中所述第一驱动角小于所述第二驱动角。
26、根据权利要求25所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
27、根据权利要求25所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
28、根据权利要求25所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
29、根据权利要求25所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔彼此纵向且横向地间隔开以接合各个凸轮部件。
30、根据权利要求26所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
31、根据权利要求27所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
32、根据权利要求28所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
33、根据权利要求25所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一驱动角在大约15°至大约25°的范围内。
34、根据权利要求25所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述钉仓包括阶梯形的组织接触面。
35、一种缝合钉驱动组件包含:
钉仓;
设置在所述钉仓中的促动滑板;
至少一个第一缝合钉推动器,其适于弹出一个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓的近侧部;
具有四个推动器板的至少一个第二缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器适于弹出至少四个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓的远侧部;以及
具有三个推动器板的至少一个第三缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器适于弹出多个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓中位于所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器和所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器之间。
36、根据权利要求35所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括两个推动器板。
37、根据权利要求35所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括一个推动器板。
38、一种缝合钉驱动组件包含:
钉仓;
设置在所述钉仓中的促动滑板;
第一缝合钉推动器,其设置在所述钉仓的近侧部;
第二缝合钉推动器,其设置在所述钉仓的远侧部;以及
第三缝合钉推动器,其设置在所述第一缝合钉推动器和所述第二缝合钉推动器之间,所述第三缝合钉推动器具有三个推动器板,所述第一缝合钉推动器具有少于三个的推动器板,而所述第二缝合钉推动器具有多于三个的推动器板。
39、根据权利要求38所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一缝合钉推动器具有两个适于弹出两个缝合钉的推动器板。
40、根据权利要求38所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一缝合钉推动器具有一个适于弹出一个缝合钉的推动器板。
41、根据权利要求38所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第二缝合钉推动器具有四个适于弹出四个缝合钉的推动器板。
42、根据权利要求38所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第三缝合钉推动器具有三个彼此纵向偏置的推动器板。
43、根据权利要求38所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述促动滑板包括至少一个凸轮系统部件,所述至少一个凸轮系统部件包括间隔开的第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔,各个凸轮楔包括至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面,所述至少第一驱动面和第二驱动面设置成相对于所述底部限定第一驱动角和第二驱动角,其中所述第一驱动角小于所述第二驱动角。
44、根据权利要求43所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
45、根据权利要求43所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
46、根据权利要求43所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器包括第一凸轮部件和第二凸轮部件,各个凸轮部件具有至少一个接合面。
47、根据权利要求73所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述第一凸轮楔和第二凸轮楔彼此纵向和横向地间隔开以接合各个凸轮部件。
48、根据权利要求47所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
49、根据权利要求48所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
50、根据权利要求46所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中各个凸轮部件包括第一接合面和第二接合面,所述第一接合面和第二接合面限定相应的第一承受角和第二承受角,所述第一承受角和第二承受角与相应的所述第一驱动角和第二驱动角互补。
51、根据权利要求38所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述钉仓包括阶梯形的组织接触面。
52、一种缝合钉驱动组件包含:
钉仓;
设置在所述钉仓中的促动滑板;
至少一个第一缝合钉推动器,其适于弹出至少一个缝合钉且设置在所述钉仓的近侧部;
具有四个推动器板的至少一个第二缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器适于弹出至少四个缝合钉且设置在所述钉仓的远侧部;以及
具有三个推动器板的至少一个第三缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个第三缝合钉推动器适于弹出多个紧固部件且设置在所述钉仓中位于所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器和所述至少一个第二缝合钉推动器之间。
53、根据权利要求52所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括两个推动器板。
54、根据权利要求52所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述至少一个第一缝合钉推动器包括一个推动器板。
55、一种缝合钉驱动组件包含:
钉仓;
设置在所述钉仓中的促动滑板;
多个缝合钉推动器,至少一个所述缝合钉推动器具有四个推动器板,所述推动器板包括两个远侧的推动器板、一个中间的推动器板和
一个近侧的推动器板,所述中间的推动器板在所述远侧的推动器板之间横向间隔且与所述远侧的推动器板轴向偏置。
56、根据权利要求55所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中至少两个所述推动器板具有不同的高度。
57、根据权利要求56所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述钉仓具有阶梯形的组织接触面。
58、根据权利要求55所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中至少一个所述缝合钉推动器具有三个推动器板。
59、根据权利要求58所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述三个推动器板包括远侧的推动器板、中间的推动器板和近侧的推动器板。
60、根据权利要求59所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述三个推动器板彼此横向和纵向偏置。
61、根据权利要求60所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中至少两个所述推动器板具有不同的高度。
62、根据权利要求55所述的缝合钉驱动组件,其中所述缝合钉推动器包括第一个三重的缝合钉推动器和第二个三重的缝合钉推动器,所述至少一个所述缝合钉推动器具有设置在所述钉仓的远侧部的四个推动器板。
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CN106028970B (zh) * 2013-12-23 2019-03-15 伊西康内外科有限责任公司 具有包括紧固件传递表面的击发构件的紧固件仓
CN104758022A (zh) * 2014-01-02 2015-07-08 上海创亿医疗器械技术有限公司 外科线形吻合器的钉仓组件内的推钉块
CN103829984A (zh) * 2014-03-07 2014-06-04 常州威克医疗器械有限公司 缝合钉推动块组件
CN104382626A (zh) * 2014-11-19 2015-03-04 北京中法派尔特医疗设备有限公司 一种用于吻合器的钉匣组件
CN108135609A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2018-06-08 伊西康有限责任公司 末端钉取向跨中心线的外科缝合器
CN107307897A (zh) * 2017-08-18 2017-11-03 芜湖商环科技有限公司 一种包皮切割缝合器及其u钉顶针
CN107307897B (zh) * 2017-08-18 2024-02-13 芜湖圣大医疗器械技术股份有限公司 一种包皮切割缝合器及其u钉顶针
WO2020151345A1 (zh) * 2019-01-24 2020-07-30 苏州英途康医疗科技有限公司 用于外科手术器械的钉仓及外科手术器械
CN111202554A (zh) * 2020-02-25 2020-05-29 江苏集萃微纳自动化系统与装备技术研究所有限公司 一种适配缝合钉的推钉板和制造方法

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