CN101477783B - 有机发光二极管显示器、信息装置及显示影像的方法 - Google Patents

有机发光二极管显示器、信息装置及显示影像的方法 Download PDF

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CN101477783B
CN101477783B CN200810190849.4A CN200810190849A CN101477783B CN 101477783 B CN101477783 B CN 101477783B CN 200810190849 A CN200810190849 A CN 200810190849A CN 101477783 B CN101477783 B CN 101477783B
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王硕晟
彭杜仁
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Chi Mei Optoelectronics Corp
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
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    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
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Abstract

本发明提供了有机发光二极管显示器、信息装置、及在有机发光二极管显示器中显示影像的方法，该有机发光二极管显示器包含显示面板、内存和处理电路。显示面板包含多个次像素。内存存储一补偿表。处理电路包含电流传感器和处理器。电流传感器感测多个次像素中的至少一个次像素的电流，而补偿表根据电流传感器所感测到的电流加以更新。处理器接收影像数据而根据影像数据以及更新的补偿表产生补偿影像数据。接着显示面板显示补偿影像数据。

Description

有机发光二极管显示器、信息装置及显示影像的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种有机发光二极管显示器、一种含有有机发光二极管显示器的信息装置、以及一种在有机发光二极管显示器中显示影像的方法。 
背景技术
有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器不需要背光，因此体积可以薄化，且没有视角的限制。因此OLED显示器可望逐渐取代传统的阴极射线管(CRT)显示器以及液晶显示器(LCD)。 
使用OLED单元的问题之一在于影像显示不均(Mura缺陷)，通常是由于有机发光单元的亮度不一致而产生。有机发光单元的亮度主要由工艺决定，且会随着使用时间而降低。有机发光单元的亮度降低的速度主要由有机发光单元的特性、工艺条件、有机发光单元的驱动方式、以及其它条件决定。 
Mura缺陷在全彩的OLED显示器中会更严重。因为不同颜色的OLED单元其亮度降低的速度也不同。不同色彩的OLED单元间亮度的差异会随着时间更为显著。 
除了Mura缺陷外，OLED显示器(特别是EL发光材料)会老化(aging)使其发光效率降低，进而缩短其使用寿命。OLED显示 器的老化与通过OLED发光单元的累积电流相关，进而导致表现效果降低，而OLED发光材料的老化也导致OLED发光单元的电阻增加，使得在一固定电压下通过OLED发光单元的电流减少，并进一步降低在一固定电压下OLED发光单元的亮度。除了OLED的电阻会随着使用时间而改变之外，发光材料的发光效率也会跟着递减。不同发光材料其发光效率递减的速度也不同，造成差异性的颜色老化以及白点偏移。另外，每个单独像素老化的速度也不同，造成显示影像的不均匀，或是称为影像烧灼(image sticking or imageburning)。 
一般来说，Mura缺陷以及OLED老化的问题是分开处理的，使得电路设计复杂，也造成制造成本的增加。因此，有必要提供一种新的有机发光二极管显示器和一种在有机发光二极管显示器中显示影像的方法，其中对于Mura缺陷或是材料老化所造成的不均匀状况能够加以补偿。 
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的缺陷，本发明其中一方面提供了一种有机发光二极管显示器，其包含显示面板、内存和处理电路。显示面板包含多个次像素。内存存储一补偿表。处理电路包含电流传感器和处理器。电流传感器感测多个次像素中的至少一个次像素的电流，而补偿表根据电流传感器所感测到的电流加以更新。处理器接收影像数据而根据影像数据以及更新的补偿表产生补偿影像数据。接着显示面板显示补偿影像数据。 
结合以下优选实施例的描述和附图说明，本发明的目的、实施例、特征、和优点将更为清楚。 
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例中具有OLED显示器的信息装置的方块图； 
图2示出了本发明实施例中红、绿、蓝次像素的感测电流与补偿参数的关系； 
图3示出了本发明实施例中电流传感器在多个次像素的阴极处的感测电流总和； 
图4为本发明一实施例的显示影像方法的流程图；以及 
图5为本发明另一实施例的显示影像方法的流程图。 
具体实施方式
本发明可应用在顶部发光OLED显示装置(从基板上方的封盖发光)以及底部发光OLED显示装置(从基板下方发光)。另外，本发明可应用在，但不限于，顶部发光和底部发光的OLED主动阵列装置。 
图1示出了本发明一实施例中具有OLED显示器10的信息装置1。在此实施例中，OLED显示器10为一彩色影像显示器并整合至信息装置1中。本领域技术人员应知道，信息装置1可包含，但不限于，例如手机、数字相机、个人数字助理、笔记型计算机、桌上型计算机、电视、全球定位系统、车用显示器、航空用显示器、数字相框或可携式DVD放影机等等。 
如图1所示，OLED显示器10包含显示面板101、内存103、和处理电路110。显示面板101包含多个不同颜色(例如红、绿、 蓝)的次像素102，而每个次像素102分别由处理电路110控制，以呈现彩色影像(其细节将描述于后)。次像素102的数目将随着信息装置1的需求而定，且本发明并不欲加以限制。值得一提的是，次像素102可由发出不同色彩光的发光材料构成，或是全由发出白光的发光材料构成，每一单独次像素再搭配滤光片以产生不同颜色的光。 
内存103，可实施为闪存、SRAM或是DRAM，供存储和维持一补偿表105。起初，补偿表105根据每个次像素102的特性以及全部次像素102的平均亮度而建立。为了决定每个次像素102的特性，可将预定测试信号提供给每个次像素102，而测量每个次像素的亮度或是电流，由此可决定每个次像素102的特性。举例来说，每个次像素的电特性可通过与每个次像素连接的薄膜晶体管(未示出)测量，或者每个次像素的光学特性可通过提供给每个次像素102的光传感器(未示出)测量。由于工艺变动和其它本领域技术人员可知的变量，每个次像素102可能没有均匀一致的特性，而造成发光表现上的差异。而通过使每个次像素特性与所有次像素102的平均亮度相对应(mapping)，可估计每个次像素102的补偿参数，并可根据每个次像素102的补偿参数建立补偿表105，而写入并存储至内存103中。之后当信息装置1欲显示影像，处理电路110将会参考补偿表105，并以不同的电压来驱动每个次像素102，以正确地显示影像，并消除Mura缺陷。此外，本领域技术人员应能够了解其它建立补偿表105的方式，也在本发明所欲涵盖的范围内。 
处理电路110可实施为一特定用途集成电路(ASIC，Application-specific integrated circuit)，并可包含电流传感器112和处理器114于其中。图1所示的处理电路110仅是实例，而电流传感器112和处理器114能够以不同于图1所示的方式实施，例如电流传感器112和处理器114可分别实施在单独的电路上。每次当电 流传感器112激活时，电流传感器112感测多个次像素中的至少一个次像素在一特定电压下的电流。电流传感器112还包含模拟/数字转换器113，以产生代表所感测电流的值。接着以此感测电流值，参考一对应此次像素老化现象的预定关系，以决定此次像素的补偿参数，并取代先前存储在补偿表105中的补偿参数。随后当信息装置1欲显示影像时，处理电路110从信号源(图未示)接收原始(Raw)影像数据以及参考更新后的补偿表，由此以一调整后的电压来驱动此次像素，而正确地显示影像，而OLED的老化现象将不会被使用者所察觉。相较于现有技术，信息装置1显然具有强大的优点，因为信息装置1利用了补偿表105，而同时对Mura缺陷和OLED老化现象进行补偿。在此实施例中，为了对工艺相关的Mura缺陷和OLED老化现象进行补偿，每个次像素的初始补偿参数显得重要，且在随后的补偿表更新中都应该被参考，否则发光材料的老化现象也许可以被补偿，但Mura缺陷却未必，换言之，面板的Mura补偿是根据最初始的补偿参数，后续根据每个次像素的老化程度，以原始参数值为基础加以调变，就能兼顾老化现象的补正，同时不显露出原始的Mura缺陷。 
图2的曲线即为前述的预定关系的实例，其中当因为OLED次像素102的电阻增高而使得所感测的电流变小时，则需要更大的补偿参数以正确地显示影像数据。这些预定关系(图2中的曲线)可与次像素的颜色相关，因为OLED的老化现象可随着所显示的颜色而有所不同。换言之，如图2所示，红、绿、蓝(RGB)的次像素适用于不同的曲线。此外，此预定关系也可能与此OLED装置的操作温度、所使用的发光材料、以及使用频率相关。因此，根据此预定关系，处理器114能够一直参考适合的曲线，判断补偿强度，而更新补偿表。此外，此预定关系可被存储在内存103或是实施在电流传感器112或是处理电路110，本发明并不欲加以限制。 
在另一实施例中，每次当电流传感器112被激活时，电流传感器112对显示面板101上所有单独的次像素102进行感测，接着根据与前述程序相似的程序以及前述预定关系，调整补偿表105中每个次像素的补偿参数。换言之，此补偿表的更新是针对所有的次像素，但可能需要较长的时间才能完成。如图3所示，在另一较有效的实施例中，电流传感器112对一组次像素进行感测，并在次像素102的阴极处感测其电流总和，而不是感测每个单独次像素的电流。因此，电流传感器112的模拟/数字转换器113将产生代表此电流总和的值。接着根据此电流总和值以及另外的预定关系，在补偿表105中此组次像素的补偿参数将一同被调整。此种更新作法一次是针对一组次像素，而不是一次只针对一个次像素，因此所花费的时间较少。此外，因为一组次像素的电流总和远大于背景的漏电流(leakagecurrent)，因此所得到的信号噪声比(S/N ratio)将优于单一次像素的电流。而图3所示的此组次像素的可只包含单色(红、绿、或蓝)的次像素，但在其它实施例中，一组次像素中可包含红、绿、蓝次像素的任意组合。 
在又一实施例中，电流传感器112只感测显示面板101上特定位置的次像素的电流(或其电流总和)，而只有这些次像素的补偿参数会被更新，其它次像素的补偿参数则保持不变。此特定位置的选择可以是次像素发光最频繁的位置，例如在信息装置1的显示屏幕上呈现现在日期和时间信息的固定位置。 
而为了避免干扰面板10的正常运作，电流传感器可只在信息装置1的“待机”模式或是“屏幕保护”模式下，或是信息装置1进行充电时，才激活发挥作用。在另一实施例中，电流传感器112可根据使用者自行设定的条件而激活。举例来说，可通过信息装置1上的特定按键(图未示)输入指令，以激活电流传感器112去侦测一个或多个次像素102的电流，进而更新补偿表105。选择性地， 使用者通过信息装置1的使用接口(例如一选单，图1未示)，选择面板101上一区域，由此电流传感器112感测在此区域中次像素的电流，并在补偿表105中更新这些次像素的补偿参数。 
根据上述的信息装置1和OLED显示器10，本发明还提供了一显示影像的方法，如图4流程图所示的实施例。步骤401在内存103中建立包含显示面板101上每个次像素102补偿参数的补偿表。举例来说，如同图1所示的补偿表105，而步骤401中的补偿表根据每个次像素102的特性而建立。接着在步骤403中，使用者设定执行下列步骤405和407的条件。举例来说，使用者可设定当每次信息装置1进行充电时就执行步骤405和407。 
步骤405利用电流传感器112感测显示面板101上至少一个次像素102的电流，或是在另一实施例中，感测显示面板101上每一次像素102的电流，或是在又一实施例中，感测显示面板101上一组次像素102的电流总和。在步骤407中，根据步骤405中所感测到的电流以及图2中的“电流-补偿参数”曲线，对内存103中的补偿表进行更新。在步骤409中，当要显示影像时，处理器114会从数据源(图未示)接收原始影像数据。接着在步骤411中处理器114根据影像数据以及更新后的补偿表，产生补偿后的影像数据。在步骤413中，则利用显示面板101以调整后的电压驱动次像素102显示补偿后的影像数据。 
图5则示出了根据本发明另一实施例的方法流程图。步骤501，如同前述步骤401，在内存103中建立包含补偿参数的补偿表。接着在步骤503中，使用者决定显示面板101上一区域，进而选取位于此区域中的一组次像素，以执行后续步骤505和507。举例来说，使用者可决定次像素发光最频繁的区域，也就是次像素的补偿参数最需要被经常更新的区域。 
步骤505利用电流传感器112感测步骤503中所选区域中每个次像素102的电流，或是在另一实施例中，感测所选区域中所有次像素102的电流总和。在步骤507中，根据步骤505中所感测到的电流以及图2中的“电流-补偿参数”曲线，对内存103中的补偿表进行更新。在步骤509中，当要显示影像时，处理器114会从数据源(图未示)接收原始影像数据。接着在步骤511中处理器114根据影像数据以及更新后的补偿表，产生补偿后的影像数据。在步骤513中，则利用显示面板101以调整后的电压驱动次像素102显示补偿后的影像数据。 
借着以上设置，本发明提供了一种新的OLED显示器，含有此OLED显示器的信息装置，及一种在OLED显示器中显示影像的方法，其中对于Mura缺陷或是材料老化所造成的不均匀状况能够加以补偿。同时也能针对显示器中一特定区域的不均匀状况进行补偿。此外，本发明可根据使用者的设定补偿前述的不均匀状况，特别是在OLED显示器或是信息装置出厂后而送达消费者之后。 
但以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并非用以限定本发明的权利要求范围；凡其它在未背离本发明所揭示的精神下所完成的等效改变或修改，均应包含在下述的权利要求范围内。 
主要组件标号说明 
信息装置1              OLED显示器10 
显示面板101            次像素102 
内存103                补偿表105 
处理电路110            电流传感器112 
模拟/数字转换器113     处理器114 

Claims (9)

1.一种有机发光二极管显示器，包含：
一显示面板，包含显示影像的多个次像素；
一内存，存储一补偿表；以及
一处理电路，包含：
一电流传感器，感测所述多个次像素中的至少一个次像素的电流，其中所述补偿表根据所述电流传感器所感测到的电流加以更新；以及
一处理器，根据影像数据和更新的补偿表产生补偿影像数据；
其中，所述显示面板显示所述补偿影像数据，所述补偿表预先根据每个次像素的特性和全部次像素的平均亮度而建立。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示器，其中所述补偿表根据所感测的电流以及一预定关系加以更新，而所述预定关系与所述次像素的颜色、所述次像素的操作温度、发光材料和/或使用频率相关。
3.一种信息装置，包含：
一种有机发光二极管显示器，包含：
一显示面板，包含显示影像的多个次像素；
一内存，存储一补偿表；以及
一处理电路，包含：
一电流传感器，感测所述多个次像素中至少一次像素的电流，其中所述补偿表根据所述电流传感器所感测到的电流加以更新；以及
一处理器，根据影像数据和更新的所述补偿表产生补偿影像数据；
其中，所述显示面板显示所述补偿影像数据，所述补偿表预先根据每个次像素的特性和全部次像素的平均亮度而建立。
4.根据权利要求3所述的信息装置，其中所述信息装置为一手机、一数字相机、一个人数字助理、一笔记型计算机、一桌上型计算机、一电视、一全球定位系统、一车用显示器、一航空用显示器、一数字相框或一可携式DVD放影机。
5.一种在有机发光二极管显示器中显示影像的方法，其中所述有机发光二极管显示器包含具有显示影像的多个次像素的一显示面板、一内存、一电流传感器和一处理器，所述方法包含：
(a)在所述内存中建立一补偿表；
(b)由所述电流传感器感测所述多个次像素中的至少一个次像素的电流；
(c)根据所述电流传感器所感测到的电流更新所述补偿表；
(d)由所述处理器接收影像数据；
(e)由所述处理器根据所述影像数据和更新的所述补偿表产生补偿影像数据；以及
(f)由所述显示面板显示所述补偿影像数据，
其中，所述补偿表预先根据每个次像素的特性和全部次像素的平均亮度而建立。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中步骤(c)包含根据所感测的电流以及一预定关系更新所述补偿表，而所述预定关系与所述次像素的颜色相关。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中步骤(b)包含在所述多个次像素的阴极感测所述多个次像素的电流总和，而步骤(c)包含根据所述电流总和更新所述补偿表。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法，还包含：选取所述多个次像素以对应所述显示面板上一预定区域。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中步骤(c)包含：根据所感测的电流总和以及一预定关系更新所述补偿表，而所述预定关系与所述预定区域相关。
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