CN101479103A - 含有氧化铯钨的双层玻璃窗 - Google Patents
含有氧化铯钨的双层玻璃窗 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101479103A CN101479103A CNA2007800156889A CN200780015688A CN101479103A CN 101479103 A CN101479103 A CN 101479103A CN A2007800156889 A CNA2007800156889 A CN A2007800156889A CN 200780015688 A CN200780015688 A CN 200780015688A CN 101479103 A CN101479103 A CN 101479103A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- tungsten oxide
- cesium tungsten
- window panel
- double glazing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- VPXSRGLTQINCRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicesium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O VPXSRGLTQINCRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 151
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 Merlon Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013047 polymeric layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical group CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000036758 Postinfectious cerebellitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLZBUNUDESZERL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-heptyl 6-o-nonyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCC DLZBUNUDESZERL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanoic acid Natural products CCC(CC)C(O)=O OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQPXSEDURNZIDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbutanoic acid;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].CCC(CC)C(O)=O AQPXSEDURNZIDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanal group Chemical group C(C)C(C=O)CCCC LGYNIFWIKSEESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Hydroxyflavone Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJIUNQZHYLBUNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-heptoxy-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O BJIUNQZHYLBUNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXKCDRRSQHPBOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-o-cyclohexyl 1-o-hexyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 SXKCDRRSQHPBOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bumetrizole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(N2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=N2)=C1O OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOQFQCPEFAOSCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cesium;oxotungsten Chemical compound [Cs].[W]=O ZOQFQCPEFAOSCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- DEKLCUKUJWWCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid;2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol Chemical class CCCCCCC(O)=O.OCCOCCOCCOCCO DEKLCUKUJWWCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1-bromo-3-methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009824 pressure lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000326 ultraviolet stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001392 ultraviolet--visible--near infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
- B32B17/10449—Wavelength selective transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10614—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising particles for purposes other than dyeing
- B32B17/10633—Infrared radiation absorbing or reflecting agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10688—Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/206—Filters comprising particles embedded in a solid matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及包含作为红外线吸收剂的氧化铯钨的双层。可以将氧化铯钨掺入双层的一层或多层之中。本发明的掺入氧化铯钨的双层对于阻挡红外线辐射是有效的,并且出人意料地,氧化铯钨试剂随时间变化不会发生不可接受的降解。
Description
发明领域
本发明属于多层玻璃窗面板领域,且具体地,本发明属于具有单个硬质基板,例如玻璃或硬质塑料的多层玻璃窗面板的领域。
发明背景
安全玻璃为多层玻璃窗构造,其典型地使用设置于两层玻璃之间的聚合物夹层。常规地,通过在两层玻璃之间安装聚合物片来制造这种类型的安全玻璃,并通过施加热量和压力层压这三层以生产成品多层玻璃面板。得到的玻璃窗面板由于聚合物片强力地粘附于玻璃而可抗物体穿透,但却保持韧性和能量吸收性。
已经报道了该课题上的许多变化。例如,夹层可以为单个聚合物片,或者其可以包括多个聚合物片。除聚合物片之外,可以包括其它功能层作为夹层的一部分,包括例如改进最终产品的一个或多个特性的聚合物膜。
仅使用一个硬质基板,例如玻璃面或硬质塑料面的安全玻璃窗面板,在本领域中称为"双层"。为了提供最佳的光学透明度,典型地采用如上所述设置于硬质基板和相对坚硬的聚合物膜之间的夹层形成双层。聚合物膜提供必要的硬度以保持相对光滑的表面,其可以达到仅以聚合物片不可能达到的光学透明度。
通过将聚合物片层压在玻璃面板和薄的聚酯膜之间形成双层的一种类型。这样的构造适合于例如在其中完整的双面安全面板是不需要或不实用的应用。双层可用于例如车辆的侧窗中,其中双面玻璃安全面板的完整厚度一般是需要的。
双层经常用于其中需要减少或消除光的某些波长的透射的应用中。例如,经常需要减少红外线,且特别是近红外线穿过双层的辐射量。然而,常规的红外线吸收剂当用于双层时会有问题,因为双层的外层聚合物膜能使水分进入聚合物片中,这导致聚合物片中水分的增加,并潜在地导致设置于其中的任何红外线吸收剂由水分引起降解。
因此,进一步改进的含有红外线吸收剂的双层多层玻璃窗面板和制造这些面板的方法是本领域中需要的。
发明概述
本发明涉及包含氧化铯钨作为红外线吸收剂的双层。氧化铯钨可以掺入到双层的一个或多个层之中。本发明的掺入氧化铯钨的双层对于阻挡红外线辐射是有效的,并且出人意料地,氧化铯钨试剂随时间变化不会发生不可接受的降解。
附图简述
图1为本发明不同双层实施方案的横断面示意图。
图2为本发明不同双层实施方案的横断面示意图。
图3为本发明不同双层实施方案的横断面示意图。
详述
本发明涉及改进的玻璃窗双层。这里使用的"双层"为具有其间设置了聚合物叠层的硬质基板和聚合物膜的多层玻璃窗构造,其中聚合物叠层可以包括单个聚合物片或聚合物片和一个或多个附加的聚合物层。聚合物叠层等同于标准安全玻璃中的多层夹层,为此使单个聚合物片或单个聚合物片和一个或多个附加的聚合物层结合形成夹层。
本发明的双层掺入作为红外线吸收剂的氧化铯钨。可以将氧化铯钨分散在双层的任意一个或多个层之中或之上。在不同的实施方案中,将氧化铯钨分散于聚合物片、聚合物膜、玻璃层或硬质塑料基板、或这些层的一种以上之中或之上。在不同的实施方案中,将氧化铯钨分散于聚合物片层内部。可以通过任何本领域中已知的适当方法将氧化铯钨直接混入任何上述层之中或直接设置于其上,例如但不限于在单层的制造过程中加入或在制造以后浸渍、喷涂或其它局部处理。
本发明的氧化铯钨颜料包括任何已知的氧化铯钨颜料,且特别是在美国专利申请20060008640A1中公开的那些。在不同的实施方案中,使用具有摩尔比Cs0.33WO3的氧化铯钨。
在不同的实施方案中,在聚合物层形成以前将氧化铯钨颜料直接掺入聚合物本体之中。在这些实施方案中,可以将氧化铯钨颜料掺入聚合物从而提供氧化铯钨颜料的重量百分含量小于1.0%、0.8%、0.6%或0.4%,或0.01%到1.0%、0.05%到0.5%,或0.1%到0.3%的聚合物片或聚合物膜。在优选的实施方案中,将氧化铯钨颜料掺入聚合物片本体中。在不同的实施方案中,多于一种氧化铯钨颜料包含于单个或多个聚合物层中。
通常,会将氧化铯钨以足够达到所需红外线吸收效果的量掺入到聚合物层之中和/或设置于其上。如本领域技术人员将要意识到的,这一量将依赖于其它组分和颜料而变化。在不同的实施方案中,单个聚合物层将含有足够的氧化铯钨颜料以防止在800纳米至1,000纳米范围内至少40%、60%、80%、95%或99%的红外线辐射透射穿过该层。
通常如图1中10所示,在不同的实施方案中,双层包括硬质基板12和聚合物膜16,其间设置聚合物叠层14。对于如图1所示的实施方案,聚合物叠层由单个聚合物片18组成,但是,如上所述,多层聚合物叠层在本发明的双层的范围之内。
如下面将要更详细描述的,聚合物片18可以包含任何适当的聚合物,并且,在优选的实施方案中,聚合物片18包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。如下面同样将要详细描述的,聚合物膜16可以是任何适当的聚合物膜,并且,在优选的实施方案中,聚合物膜包含聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)。硬质基板12可以为玻璃、硬质塑料,或任何其它常用于玻璃窗面板的硬质基板。
图2显示其它实施方案,其中聚合物叠层包括多于一个的聚合物片。如图所示,第一聚合物片20和第二聚合物片22结合形成聚合物叠层,设置于硬质基板12和聚合物膜16之间。当然,其中三个或更多的聚合物片结合形成聚合物叠层的实施方案在本发明的范围之内。在聚合物叠层中具有多于一个聚合物片的实施方案中,如图2所示,聚合物片中的一个或多个可以包含氧化铯钨,如上所述。此外,聚合物叠层中的两个或更多的聚合物片可以在任何其它方面是相同或不同的。例如,在一些实施方案中使用两种不同类型的聚合物片,而在其它的实施方案中,使用具有相同聚合物内容物的聚合物片,但各聚合物片在其包含的其它试剂的类型和量方面不同。
图3表示另外的实施方案,其中聚合物叠层在两个聚合物片之外还包含功能性聚合物膜。如所示的,聚合物叠层14包含其间设置有第二聚合物膜24的第一聚合物片20和第二聚合物片22。在这些实施方案中,第二聚合物膜24可以与聚合物膜16相同或不同,并且,如以上对图2中所示的实施方案所述,两个聚合物片可以是相同或不同的。
那些如图2和3所示的实施方案提供了一种手段,可以通过其将不同的试剂和性能增强层包含在聚合物叠层之内以得到以单个聚合物片将是很难或不可能达到的结果。
本发明的范围中进一步包括在这里明确地显示和描述的聚合物叠层上的变化。例如,可以将另外的聚合物膜层和聚合物片层以许多排列方式加入到聚合物叠层中以生产在本发明范围之内的双层。
本发明范围之内进一步包括经过挤压涂装或共挤压方法生产的聚合物叠层。例如,在常规层压工序之外,可以通过共挤压两种聚合物以形成所示的两个片来形成图2中所示的聚合物叠层。
聚合物膜
这里使用的"聚合物膜"意指相对薄并且刚硬的聚合物层,其作为聚合物叠层内的性能增强层或作为双层中的外层,如图中的部件16所示。此处使用的聚合物膜与聚合物片的不同在于聚合物膜自身对多层玻璃窗结构不提供必要的抗冲击性和玻璃保持性,而是提供性能改进,例如红外线吸收特性。聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)最常用作聚合物膜。
本发明中使用的聚合物膜可以是任何合适的足够刚硬以提供相对平的、稳定的表面的膜,例如那些常在多层玻璃面板中用做性能增强层的聚合物膜。聚合物膜优选是光学透明的(即当某个观察者从另一边透过层看时可以通过眼睛轻松地看到层相邻一边的物体),并且不考虑其组成,通常具有比相邻聚合物片更高的,在一些实施方案中显著地更高的拉伸模量。在不同的实施方案中,聚合物膜包含热塑性材料。在具有合适性能的热塑性材料中为尼龙、聚氨酯、丙烯酸系、聚碳酸酯、聚烯烃例如聚丙烯、乙酸纤维素和三乙酸纤维素,氯乙烯聚合物和共聚物,等等。在不同的实施方案中,聚合物膜包含诸如具有已知性能的再拉伸热塑膜的材料,例如聚酯。在不同的实施方案中,聚合物膜包含聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)或由其组成,并且,在不同的实施方案中,聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)经双轴拉伸以增加强度和/或已经加热稳定以提供在经受高温时的低收缩特性(例如在150℃下30分钟后两个方向上小于2%的收缩)。
在不同的实施方案中,聚合物叠层内的聚合物膜可以具有0.012毫米至0.26毫米、0.025毫米至0.11毫米或0.04毫米至0.06毫米的厚度。在不同的实施方案中,用作外层聚合物膜(图中的部件16)的聚合物膜可以具有0.1毫米至0.26毫米、0.12毫米至0.22毫米或0.16毫米至0.20毫米的厚度。聚合物膜可任选地经功能特性层表面处理或涂覆以改进一项或多项性能,例如粘附性或红外线辐射反射。这些功能特性层包括例如当暴露于日光下时用以反射红外太阳辐射并透射可见光的多层叠层。该多层叠层为本领域已知(参见例如WO88/01230和美国专利4,799,745),并可包括例如一埃或更厚的金属层和一层或更多的(例如两层)连续设置的、光联动的介电层。同样已知的(参见例如美国专利4,017,661和4,786,783),金属层(多层)可能任选地经电阻加热以对任何相联玻璃层除霜或除雾。可用于本发明的对聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)膜和其它聚合物膜的不同涂覆和表面处理技术公开于已出版的欧洲申请No.0157030中。本发明的聚合物膜还可以包括如本领域已知的硬涂层和/或防雾层。
聚合物片
这里使用的“聚合物片”意指由任何合适的方法形成薄层的任何聚合物组合物,其适合单独或以多于一层的叠层用作对层压玻璃窗面板提供足够的抗穿透性和玻璃保持性的聚合物叠层。最常使用增塑聚乙烯醇缩丁醛来形成聚合物片。与聚合物膜结合的聚合物叠层是在双层中可用作复合聚合物组分的“聚合物层压板”。
聚合物片可以包含任何合适的聚合物,并且在优选的实施方案中,聚合物片包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。在这里给出的本发明的包含作为聚合物片的聚合物组分的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的任何实施方案中,包括其中聚合物组分由或基本上由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛组成的另一实施方案。在这些实施方案中,此处公开的任何添加剂的变化均可与含有由或基本上由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛组成的聚合物的聚合物片一起使用。
在一个实施方案中,聚合物片包含基于部分缩醛化的聚(乙烯醇)的聚合物。在另一实施方案中,聚合物片包含选自聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚氨酯、聚(氯乙烯)、聚(乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯)共聚物、部分中和乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸系共聚物、离聚物、其组合等等的聚合物。在另外的实施方案中聚合物片包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛和一种或多种其它聚合物。
还可以使用其它具有合适的玻璃化转变温度的聚合物。在本文任何部分中的优选范围、值和/或方法是特别针对聚乙烯醇缩丁醛给出的(例如而不局限于对增塑剂、组分百分比、厚度和特性增强添加剂),适用时,这些范围还适用于在此公开的可用作聚合物片中组分的其它聚合物和聚合物共混物。
对于包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的实施方案,可以通过已知的缩醛化方法制备聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,所述方法包括在酸催化剂存在下使聚(乙烯醇)与丁醛反应,然后中和催化剂、分离、稳定和干燥树脂。
在这里使用的"树脂"是指从由酸催化及随后中和聚合物前体得到的混合物中移出的聚合物(例如聚乙烯醇缩丁醛)组分。树脂将通常含有除了聚合物例如聚乙烯醇缩丁醛之外的其它组分,如乙酸盐、盐和醇。
用以制造聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂的适合方法的细节已为本领域技术人员所知(参见例如美国专利2,282,057和2,282,026)。在一个实施方案中,可以使用B.E.Wade著《高分子科学与技术百科全书(Encyclopedia of Polymer Science &Technology)》第三版(2003)第8卷第381-399页中的“乙烯基缩醛聚合物(VinylAcetal Polymers)”中描述的溶剂法。在另一实施方案中,可以使用其中描述的含水法。不同形式的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛可由市场获得,例如Solutia Inc.,St.Louis,Missouri的ButvarTM树脂。
在不同的实施方案中,聚合物片可包含以聚乙酸乙烯酯计算的低于15wt.%的剩余酯基,13wt.%、11wt.%、9wt.%、7wt.%、5wt.%或低于3wt.%的剩余酯基,其中余量为缩醛,优选丁醛缩醛,但任选地包括其它较少量的缩醛基团,例如2-乙基己醛基团(参见例如美国专利5,137,954)。
在不同的实施方案中,聚合物片包含具有大于30,000、40,000、50,000、55,000、60,000、65,000、70,000、120,000、250,000或350,000克每摩尔(g/mol或道尔顿)的分子量的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。还可以在缩醛化步骤中加入少量的二醛或三醛以增大分子量至大于350,000道尔顿(参见例如美国专利4,874,814;4,814,529;和4,654,179)。这里使用的术语“分子量”是指重均分子量。
在本发明的聚合物树脂中可以加入任何合适的增塑剂以形成聚合物片。本发明的聚合物片中使用的增塑剂尤其可以包括多元酸或多元醇的酯。合适的增塑剂包括例如三甘醇二(2-乙基丁酸酯)、三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)、二庚酸三甘醇酯、二庚酸四甘醇酯、己二酸二己酯、己二酸二辛酯、己二酸己基环己基酯,己二酸庚酯和己二酸壬酯的混合物、己二酸二异壬酯、己二酸庚基壬基酯、癸二酸二丁酯、聚合物增塑剂例如油改性癸二酸醇酸树脂、磷酸酯和例如于美国专利No.3,841,890和No.4,144,217公开的己二酸酯的混合物,以及前述的混合物和组合。其它可用的增塑剂为由C4至C9的烷基醇和C4至C10的环醇制造的混合己二酸酯,如公开于美国专利No.5,013,779中的,和C6至C8的己二酸酯,例如己二酸己酯。在优选的实施方案中,增塑剂为三甘醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)。
聚合物片可以包含20至60、25至60、20至80、10至70或5至100份(phr)的增塑剂。当然如果合适,其它的量也可应用于特殊的应用。在一些实施方案中,增塑剂具有少于20、少于15、少于12或少于10个碳原子的烃链段。
本发明的聚合物片中还可以包括粘附性控制剂(ACAs)以赋予所需的粘附性。可以使用美国专利5,728,472中公开的任何ACAs。另外,可以通过改变酸中和中使用的相应的氢氧化物的量来调节剩余的乙酸钠和/或乙酸钾。在不同的实施方案中,在乙酸钠和/或乙酸钾之外,本发明的聚合物片包含二(2-乙基丁酸)镁(化学文摘号79992-76-0)。可以包括对控制聚合物片对玻璃的粘附性有效量的镁盐。
可将添加剂掺入聚合物片中以增强在最终产品中的性能。这样的添加剂包括但不限于如本领域已知的增塑剂、染料、颜料、稳定剂(例如紫外线稳定剂)、抗氧化剂、阻燃剂、其它IR吸收剂、UV吸收剂、防结块剂、前述添加剂的组合等等。
除了氧化铯钨,可以将在可见或近红外光谱中选择性吸收光的其它试剂加入到任何合适的聚合物片或其它层中。可以使用的试剂包括染料和颜料例如氧化铟锡、氧化锑锡或六硼化镧(LaB6)。
一种形成聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层的示例性方法包括挤出含有树脂、增塑剂和添加剂(“熔体”)的熔融聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,随后迫使熔体通过片冲模(例如具有在一个方向上显著大于在垂直方向上的开口的冲模)。另一个形成聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层的示例性方法包括将熔体从冲模浇铸到辊子上,固化熔体,和随后成片移去固化的熔体。在任一实施方案中,可以通过调节冲模开口的表面或在辊子表面提供纹理来控制层的任一面或两面的表面纹理。控制层纹理的其它技术包括改变材料的参数(例如,树脂和/或增塑剂的含水量、熔融温度、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的分子量分布,或前述参数的组合)。另外,可以构造层使其包括间隔突出部(projections),该突出部在层压过程中限定暂时的表面不平度以促进层的脱气,其后层压过程提高的温度和压力促使突出部熔融入层中,从而得到光滑表面。
在不同的实施方案中,本发明的聚合物叠层可以具有0.1至3.0毫米、0.2至2.0毫米、0.25至1.75毫米和0.3至1.5毫米的总厚度,尽管其它厚度,包括更大的厚度,也在本发明的范围之内。多层聚合物叠层的各个聚合物片可以具有例如当加在一起时得到上面给出的总厚度范围的大约相等的厚度。当然,在其它实施方案中,层的厚度可以是不同的,且仍然可以相加至上面给出的总厚度。
可以通过任何合适的方法形成本发明的双层。在不同的实施方案中,通过堆叠且随后层压下列层来形成双=层:玻璃//聚合物片//聚合物膜//玻璃。可以通过任何本领域中适当的层压方法来进行该叠层的层压,包括已知的压热工序。层压之后,可以将与聚合物膜接触的玻璃面剥离聚合物膜,留下单独的其上设置有聚合物片的玻璃面,其中聚合物片上设置有聚合物膜。在这些方法中可以用本发明的任何多层聚合物叠层来代替聚合物层(即玻璃//聚合物叠层//聚合物膜//玻璃)。
本发明还包括制造本发明的任何双层的方法,包括使用真空非压热法。在本发明的不同实施方案中,使用美国专利5,536,347中描述的真空排气非压热法实施方案来制造本发明的双层。在不同的其它实施方案中,使用公开的美国申请US2003/0148114A1中描述的压料辊非压热法实施方案。
本发明还包括制造双层的方法,其包括在硬质基板和聚合物膜之间设置本发明的聚合物叠层,并层压该构造以形成双层。
本发明还包括包含本发明的任何双层的玻璃窗面板。
以下段落描述可以用以测定聚合物片的特性的不同技术。
可以通过测定雾度值来确定聚合物片的透明度,其是对与入射光对比的经样品散射的光的定量。可以根据以下技术测定百分比雾度。可以依据ASTM D1003-61(再次核准于1977)-程序A,采用光源C,在2度的观测角度下使用雾度值测定仪器,由Hunter Associates(Reston,VA)得到的雾度测量仪,D25型。在本发明不同的实施方案中,百分比雾度为小于5%、小于3%和小于1%。
可以使用UV-Vis-NIR分光光度计如帕金埃尔默公司(Perkin Elmer Corp.)制造的Lambda 900,通过国际标准ISO 10526-1999中描述的方法定量可见光透射率。
可以根据以下技术测定击打粘附力,且其中"击打"被在此提及以定量聚合物片对玻璃的粘附力,使用以下技术确定击打。以标准压热器层压条件制备双重玻璃层压板样品。将层压板冷却至大约-17.8℃(0℉)并以锤子手工锤击以打破玻璃。随后将没有粘附于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层上的所有碎玻璃除去,并通过视觉将留附于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层上的玻璃的量与一组标准对比。标准与其中不同程度的玻璃保持粘附于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层上的级别对应。具体而言,在击打标准为零时,没有玻璃留附于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层上。在击打标准为10时,100%的玻璃保持粘附在聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层上。本发明的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛层可以具有例如在3至10之间的击打值。
实施例1
形成了两个包含每百份树脂38份增塑剂、每百份树脂0.5份Tinuvin 326稳定剂(可由Specialty Chemicals获得的2-叔丁基-6-(5-氯-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-甲基-苯酚)和0.3重量%氧化铯钨的聚合物片。将这些片层压于两个玻璃面或玻璃面与聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)的层(双层)之间并在老化测试机中测试可见光透射率随时间的变化。不含有氧化铯钨的对照双层也经过测试。结果示于下表中:
层压板构造 | 计时起点 | 500小时 | 1000小时 | 2000小时 |
玻璃-玻璃层压板可见光透射百分比(0.3重量%的氧化铯钨) | 62.1 | 53.9 | 测试终止于500小时 | 测试终止于500小时 |
玻璃-聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)双层可见光透射百分比(0.3重量%的氧化铯钨) | 63.0 | 62.8 | 62.6 | 62.2 |
玻璃-聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)双层可见光透射百分比(0.0重量%的氧化铯钨) | 88.7 | 88.5 | 88.4 | 88.3 |
老化测试机为按以下设置操作的Xenon Arc Atlas Ci65型(Atlas MaterialTesting Technology LLC,芝加哥,伊利诺斯州):
参数 | 设置 |
辐照度 | 0.55W/m2 |
黑板温度 | 70℃ |
喷水 | 无 |
滤光器-内 | 石英 |
滤光器-外 | 硼硅酸盐(S型) |
结果显示随时间变化良好的双层稳定性。
凭借本发明,现在可以提供具有改善边缘稳定度特性的双层以用作玻璃窗面板,例如用于挡风玻璃和建筑上的窗户的层压玻璃面板。
虽然本发明已根据示例性实施方案进行了描述,但本领于技术人员将理解,不脱离本发明的范围可以做出各种变化并可以对其部件等效进行替代。另外,按照本发明的教导不脱离本发明的基本范围可以做出许多修改以适应特殊情况或材料。因此,本发明不拟局限于作为为实施本发明所考虑的最佳方式而公开的特定实施方案,而是本发明将包括所有落入所附权利要求的范围内的所有实施方案。
还应当理解,当适用时,本发明的任何单个组分给出的任何范围、值或特征可以与本发明的任何其它组分给出的范围、值或特征交换使用,以形成具有如本文通篇所给出的对各组分的限定的值的实施方案。例如,可以形成包含任何增塑剂含量以及不同的剩余羟基含量的聚合物片以形成许多变换,其均在本发明的范围之内,但将很难赘列。
摘要或任何权利要求之中给出的任何附图标记数字仅只基于举例说明的目的而不应被视为将请求保护的本发明限制于任意图中所示的某一特定实施方案。
除非另作说明,附图并非按比例绘制。
本文提到的任何参考文献,包括杂志文章、专利、申请和书籍,在此全文引入以供参考。
Claims (20)
1.双层玻璃窗面板,包括:
硬质基板;
聚合物膜;和,
设置于所述硬质基板和所述聚合物膜之间的聚合物叠层,其中所述聚合物叠层包括聚合物片并且其中所述面板包含氧化铯钨。
2.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述双层玻璃窗面板包含能有效避免在800纳米至1,000纳米范围内至少75%的红外辐射透射的量的氧化铯钨。
3.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述双层玻璃窗面板包含能有效避免在800纳米至1,000纳米范围内至少95%的红外辐射透射的量的氧化铯钨。
4.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物片包含0.05至0.5重量%的氧化铯钨。
5.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物片包含0.1至0.3重量%的氧化铯钨。
6.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述氧化铯钨为Cs0.33WO3。
7.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物片包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
8.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物叠层由所述聚合物片组成,所述聚合物片包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
9.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物膜包含聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯)。
10.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物叠层包括设置于所述聚合物片和第二聚合物片之间的第二聚合物膜。
11.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中将所述氧化铯钨设置于所述聚合物叠层中。
12.权利要求1的双层玻璃窗面板,其中将所述氧化铯钨设置于所述聚合物膜中。
13.权利要求12的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物膜包含0.05至0.5重量%的氧化铯钨。
14.权利要求12的双层玻璃窗面板,其中所述聚合物膜包含0.1至0.3重量%的氧化铯钨。
15.用于双层层压玻璃窗中的聚合物层压板,包括:
聚合物膜;和,
以与所述聚合物膜接触设置的聚合物叠层,其中所述聚合物叠层包括聚合物片并且其中所述聚合物层压板包含氧化铯钨。
16.权利要求15的聚合物层压板,其中所述聚合物片包含0.05至0.5重量%的氧化铯钨。
17.权利要求15的聚合物层压板,其中所述聚合物片包含0.1至0.3重量%的氧化铯钨。
18.权利要求15的聚合物层压板,其中所述聚合物片包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。
19.权利要求15的聚合物层压板,其中将所述氧化铯钨设置于所述聚合物膜中。
20.制造双层玻璃窗面板的方法,包括以下步骤:
提供硬质基板;
提供聚合物膜;
设置聚合物叠层与所述聚合物膜接触;
设置所述聚合物叠层与所述硬质基板接触;和,
层压所述硬质基板、所述聚合物叠层和所述聚合物膜,其中所述聚合物叠层包括聚合物片并且其中所述面板包含氧化铯钨。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/381,341 | 2006-05-02 | ||
US11/381,341 US20070256782A1 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2006-05-02 | Multiple Layer Glazing Bilayer Comprising Cesium Tungsten Oxide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101479103A true CN101479103A (zh) | 2009-07-08 |
Family
ID=38541949
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNA2007800156889A Pending CN101479103A (zh) | 2006-05-02 | 2007-04-07 | 含有氧化铯钨的双层玻璃窗 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20070256782A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2021177A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5604675B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101479103A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007130773A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102277023A (zh) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-12-14 | 大连工业大学 | 一种玻璃透明隔热涂料及其制备方法 |
CN106661293A (zh) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-05-10 | 住友金属矿山股份有限公司 | 热射线遮蔽膜、热射线遮蔽用夹层透明基材、汽车、建造物 |
CN109311298A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-02-05 | 沙特基础工业全球技术有限公司 | 多层结构及其形成方法 |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8216683B2 (en) | 2007-08-03 | 2012-07-10 | Solutia Inc. | Interlayers comprising stabilized tungsten oxide agents |
TWI454382B (zh) * | 2008-05-26 | 2014-10-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 透明隔熱多層結構 |
US20100068532A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-03-18 | William Keith Fisher | Interlayer with nonuniform solar absorber |
US20100102700A1 (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-04-29 | Abhishek Jaiswal | Flame spray pyrolysis with versatile precursors for metal oxide nanoparticle synthesis and applications of submicron inorganic oxide compositions for transparent electrodes |
JP5558479B2 (ja) | 2008-10-28 | 2014-07-23 | オプトドット コーポレイション | 結晶性赤外線反射フィルム |
JP5781735B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-02 | 2015-09-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 熱線遮蔽複層ガラス |
CN103261113B (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2016-10-19 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 夹层玻璃用中间膜及夹层玻璃 |
EP2674405B1 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2018-01-10 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
JP5344261B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-14 | 2013-11-20 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 熱線遮蔽膜とその製造方法、および熱線遮蔽合わせ透明基材 |
WO2013118890A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
JP2014024537A (ja) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-02-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | ナンバープレート用シート、ナンバープレート用積層体、ナンバープレートおよびナンバープレート用装飾部材 |
US20150064475A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | Chung How Paint Factory Co., Ltd. | Safety agglutination glass structure |
CN107709467A (zh) | 2015-06-30 | 2018-02-16 | 住友金属矿山股份有限公司 | 热射线遮蔽膜、热射线遮蔽夹层透明基材、汽车、建造物、分散体、混合组成物、及分散体的制造方法、分散液、分散液的制造方法 |
CN108624119A (zh) | 2017-03-24 | 2018-10-09 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | 墨水、印刷装置、印刷方法以及造形物的制造方法 |
JP6835030B2 (ja) | 2018-04-27 | 2021-02-24 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 熱膨張性シート、熱膨張性シートの製造方法及び造形物の製造方法 |
EP3860958A4 (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2022-08-10 | Central Glass Company, Limited | ANTI-GLARE SWITCHABLE GLASS CONSTRUCTION |
EP3766483A1 (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-20 | BioPharma Synergies, S. L. | Orodispersible powder composition comprising a triptan |
CN110534620A (zh) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-03 | 保定嘉盛光电科技股份有限公司 | 一种节能型光伏组件制作工艺 |
Family Cites Families (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4017661A (en) | 1974-08-09 | 1977-04-12 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrically conductive transparent laminated window |
US4027069A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1977-05-31 | Monsanto Company | Laminated safety glass prepared from buffered acetal |
CA1215627A (en) | 1984-04-06 | 1986-12-23 | Charles T. Kwiatkowski | Polyvinyl butyral laminates |
US4704174A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-11-03 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method for manufacturing a laminated window |
US4799745A (en) | 1986-06-30 | 1989-01-24 | Southwall Technologies, Inc. | Heat reflecting composite films and glazing products containing the same |
EP0252207B1 (en) * | 1986-07-10 | 1992-12-09 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Process for the production of a glazing product |
BR8707429A (pt) | 1986-08-20 | 1988-11-01 | Libbey Owens Ford Co | Montagem de vidro para controle de transmissao solar e processo de producao da mesma |
US4786783A (en) | 1987-08-11 | 1988-11-22 | Monsanto Company | Electrically heatable laminated window |
US5225273A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1993-07-06 | Teijin Limited | Transparent electroconductive laminate |
US5145744A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-09-08 | Monsanto Company | Bilayer glazing panel |
CA2106262C (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 2003-11-18 | Ralph H. Bland | Tear resistant multilayer films and articles incorporating such films |
US5792560A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1998-08-11 | Norton Performance Plastics Corporation | Thermoplastic interlayer film |
JP3835769B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-19 | 2006-10-18 | リンテック株式会社 | ウインドフィルム |
JP4359356B2 (ja) * | 1999-01-22 | 2009-11-04 | リンテック株式会社 | 防汚性赤外線遮蔽フィルム及びその製造方法 |
AU780389B2 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2005-03-17 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Polyester resin and its production process |
EP1188551B1 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2006-08-09 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Laminated glass |
CN1271111C (zh) * | 2001-01-25 | 2006-08-23 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 聚酯树脂及由它制成的成形品,以及聚酯树脂的制造方法 |
CA2489874A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-24 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Plane-parallel structures of silicon/silicon oxide |
JP2004026547A (ja) * | 2002-06-24 | 2004-01-29 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 断熱合わせガラス |
KR100630321B1 (ko) * | 2003-07-18 | 2006-09-29 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 적층체 및 그 용도 |
AU2004282041B2 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2010-09-30 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Infrared shielding material microparticle dispersion, infrared shield, process for producing infrared shielding material microparticle, and infrared shielding material microparticle |
GB0400813D0 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2004-02-18 | Sherwood Technology Ltd | Laser imaging |
WO2005087680A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 |
DE102004042260B4 (de) * | 2004-09-01 | 2010-08-05 | SMR Patents S.à.r.l. | Außenrückblickspiegel für Fahrzeuge, vorzugsweise für Kraftfahrzeuge |
US20060216485A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2006-09-28 | Solutia, Inc. | Polymer interlayers comprising skin layers |
US7399571B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2008-07-15 | General Electric Company | Multilayered articles and method of manufacture thereof |
JP2007076186A (ja) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-29 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 日射遮蔽用合わせ構造体 |
US7491761B2 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2009-02-17 | Solutia Incorporated | Poly(vinyl butyral) pellets |
JP2008044609A (ja) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-02-28 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 車窓用日射遮蔽体及び車両用窓 |
US20100068532A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-03-18 | William Keith Fisher | Interlayer with nonuniform solar absorber |
-
2006
- 2006-05-02 US US11/381,341 patent/US20070256782A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-04-07 WO PCT/US2007/066198 patent/WO2007130773A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-04-07 CN CNA2007800156889A patent/CN101479103A/zh active Pending
- 2007-04-07 EP EP20070760295 patent/EP2021177A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-04-07 JP JP2009509912A patent/JP5604675B2/ja active Active
-
2013
- 2013-10-18 US US14/057,625 patent/US20140044978A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102277023A (zh) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-12-14 | 大连工业大学 | 一种玻璃透明隔热涂料及其制备方法 |
CN106661293A (zh) * | 2014-08-06 | 2017-05-10 | 住友金属矿山股份有限公司 | 热射线遮蔽膜、热射线遮蔽用夹层透明基材、汽车、建造物 |
CN106661293B (zh) * | 2014-08-06 | 2019-05-10 | 住友金属矿山股份有限公司 | 热射线遮蔽膜、热射线遮蔽用夹层透明基材、汽车、建造物 |
CN109311298A (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-02-05 | 沙特基础工业全球技术有限公司 | 多层结构及其形成方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2021177A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
JP5604675B2 (ja) | 2014-10-15 |
WO2007130773A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
US20140044978A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
US20070256782A1 (en) | 2007-11-08 |
JP2009535248A (ja) | 2009-10-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN101479103A (zh) | 含有氧化铯钨的双层玻璃窗 | |
CN101137501B (zh) | 减低声音的聚合物中间层 | |
CN101142081B (zh) | 减低声音的楔形聚合物中间层 | |
TWI417189B (zh) | 包含穩定化氧化鎢劑之夾層 | |
CN101119843B (zh) | 轻度变形中间层 | |
US20140210128A1 (en) | Polymer interlayers comprising skin layers | |
EP1809474B1 (en) | Fire resistant polymer sheets | |
US7892647B2 (en) | Interlayers comprising stabilized infrared absorbing agents | |
TW200906620A (en) | High impact polymer interlayers | |
CN101360776A (zh) | 包括乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的聚合物夹层 | |
JP6698427B2 (ja) | 接着性が低減され、かつ可塑剤含分が低い中間フィルム層を用いて作製された、耐貫通性合わせガラス | |
US10259203B2 (en) | Multiple layer interlayers having enhanced properties | |
US20070071983A1 (en) | Multiple layer glazing bilayer | |
WO2024040085A1 (en) | Laminated glazing having improved sensor compatibility | |
CN101476430A (zh) | 具有多个聚合物层的窗 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20090708 |