CN101398850B - 主机和媒体设备间的多种媒体类型同步 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于在主机和媒体设备间传送媒体资产的改进技术。在主机和媒体设备间传送媒体资产可以被称为同步。根据本发明的一个方面,在主机预先格式化(例如渲染)被传送的媒体资产,然后递送到媒体设备。根据本发明的另一方面,可以将媒体资产分组成多个集合,并以集合为基础传送。根据本发明的另一方面,基于媒体设备可用的存储容量,限制将传送的媒体资产。根据本发明的另一方面,可以根据不同优先级,传送不同媒体类型的媒体资产。
Description
本申请是申请日为2005年10月25日,申请号为200580036575.8,发明名称为“主机和媒体设备间的多种媒体类型同步”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及媒体设备,更具体地说,涉及媒体设备上的媒体的同步或管理。
背景技术
在便携式设备例如个人数字助理(PDA)和主机间通常执行同步操作,以便同步电子文件或其他资源。例如,这些文件或其他资源可能属于文本文件、数据文件、日程安排、电子邮件、任务列表、电子记事本等等。然而,这些同步方案倾向于利用文件名和修改日期来确定是否需要在设备间拷贝文件。
在媒体播放器例如音乐播放器的情况下,通常通过使用拖放操作在主机和媒体播放器间移动文件,就象通常关于将数据文件从Windows桌面拷贝到软盘所做的操作。因此,媒体播放器的用户手动地启动用于各个媒体资产(asset)的同步。因而,对用户来说,同步是单调且耗时的。同步比较慢,因为通过较慢的链路在设备间传送数据。近年来,音乐播放器与主机间的同步已经能自动地启动,只要外围电缆上的总线连接将音乐播放器连接到主机。作为这种系统的例子,可参见U.S.专利公开号No.:2003/0167318A1。然而,这种自动同步涉及单一媒体类型的媒体资产,即歌曲。其他媒体类型如图像,当尝试提供同步时提出了新的且不同的挑战。
由此,需要用于同步媒体设备和主机的改进方法的改进技术。
发明内容
本发明涉及用于在主机和媒体设备间传送媒体资产的改进技术。在主机和媒体设备间传送媒体资产可以被称为同步。根据本发明的一个方面,在主机预先格式化(例如渲染(render))正传送的媒体资产,然后递送到媒体设备。根据本发明的另一方面,可以将媒体资产分组成集合,并在集合基础上传送。根据本发明的另一方面,基于媒体设备可用的存储容量,限制将传送的媒体资产。根据本发明的另一方面,可以根据不同优先级,传送不同媒体类型的媒体资产。
可以用各种方式实现本发明,包括方法、系统、设备、装置或计算机可读介质。在下文讨论本发明的几个实施例。
作为一种用于将媒体资产从主机提供给媒体设备的方法,本发明的一个实施例至少包括下述动作:获得该媒体设备的媒体设备性能(capability);识别将拷贝到该媒体设备的、主机上的原始媒体资产;基于媒体设备性能,确定适合于该媒体设备的媒体格式;根据媒体格式,对原始媒体资产中的每一个,生成一组格式化媒体资产;以及将该组格式化媒体资产拷贝到该媒体设备。
作为一种用于在主机和媒体设备间同步媒体资产的方法,本发明的一个实施例至少包括下述动作:在将与媒体设备同步的主机处识别媒体资产,媒体资产与一个或多个媒体集合关联;确定所识别的媒体资产中的哪些媒体资产还没有存储在媒体设备上;为包括所确定的媒体资产的一个或多个媒体集合中的每一个确定优先级;以及将一个或多个媒体集合的所确定的媒体资产从主机拷贝到媒体设备,其中根据用于相关媒体集合的优先级、基于媒体集合执行该拷贝,并且该拷贝仅执行到媒体设备上的可用存储空间的程度。
作为一种用于在主机和媒体设备间同步媒体资产的方法,本发明的另一实施例至少包括下述动作:识别将拷贝到媒体设备、驻留在主机上的媒体资产;确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产;确定与所识别的媒体资产有关的优先级;当确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产时,根据优先级,减少将拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产;以及将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备。
作为一种用于将媒体资产从主机拷贝到媒体设备的方法,本发明的一个实施例至少包括以下操作:识别将从主机拷贝到媒体设备的一定数量的第一类型的媒体资产;确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的第一类型的媒体资产;当确定该媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,减少将拷贝的第一类型的媒体资产数量;将所识别的第一类型的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备;识别将从主机拷贝到媒体设备的一定数量的第二类型的媒体资产;通过或假定已经执行该拷贝,确定该媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的第二类型的媒体资产;当确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,减少将拷贝的第二类型的媒体资产数量;以及将所识别的第二类型的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备。
作为一种计算机可读介质,至少包括用于将媒体资产从主机提供给媒体设备的计算机程序代码,本发明的一个实施例至少包括:用于获得该媒体设备的媒体设备性能的计算机程序代码;用于识别将拷贝到该媒体设备的、主机上的原始媒体资产的计算机程序代码;用于基于媒体设备性能,确定适合于该媒体设备的媒体格式的计算机程序代码;用于根据媒体格式,为原始媒体资产中的每一个生成一组格式化媒体资产的计算机程序代码;以及用于将该组格式化媒体资产拷贝到该媒体设备的计算机程序代码。
作为一种计算机可读介质,至少包括用于在主机和媒体设备间同步媒体资产的计算机程序代码,本发明的一个实施例至少包括:用于识别将与媒体设备同步的主机的媒体资产的计算机程序代码,媒体资产与一个或多个媒体集合关联;用于确定所识别的媒体资产的哪些媒体资产还没有存储在媒体设备上的计算机程序代码;用于为包括所确定的媒体资产的一个或多个媒体集合的每一个确定优先级的计算机程序代码;以及用于将一个或多个媒体集合的所确定的媒体资产从主机拷贝到媒体设备的计算机程序代码,其中根据相关媒体集合的优先级、基于媒体集合执行该拷贝,并且该拷贝仅被执行到媒体设备上的可用存储空间的程度。
作为一种计算机可读介质,至少包括用于在主机和媒体设备间同步媒体资产的计算机程序代码,本发明的另一个实施例至少包括:用于识别将拷贝到媒体设备、驻留在主机上的媒体资产的计算机程序代码;用于确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产的计算机程序代码;用于确定与所识别的媒体资产有关的优先级的计算机程序代码;用于当确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产时,根据优先级,减少将拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产的计算机程序代码;以及用于将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备的计算机程序代码。
作为一种计算机可读介质,至少包括用于将媒体资产从主机拷贝到媒体设备的计算机程序代码,本发明的一个实施例至少包括:用于识别将从主机拷贝到媒体设备的一定数量的第一类型的媒体资产的计算机程序代码;用于确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储的计算机程序代码;用于识别将从主机拷贝到媒体设备的一定数量的第二类型的媒体资产的计算机程序代码;用于确定媒体设备是否具有存储所识别的第一类型的媒体资产和所识别的第二类型的媒体资产的足够可用存储容量的计算机程序代码;用于当确定媒体设备不具有用于所识别的第一类型的媒体资产和所识别的第二类型的媒体资产的足够可用存储容量时,减少将拷贝的第二类型的媒体资产的数量的计算机程序代码;以及将所识别的第一类型和第二类型的媒体资产拷贝到该媒体设备的计算机程序代码。
作为一种用于将媒体资产提供给媒体设备的计算装置,本发明的一个实施例至少包括:输入/输出接口,检测与媒体设备的连接;数据存储装置(data store),存储媒体资产;以及处理器。该处理器配置成获得媒体设备的媒体设备性能,识别将拷贝到该媒体设备的主机上的原始媒体资产,基于媒体设备性能,确定媒体格式,根据媒体格式,为原始媒体资产中的每一个生成一组格式化媒体资产,以及将该组格式化媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备。
本发明的其他方面和实施例从下面结合通过例子示例说明本发明的原理的附图的详细描述将变得显而易见。
附图说明
通过结合附图的下述详细描述,将易于理解本发明,其中相似的附图标记表示相似的结构元件,其中:
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的同步系统的框图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的同步过程。
图3是根据本发明的另一实施例的同步过程的流程图。
图4A-4C是根据本发明的一个实施例的详细同步过程的流程图。
图5A和5B是根据本发明的一个实施例的多个媒体同步过程的流程图。
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的媒体设备的框图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及用于在主机和媒体设备间传送媒体资产的改进技术。在主机和媒体设备间传送媒体资产可以被称为同步。根据本发明的一个方面,可以在主机处预先格式化(例如渲染(render))传送的媒体资产,然后递送给媒体设备。根据本发明的另一个方面,可以将媒体资产组成多个集合(collection)并基于集合传送。根据本发明的另一方面,可以基于在媒体设备处可用的存储容量,限制将传送的媒体资产。根据本发明的又一方面,可以根据不同优先级,传送不同媒体类型的媒体资产。
在下文中,参考图1-6,讨论本发明的这一方面的实施例。然而,本领域的技术人员很容易理解,在此参考这些图给出的详细描述是用于说明的目的,因为本发明的范围超出这些限定的实施例。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的同步系统100的框图。同步系统100包括媒体设备102和主机104。媒体设备102是例如便携式、电池操作的媒体播放器。主机104包括媒体管理器106。媒体管理器106允许主机104的用户管理在主机104上存储的媒体资产。例如,媒体管理器106便于用户对各种媒体资产进行浏览、组织、查看、播放或其他操作。在一个实施例中,媒体管理器106是媒体管理应用。
各种媒体资产可以是一个或多个不同媒体类型。媒体资产的一个示例性类型是音频文件(例如歌曲)。媒体资产的另一示例性类型是图像文件(例如照片)。媒体资产的又一示例性类型是视频文件(例如电影)。媒体资产也能组成多个集合。集合的一个例子是相簿。
主机104进一步包括媒体数据库108和媒体源110。媒体源110引用在主机104的数据存储设备(例如硬盘驱动器、闪存)中存储的原始媒体资产112。媒体数据库108存储与原始媒体资产112有关的媒体信息。为便于在媒体设备102上使用原始媒体资产112,媒体管理器106用来由原始媒体资产112产生渲染媒体资产114。对渲染媒体资产114进行格式化,以便由媒体设备102使用。
媒体设备102包括媒体数据库116和渲染媒体资产118。媒体设备102也可以包括原始媒体资产120。渲染媒体资产118是渲染媒体资产114中的一些或全部渲染媒体资产114的拷贝,而原始媒体资产120是原始媒体资产112中的一些或全部的拷贝。通常,媒体播放器102将包括用于存储媒体资产的数据存储设备(例如盘驱动器、闪存)、用于存储正在使用的媒体资产的高速缓冲存储器、用于向用户显示信息的屏幕显示器、以及用于控制媒体设备102的操作的处理器(例如微型处理器)。
外围电缆122在媒体设备102和主机104间提供数据通路(或数据链路)。通常,外围电缆122将在媒体设备102和主机104上提供的数据端口耦合在一起。外围电缆122提供将媒体设备102耦合到主机104的外围总线。外围总线例如可以是FIREWIRE总线或通用串行总线(USB)。
通过比较在各个资产数据库108和116中存储的媒体信息,能以精密方式实现在主机104上存储的媒体资产和在媒体设备204上存储的媒体资产间的同步操作。媒体信息可以是关于一种或多种类型的媒体资产。当来自各个数据库108和116的媒体信息的比较表明存在驻留于主机104上而不位于媒体设备102上的特定媒体资产时,则可以通过外围电缆122将该特定媒体资产传送(下载)到媒体播放器。另一方面,当来自各个数据库108和116的媒体信息的比较表明特定媒体资产驻留在媒体设备102而不位于主机104上时,那么可以将该特定媒体资产从媒体设备102移出(删除)或在外围电缆122上传送(例如上载)到主机104上。因此,通过为媒体设备102提供媒体数据库116,能实现媒体内容的更精密的同步和管理。在一个实施例中,媒体信息包括能被比较来确定将传送哪些媒体资产的媒体资产的媒体属性。在一个例子中,媒体属性至少包括作为音频文件的媒体资产的标题和艺术家姓名。在另一例子中,媒体属性包括作为图像文件的媒体资产的标识符、修改日期和大小。
媒体数据库116还允许媒体设备102向用户提供比传统方法更复杂的用户接口。可以在媒体设备102的屏幕显示器上提供这种用户接口。用户接口可以例如允许媒体设备102的用户对在媒体设备102上驻留的媒体资产进行浏览、排序、搜索、播放、观看等等。用户接口也可以允许媒体设备102的用户从媒体设备102下载(添加)或删除(移出)媒体资产。当媒体资产是将被浏览的图像时,媒体设备能使用用于在屏幕显示器上显示的渲染媒体资产(先前格式化的)中相关的一个,快速地显示媒体资产。
媒体管理器106还具有用户接口,允许用户对驻留在主机104上的媒体资产进行浏览、排序、搜索、播放、观看、生成播放列表、烧制紧密盘(CD)、生成集合(例如相簿)等等。用户接口也能允许主机104的用户从主机104下载(添加)或删除(或移出)媒体资产。在一个实施例中,媒体管理器106及其相关用户接口由来自加利福尼亚的Cupertino的Apple Computer,Inc.的iTunes版本2.0提供。
在一个实施例中,媒体设备是专用于处理诸如音频、视频或图像的媒体的便携式计算设备。例如,媒体设备102可以是音乐播放器(例如MP3播放器)、游戏播放器、视频播放器、录像机、照相机、图像浏览器等等。这些设备通常是电池操作且便携的,以便在用户旅行时,允许用户收听音乐、播放游戏或视频、录制视频、播放视频、照相或浏览图片。在一个实现方案中,媒体设备102是大小适合于放入用户的口袋或手中的手持设备。由于是手持设备,媒体设备102比较小且容易由用户操作和利用。由于是口袋大小,用户不必直接携带媒体设备102,因此几乎无论用户走到哪里,都能带走媒体设备102(例如用户不受携带大而笨重的设备的限制,如便携式计算机的情况)。此外,媒体设备102可以由用户的手操作,而不需要参考平面、例如桌面。
根据本发明的一个实施例,媒体设备是媒体播放器,并且在媒体播放器上驻留的媒体数据库中细化媒体播放器上的媒体内容。主机也将媒体内容的媒体数据库存储在主机上。然后,同步时,可以比较在各个媒体数据库中存储的媒体信息以便确定哪些媒体资产(如果有的话)将从主机拷贝到媒体播放器。例如,媒体资产可以是有关用于歌曲的媒体文件,并且来自被比较的各个数据库的媒体信息可以包括歌曲标题、专辑名和艺术家名。作为另一例子,媒体资产可以是有关用于图像的媒体文件,并且来自被比较的各个数据库的媒体信息可以包括图像标识符、修改日期和文件大小。因此,能更加智能地执行同步过程。如果不再存在于主机上,也可以从媒体播放器移出(或删除)媒体资产。在其他实施例中,作为额外的或替换的方案,可以将媒体资产从媒体播放器拷贝到主机。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的同步过程200。由媒体管理器、例如图1中所示的主机104内的媒体管理器106,执行同步过程200。
同步过程200从确定是否将执行同步的判定操作202开始。当判定操作202确定将不执行同步时,同步过程200等待直到执行同步的适当时间为止。关于这一点,一旦将执行同步,则可以认为同步过程200被调用。例如,可以在主机的用户请求时执行同步,或当媒体设备连接到主机时自动地执行同步。
在任何情况下,一旦判定操作202确定将执行同步,则从媒体设备请求媒体设备性能(capability)。媒体设备知道其媒体设备性能,并且在请求时可以将其媒体设备性能提供给主机。媒体设备性能可以定义媒体设备的特性、性能和/或首选项(preference)。例如,媒体设备性能可以表示由媒体设备支持的媒体类型、由媒体设备支持或要求的显示格式,以及用于另外的媒体资产的可用存储容量。在另一实施例中,媒体设备性能可以存储在主机上并使用由媒体设备提供的标识符存取。
接着,判定操作206确定媒体设备是否支持媒体显示。媒体设备的媒体资产的显示能直接在媒体设备的显示设备上进行或在媒体设备控制的外部显示设备上间接地进行。这里,假定能耦合到主机的一些媒体设备能显示媒体,但其他媒体设备不能。当媒体设备不支持媒体显示时,因为假定由同步过程200同步的媒体资产与这些媒体资产的显示有关,所以同步过程200完成并结束。
另一方面,当判定操作206确定媒体设备支持媒体显示时,识别在主机上驻留的将拷贝到媒体设备的原始媒体资产208。如在下文更详细讨论的,将被拷贝到媒体设备的原始媒体资产可能受用户选择和已经存在于媒体设备上的那些媒体资产影响。
另外,基于媒体设备性能,确定所请求的媒体格式210。这里,媒体设备性能可以表示媒体设备所需的一个或多个媒体格式,例如显示格式。例如,媒体设备可以将媒体设备支持的那些显示格式(例如渲染格式)包括在媒体设备性能中。然后,可以根据媒体格式,为每一原始媒体资产生成一组格式化的媒体资产(例如渲染媒体资产)212。在一个实施例中,主机可以知道已经存在于媒体设备上的那些格式化媒体资产,在这种情况下,主机可能已经生成某些格式化的媒体资产,由此不需要再次生成它们。在为所识别的原始媒体资产中的每一个生成一组格式化媒体资产后,可以将该组格式化媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备214。可选地,可以将所识别的原始媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备。
根据本发明利用的媒体设备能存储大量媒体资产。这些媒体资产可以是相同类型或不同类型的媒体资产。例如,一种媒体资产是音频文件,例如音乐或歌曲。另一种媒体资产是图像,例如相片。媒体设备包括媒体存储器,能存储已经拷贝到媒体设备的媒体资产。然而,在媒体设备上限制媒体存储器的媒体存储。因此,不是总能将要拷贝到媒体设备的所有媒体资产存储在媒体存储器内。因此,本发明的另一方面使用不同优先级来考虑应当优先将哪些媒体资产存储到媒体存储器。
图3是根据本发明的另一实施例的同步过程300的流程图。例如由主机例如图1中所示的主机104执行同步过程300。
同步过程300最初识别将拷贝到媒体设备的媒体资产302。然后,判定操作304确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所有识别的媒体资产。在一个实施例中,可以通过由媒体设备提供的媒体设备性能来确定用于媒体设备的可用存储容量。例如,媒体设备可以指出它具有十千兆字节的空闲空间以及五千兆字节的先前存储的媒体资产。取决于用户首选项或取决于是否有必要维护先前存储的媒体资产,可以将可用存储容量视为10千兆字节或15千兆字节。
在任一情况下,当判定操作304确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,判定操作306确定是否需要另外的处理来尝试降低所需的存储容量。当判定操作306确定不需要这种另外的处理时,那么同步过程300完成并且结束而未执行同步。另外,当判定操作306确定将执行另外的处理时,确定所识别的媒体资产的优先级308。所识别的媒体资产的每一个可以具有一个优先级或可以与一个优先级相关联。因此,基于所识别的媒体资产的优先级,降低所识别的媒体资产的数量310。在操作310后,同步过程300返回以重复判定操作304和后续操作,以便能重新估计媒体设备现在是否具有足够的可用存储容量。
一旦判定操作304确定媒体设备具有足够的可用存储容量,将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备312。通常,当拷贝312所识别的媒体资产时,还可以将有关所识别的媒体资产的资产信息从主机拷贝到媒体设备内的媒体数据库。此后,同步过程300完成并以执行了同步而结束,至少执行到可用存储容量的程度。
图4A-4C是根据本发明的一个实施例的详细同步过程400的流程图。例如通过主机,如图1中所示的主机104,执行详细同步过程400。
同步过程400以确定是否发现媒体设备的判定操作402开始。其中,在将媒体设备连接到主机后,主机能检测或发现媒体设备的存在。在这种情况下,主机能自动地启动同步过程。因此,当判定操作402确定已经发现媒体设备时,同步过程400继续。换句话说,一旦发现了媒体设备,则可以认为同步过程400被调用。
当同步过程400继续时,为媒体资产确定主机媒体源404。这里,通常由用户选择或关于媒体管理应用的设定确定主机媒体源。主机媒体源可以与文件夹、库或媒体资产的分组有关。通常,针对应用程序或文件系统关联主机媒体源。接着,识别主机媒体源中的待拷贝的媒体集合406。在主机媒体源内,通常存在多个媒体集合。在同步过程400期间,可以根据有关是否拷贝它们的用户选择,来指明这些媒体集合。例如,当媒体资产是相片时,媒体集合可以与相片簿有关。
然后,请求有关在媒体设备上存储的媒体资产的媒体信息408。判定操作410确定是否已经从媒体设备接收到媒体信息。一旦已经从媒体设备接收到媒体信息,将来自媒体设备的媒体信息与主机上的媒体集合内的那些媒体资产进行比较412。在一个实施例中,媒体信息包括媒体资产的媒体属性,其可以被比较以便确定传送哪些媒体资产。在一个例子中,媒体属性至少包括用于作为音频文件的媒体资产的标题和艺术家名。在另一例子中,媒体属性包括作为图像文件的媒体资产的标识符、修改日期和大小。基于比较412,识别位于主机上而不位于媒体设备上的媒体资产。
接着,确定所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量416。在一个实施例中,已知或预定媒体资产的大小,以便能在主机计算所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量。另外,确定媒体设备上的可用存储容量量418。可以由从媒体设备获得的媒体设备性能,帮助完成该确定。例如,媒体设备性能可以指示媒体设备上的空闲存储器量。
在任一情况下,然后判定操作420确定存储所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量是否小于媒体设备上的可用存储空间量。当所需的存储空间量小于可用存储空间量时,可以立即执行同步。即,可以从媒体设备删除任何不需要的媒体资产422,并可以将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备424。不是必须删除422不需要的媒体资产,特别是当存储器设备不移出先前存储的媒体资产中的任何一个也具有足够的空闲存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产时。在已经拷贝424所识别的媒体资产后,同步过程400完成并以执行了同步而结束。
另一方面,当判定操作420确定所需的存储空间量不小于可用存储空间的量时,确定媒体集合的优先级426。这里,假定将所识别的媒体资产分组成媒体集合,媒体集合具有与之相关的优先级。如参考图4C在下文中详细描述的,通过根据优先级同步媒体集合的媒体资产,来继续同步。具体地,确定用于优先媒体集合的所需存储空间428。然后,判定操作430确定用于第一优先级媒体集合的所需存储空间是否大于媒体设备的可用存储空间。当所需存储空间超出可用存储空间时,那么,该媒体集合不能拷贝到媒体设备。在这种情况下,可以向用户告知432,不足的存储器防碍更新(或进一步更新)。此后,如果存在于媒体设备上的可用存储空间不足,同步过程完成并结束。应注意到媒体设备上的可用存储空间可以将(至少某些媒体类型的)先前存储的媒体资产视为可用存储空间的一部分。
或者,当判定操作430确定用于优先媒体集合的存储的所需存储空间不大于媒体设备上的可用存储空间时,判定操作434确定所需存储空间是否大于媒体设备上的空闲空间量。当判定操作434确定所需存储空间超出空闲空间时,则可以从媒体设备删除436任何不需要的媒体资产,以便释放另外的可用存储空间。可选地,在这些删除436前,可以向用户提供用户警告或对话框并允许用户异常终止同步过程400。或者,当所需的存储空间不超出空闲空间时,可以省略操作436,因而不一定需要从媒体设备删除436不需要的媒体资产。
在操作436后或省略它后,将优先媒体集合的媒体资产拷贝438到媒体设备。此后,判定操作440确定是否将类似地处理更多的媒体集合。当判定操作440确定将处理更多的媒体集合时,那么同步过程400返回来重复操作428和后续操作,以便能类似地处理下一优先媒体集合。或者,当判定操作440确定没有待处理的媒体集合时,同步过程400完成并结束。
图5A和5B是根据本发明的一个实施例的多个媒体同步过程500的流程图。例如,由主机的媒体管理器如图1中所示的媒体管理器106执行多个媒体同步过程500。其中,多个媒体可能与不同类型的媒体资产有关。例如,一种媒体资产可能是音频文件,如歌曲,而另一种媒体资产可能与图像有关,如照片。
多个媒体同步过程500从判定操作502开始,确定是否执行同步。由用户或由媒体管理器自动地请求同步。当判定操作502确定将不执行同步时,多个媒体同步过程500等待同步需要。换句话说,当将执行同步时,可以认为多个媒体同步过程500被激活。
一旦要执行同步,识别将拷贝到媒体设备的第一类型的媒体资产504。然后,判定操作506确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量。媒体设备的可用存储容量至少包括媒体设备内的存储器的空闲空间,但也可以包括与能够被删除的先前存储的媒体资产相关的存储容量。在任一情况下,当判定操作506确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,可以减少将拷贝的所识别的第一类型的媒体资产的数量508。在减少操作508后,多个媒体同步过程500返回以重复判定操作506以便重新考虑现在是否存在足够的可用存储容量。一旦判定操作506确定媒体设备具有足够的可用存储容量,将所识别的第一类型的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备510。另外,在主机和媒体设备存储的媒体资产包括媒体数据库,当拷贝媒体资产时,也能拷贝用于这些媒体资产的相关数据库信息。
接着,识别将拷贝到媒体设备的第二类型的媒体资产512。然后,判定操作514确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量。应注意到,在判定操作514处所考虑的媒体设备的可用存储容量可以将第二类型的所有先前存储的媒体资产视为可用。如果需要该存储空间,可以从媒体设备的存储器删除第二类型的先前存储的媒体资产。
在任一情况下,当判定操作514确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,确定所识别的第二类型的媒体资产的优先级516。然后,基于优先级,减少将拷贝的所识别的第二类型的媒体资产的数量518。这里,假定已经将第一类型的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备,媒体设备提供较少的可用存储容量来存储第二类型的媒体资产。因此,有可能媒体设备不能存储所识别的第二类型的媒体资产中的任何一个。另外,应注意到,可以将第二类型的媒体资产组成多个集合,并且可以根据集合执行所识别的第二类型的媒体资产的数量的减少518,以便该减少过程以集合为基础删去所识别的媒体资产。在任一情况下,在操作518后,多个媒体同步过程500返回以重复判定514以便能重新检查关于媒体设备是否具有足够可用存储容量的确定。
在任一情况下,一旦判定操作514确定媒体设备具有足够的可用存储容量,则将用于第二类型的所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备520。同样,也能将任何相关数据库信息拷贝到媒体设备。在操作520后,多个媒体同步过程500完成并结束。
如前所述,同步是媒体管理的一种形式。先前也讨论过自动启动同步的能力。然而,另外可以限制设备间的同步,以便当主机和媒体设备不彼此识别时防止自动同步。
根据一个实施例,当媒体设备首先连接到主机时(或甚至更一般地说,当不存在匹配标识符时),向媒体设备的用户询问该用户是否期望将媒体设备加入、分配或锁定到主机。当媒体设备的用户选择向主机加入、分配或锁定媒体设备时,那么获得伪随机标识符并存储在主机和媒体设备内的媒体数据库或文件中。在一个实现方案中,标识符是与主机或其管理模块相关联(例如被其所知或由其生成)的标识符,将这一标识符发送并存储在媒体设备中。在另一实现方案中,标识符与媒体设备相关联(例如被其所知或由其生成)并发送和存储在主机的文件或媒体数据库中。
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的媒体设备600的框图。媒体设备600包括与微型处理器或控制器有关的处理器602,用于控制媒体设备600的整体操作。媒体设备600将有关媒体资产的媒体数据存储在文件系统604和高速缓存606中。文件系统604通常是存储盘或多个盘。文件系统604通常为媒体设备600提供高容量存储能力。然而,由于文件系统604的存取比较慢,媒体设备600也可以包括高速缓存606。高速缓存606是例如由半导体存储器提供的随机存取存储器(RAM)。高速缓存606的相对存取时间实质上短于文件系统604。然而,高速缓存606不具有文件系统604的大存储容量。另外,文件系统604当激活时,消耗比高速缓存606更多的功率。当媒体设备600是由电池(未示出)供电的便携式媒体设备时,通常关心功耗。媒体设备600还包括RAM620和只读存储器(ROM)622。ROM622能以非易失方式存储将执行的程序、实用工具或过程。RAM620提供易失数据存储,如用于高速缓存606。
媒体设备600还包括允许媒体设备600的用户与媒体设备600交互的用户输入设备608。例如,用户输入设备608能采用多种形式,诸如按钮、键盘、拨号盘等等。另外,媒体设备600包括能由处理器602控制以便向用户显示信息(包括媒体资产如图像)的显示器610(显示屏)。数据总线611可以便于至少文件系统604、高速缓存606、处理器602和编解码器(CODEC)612间的数据传送。
在一个实施例中,媒体设备600用来将多个媒体资产(例如歌曲)存储在文件系统604中。当用户期望媒体设备600播放特定媒体资产时,将可用媒体资产的列表显示在显示器610上。然后,使用用户输入设备608,用户可以选择可用媒体资产中的一种。处理器602在接收到特定媒体资产的选择后,将用于特定媒体资产的媒体数据(例如音频文件)提供给编码器/解码器(CODEC)612。然后,CODEC612产生用于扬声器614的模拟输出信号。扬声器614可以是媒体设备600内部或媒体设备600外部的扬声器。例如,连接到媒体设备600的头戴送话器或耳机将被看作外部扬声器。
在另一实施例中,媒体设备600用来将多个媒体资产(例如图像)存储在文件系统604中。当用户期望使媒体设备600显示特定媒体资产时,可以在显示器610上显示可用媒体资产的列表(例如按名称或按缩略图像或按集合)。然后,使用用户输入设备608,用户可以选择可用媒体资产中的一个。或者,用户可以请求幻灯片显示来显示一系列图像(例如图像集合)。处理器602在接收到一个或多个媒体资产的选择后,将用于特定媒体资产的媒体数据(例如图像文件)提供给显示器610,在该显示器610处为用户显示图像。如上所述,可以在主机处预先格式化(例如渲染)图像文件,以便在媒体设备600处的图像文件的显示反应迅速且高效(在媒体设备的处理操作和功耗方面)。
媒体设备600还包括耦合到数据链路618的网络/总线接口616。数据链路618允许媒体设备600耦合到主机。可以通过有线连接或无线连接提供数据链路618。在无线连接的情况下,网络/总线接口616可以包括无线收发器。
通常,媒体播放器可以对应于下述的一个或多个:音乐播放器、游戏播放器、视频播放器、照相机、移动电话(例如蜂窝电话)、个人数字助理(PDA)等等。
主机也可以是媒体设备。在这种情况下,媒体项的同步可以在两个媒体设备间进行。
能单独或比任意组合使用本发明的各个方面、实施例、实现方案和特征。
尽管几个上述实施例中的媒体资产是图像(例如照片),媒体资产不限于图像。例如,媒体资产可以是音频(例如歌曲)、视频(例如电影)或图像(例如照片),作为不同类型的媒体资产。同时,如上所述,不同类型的媒体资产也能结合主机和媒体设备一起使用。
本发明最好通过软件实现,但也能用硬件或硬件和软件的结合来实现。本发明也能实现为计算机可读介质上的计算机可读代码。计算机可读介质是任何数据存储设备,能存储此后由计算机系统读取的数据。计算机可读介质的例子包括只读存储器、随机存取存储器、CD-ROM、DVD、磁带、光学数据存储设备和载波。计算机可读介质也能分布在网络耦合的计算机系统上,以便以分布式方式存储和执行计算机可读代码。
本发明的优点是多样的。不同实施例或实现方案可以产生下述优点中的一个或多个。本发明的一个优点是便携式媒体设备的用户能快速和容易显示已经下载到便携式媒体设备的媒体资产(例如图像)。本发明的另一优点是便携式媒体设备能以便携式媒体设备可用的一种或多种格式从主机接收媒体资产(例如图像)。本发明的另一优点是能根据有关媒体类型的优先级和/或有关媒体集合的优先级,同步媒体资产(例如图像)。本发明的另一优点是在将媒体设备连接到主机后,自动启动和执行同步。
本发明的许多特征和优点从所写的说明书显而易见,由此,期望附加权利要求书覆盖本发明的所有这些特征和优点。另外,由于本领域的技术人员很容易想到许多改进和改变,本发明不应当限制到如所示和所述的精确结构和操作。因此,所有适当改进和等同物应被认为是落在本发明的范围内。
Claims (27)
1.一种用于在主机和媒体设备间同步媒体资产的系统,所述系统包括:
用于在将与媒体设备同步的主机处识别媒体资产的装置,该媒体资产与一个或多个媒体集合相关联;
用于确定所识别的媒体资产中的哪些媒体资产还没有存储在媒体设备上的装置;
用于为包括所确定的媒体资产的一个或多个媒体集合中的每一个确定优先级的装置;以及
用于将所确定的一个或多个媒体集合的媒体资产从主机拷贝到媒体设备的装置,所述拷贝是以媒体集合为基础、根据相关联的媒体集合的优先级执行的,并且仅执行到媒体设备上的可用存储空间的程度。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,媒体资产是图像。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,一个或多个媒体集合是相簿,每一个相簿包含对应于所确定的媒体资产的图像中的一个或多个。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述用于识别的装置是基于至少一个用户设定的。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述一个或多个媒体集合中的每一个的优先级受用户影响。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,媒体资产是渲染媒体资产。
7.如权利要求6所述的系统,其中,渲染媒体资产是渲染图像。
8.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所确定的媒体资产包括在主机处根据公共原始媒体资产格式化的至少一组格式化媒体资产。
9.如权利要求1所述的系统,其中,媒体资产具有数据大小,其中,格式化媒体资产中的每一个的数据大小实质上小于相应的原始媒体资产的数据大小。
10.一种用于在主机和媒体设备间同步媒体资产的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)识别驻留在主机上的、将被拷贝到媒体设备的媒体资产;
(b)确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产;
(c)确定与所识别的媒体资产相关联的优先级;
(d)当所述确定步骤(b)确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产时,根据优先级减少将拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产;以及
(e)将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备,从而拷贝步骤(e)按不同优先级拷贝不同的媒体类型。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,优先级至少部分地基于不同类型的媒体资产。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,优先级至少部分基于用户设定或指示。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,一旦主机检测到与媒体设备的连接,则自动执行所述方法。
14.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述识别步骤(a)包括:
(a1)为所述媒体资产确定主机媒体源;
(a2)识别主机媒体源中的将被拷贝的媒体集合;以及
(a3)确定所识别的媒体集合内的还没有存储在媒体设备上的媒体资产,由此识别驻留在主机上的将被拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产。
15.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述确定步骤(b)包括:
(b1)确定所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量;
(b2)获得媒体设备上可用的存储空间量;以及
(b3)将所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量与媒体设备上可用的存储空间量进行比较。
16.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,每一个所识别的媒体资产具有与之相关联的优先级。
17.如权利要求10所述的方法,
其中媒体资产排列在集合中,并且其中优先级与所述集合相关联,并且
其中一个集合中的那些媒体资产具有该集合的优先级。
18.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所识别的媒体资产与集合相关联,并且所述集合具有优先级,并且
其中,所述减少将拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产和所述将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备包括:
选择具有最高优先级的集合;
确定将被拷贝到媒体设备的、所述集合内的所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量;
确定媒体设备上的可用存储空间量;
将所需的存储空间量与可用存储空间量进行比较;以及
当所述比较表示可用存储空间量超出所述集合内的所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量时,拷贝该集合内的所识别的媒体资产。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法,其中,所述减少将拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产和所述将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备进一步包括:
当所述比较表示所述集合内的所识别的媒体资产所需的存储空间量超出可用存储空间量时,停止所述方法。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法,其中,所述减少将拷贝到媒体设备的所识别的媒体资产和所述将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备进一步包括:
通知主机的用户,由于媒体设备的可用存储空间不足,所述方法停止而不拷贝所有所识别的媒体资产。
21.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述方法进一步包括:
(f)在所述拷贝步骤前,删除先前在媒体设备上存储的不需要的媒体资产。
22.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述拷贝步骤包括:
(e1)释放媒体设备的、先前存储的媒体资产中的至少一个的存储容量;以及
(e2)将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备。
23.如权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述拷贝步骤包括:
(e1)确定是否需要由先前存储的媒体资产消耗的媒体设备的存储容量来存储所识别的媒体资产;以及
(e2)当所述确定步骤(e1)确定需要由先前存储的媒体资产所消耗的媒体设备的存储容量时,释放媒体设备的、先前存储的媒体资产中的至少一个的存储容量;以及
(e3)将所识别的媒体资产拷贝到该媒体设备。
24.一种用于将媒体资产从主机拷贝到媒体设备的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)识别将从主机拷贝到媒体设备的一定数量的第一类型的媒体资产;
(b)确定媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的第一类型的媒体资产;
(c)当所述确定步骤(b)确定该媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,减少将被拷贝的第一类型的媒体资产的数量,其中,第一类型的媒体资产的数量被减少直到媒体设备具有足够的可用存储容量;
(d)在所述减少步骤(c)后,将所识别的第一类型的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备;
(e)识别将从主机拷贝到媒体设备的一定数量的第二类型的媒体资产;
(f)在已经执行所述拷贝步骤后,确定该媒体设备是否具有足够的可用存储容量来存储所识别的第二类型的媒体资产;
(g)当所述确定步骤(f)确定媒体设备不具有足够的可用存储容量时,减少将被拷贝的第二类型的媒体资产的数量,其中,第二类型的媒体资产的数量被减少直到媒体设备具有足够的可用存储容量,其中,所述减少步骤(g)包括:
(g1)确定与所识别的第二类型的媒体资产相关联的优先级;以及
(g2)基于优先级,减少将被拷贝的第二类型的媒体资产的数量,由此使得具有较低优先级的那些第二类型的媒体资产更可能被排除,其中优先级与所识别的第二类型的媒体资产的集合相关联,以及以集合为基础执行所述减少步骤(g2);以及
(h)在所述减少步骤(g)后,将所识别的第二类型的媒体资产拷贝到媒体设备。
25.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中,主机的用户能影响优先级。
26.如权利要求24所述的方法,
其中,所述拷贝步骤(d)还将与所识别的第一类型的媒体资产相关联的数据库信息拷贝到媒体设备,并且
其中所述拷贝步骤(h)还将与所识别的第二类型的媒体资产相关联的数据库信息拷贝到媒体设备。
27.如权利要求24所述的方法,其中,所识别的第一类型的媒体资产是音频文件,并且其中所识别的第二类型的媒体资产是图像文件。
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CN101048775A (zh) | 2007-10-03 |
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EP1805668A2 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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EP2302528A3 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
EP2302528A2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
US7680849B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 |
CN101398850A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
WO2006047578A3 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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