CN101476252A - 以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法 - Google Patents

以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法 Download PDF

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CN101476252A
CN101476252A CNA2009100140383A CN200910014038A CN101476252A CN 101476252 A CN101476252 A CN 101476252A CN A2009100140383 A CNA2009100140383 A CN A2009100140383A CN 200910014038 A CN200910014038 A CN 200910014038A CN 101476252 A CN101476252 A CN 101476252A
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composite fertilizer
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cotton seed
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CN101476252B (zh
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任宪君
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Jiahe Biotech Co ltd
Shandong Jiahe biological Limited by Share Ltd.
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Abstract

一种以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法,采用以下步骤实现:将木质素溶脱剂、水按1-5∶1000加入容器中,然后加入液体总量10-20的棉籽壳,加热至70-90℃进行蒸煮6-10小时,分离出粗纤维,经漂洗精制、烘干后制得纤维成品,漂洗后的溶液送入浸泡容器中进行再次利用;对一次煮池的溶液酸化,压滤析出固形物,即得木质素;提取木质素后的溶液,经调pH值至中性,浓缩后,喷干造粒制得复合肥。本发明除可提取纤维素外,还可联产木质素、复合肥,改变了国内现有技术只能单一生产一种产品、水资源浪费和严重污染环境的弊端。

Description

以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法。
背景技术:
我国棉花的副产品棉籽壳年产量达41.2亿公斤。现已有的棉籽壳加工利用技术有:用棉籽壳制造牛羊的粗饲料;棉籽壳生物法制备低聚木糖;以棉籽壳为原料作为食用菌类栽培材料;棉籽壳为原料制成混凝土减水剂等,这些技术都是提取、利用部分原料成分,都没有实现原料的最大价值,普遍存在原料利用率低、产品单一、加工增值少、加工过程“三废”严重、企业直接效益和社会效益较差、农民直接收益小等问题。在自然界中,木质素的储量仅次于纤维素,而且每年都以500亿吨的速度再生。但迄今为止,超过95%的木质素仍以“黑液”直接排入江河或浓缩后烧掉,很少得到有效利用。传统工艺常采用化学法,用氢氧化钠和硫化钠混合液等为蒸煮剂,蒸煮后的废液未经合理利用直接外排,内含有大量氯、硫、钠等,造成严重的环境污染,治理污染成本非常高。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法,除可提取纤维素外,还可联产木质素、复合肥,改变了国内现有技术只能单一生产一种产品、水资源浪费和严重污染环境的弊端。
本发明的目的是以如下方式实现的:
a、将木质素溶脱剂、水按1-5:1000加入蒸煮容器中,然后加入液体总量10—20的棉籽壳,加热至70-90℃进行蒸煮6-10小时,分离出粗纤维,经漂洗精制、烘干后制得纤维成品,漂洗后的溶液送入蒸煮容器中再蒸煮下一批原料,进行再次利用;
b、对蒸煮容器中抽出的溶液进行酸化,压滤析出固形物,即得木质素;
c、提取木质素后的溶液,经调pH值至中性,浓缩后,喷干造粒制得复合肥。
所用木质素溶脱剂按质量由磷酸钾7-8份、高锰酸钾1.9-2.9份、木材渗透剂0.1份构成。木材渗透剂作为商品,山东菏泽维新林化科技有限公司生产该产品。
a步骤中加入蒸煮容器中与木质素溶脱剂混合的水为清水或漂洗后的溶液或上次的蒸煮液。第一次的蒸煮用清水,以后用上次的蒸煮液,在蒸煮液重复利用多次后,转到制取木质素的b步骤,此时用漂洗后的溶液再重复使用。
清水用于漂洗,漂洗水在漂洗过程依次重复使用,漂洗水到一定浑浊程度后,用于一次蒸煮,一次蒸煮水再用于二次蒸煮,几次用于蒸煮后,木质素等物质溶解于溶液中达到一定浓度,经过滤提取出木质素。这样采用了逆流萃取的工艺,使水重复利用,特点是节约用水,总用液量大幅度降低,溶液中的木质素、无机盐(即复合肥成分)能比较经济地浓缩提取出来。
本发明与传统工艺相比有以下特点和进步:(1)采用“逆流萃取”工艺,很好地利用了生产过程中的水流循环,做到加工1吨产品节水90-100吨;(2)采用的木质素溶脱剂,无氯、无硫、无钠;(3)本技术可依次分离提取出纤维素、木质素、复合肥三种产品,解决了传统工艺只能提取单一产品的弊端,原料综合利用率大幅度提高。有效成分回收量达100%;(4)生产过程中不存在污染环境的环节,由于棉籽壳的有效成分都被提取出来,所添加的试剂均经反应制得相应的产品,整个生产过程不仅无传统工艺的“三废”排放,还无氯、无硫、无钠的排放。与传统工艺相比,综合污染指数下降100%,基本解决了已有生产工艺污染环境的难题;(5)与传统工艺相比,本工艺节水达95%。每加工一吨棉杆,仅用水5吨左右。符合“循环经济、节约社会”的产业化向导,具有很高的推广使用价值。
具体实施方式:
实施例1
将棉籽壳1公斤,加入10克木质素溶脱剂和5公斤水的溶液中,加热至80℃进行蒸煮反应6小时,待反应完全,可分离出粗纤维,经漂洗精制、烘干后制得纤维成品0.4公斤,漂洗后的溶液送入浸泡容器中进行再次利用;对一次煮池的溶液酸化,压滤析出固形物,即得木质素0.2公斤;提取木质素后的溶液,经调pH值、浓缩后,喷干造粒制得复合肥0.21公斤。木质素溶脱剂按质量由磷酸钾7-8份、高锰酸钾1.9-2.9份、木材渗透剂0.1份构成。
实施例2
将棉籽壳0.5吨,加入到60公斤木质素溶脱剂和3000公斤水的溶液中,加热至85℃进行蒸煮反应5小时,待反应完全,可分离出粗纤维,经漂洗精制、烘干后制得纤维成品0.21吨,漂洗后的溶液送入浸泡容器中进行再次利用;对一次煮池的溶液酸化,压滤析出固形物,即得木质素0.09吨;提取木质素后的溶液,经调pH值、浓缩后,喷干造粒制得复合肥0.1吨。木质素溶脱剂的构成与实施例1相同。

Claims (3)

1、一种以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤实现:
a、将木质素溶脱剂、水按1-5:1000加入蒸煮容器中,然后加入液体总量10—20的棉籽壳,加热至70-90℃进行蒸煮6-10小时,分离出粗纤维,经漂洗精制、烘干后制得纤维成品,漂洗后的溶液送入蒸煮容器中再蒸煮下一批原料,进行再次利用;
b、对蒸煮容器中抽出的溶液进行酸化,压滤析出固形物,即得木质素;
c、提取木质素后的溶液,经调pH值至中性,浓缩后,喷干造粒制得复合肥。
2、根据权利要求1所述的以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法,其特征在于:所用木质素溶脱剂按质量由磷酸钾7-8份、高锰酸钾1.9-2.9份、木材渗透剂0.1份构成。
3、根据权利要求1所述的以棉籽壳为原料提取纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法,其特征在于:a步骤中加入蒸煮容器中与木质素溶脱剂混合的水为清水或漂洗后的溶液或上次的蒸煮液。
CN2009100140383A 2009-01-21 2009-01-21 以棉籽壳为原料联产纤维素、木质素、复合肥的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101476252B (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10538012B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2020-01-21 Timothee Boitouzet Process for partial delignification and filling of a lignocellulosic material, and composite material structure able to be obtained by this process
CN111945455A (zh) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-17 中北大学 一种谷糠纤维素的提取方法及谷糠纤维膜的制备方法
US11656756B2 (en) 2018-02-09 2023-05-23 Sas Woodoo Touch detection device with touch interface made of composite material
US11820041B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2023-11-21 Sas Woodoo Process for supercritical or subcritical partial delignification and filling of a lignocellulosic material

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10538012B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2020-01-21 Timothee Boitouzet Process for partial delignification and filling of a lignocellulosic material, and composite material structure able to be obtained by this process
US11254026B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2022-02-22 Timothée BOITOUZET Process for partial delignification and filling of a lignocellulosic material, and composite material structure able to be obtained by this process
US11820041B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2023-11-21 Sas Woodoo Process for supercritical or subcritical partial delignification and filling of a lignocellulosic material
US11656756B2 (en) 2018-02-09 2023-05-23 Sas Woodoo Touch detection device with touch interface made of composite material
US11662899B2 (en) 2018-02-09 2023-05-30 Sas Woodoo Touch detection device with touch interface made of composite material
CN111945455A (zh) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-17 中北大学 一种谷糠纤维素的提取方法及谷糠纤维膜的制备方法

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