CN101490459A - 聚合物材料制成的一体化管道和接头组件及其制造方法 - Google Patents

聚合物材料制成的一体化管道和接头组件及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101490459A
CN101490459A CNA2007800257964A CN200780025796A CN101490459A CN 101490459 A CN101490459 A CN 101490459A CN A2007800257964 A CNA2007800257964 A CN A2007800257964A CN 200780025796 A CN200780025796 A CN 200780025796A CN 101490459 A CN101490459 A CN 101490459A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
flexible pipe
assembly
polymer material
joint
intensifier
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CNA2007800257964A
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English (en)
Inventor
R·梅扎利拉
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Fitt SpA
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Fitt SpA
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Publication of CN101490459A publication Critical patent/CN101490459A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C57/00—Shaping of tube ends, e.g. flanging, belling or closing; Apparatus therefor, e.g. collapsible mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12441—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12469—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B29C66/12821—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1286—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/135—Single hemmed joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being hemmed in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
    • F16L33/34—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses with bonding obtained by vulcanisation, gluing, melting, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92431—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being kept constant over time
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    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
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    • B29C66/93451—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed by controlling or regulating the rotational speed, i.e. the speed of revolution
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/0014—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for shaping tubes or blown tubular films
    • B29C67/0018—Turning tubes inside out
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

一种软管和接头组件，包括：第一热塑性聚合物材料制成的软管，所述软管具有端部(9)，端部(9)具有内表面(8)和外表面(15)；第二聚合物材料制成的接头(3)，用于与外部的使用位置相连接。接头(3)具有带轴向流体通道(6)的中央管状凸部(4)。中央管状凸部(4)具有外壁(7)以及限定流体通道(6)的内壁(5)，外壁(7)至少部分一体地耦接到软管(2)的端部(9)的内表面(8)。软管和接头组件包括位于软管(2)的端部(9)的外周处的、由第三聚合物材料制成的增强装置(11)，其用于抑制软管的径向变形，并且为组件提供了良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。一种制造这种组件的方法。

Description

聚合物材料制成的一体化管道和接头组件及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明应用于挠性软管的领域，具体地涉及一种聚合物材料制成的一体化软管和接头组件。
本发明进一步涉及一种制造这种软管和接头组件的方法。
背景技术
软管和接头组件是公知的(特别是在家庭器具、工业应用和园艺的领域中)，其包括热塑性聚合物材料制成的挠性软管以及同样由聚合物材料制成的接头，所述接头一体地结合到挠性软管上。接头被设计成用于连接到外部的使用位置，例如水龙头等，用于输送液体和各种流体。
相同申请人的欧洲专利EP-B1-1108937中公开了这些现有技术组件的示例。
这些现有技术解决方案的一个缺点在于它们不能为该组件提供足够的机械和/或液压密封能力。
就机械特征来说，内部压力和磨损能够在耦接处引起不同程度的径向膨胀和变形，直到“爆裂”，即其发生机械故障。
另外，就液压特征来说，可能会发生流体泄漏和滴漏，因而会引起溢流并且增加成本。
随着材料的老化和磨损，这些缺点变得更加严重。
发明内容
本发明的目的是要通过提供一种高效并且相对节省成本的软管和接头组件以克服上述缺点。
一个具体的目的是提供一种能够在软管和接头之间提供良好的机械和/或液压密封的组件。
本发明的进一步的目的是提供一种组件的制造方法，其使生产能力最大化并且使零散部件最少化。
如在后面将更好地描述的这些以及其它目的通过如权利要求1中所限定的软管和接头组件实现，所述组件包括：第一热塑性聚合物材料制成的软管，其具有端部，所述端部具有内表面和外表面；第二聚合物材料制成的接头，其用于与外部使用位置连接。所述接头具有中央管状凸部，所述中央管状凸部具有轴向流体通道。所述中央管状凸部具有限定所述流体通道的内壁，以及外壁，所述外壁至少部分一体地耦接到所述软管的所述端部的内表面。
根据本发明，所述组件包括位于所述软管的端部的外周处的由第三聚合物材料制成的增强装置。
由于这种特殊的构造，本发明的组件具有极好的机械和/或液压密封能力。
在软管的端部的外周处设置增强装置抑制了软管的径向变形，并且与现有技术的软管组件相比提供了改进的机械和/或液压密封能力。
本文所用术语“至少部分一体地耦接”及其派生词具有完全地或者部分地一体耦接的意思，这种一体的耦接包括所关心的表面和/或壁和/或面和/或部分的纵向延伸的全部或部分。
在另一方面中，本发明涉入一种用于制造这种软管和接头组件的方法，根据权利要求24，其包括如下步骤：提供第一热塑性聚合物材料制成的软管，其具有端部，所述端部具有内表面和外表面；提供第二聚合物材料制成的接头，用于连接到外部的使用位置，所述接头包括中央管状凸部，其具有轴向流体通道，所述中央管状凸部具有限定所述流体通道的内壁，以及外壁，所述外壁被设计成耦接到所述软管的所述端部的内表面；通过将所述管状凸部的所述外壁至少部分一体地耦接到所述端部的所述内表面而将所述接头紧固到所述软管；提供用第三聚合物材料制成的增强装置，其设计成设置在所述软管的所述端部的外周处；将所述增强装置设置在所述软管的所述端部的外周处，以抑制所述软管的径向变形，并且保证所述组件的整体性。
根据从属权利要求限定了本发明的组件和方法的有利构造。
附图说明
通过阅读根据本发明软管组件的优选的非排它性的实施方式的详细描述，本发明的进一步的特征和优点将变得更加明显。这些实施方式借助于附图作为非限制性的示例进行描述，图中：
图1和2是本发明的组件的第一实施方式的侧视图；
图3和4是本发明的组件的另一实施方式的侧视图；
图5、6、7和8是本发明的组件的另一实施方式的侧视图；
图9、10和11是本发明的组件的另一实施方式的侧视图；
图12是形成本发明组件一部分的软管的一实施方式的截面图；
图13是图12的软管的特定细节的侧视图；
图14是形成本发明组件一部分的软管的另一实施方式的侧视图；
图15是图14的软管沿XV-XV剖取的视图。
具体实施方式
参照上述各图，总体上用附图标记1所标识的本发明的软管/接头组件主要包括第一热塑聚合物材料制成的软管2，其一体地耦接到第二聚合物材料制成的接头3，所述接头3用于连接到未示出但其本身是公知的外部的使用位置。
接头3包括中央管状凸部4，凸部4具有限定轴向流体通道6的内壁5以及一体地耦接到管道2的端部9的内表面8的外壁7。
外壁7和内表面8之间的一体耦接可以借助于各种技术来实现，非限制性的示例如旋转摩擦焊接、射频焊接等。
软管和接头组件1可以包括第三聚合物材料制成的增强装置，该增强装置总体上用附图标记11标识，定位于软管2的端部9的外围处，用于抑制软管的径向变形并且给该组件提供良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。
第一聚合物材料和/或第二聚合物材料和/或第三聚合物材料可以选自包括如下材料的群组：均聚物或者共聚物类型的PVC、PU、EVA、PE、PP、PBT、PET、PA、PMMA、天然橡胶或合成橡胶或其组合。
有利地，软管2的第一聚合物材料可以与接头3的第二聚合物材料和/或增强装置11的第三聚合物材料相容。
本文所用的术语“相容材料”及其派生词是指两种能够一体地耦接同时保持它们的物理-化学结合特性不随时间变化的材料。
便利地，接头3的第二聚合物材料和/或增强装置11的第三聚合物材料的刚度大于软管2的第一聚合物材料的刚度，以允许例如(非限制性地)通过旋转摩擦焊接使相关表面的表面层的至少部分熔化来实现其间的耦接。
在本发明的优选非排它性的实施方式中，软管2的第一聚合物材料的属性可以与接头3的第二聚合物材料和/或增强装置11的第三聚合物材料相同，例如是PVC。
应当理解，增强装置可以位于软管2的端部9的外围处的任意位置处，并且在不脱离由所附的权利要求所限定的保护范围的情况下，可以以任意的方式设置。
有利地，增强装置11可以包括第三聚合物材料制成的环形构件12，该环形构件12具有外面13和内面14，内面14易于被耦接到软管2的端部9的外表面15。
环形构件12的第三聚合物材料的刚度可以比第一聚合物材料大，并且可以具有与接头3的第二聚合物材料相同的属性。
此外，第三聚合物材料可以有利地基本上与第二聚合物材料的刚度相同。
在本发明的优选非排它性的实施方式中，管状凸部4的长度和软管2的内直径D1之间的比值可以处于从约0.5到约8的范围内，优选近似2。环形构件12的长度LB和所述软管的内直径D1之间的比值处于从约1到约12的范围内，并且可优选为约4。
而且，环形构件12的长度LB和管状凸部4的长度LA之间的比值可以适当地处于从约1到约4的范围内，并且可优选为约2。
管状凸部4和/或环状构件12的这种尺寸设置为该组件提供了改进的机械和/或液压密封能力。
有利地，管状凸部4的外壁7可以向内具有锥度以易于与软管2的端部9的内表面8连接。另一方面，环形构件12的内面14可以向外具有锥度以易于与同一端部9的外表面15连接。
在第一实施方式中，如图1和2中所示，环形构件12可以与接头3一体地形成，即由单件制成。环形构件12可以与管状凸部4同轴并且与其径向隔开以限定具有底壁17和开口18的空间16——具体地示出在图1中——空间16被设计成容纳软管2的端部9。在这种情况下，第三聚合物材料显然与第二聚合物材料相同。
图2中示出了本实施方式的最终的工作构型，其中软管2的端部9的外表面15一体地耦接到环形构件12的内面14，而凸部4的外壁7一体地耦接到软管2的端部9的内表面8。此外，在此位置中，软管2的端部9例如在软管2的端部区域28处一体地耦接到空间16的底壁17。
应当理解，本文所用的术语“最终工作构型”及其派生词是指对象在其正常工作期间的构型。
在本发明的进一步的实施方式中，如图3和4中所示，环形构件12可以与接头3分开，并且在端部9处安装到软管2上。
图4示出了本实施方式的最终工作构型，其中软管2的端部9的外表面15一体地耦接到环形构件12的内面14，并且凸部4的外壁7一体地耦接到软管2的端部9的内表面8。此外，环形构件12通过径向凸部19与接头3相互作用，径向凸部19在工作状态下抵靠接头3的在中央管状凸部4的外围处的区域20。
此外，有利地，增强装置11还可以包括软管2的端部9的扩大区域21，该扩大区域21可以具有比软管2的厚度s2大的厚度s1。
图9、10和11以示例的非限制性的方式示出本发明的实施方式，其中，除了环形构件12之外，增强装置11还可以包括由软管2的端部9变大形成的扩大区域21。
在此实施方式中，环形构件和扩大区域21二者配合作用以抑制软管的径向变形并给该组件提供良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。
图11示出本实施方式的最终工作构型，其中，软管2的端部9的外表面一体地耦接到环形构件12的内面14，同时凸部4的外壁7一体地耦接到软管2的端部9的内表面8。此外，在此位置中，软管2的端部9通过其端部区域28可以一体地耦接到接头3的在管状凸部4的外周处的区域20。环形构件12的头部23可以进一步一体地耦接到区域20。
图5、6、7和8示出本发明的另一实施方式，其中，扩大区域21可以由两个相邻重叠的软管段22、22’限定。在此实施方式中，增强装置11可以包括：由重叠段22、22’形成的扩大区域21；以及软管2的端部9的外表面15的外周处的环形构件12。在此实施方式中，由重叠段22、22’形成的扩大区域21以及环形构件12两者配合作用以抑制软管的径向变形并且给组件提供良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。
应当理解，扩大区域21可以由两个或更多个重叠的软管段完全地或者部分地限定，并且，在不脱离如所附权利要求所限定的保护范围的情况下，这种重叠区域可以完全地或者部分地覆盖这些段。
图5示出用于形成扩大区域21的重叠过程的中间步骤，其中，软管2的端部9的段22’被沿着箭头F1、F1’的方向向外折叠到段22上。为此，可以例如在热水浴中加热端部9。
图8示出此实施方式的最终工作构型，其中，软管2的端部9的外表面15可以一体地耦接到环形构件12的内面14，同时凸部4的外壁7一体地耦接到软管2的端部9的内表面8。此外，在此位置中，软管2的端部9可以通过其端部区域28一体地耦接到接头3的在管状凸部4的外周处的区域20。环形构件12可以通过其端部23进一步一体地耦接到区域20。
便利地，增强装置11可以进一步包括纤维增强层24，该纤维增强层24位于软管2中且位于外部保护层25和设计成用以接触要输送的流体的内层26之间。增强层24可以由天然纤维或合成纤维制成，同时外层25和内层26可以由第一聚合物材料例如PVC制成。
有利地，纤维增强层24可以具有带单链或双链式针迹的编织的、螺旋缠绕的、针织的、带状的或网状的形式，并且可以根据由同一申请人的专利EP-B1-0623776或EP-B1-0960297的教示而形成。
而且，便利地，链网纤维层24可以具有大致平行的缝线的列27以及大致平行的缝线的行29，如图13中所示。
为了防止软管2的轴向扭结，缝线的列27和行29可以分别以预定的角度α、β相对于软管2的纵向轴线Y互相倾斜。优选地非限制性地，这些角度α、β可以大致相等。
在此实施方式中，纤维增强层24将在另外的增强装置11上提供协同的效果，以抑制软管2的径向变形并且给组件提供良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。具体地说，如图1至13中所示，特别是如图2和图4的最终工作构型中所示，不论环形构件12是否与接头3一体形成，纤维增强层24均能够与环形构件12配合作用，并且如图8和图11的最终工作构型中所示，纤维增强层24能够与扩大区域21配合作用。
在另一实施方式中，如图14和15中所示，根据本发明的组件的软管形成部分被公知为“编织”式的，即，具有重叠的两行纤维材料。两行30、30’沿相反的方向缠绕以形成网状，如图14中所示。
制造软管和接头组件1的方法将包括如下步骤。
第一步在于提供软管2、接头3和增强装置11。
本文所用术语“提供”及其派生词具有准备用于相关工艺步骤的相关部件的意思，因而包括设计用于这种相关步骤的最佳性能的任意预防性处理，所述处理例如但不局限于从存储地采集、形成部件或任何热和/或化学和/或物理预处理等。
一旦提供了接头3和软管2，则存在通过将管状凸部的外壁7一体地耦接到软管2的端部9的内表面8来将接头3和软管2互相固定的步骤，这可以例如通过旋转摩擦焊接来实现。
最后是将增强装置11设置在软管2的端部9的外周处的步骤，以抑制软管的径向变形并且保证组件的整体性。
应当理解，在不脱离由所附权利要求所限定的保护范围的情况下，上述步骤甚至可以不遵从上述顺序。通过非限制性的示例的方式，将接头3固定到软管2的步骤可以在提供增强装置11的步骤之前。
如果接头3通过旋转摩擦焊接固定到软管2，则相对旋转速度和施加在软管2的端部9和接头3上的压缩力可以被设定成允许接触区域在3至10秒内熔化，优选为在约5秒内熔化。
有利地，旋转速度可以是50至3000rpm并且优选为约1000rpm，同时部分9和接头3之间的压缩力可以大致不变并且处于从3N至300N的范围内，优选为约30N。
根据前面的描述，清楚地示出本发明的软管/接头组件满足了既定目标，具体地说是提供了使软管和接头之间呈现出良好的机械和/或液压密封能力的组件。
在软管2的端部9的外周处设置由聚合物材料制成的增强装置11抑制了软管的径向变形，并且给该组件提供了良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。
本发明的软管/接头组件具有多种均落入所附权利要求中所公开的发明性构思中的改型和变型。在不背离本发明的范围的情况下，所有的这些细节都可用其它技术上的等同物来替换，并且根据不同的需要可以改变材料。
虽然具体地参照附图来描述了软管/接头组件，但是在本公开和权利要求中所提到的附图标记仅用于更好地理解本发明，而无论如何都不应认为是意在限制所要求的保护范围。

Claims (25)

1.一种软管/接头组件，包括：
第一热塑性聚合物材料制成的软管(2)，其具有端部(9)，所述端部(9)具有内表面(8)和外表面(15)，
第二聚合物材料制成的接头(3)，所述接头用于与外部使用位置连接，并且所述接头(3)具有中央管状凸部(4)，所述中央管状凸部(4)具有轴向流体通道(6)，
其中，所述中央管状凸部(4)具有外壁(7)以及限定所述流体通道(6)的内壁(5)，所述外壁(7)至少部分一体地耦接到所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的所述内表面(8)，
其特征在于，所述软管/接头组件包括由第三聚合物材料制成的增强装置(11)，所述增强装置(11)位于所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的外周处，用于抑制所述软管的径向变形，并且给所述组件提供良好的机械和/或液压密封能力。
2.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述增强装置(11)包括环形构件(12)，所述环形构件(12)具有外面(13)和内面(14)，所述内面(14)被设计成耦接到所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的所述外表面(15)。
3.如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的所述外表面(15)至少部分一体地耦接到所述环形构件(12)的所述内面(14)。
4.如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述环形构件(12)与所述接头(3)是一体的。
5.如权利要求4所述的组件，其特征在于，与所述接头(3)一体的所述环形构件(12)与所述中央管状凸部(4)同轴，并且与所述中央管状凸部(4)径向地隔开以限定具有底壁(17)和开口(18)的空间(16)，所述空间(16)设计成用于容纳所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)。
6.如权利要求5所述的组件，其特征在于，所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)至少部分一体地耦接到所述空间(16)的所述底壁(17)。
7.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述增强装置(11)进一步包括所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的扩大区域(21)。
8.如权利要求7所述的组件，其特征在于，所述扩大区域(21)至少部分地由两个或更多个至少部分重叠的软管段(22，22’)所限定。
9.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述管状凸部(4)的所述外壁(7)向内具有锥度，以易于与所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的所述内表面(8)连接。
10.如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述环形构件(12)的所述内面(14)向外具有锥度，以易于与所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的所述外表面(15)连接。
11.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述第一聚合物材料与所述第二聚合物材料和/或所述第三聚合物材料相容。
12.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述第二聚合物材料和/或所述第三聚合物材料的刚度比所述第一聚合物材料的刚度大。
13.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述第一聚合物材料与所述第二聚合物材料和/或所述第三聚合物材料的属性相同。
14.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述第一聚合物材料和/或所述第二聚合物材料和/或所述第三聚合物材料选自包括如下材料的群组：PVC、PU、EVA、PE、PP、PBT、PET、PA、PMMA、天然橡胶或合成橡胶或它们的组合。
15.如权利要求14所述的组件，其特征在于，所述第一聚合物材料和/或所述第二聚合物材料和/或所述第三聚合物材料是均聚物或共聚物类型。
16.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述第三聚合物材料与所述第二聚合物材料相同。
17.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述管状凸部(4)的长度(LA)与所述软管(2)的内直径(D1)之间的比值处于从约0.5到约8的范围内，并且优选为近似为2。
18.如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述环形构件(12)的长度(LB)与所述软管(2)的内直径(D1)之间的比值处于约1至约12的范围内，并且优选为近似为4。
19.如权利要求2所述的组件，其特征在于，所述环形构件(12)的长度(LB)与所述管状凸部(4)的长度(LA)之间的比值处于约1至约4的范围内，并且优选为近似为2。
20.如权利要求1所述的组件，其特征在于，所述增强装置(11)还包括位于所述软管(2)中的、在所述至少一层外保护层(25)和设计成用以接触要输送的流体的至少一层内层(26)之间的纤维增强层(24)。
21.如权利要求20所述的组件，其特征在于，所述纤维增强层(24)具有编织的、螺旋缠绕的、针织的、带状的或具有单链或双链式针迹的网状的形式。
22.如权利要求21所述的组件，其特征在于，所述链网纤维层(24)具有大致平行的缝线的列(27)和/或大致平形的缝线的行(29)。
23.如权利要求22所述的组件，其特征在于，所述缝线的列(27)和所述缝线的行(29)相对于所述软管(2)的纵向轴线(Y)以相应的预定角度(α、β)互相倾斜。
24.一种制造如权利要求1所述的软管/接头组件的方法，其特征在于，其包括如下步骤：
提供第一热塑性聚合物材料制成的软管(2)，其具有端部(9)，所述端部(9)具有内表面(8)和外表面(15)；
提供第二聚合物材料制成的接头(3)，所述接头用于与外部的使用位置连接，并且所述接头具有带轴向流体通道(6)的中央管状凸部(4)；
其中，所述中央管状凸部(4)具有外壁(7)以及限定所述流体通道(6)的内壁(5)，所述外壁(7)将耦接到所述管道(2)的所述端部(9)的所述内表面(8)；
通过将所述管状凸部(4)的所述外壁(7)至少部分一体地耦接到所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的所述内表面(8)，将所述接头(3)固定到所述软管(2)；
提供将要设置在所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的外周处的、由第三聚合物材料制成的增强装置(11)；
将所述增强装置(11)设置在所述软管(2)的所述端部(9)的外周处，以抑制所述软管的径向变形，并且保证所述组件的整体性。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述一体地耦接的步骤通过旋转摩擦焊接来执行。
CNA2007800257964A 2006-07-07 2007-04-18 聚合物材料制成的一体化管道和接头组件及其制造方法 Pending CN101490459A (zh)

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