CN101400510A - 由开孔蜜胺树脂泡沫和蜜胺纤维网或织物组成的层状复合材料 - Google Patents
由开孔蜜胺树脂泡沫和蜜胺纤维网或织物组成的层状复合材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101400510A CN101400510A CNA2007800085116A CN200780008511A CN101400510A CN 101400510 A CN101400510 A CN 101400510A CN A2007800085116 A CNA2007800085116 A CN A2007800085116A CN 200780008511 A CN200780008511 A CN 200780008511A CN 101400510 A CN101400510 A CN 101400510A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- layered composite
- layer
- fabric
- open celled
- melamine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229920006277 melamine fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 title description 20
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrotriazine Chemical compound C1NNNC=C1 FIDRAVVQGKNYQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkali metal sulfite Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- KLSLBUSXWBJMEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Propylphenol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KLSLBUSXWBJMEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UYVWNPAMKCDKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane Chemical compound C1OOCOO1 UYVWNPAMKCDKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVLRGMSHUKNBDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino)ethanol Chemical compound OCCNC1=NC=NC=N1 GVLRGMSHUKNBDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUWAJPZDCZDTJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O QUWAJPZDCZDTJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940013085 2-diethylaminoethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTDQQZYCCIDJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NTDQQZYCCIDJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005832 Basotect® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWWUWRMVYHEGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCCNC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)N)N)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical group OCCNC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)N)N)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 TWWUWRMVYHEGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004280 Sodium formate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical group OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002650 habitual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVHALOSDPLTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H hexasodium;[oxido-[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl]oxyphosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O TVHALOSDPLTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000687 hydroquinonyl group Chemical class C1(O)=C(C=C(O)C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical group O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
- A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
- A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/06—Open cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/72—Density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2432/00—Cleaning articles, e.g. mops, wipes
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种层状复合体系，包含由基于氨基塑料的开孔泡沫制成的一层或几层A)及由非织造织物或纤维织物制成的一层或几层B)。层B包含蜜胺纤维。还公开了其生产方法和本发明层状复合体系作为清洁海绵或防护垫的用途。
Description
本发明涉及一种层状复合体系，包括：
一层或多层基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫A)，和
一层或多层纤维非织造织物或纤维织物B)，
其中所述层B)包含氨基树脂纤维，涉及其生产和作为清洁海绵或防护垫的用途。
德国实用新型DE 299 02 351 U1描述了用于天花板和墙面的在基于蜜胺-甲醛树脂的开孔泡沫与纤维织物或纤维非织造织物之间的复合体系。
德国实用新型DE 201 09 652 U1描述了泡孔结构已通过热压致密的蜜胺-甲醛树脂泡沫作为家具、陶器或汽车除尘的清洁海绵的用途。
由5-90重量％的蜜胺纤维、5-90重量％的天然纤维和0.1-30重量％的聚酰胺纤维组成的阻燃纱及由此生产的机织物描述于WO 02/10492中。因其良好的耐热及抗燃行为而用于制造工作服和防热服。
本发明的目的是提供一种可以在宽温度范围内用作清洁工具或防护垫的强度得以提高的层状复合材料。
我们已发现由上述层状复合体系达到该目的。
通常，所述层A)厚度为10-50mm，所述层B)厚度为1-10mm。
层A)
用于层A)的开孔泡沫优选基于蜜胺-甲醛缩合产物并具有5-100g/l，特别是8-20g/l的壳层密度(envelope density)的弹性泡沫。泡孔数通常为50-300个泡孔/25mm。拉伸强度优选为100-150kPa及断裂伸长率为8-20％。
可根据EP-A 071 672或EP-A 037 470通过用热空气、蒸汽或通过微波辐射使高度浓缩的包含发泡剂的蜜胺-甲醛预缩合物溶液或分散体膨胀并固化而生产泡沫。该泡沫由BASF Aktiengesellschaft以商品名Basotect
市售。
蜜胺/甲醛摩尔比通常是1:1至1:5。例如如WO 01/94436中所述，为生产甲醛特别低的泡沫，摩尔比选择为1:1.3至1:1.8，并使用无亚硫酸盐基团的预缩合物。
随后可将泡沫退火、压制或表面压纹使其粗糙来改进其性能特性或其强度和耐用性。可将泡沫切割成所需的形状和厚度。
层B)
根据本发明，层A)的纤维织物或非织造织物包含氨基树脂纤维，优选基于蜜胺-甲醛树脂的氨基树脂纤维。
所用氨基树脂纤维例如可通过EP-A 93 965、DE-A 23 64 091、EP-A221 330、EP-A 408 947、DE-A 10029334或DE-A 10133787中所述的方法生产。
特别优选的氨基树脂纤维包括作为单体结构单元(A)的90-100mol％主要由30-100mol％，优选50-99mol％，更优选85-95mol％，特别是88-93mol％蜜胺和0-70mol％，优选1-50mol％，更优选5-15mol％，特别是7-12mol％取代蜜胺或其混合物组成的混合物。合适的取代蜜胺是2-(2-羟基乙氨基)-4，6-二氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4-二(2-羟基乙氨基)-6-氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、，4，6-三(2-羟基乙氨基)-1，3，5-三嗪，2-羟基异丙氨基取代的蜜胺如2-(2-羟基异丙氨基)-4，6-二氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4-二(2-羟基异丙氨基)-6-氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4，6-三(2-羟基异丙氨基)-1，3，5-三嗪、2-(5-羟基-3-氧杂戊氨基)-4，6-二氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4，6-三(5-羟基-3-氧杂戊氨基)-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4-二(5-羟基-3-氧杂戊氨基)-6-氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2-(6-氨基己氨基)-4，6-二氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4-二(6-氨基己氨基)-6-氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、2，4，6-三(6-氨基己氨基)-1，3，5-三嗪或其混合物，例如10mol％ 2-(5-羟基-3-氧杂戊氨基)-4，6-二氨基-1，3，5-三嗪、50mol％ 2，4-二-(5-羟基-3-氧杂戊氨基)-6-氨基-1，3，5-三嗪和40mol％ 2，4，6-三-(5-羟基-3-氧杂戊氨基)-1，3，5-三嗪的混合物。
优选的氨基树脂纤维进一步包含作为单体结构单元(B)的基于单体结构单元(A)和(B)总数为0-10mol％，优选0.1-9.5mol％，特别是1-5mol％的酚或酚的混合物。
适宜的酚(B)包括包含一个或两个羟基并任选经选自C1-C9烷基和羟基的基团取代的酚，也可为经两个或三个酚基取代的C1-C4链烷烃、二(羟基苯基)砜或其混合物。
优选的酚是：苯酚、4-甲基苯酚、4-叔丁基苯酚、4-正辛基苯酚、4-正壬基苯酚、邻苯二酚、间苯二酚、对苯二酚、2，2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷、双(4-羟基苯基)砜，更优选苯酚、间苯二酚和2，2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷。
优选的氨基树脂纤维通常可以通过组分(A)和(B)与甲醛或供应甲醛的化合物反应及随后纺丝而得，蜜胺与甲醛的摩尔比为1:1.15至1:4.5，优选1:1.8至1:3.0。
甲醛通常以例如浓度为40-50重量％的水溶液使用或以在与(A)和(B)反应过程中供应甲醛的化合物形式使用，实例是固态的低聚或聚合甲醛如多聚甲醛、1，3，5-三噁烷或1，3，5，7-四噁烷(tetraoxane)。
优选的蜜胺纤维通常通过将蜜胺、合适的话取代蜜胺和合适的话苯酚与甲醛或供应甲醛的化合物一起来缩聚生产。所有组分可在开始以初始进料存在或可以一次一点地依次反应，随后向所形成的预缩合物中进一步加入蜜胺、取代蜜胺或苯酚。
缩聚反应以常规方式进行(参见EP-A 355 760及Houben-Weyl，第14/2卷，第357页及后续页)。反应温度通常选为20-150℃，优选40-140℃。反应压力通常不严格。反应通常在100-500kPa，优选大气压下进行。缩聚通常在高于7的pH下进一步进行。优选7.5-10.0的pH，特别优选8-9的pH。
可使用溶剂或不用溶剂进行该反应。通常若使用甲醛水溶液则不添加溶剂。若使用固态甲醛，则通常使用水作为溶剂，用量通常基于所用单体总量为5-40重量％，优选15-20重量％。
反应混合物还可包括少量常规添加剂，例如碱金属亚硫酸盐如焦亚硫酸钠和亚硫酸钠、碱金属甲酸盐如甲酸钠、碱金属柠檬酸盐如柠檬酸钠、磷酸盐、聚磷酸盐、脲、双氰胺或氨腈。它们可作为纯单一化合物或相互的混合物，在每种情况下不用溶剂或以水溶液在缩合反应之前、期间或之后添加。
其他改性剂为胺和氨基醇如二乙胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或2-二乙氨基乙醇。
适宜的添加剂还包括填料和乳化剂。适宜的填料例如包括纤维状或粉状无机增强剂或填料如玻璃纤维、金属粉末、金属盐或硅酸盐，实例是高岭土、滑石、重晶石、石英或白垩，也可为颜料及染料。所用乳化剂通常是惯用的具有长链烷基部分的非离子、阴离子或阳离子有机化合物。
缩聚反应可在例如挤出机中以常规方法间歇或连续地进行(参见EP-A 355 760)。
为了生产纤维，通常以常规方式将本发明的蜜胺树脂纺丝，例如在室温下在旋转纺丝(rotospinning)机中添加固化剂(通常为酸如甲酸、硫酸或氯化铵)后纺丝，随后在加热气氛中将粗纤维固化，或在加热气氛中纺丝，同时蒸发作为溶剂的水并固化该缩合物。该方法详细描述于DE-A-23 64 091中。
然而，氨基树脂纤维还可使用其他惯用的方法生产，例如纤维拉丝(fiber pulling)、挤压和原纤化。通常将得到的纤维预干燥，合适的话将其拉伸，然后在120-250℃下固化。
市售的氨基树脂纤维厚度通常为5-25μm，长度为2-2000mm。
此外，纤维非织造织物、纤维织物或用于它的纱可包含天然纤维或由热塑性聚合物组成的人造树脂纤维。例如，纤维非织造织物和纤维织物可由如下纤维组成：
a)5-90重量％氨基树脂纤维，特别是蜜胺纤维，
b)5-90重量％天然纤维，及
c)0.1-30重量％聚酰胺纤维。
层A)和层B)可通过压合(stitching)、缝合(quilting)、钉合(tacking)、针缝(needling)或铆合(riveting)形成。有利地，使用不燃纱，例如PTFE或芳族聚酰胺纤维组成的纱，或钢或铝制成的销、针或铆钉。因氨基树脂纤维部分或蜜胺-甲醛泡沫部分的高热稳定性，还可特别简单地将该层状复合体系粘合在一起，例如使用热熔粘合剂以点或以面粘合。
开孔泡沫因其高热稳定性和绝热效果还可通过市售热熔粘合剂如基于乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚氨酯或聚异丁烯(PIP)的热熔粘合剂简单地固定在任何底材如天花板、墙壁、木材、石膏板等上。由该开孔泡沫提供的热绝缘意味着液化热熔粘合剂维持液态几秒钟，在此过程中，甚至可以在难接近的地方进行简单的附着。所述粘合剂部分渗入开孔泡沫，以使适当负荷下故障发生的位置通常在泡沫层而不在与底材的界面。建筑业上的应用优选使用低可燃性、添加阻燃剂的热熔粘合剂或单组分聚氨酯粘合剂。
层状复合材料除了包含层A)和层B)外，还可进一步包含例如由弹性聚氨酯泡沫组成的层C)，这些层C)尤其可构造成夹合层(grip layer)。可将该层C)应用于层A)或层B)的顶部。
优选由层A)和层B)组成的层状复合材料。若使用几层，则优选使用一层A)和一层B)作为外层。
为增强清洁效果，层A)可掺入清洁助剂，例如无机化合物如硅酸盐或磷酸盐。也可掺入表面活性剂、分散助剂或漂白剂来提高清洁效果。也可通过将抗菌物质掺入层A)、B)或C)中来增强该层状复合材料。还可添加具有愉快效果的香料。
该层状复合体系可用作例如清洁家具、陶器或喷漆表面的清洁海绵。该层状复合材料中泡沫层A)的强度和耐用性因纤维非织造织物或纤维织物层B)而提高。如果必要，该层状复合材料可以双面使用。为了在用作清洁海绵时延长该开孔泡沫的耐用性并提高压力控制，可以对该开孔泡沫(层A)或层状复合体系提供例如以塑料材料如苯乙烯或烯烃聚合物组成的单面开口长方体形式的支架。该支架是确保改善操作的简单方便的方式。特别地开孔泡沫或层状复合体系的层A因其弹性可简单压入支架中。
为了提高对顽固污垢的效果，开孔泡沫或层状复合体系可用粘合剂(如丙烯酸酯水分散体)施加例如砂或刚玉的磨耗层。
仅用刀片或热金属丝可将基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫或层状复合体系简单地切割成所需形状。在潮湿的开孔泡沫上进行切割是特别有效的。温度高于开孔泡沫分解温度的金属丝可用于脆性切割断面。这是生产型材、复杂形状或橡皮图章的简单而便宜的方式。
因开孔泡沫在约-180℃至+200℃温度下的弹性，可简单地将该泡沫装进预制容器部件中。该泡沫甚至在低温如低于-80℃下保持弹性。没有发生由于脆裂造成的损坏。因此该泡沫也非常适宜用作冰箱或冷藏箱的吸收垫来吸收除霜时的水分并防止冻存料冻结到冰箱或冷藏箱壁上。
使用该层状复合体系的另一方式是作为焊接操作的防护垫。因其耐热和耐化学性以及其良好的绝热性能，液态金属滴如焊料例如将在高达300℃下在泡沫层A)上以液态长期漂浮并可被进一步加工或传送。
通常，一层或多层开孔泡沫(层A)还可在没有纤维非织造织物或纤维织物的层B)下单独用于上述应用。
实施例
实施例1：
将一块约20cm＊20cm＊5cm的开孔蜜胺-甲醛泡沫(
，BASFAktiengesellschaft)用作焊接垫。落下的焊料滴作为小漂浮液滴停留在泡沫表面并未被吸收。
实施例2：
将一块约30cm＊10cm＊1cm的开孔蜜胺-甲醛泡沫(BASFAktiengesellschaft)作为衬垫置于冷藏箱隔间中。其保持弹性并吸收来自冻存料取出处的水分。因其未在隔间底部冻结，泡沫使用后易于从冷藏箱隔间移走。洗涤及干燥后易于再使用。
Claims (9)
1.一种层状复合体系，包括：
一层或多层基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫A)，和
一层或多层纤维非织造织物或纤维织物B)，其中所述层B)包含氨基树脂纤维。
2.根据权利要求1的层状复合体系，其中所述层A)由壳层密度为5-100g/l的开孔泡沫组成。
3.根据权利要求1或2的层状复合体系，其中所述层A)的厚度为10-50mm，所述层B)的厚度为1-10mm。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的层状复合体系，其中所述层B)由纤维织物组成，该纤维织物由如下纤维组成：
a)5-90重量％蜜胺纤维，
b)5-90重量％天然纤维，及
c)0.1-30重量％聚酰胺纤维。
5.一种将一层或多层基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫A固定在底材上或生产根据权利要求1-4中任一项的层状复合体系的方法，包括用热熔粘合剂将所述层A)和B)粘接在一起。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的层状复合体系作为清洁海绵的用途。
7.一层或多层基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫A或根据权利要求1-5中任一项的层状复合体系作为焊接操作防护垫的用途。
8.一层或多层基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫A或根据权利要求1-5中任一项的层状复合体系作为冷却或冷冻设备衬垫的用途。
9.一层或多层基于氨基树脂的开孔泡沫A或根据权利要求1-5中任一项的层状复合体系通过热丝来生产压花或图章的用途。
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| US20150143647A1 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-05-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Multi-Purpose Tough Stain Removal Articles |
| US10406079B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2019-09-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Structures containing thermo-sensitive gels |
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| EP2480408A4 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2014-01-22 | Filtrona Porous Technologies Corp | COMPOSITE FIBER AND FOAM STRUCTURES AND METHODS OF MAKING |
| EP2382906A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | A cleaning implement comprising elastic compressed foam |
| DE102012022722A1 (de) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-19 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Reinigungstextil |
| WO2014116661A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-31 | Basofil, Llc | Nonwoven melamine fiber surface preparation and cleaning material |
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| DE20109652U1 (de) * | 2001-06-09 | 2001-09-13 | Matsumoto Keiko | Reinigungsschwamm |
| US20050266229A1 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-01 | Richard Porticos | Nonwoven with attached foam particles |
| DE102005029745A1 (de) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Oberflächen |
| DE102005038170B4 (de) * | 2005-08-12 | 2007-08-30 | Perick Management Gmbh | Reinigungstextilie |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101966068A (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-02-09 | 太仓弘谊无纺布制造有限公司 | 一种复合抹布及其制作方法 |
| CN101966068B (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-08-28 | 太仓弘谊无纺布制造有限公司 | 一种复合抹布的制作方法 |
| US20150143647A1 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-05-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Multi-Purpose Tough Stain Removal Articles |
| AU2014356113B2 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2018-07-05 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Multi-purpose tough stain removal articles |
| US10433700B2 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2019-10-08 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Multi-purpose tough stain removal articles |
| US10406079B2 (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2019-09-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Structures containing thermo-sensitive gels |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007101881A3 (de) | 2008-10-16 |
| BRPI0708665A2 (pt) | 2011-06-07 |
| WO2007101881A2 (de) | 2007-09-13 |
| JP2009529441A (ja) | 2009-08-20 |
| KR20080106570A (ko) | 2008-12-08 |
| EP1996396A2 (de) | 2008-12-03 |
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