CN101433470A - 带有电极头的外科用汽化电极 - Google Patents

带有电极头的外科用汽化电极 Download PDF

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CN101433470A
CN101433470A CNA2008101666160A CN200810166616A CN101433470A CN 101433470 A CN101433470 A CN 101433470A CN A2008101666160 A CNA2008101666160 A CN A2008101666160A CN 200810166616 A CN200810166616 A CN 200810166616A CN 101433470 A CN101433470 A CN 101433470A
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P·布罗默尔斯马
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1485—Probes or electrodes therefor having a short rigid shaft for accessing the inner body through natural openings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00059—Material properties
    • A61B2018/00071—Electrical conductivity
    • A61B2018/00083—Electrical conductivity low, i.e. electrically insulating
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    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00505—Urinary tract
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00577—Ablation
    • A61B2018/00583—Coblation, i.e. ablation using a cold plasma
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
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    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1497—Electrodes covering only part of the probe circumference

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种外科用汽化电极(1)，它具有一电极头(2)，所述电极头具有一工作面(6)，并且所述电极头在至少一个连接部位(10)连接在一用绝缘包皮(4)包围的引入线(3)上，其特征在于，电极头(2)的一包围所述连接部位(10)的表面区域(7)设有一陶瓷覆盖件(8)。

Description

带有电极头的外科用汽化电极
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在权利要求1的前序部分中所述类型的汽化电极。
背景技术
如由DE29521028U1已知的那样，所述类型的电极用于在水下例如在囊泡(Blase)中进行汽化。这里，所述电极在高频加载的情况下以其工作面抵靠组织表面并对组织表面进行加热直至所述组织发生碳化。
在较早的在导电性不良的液体中工作的技术中，电极被加载的高频电流必须在与组织接触时通过所述组织流至外部的中性电极。通过电流加热组织。
在较新的技术中在导电性良好的液体中工作，其中电流从汽化电极的工作面通过液体流到设置在附近的回流电极。在工作面上形成的等离子体加热组织。
但这里会出现问题，因为等离子体可能在汽化电极所有导电的表面上形成，即不只是在工作面上，而且也在其它表面区域上形成，因此引入线通过其绝缘包皮受到保护，从而不会有助于形成等离子体。
但绝缘包皮较敏感。绝缘包皮由于其复杂的安装至少在引入线电极侧的端部区域内是由对热敏感的塑料制成的。在绝缘包皮附近形成的等离子体会导致绝缘包皮的破坏。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于，在所述类型的汽化电极中防止由于等离子造成的电极的破坏。
所述目的利用权利要求1特征部分的特征来实现。
根据本发明，电极头的包围引入线连接部位的表面区域设有陶瓷覆盖件。所述陶瓷覆盖件防止在电极头被覆盖的表面区域内形成等离子体，即防止在引入线连接部位的区域内形成等离子体。由此保护敏感的绝缘包皮，并且不会出现所担忧的、最终可能使得整个汽化电极不可用的破坏。如果在一个电极头上连接有多个引入线，则能以相应的方式给所述引入线提供分开的或一个公用的陶瓷覆盖件。
这里有利地设定权利要求2的特征。在具有拱曲的工作面的这个实施形式中，电极头可以设计成例如蘑菇形或板形的。电极头平坦的、连接部位位于其上的背侧可以由结构简单的平的陶瓷盘覆盖，所述陶瓷盘在这里防止形成等离子体。
有利地设定权利要求3的特征。在该实施形式中，引入线穿过陶瓷覆盖件的一孔。引入线的绝缘包皮可以终止于这个位置并且受到非常好的保护，以防止形成等离子体。如果电极头连接在多个引入线上，则可以采用一公用的具有多个孔的陶瓷覆盖件。
附图说明
在附图中示例性地和示意地示出本发明。其中，
图1示出汽化电极远端的端部区域的侧视图，
图2示出按图1中线2-2截取的剖视图，以及
图3示出图1的电极头区域的放大的局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
附图中示出一具有电极头2的外科(手术)用汽化电极1，所述电极头由合适的耐高温金属组成。通过引入线3给电极头2输入电压，所述引入线在靠近电极头2的端部区域内设有由塑料制成的绝缘包皮4。如图3所示，所述引入线3在一连接部位10连接例如钎焊或熔焊在电极头2上。
在图1-3所示的实施例中，所述电极头2设计成具有强烈拱曲的工作面6的蘑菇形电极。所述电极头的背侧7设计成平面的，并且用一陶瓷盘(Keramikscheibe)8覆盖，该陶瓷盘在一孔9中由引入线3穿过。
也就是说，陶瓷盘8包围引入线3的所述连接部位10并且在这个区域中保护包围引入线3的绝缘包皮4，因为通过起覆盖作用的陶瓷盘8防止了在背侧7上形成等离子体。
如图1所示，在所示实施形式中，引入线3连同其在电极头2附近的端部区域中的绝缘包皮4折弯地延伸。在距电极头2一定距离处，引入线3连同其绝缘包皮4伸入一保护管5内，所述引入线以合适的造型在所述保护管中继续延伸。这种常用结构形式的细节例如可以由开头所述的DE29521028U1中得到。
如图2所示，唯一的电极头2与两个分别设有绝缘包皮4的引入线3连接，所述引入线分别在一保护管5中继续延伸。但这只是有机械结构上的原因。所述两个引入线连接在相同的电压上。唯一的一条引入线3也将是足够的。
由于结构上的原因，特别是由于安装上的原因，绝缘包皮4特别是在引入线3在保护管5和电极头2之间的端部区域内由塑料组成，所述塑料对于非常高的温度是敏感的。
根据本发明的汽化电极1用于在导电的液体内，例如在囊泡中工作时，应用于在采用富含盐的冲洗水的情况下进行前列腺切除术。这里电流从电极头2通过周围的冲洗水流到在冲洗水中设置在附近的中性电极。这里通过在该蘑菇形电极的实施例中电极头2强烈拱曲的工作面6形成非常热的等离子体，所述等离子体可以非常有效地使组织碳化，但也会对其它物体，例如绝缘包皮4的塑料材料，起破坏性的作用。但如果绝缘包皮4首先在电极头附近的一段长度上被破坏，则在这里也会形成等离子体，那么所述等离子体会非常快地破坏绝缘包皮4的全部其余部分。然后由于电的原因并且也由于安全性的原因，不再能够利用汽化电极1进行工作。
特别是如图3所示，本发明使电极头2的工作面6露出，但用陶瓷盘8覆盖电磁头2的不用于工作的其余表面区域，该陶瓷盘防止在那里形成等离子体。亦即，特别是在绝缘包皮4的区域内防止形成等离子体。
在所示的具有两根引入线3的实施形式中，陶瓷盘设有两个孔9，并且包围两根引入线3连同其相应的绝缘包皮4，以防止等离子体。
代替所示的具有拱曲的工作面6的钮扣式电极(Knopfelektrode)，也可以采用其它的适用于汽化的电极，该电极例如设计成板形扁平的，其中工作面也是平的。
在所示蘑菇形电极2的实施例中，所述电极的背侧7是平的。为了覆盖所述背侧，简单的平坦的陶瓷盘8就足够了。所述陶瓷盘在孔9中由引入线3穿过。绝缘包皮4在陶瓷盘8上终止。
在所示的结构中，等离子体只能在拱曲的工作面6上形成，即在一确定的用以进行工作的区域内形成。汽化电极1所有的其它区域并且特别是引入线3保持绝缘并且保持没有等离子体形成。

Claims (3)

1.一种外科用汽化电极(1)，它具有一电极头(2)，所述电极头具有一工作面(6)，并且所述电极头在至少一个连接部位(10)连接在一用绝缘包皮(4)包围的引入线(3)上，其特征在于，电极头(2)的一包围所述连接部位(10)的表面区域(7)设有一陶瓷覆盖件(8)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽化电极，其特征在于，所述电极头(2)形成一拱曲的工作面(6)和一平坦的背侧(7)，所述连接部位(10)位于所述背侧上，其中所述背侧(7)由一陶瓷盘(8)覆盖。
3.根据权利要求1所述的汽化电极，其特征在于，所述引入线(3)穿过陶瓷覆盖件(8)的一孔(9)。
CN2008101666160A 2007-11-13 2008-10-15 带有电极头的外科用汽化电极 Active CN101433470B (zh)

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DE102007054438A DE102007054438A1 (de) 2007-11-13 2007-11-13 Chirurgische Vaporisationselektrode mit Elektrodenkopf
DE102007054438.5 2007-11-13

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CN101433470B (zh) 2012-11-14
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US20090125021A1 (en) 2009-05-14
US8265727B2 (en) 2012-09-11

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