CN101380659A - Mould for cold forging and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Mould for cold forging and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101380659A CN101380659A CNA2008102143678A CN200810214367A CN101380659A CN 101380659 A CN101380659 A CN 101380659A CN A2008102143678 A CNA2008102143678 A CN A2008102143678A CN 200810214367 A CN200810214367 A CN 200810214367A CN 101380659 A CN101380659 A CN 101380659A
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a mould for cold forging and a manufacturing method thereof, and inhibits sticking a finished produced forged by the mould for the cold forging through preventing abrasion or peeling of a hard membrane formed on the surface of the mould for the cold forging. The mould for the cold forging comprises a single-layer or multi-layer membrane arranged on a design surface of the mould, and the membrane is formed by one, two or more than two substances selected from the following cluster, wherein the cluster comprises carbide, nitride or carbonitride containing one, two or more than two metals in 4A family, 5A family and 6A family, and nitride containing one, two or more than two metals in the 4A family, the 5A family and the 6A family and one or two elements of Si and Al, wherein the 4A family means Ti, Zr and Hf; the 5A family means V, Nb and Ta; the 6A family means Cr, Mo and W; the surface roughness Ra of the membrane measured from any direction is more than or equal to 0.05 micron or less than or equal to 0.50 micron.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mould for cold forging and manufacture method thereof, relate to following technology in more detail, that is, by mould for cold forging being carried out bead or form coating, and suppress to utilize the sticking type of the moulding product (high-tensile steel) that mould for cold forging forges.
Background technology
In order to reduce the CO of vehicle
2Discharge capacity, guarantee crashworthiness, need make car body lighting, high rigidization, the utilization rate of high-tensile steel rises rapidly.Yet, because high-tensile steel has high strength, so utilizing mould for cold forging high-tensile steel to be carried out under the situation of punch process, steel and mould for cold forging produce fierce friction, generation oil film deficiency, it is small hot sticky that steel and mould for cold forging are produced, and produce the defective that is called sticking type (at the moulding product, be the muscle shape slight crack that produces on the high-tensile steel).Form the moulding product of this defective, can't use as product.
Therefore, in order to address this problem, attempted with on mould for cold forging, be covered hard coat with the affinity difference of iron of methods such as PVD method.
In addition, the process for treating surface as prolonging die life etc. has also proposed multiple technologies at present.
For example,, carry out nitriding at die surface and handle for the warm forging mould, make on the die surface after the nitriding form by nitride layer trickle concavo-convex.Then, when warm forging,, apply lubricant at this die surface in order to suppress the wearing and tearing of mould.Lubricant is the powder that graphite or BN etc. have a solid lubrication effect is diluted in the water and forms, and lubricant carries out to the mould spraying by in warm forging the time to the coating of die surface.
Coated lubricant enter by nitride layer form trickle concavo-convex in, utilize this lubricant that enters in concavo-convex can keep lubrication, suppress the wearing and tearing of mould.In addition, though nitride layer peel off, if make the die surface oxidation by the heat in forging, then the surface after the oxidation also can with nitride layer similarly form trickle concavo-convex, by this concavo-convex maintenance lubricant.Therefore, even nitride layer is peeled off the wearing and tearing that also can suppress mould.
Yet, forming by nitride layer under the concavo-convex situation, there is the inadequate problem of inhibition effect of wearing and tearing.Therefore, in recent years, in order to suppress the wearing and tearing of mould, Application and Development will be harder than nitride layer hard coat (CrN, TiAlN etc.) overlayed on the technology of die surface.
As the technology that forms the CrN overlay film, following hot-working or warm processing mold are for example disclosed in patent documentation 1, after it uses diamond paste (#3000 mesh) that the surface roughness adjustment is carried out on the surface of die matrix material, form nitriding layer, utilize the multi sphere method to form the hardened layer that constitutes by CrN after cleaning.In addition, disclose following mold and pattern for casting tool in patent documentation 2, it forms the surface treatment film that is made of CrN at the inwall of the die cavity that is used to inject motlten metal.
In addition, as other process for treating surface that can prolong die life etc., proposed to carry out the technology of bead.
For example, following technology is disclosed in patent documentation 3, promptly, by the mould (SKD, SKH) after the heat treated (also comprising nitriding processing, carbo-nitriding processing etc.), throw projection material (particle diameter is 125 μ m) with the common shot-peening size of the identical proportion of iron class projection material second with 60～100m/, thereby obtain level and smooth die surface, obtain maximum residual compressive stress value simultaneously.
In addition, following technology is disclosed in patent documentation 4, promptly, on instruments such as axle or mould, form nitriding layer or TiN hard coat, thereon by carry out bead second with shot-peening particle diameter 40～200 μ m, shot-peening jet velocity 100m/, thereby the wearing and tearing or the hairline that suppress axle are realized long lifetime.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens flat 11-092909
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 10-137915
Patent documentation 3: the spy opens 2003-191166
Patent documentation 4: the spy opens 2003-253422
Summary of the invention
Yet, overlayed on the above-mentioned mould for cold forging and hard coat iron affinity difference, owing to be subjected to strong friction, make the hard coat wearing and tearing of mould for cold forging, finally cause and peel off, thereby can't give full play to the effect that suppresses sticking type.
In addition, be used to suppress the hard coat (CrN, TiAIN etc.) of the wearing and tearing of above-mentioned warm forging mould, cover equably on the substrate mould, so the surface roughness of the mould after surface roughness behind the overlay film and machined or the attrition process roughly the same (smooth state).Therefore, the tack of lubricant is relatively poor, and lubricant flows, and the confining force of lubricant is low.In addition, because the oxidative resistance height of this hard coat, so that overlay film is difficult for is oxidized.Thereby, there is following problems, that is, die surface does not form trickle concavo-convex, and the confining force of lubricant is low, because lack of lubrication promotes wearing and tearing on the contrary.
In addition, disclosed warm forging or forge hot mould in the patent documentation 1, it is a main purpose with the tack of peeling off, improve that prevents cured film, and is provided with the CrN hardened layer.In order to improve tack, it is concavo-convex that the surface is not had, level and smooth more good more, therefore for the formation method of the hard coat that is used to improve adhesive force, from the viewpoint of wearability, the confining force that still can't solve lubricant is low, because lack of lubrication promotes this problem of wearing and tearing on the contrary.
In addition, disclosed mold and pattern for casting tool in the patent documentation 2, its with reduce casting material adhere to or pulling capacity when piling up, reducing the foundry goods demoulding is a main purpose, replacement releasing agent and form CrN obtains good release property.In order to improve release property, it is concavo-convex, level and smooth to wish that the surface does not have as much as possible.Basically, the mold and pattern for casting tool is different fully on purposes with mould with forging.
In addition, disclosed bead technology in the patent documentation 3 and 4 all is to carry out bead after die surface is by formation hard layers such as nitriding processing.In addition, the bead technology in the patent documentation 3 and 4 is by giving the generation that residual compressive stress suppresses surface checking, improving fatigue strength.Therefore,, use disclosed bead technology in the patent documentation 3 and 4, on hard layer, carry out bead, the problem that then exists the hard layer that forms by nitriding processing etc. to ftracture if can to keep the concavo-convex of good lubricant confining force be purpose to form.
The present invention In view of the foregoing proposes, its purpose is to provide a kind of mould for cold forging and manufacture method thereof, wearing and tearing by the hard coat that prevents to form or peel off on the surface of mould for cold forging, thus can suppress to utilize the sticking type of the moulding product that mould for cold forging forges.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the present inventor studies the method that is used to prevent the wearing and tearing on mould for cold forging surface or peel off, suppress the sticking type of moulding product, covers the mould design surface if draw with hard coat, then can make the conclusion of die surface hardening.In addition, the present inventor draws as drawing a conclusion: if before lining forms hard coat, form concavo-convex by bead in the mould design surface, when then being covered hard coat thereon, its concaveconvex shape can be reflected on the hard coat, make also form on this hard coat concavo-convex, this concavo-convex confining force that can the long term maintenance lubricant that forms by hard coat.The conclusion that draws thus is, the wearing and tearing on the mould for cold forging surface in the time of can significantly preventing punch process or peel off, and can also suppress the sticking type of moulding product simultaneously.
The present invention is based on this conclusion and proposes.The invention provides a kind of mould for cold forging, it comprises the overlay film that is arranged on the single or multiple lift on the mould design surface, this overlay film is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal; And containing a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al, the surface roughness Ra of above-mentioned overlay film is measured from any direction and all is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.
In above-mentioned mould for cold forging, can make the thickness of above-mentioned overlay film be less than or equal to 20 μ m more than or equal to 1 μ m.
In above-mentioned any one mould for cold forging, also can carry out the nitriding that case depth is less than or equal to 200 μ m to above-mentioned mould design surface.
And, in above-mentioned any one mould for cold forging, preferably by bead above-mentioned mould design surface form concavo-convex after, form above-mentioned overlay film.
At this moment, the blasting media in the time of can making above-mentioned bead throws with the velocity of projection that is less than or equal to 100m/ second.
In addition, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of mould for cold forging, it comprises: concavo-convex formation operation, it forms concavo-convex on the mould design surface by bead, surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m; And overlay film forms operation, it is after carrying out above-mentioned concavo-convex formation operation, on above-mentioned mould design surface, form the overlay film of single or multiple lift by the PVD method, this overlay film is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al.
In addition, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, the invention provides the manufacture method of another kind of mould for cold forging, it comprises: concavo-convex formation operation before the lining, and it forms concavo-convex on the mould design surface by bead; Overlay film forms operation, it is before carrying out above-mentioned lining after the concavo-convex formation operation, on above-mentioned mould design surface, form the overlay film of single or multiple lift by the PVD method, this overlay film is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al; And the lining recurve convexes into operation, and it is carrying out after above-mentioned overlay film forms operation, forms concavo-convexly on above-mentioned overlay film by bead, surface roughness Ra measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.
The effect of invention
Mould for cold forging involved in the present invention, hard because possess the concavo-convex hard coat that is formed with the regulation surface roughness Ra by the protuberance that hard coat constitutes in the mould design surface, and have the surface roughness Ra of regulation, so not easy to wear.In addition, what form on hard coat is concavo-convex, because have the surface roughness Ra of regulation, so the confining force of lubricant is good, can reduce friction.Thereby what form on hard coat is concavo-convex, and confining force that can the long term maintenance lubricant can prevent the wearing and tearing of hard coat or peels off, and therefore can prevent small hot sticky of moulding product and mould for cold forging generation, can suppress the sticking type of moulding product thus.That is, mould for cold forging involved in the present invention by the Overlay of hard coat and surface roughness Ra (concavo-convex), can prevent the wearing and tearing of hard coat or peels off, and can suppress the sticking type of moulding product.Thereby mould for cold forging involved in the present invention can prolong die life, can realize the cost that reduces this mould for cold forging and utilize its various moulding product that forge.
The manufacture method of mould for cold forging involved in the present invention because have said structure, all is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m so the surface roughness Ra of die surface is measured from any direction.By the mould for cold forging that this method obtains, can obtain the effect identical with mould for cold forging involved in the present invention.
In addition, the manufacture method of mould for cold forging involved in the present invention because carry out bead before hard coat forms, so compare with the situation of carrying out bead after hard coat forms, has the effect that hard coat can not ftracture.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of section of the surface portion of expression mould for cold forging 1.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the shape of expression employed drift of shape for hat bend test and punch die.
Fig. 3 is expression shape for hat bend test result's a curve map, be with and surface roughness Ra between relation the curve map that the processing number before the sticking type takes place workpiece is shown.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing an embodiment of the invention are elaborated.
(mould for cold forging)
The mould for cold forging 1 that an embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1 are related, as long as be made of the cold mould steel and the improvement steel thereof that with JIS SKD11 are representative, material does not have particular determination.
Mould for cold forging 1 has the hard coat 3 of single or multiple lift on mould design surface 2, this hard coat 3 is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al.Make hard coat 3 be for above-mentioned material because, and merely mould design surface 2 is carried out nitriding and compares hardlyer, therefore not easy to wear, promptly wearability is outstanding.In addition, its reason also is, if hard coat 3 is not easy to wear, can prevent that then it from peeling off, and prevents that forging the moulding product (high-tensile steel) that obtain by mould for cold forging 1 occurs small hot stickyly, suppresses to glue type.Certainly, mould design surface 2 also can be carried out the nitriding that case depth is less than or equal to 200 μ m.
The surface roughness Ra of mould design surface 2 is measured from any direction and all is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.It is for this surface roughness Ra is reflected on " surface roughness Ra of the hard coat 3 that forms on the surface of mould design surface 2 " that the surface roughness Ra of mould design surface 2 is dropped in this scope.Its reason is, the surface roughness Ra of the hard coat 3 that reflects, if less than 0.05 μ m, then can't obtain the sufficient confining force of lubricant, almost do not prevent the effect of hard coat 3 wearing and tearing, if and surpass 0.50 μ m, then because die surface 4 concavo-convex excessive can promote sticking type on the contrary.Therefore, the surface roughness Ra of mould design surface 2 is dropped in this scope.The surface roughness Ra of mould design surface 2 further is preferably greater than or equals 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m.Certainly, as long as the surface roughness Ra of hard coat 3 is dropped in the above-mentioned scope, the surface roughness Ra of mould design surface 2 is not limited to above-mentioned scope.
Hard coat 3 contacts when punching press with by moulding material (workpiece), and surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction and all is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.Make the surface roughness Ra of hard coat 3 drop on this scope be because, if less than 0.05 μ m, then can't obtain the sufficient confining force of lubricant, almost do not prevent the effect of hard coat 3 wearing and tearing, if and surpass 0.50 μ m, then because die surface 4 concavo-convex excessive can promote sticking type on the contrary.The surface roughness Ra of hard coat 3 further is preferably greater than or equals 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m.
The thickness of hard coat 3 is that all preferred integral body of individual layer or multilayer is less than or equal to 20 μ m more than or equal to 1 μ m.The thickness of hard coat 3 is dropped in this scope be because, if less than 1 μ m, prevent that then the wearing and tearing of hard coat 3 or the effect of peeling off are little, and if surpass 20 μ m, the time lengthening that then is covered, economic aspect is unfavorable.Constituting under the situation of hard coat 3 with multilayer, its lamination order is not particularly limited.
(manufacture method of mould for cold forging)
The mould for cold forging 1 that an embodiment of the invention are related, for example, can use with JIS SKD11 to be the cold mould steel of representative and the mould of improvement steel formation thereof, the order that forms operation according to following (1) concavo-convex formation operation and (2) overlay film is made.In addition, carry out (3) described later the lining recurve convex under the situation of operation, with following (1) concavo-convex formation operation be called especially the lining before concavo-convex formation operation.
(1) concavo-convex formation operation (concavo-convex formation operation before the lining)
In concavo-convex formation operation, on mould design surface 2, form concavo-convex by bead, its surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m (further be preferably greater than or equal 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m) more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.If this is concavo-convex as the machined into face, have concavo-convexly from a direction, and do not have concavo-convexly from other direction, then can't obtain effect.Therefore, form concavo-convex in the mode that is the surface roughness Ra of regulation from any direction measurement.For this reason, bead can be carried out in the following manner, promptly, blasting media is throwed to be less than or equal to the 100m/ velocity of projection of second (speed when being about to surface collision), the projection pressure (pressure that begins throw) of blasting media to be less than or equal to 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa that perhaps metal diameter is less than or equal to 100 μ m is less than or equal to the projection distance of 300mm and throws more than or equal to 100mm.
Under the situation of concavo-convex formation operation before concavo-convex formation operation is equivalent to be covered (carrying out the situation that aftermentioned (3) lining recurve convexes into operation), convex in the operation at the lining recurve, surface roughness Ra is as long as be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m, therefore the surface roughness Ra before being covered during concavo-convex formation operation does not have particular determination, but is preferably greater than or equals 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m.Thereby, bead can be by carrying out metal system blasting media with the velocity of projection projection of 100m/ second, perhaps preferably the blasting media by metal diameter being less than or equal to 100 μ m is less than or equal to the projection distance projection of 300mm and carries out to be less than or equal to the projection pressure of 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa more than or equal to 100mm.
In addition, no matter under above-mentioned which kind of situation, all make velocity of projection be less than or equal to 100m/ second, be in order to make the surface roughness Ra optimization, and can not make it excessive, sticking type is worsened.Simultaneously, velocity of projection surpasses 100m/ this condition second, though help to improve fatigue strength, can make surface roughness Ra excessive.
In addition, before carrying out bead, can carry out the nitriding that case depth is less than or equal to 200 μ m to mould design surface 2 in advance.Its reason is, makes the die surface sclerosis, to improve the tack of overlay film.
(2) overlay film forms operation
Lining below forms in the operation, utilize PVD method or CVD method on mould design surface 2, to form the hard coat 3 of single or multiple lift, this hard coat 3 is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, the W) metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al.Because hard coat 3 is formed on and forms on the irregular mould design surface 2 by bead, so the concaveconvex shape of mould design surface 2 is reflected as the surface configuration of hard coat 3.Thereby, the surface roughness Ra of hard coat 3 becomes and is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m (further be preferably greater than or equal 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m) more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.Perhaps, for hard coat 3, convex under the situation of operation carrying out aftermentioned (3) lining recurve, convex into bead in the operation by the lining recurve, the surface roughness Ra of hard coat 3 is become be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m (further be preferably greater than or equal 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m) more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.
In addition, the surface roughness Ra of preferred hard coat 3 is when any two directions are measured, and its difference is in 50%.
Hard coat 3 with above structure is because protuberance is hard and have the surface roughness Ra of regulation, so not easy to wear.In addition, because concavo-convex surface roughness Ra with regulation, so the confining force of lubricant is good.Thereby, can prevent the wearing and tearing of hard coat or peel off, the concavo-convex confining force that can the long term maintenance lubricant that on this hard coat, forms.Like this, if hard coat 3 is not easy to wear, can keep the confining force of lubricant, then can reduce friction, can prevent peeling off of hard coat 3, the moulding product (high-tensile steel) that can prevent to utilize mould for cold forging 1 to forge occur small hot sticky, can suppress sticking type.
As the PVD method of carrying out, can adopt in vacuum evaporation, ion plating, the sputter evaporation any one, special preferred ion plating in order to form hard coat 3.Ion plating method is that the metal after the evaporation is carried out ionization, under reactant gas atmosphere, utilize electric field to quicken this metal ion and on attached to item for disposal surface (mould design surface 2), as the method that makes evaporation of metal, can adopt the method for cathode arc discharge or in the hollow cathode formula any one.Preferred ion plating is because compare with the CVD method, can handle with lower temperature, therefore can prevent to mould for cold forging 1 by heat affecting cause softening, can reduce the strain of quenching and causing by again.In addition, can also adopt resistance heated evaporation, electron beam evaporation plating, molecular beam epitaxy.
Forming under the situation of hard coat 3 by ion plating method, the voltage of electric field that Ionized metal is quickened is 10～500V.In addition, can use hydrocarbon gas or nitrogen such as methane as reactant gas, its pressure is selected to get final product from 0.1～10Pa.
At this moment, no matter preferred hard coat 3 is individual layer or multilayer, all makes whole thickness be less than or equal to 20 μ m more than or equal to 1 μ m.Under the situation of multilayer, change kind from lower layer side in order to upper layer side and carry out the PVD method repeatedly and get final product.
In addition, also can before forming hard coat 3, carry out ion exposure to mould design surface 2.In this case, preferably use the metal ion or the Ar ion of 4A family (Ti, Zr, Hf), 5A family (V, Nb, Ta), 6A family (Cr, Mo, W) metal etc. to carry out, the voltage of electric field of speeding-up ion is 500～2000V during this ion exposure.
At the resulting mould for cold forging 1 of the operation of carrying out above-mentioned (1) and (2), can also carry out following (3) lining recurve and convex into operation.
(3) the lining recurve convexes into operation
Lining recurve below convexes in the operation, on hard coat 3, form concavo-convex by bead, surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m (further be preferably greater than or equal 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m) more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.If this is concavo-convex as the machined into face, have concavo-convexly from a direction, and do not have concavo-convexly from other direction, then can't obtain effect.Therefore, form concavo-convex in the mode that is the surface roughness Ra of regulation from any direction measurement.For this reason, bead can be carried out in the following manner, promptly, pottery system or the glass system blasting media velocity of projection with 100m/ second is throwed, perhaps the blasting media that is less than or equal to 100 μ m by the diameter with pottery system or glass system is to be less than or equal to the projection pressure of 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa, and the projection distance that is less than or equal to 300mm more than or equal to 100mm throws.Here, do not use metal system blasting media and use pottery system or glass system blasting media, though be because hard coat 3 is the more crisp of hard, if therefore use metal system blasting media then hard coat 3 is ftractureed.In addition, make blasting media be based on reason same as described above with the velocity of projection projection that is less than or equal to 100m/ second.
The reason that also convexes into operation by the lining recurve and further carry out bead is, promote that trickle concavo-convex (surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m, further be preferably greater than or equal 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m) formation, simultaneously by giving residual compressive stress to the surface of mould design surface 2 and hard coat 3, thereby improve the tack of hard coat 3, and then the die life of improving mould for cold forging 1.
In addition, also has following reason.If in overlay film formation operation, carry out ion plating, then can evaporatively not adhere to hemispheric so-called droplet on the surface of hard coat 3 with liquid condition.This droplet can not play maintaining part, therefore for its removal, carries out bead and get final product after forming hard coat 3.
(effect)
Manufacture method according to above-mentioned mould for cold forging, on mould design surface 2, form concavo-convex by bead, surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m, and form hard coat 3 by PVD thereon more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.Thereby, make the concaveconvex shape of mould design surface 2 be reflected as the surface configuration of hard coat 3, the surface roughness Ra of hard coat 3 is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.The mould for cold forging of making like this 1 is because the protuberance that forms on hard coat 3 is hard and have the surface roughness Ra of regulation, so not easy to wear.In addition, because the concavo-convex surface roughness Ra with regulation that on hard coat 3, forms, so the confining force of lubricant is good.Thereby, by constitute by hard coat 3 concavo-convex and keep the confining force of lubricant chronically.
Like this, if hard coat 3 is not easy to wear, can keep the confining force of lubricant, then can prevent peeling off of hard coat 3, the moulding product (high-tensile steel) that can prevent to utilize mould for cold forging 1 to forge occur small hot sticky, can suppress sticking type.
By above-mentioned Overlay, mould for cold forging 1 can suppress wearing and tearing, prolongs die life, realizes that the quality of moulding product improves.
If the mould for cold forging 1 that is formed with hard coat 3 is further carried out bead, then be less than or equal to the so concavo-convex formation of 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m except the surface roughness Ra that can further promote hard coat 3, improve outside the tack by giving residual compressive stress, can also remove droplet.Thus,, the wearing and tearing of hard coat 3 can be prevented further or peel off that it is small hot sticky to prevent that the moulding product (high-tensile steel) that utilize mould for cold forging 1 to forge from occurring, and can suppress sticking type for mould for cold forging 1.By above-mentioned Overlay, mould for cold forging 1 can suppress wearing and tearing, prolongs die life, realizes that the quality of moulding product improves.
[embodiment]
Below, embodiments of the invention and Comparative Examples are described.
(making of drift and punch die)
For embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 1～5, modified JISSKD11 for 59HRC processed prepare drift shown in Figure 2 and punch die.
Subsequently, to the substrate surface (part that is represented by dotted lines among Fig. 2) of the punch die of embodiment 1,4,6,9～11,13,16,17,18 and Comparative Examples 2～4, carry out the hardened layer integral thickness respectively and be the plasma nitriding of 0.05mm and handle.
Then, form small concavo-convex by bead projection blasting media to the punch die surface (part that is represented by dotted lines among Fig. 2) of embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 2～5.At this moment, for embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 3～5, bead is to use the particle diameter of steel to be less than or equal to the blasting media of 100 μ m, carries out with the velocity of projection of 100m/ second.At this moment, projection pressure is less than or equal to 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa, and projection distance is less than or equal to 300mm more than or equal to 100mm.For Comparative Examples 2, the particle diameter that is to use steel is the blasting media of 500 μ m, carries out with the velocity of projection of 150m/ second.At this moment, projection pressure is less than or equal to 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa, and projection distance is less than or equal to 300mm more than or equal to 100mm.
Then, to the punch die surface (part that is represented by dotted lines among Fig. 2) of embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 1～3, with ion plating method lining hard coat.At this moment, the voltage of electric field that carries out argon ion bombardment is 500～1000V, and the voltage of electric field that is covered is 50～300V, and the pressure of reactant gas is 1～10Pa.The actual conditions of each embodiment and each Comparative Examples is corresponding with overlay film kind shown in the table 1 etc. and choose from above-mentioned condition.Under the situation of multilayer (embodiment 13～15), carry out ion plating method repeatedly.In addition, the multilayer overlay film of embodiment 13～15, the overlay film in the left side in this table of lining earlier, the overlay film on the right side that is covered subsequently.That is, if be example with embodiment 13, lining TiN earlier then, CrN then is covered.
Then, to the punch die surface (part that is represented by dotted lines among Fig. 2) of embodiment 4,5,7,8,11,14,15,17,18 and Comparative Examples 2～5, form small concavo-convex once more on the surface by bead.At this moment, for each embodiment and Comparative Examples 3～5, bead is to use the particle diameter of pottery system or glass system to be less than or equal to the blasting media of 100 μ m, carries out with the velocity of projection of 100m/ second.At this moment, projection pressure is less than or equal to 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa, and projection distance is less than or equal to 300mm more than or equal to 100mm.For Comparative Examples 2, the particle diameter that is to use glass system is the blasting media of 500 μ m, carries out with the velocity of projection of 150m/ second.At this moment, projection pressure is less than or equal to 0.6MPa more than or equal to 0.1MPa, and projection distance is less than or equal to 300mm more than or equal to 100mm.
Obtain the drift and the punch die of embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 1～5 by above step.In addition, only dotted portion among Fig. 2 being carried out surface treatment, is because can prevent small hot stickyly in other parts, and sticking type can not take place.
Subsequently, to embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 1～5, measure overlay film thickness (μ m), the surface roughness Ra (μ m) of the punch die surface shown in this figure (part that is represented by dotted lines among Fig. 2).Surface roughness Ra is to be standard with JIS B 0601, the result who measures from the both direction of any quadrature.Its result gathers in table 1 and illustrates.
(shape for hat bend test)
For embodiment 1～18 and Comparative Examples 1～5, use drift and punch die shown in Figure 2, carry out the shape for hat bend test under the following conditions.The shape for hat bend test is at the following high-tensile steel as workpiece, changes a workpiece at every turn and carries out repeatedly, until producing sticking type.
＜shape for hat bend test condition 〉
(1) stroke 50mm
(2) workpiece 980MPa level high-tensile steel, thickness are 1.5mm, no surface treatment
(3) antirust oil that applies with hairbrush of lubricant
(4) the material SKD11 of mould for cold forging (drift and punch die)
Number before sticking type takes place workpiece is shown in the table 1 in the lump.
The result of the shape for hat bend test shown in the table 1 is shown with curve map among Fig. 3.The curve map of Fig. 3 with and surface roughness Ra between relation processing number before sticking type takes place workpiece is shown.
[table 1]
For hard coat, what XXX/YYY represented is, XXX is a lower layer side, and YYY is a upper layer side.
Surface roughness is the result who measures from the both direction of quadrature.
The substrate nitriding is to be illustrated on the punch die to have carried out nitriding before the formation overlay film.
(evaluation)
At first, according to Comparative Examples 1～3 and Comparative Examples 4,5 more as can be known, if as Comparative Examples 1～3, form hard coat, then regardless of their surface roughness Ra, compare with the residual compressive stress of giving merely of carrying out nitriding or Comparative Examples 5 merely of Comparative Examples 4, the preceding processing number of the sticking type of generation is significantly increased.Therefore, the formation of hard coat is effective to suppressing sticking type as can be known.In addition, relatively Comparative Examples 4 and 5 has been carried out the substrate nitriding and has been compared with not carrying out the substrate nitriding as can be known, and the preceding processing number of sticking type takes place significantly to be increased, so the substrate nitriding also is effective to suppressing sticking type.
At first, the few reason of processing number before the sticking type of the generation of Comparative Examples 1 can be described as, the Comparative Examples 1 preceding shot-peening that both be not covered, and the back shot-peening that also is not covered, so compare with embodiment 1～18, its surface roughness Ra is too small.In other words, its reason can be described as, because the surface roughness Ra of Comparative Examples 1 is too small, so the confining force of lubricant is low, perhaps repel lubricant, make hard coat produce wearing and tearing easily or peel off, workpiece (high-tensile steel) and punch die take place small hot sticky, and sticking type takes place.
Secondly, for Comparative Examples 2, though both carried out shot-peening before the lining, also carried out lining back shot-peening, the preceding still less reason of processing number of sticking type has taken place can be described as, to compare surface roughness Ra excessive with embodiment 1～18.In other words, its reason can be described as, because the surface roughness Ra of Comparative Examples 2 is excessive, so promote the wearing and tearing of concavo-convex protuberance, is easy to generate and peels off, and it is small hot sticky that workpiece (high-tensile steel) and punch die are taken place, and sticking type takes place.In addition, can also think,, cause surface roughness Ra excessive because the velocity of projection of Comparative Examples 2 is 150m/ second as the reason that this result occurs.
Once more, for Comparative Examples 3, though both carried out the preceding shot-peening of lining, also carried out lining back shot-peening, and surface roughness Ra does not have too big difference with embodiment 1～18 yet, but the still less reason of processing number that takes place before the sticking type can be described as, and surface roughness Ra is in directions X and Y direction variant (roughness has anisotropy).In other words, its reason can be described as, because the surface roughness Ra of Comparative Examples 3 has the roughness anisotropy, so lubricant flows to certain direction, its result, the confining force of lubricant dies down, and makes hard coat produce wearing and tearing easily or peels off, high-tensile steel and punch die take place small hot sticky, and sticking type takes place.
Relative therewith, for embodiment 1～18, hard coat forms concavo-convex, its protuberance is hard, and form the concavo-convex of regulation surface roughness Ra (being less than or equal to 0.50 μ m) more than or equal to 0.05 μ m, recess forms the maintenance position of lubricant, and friction is reduced, and hard coat is difficult for producing wearing and tearing or peeling off.In addition, among the embodiment 1～18, the concavo-convex surface roughness Ra (being less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m) that drops on regulation under the situation that both direction is measured at least arbitrarily, so the confining force of lubricant is good.Thereby, embodiment 1～18 is by the Overlay of hard coat and surface roughness Ra (concavo-convex), compare with Comparative Examples 1～5, can further suppress the wearing and tearing of hard coat or peel off, can keep the confining force of lubricant, its result can suppress workpiece (high-tensile steel) and punch die and take place small hot stickyly, can suppress the generation of sticking type thus.
In addition, according to the curve map of Fig. 3,, can confirm that the generation of embodiment 1,16 is glued the preceding processing number of type significantly more than Comparative Examples 2 with the ground that comes to the same thing shown in the table 1.In addition, comparing embodiment 1,18 the two as can be known, carried out lining back shot-peening and the back shot-peening that is not covered is compared, the processing number that takes place on the whole before the sticking type has the tendency that increases.From the curve map of Fig. 3 as can be known, the surface roughness Ra of hard coat is preferably greater than or equals 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m, further be preferably greater than or equal 0.05 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.30 μ m, more preferably greater than or equal 0.10 μ m and be less than or equal to 0.25 μ m.
More than, an embodiment of the invention are illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to the situation of above-mentioned enforcement.
Industrial applicibility
Mould for cold forging involved in the present invention and manufacture method thereof can be by suppressing mould Wearing and tearing and improve die life, improve the quality of products formed, therefore for mould manufacturer or use Mould is made the manufacturer of various products, and industrial applicibility is high.
Claims (8)
1. a mould for cold forging is characterized in that,
It comprises the overlay film that is arranged on the single or multiple lift on the mould design surface, this overlay film is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family, 5A family, the 6A family metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family, 5A family, the 6A family metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al, and wherein, above-mentioned 4A family is meant Ti, Zr, Hf, and 5A family is meant V, Nb, Ta, and 6A family is meant Cr, Mo, W,
The surface roughness Ra of above-mentioned overlay film is measured from any direction and all is less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.
2. mould for cold forging according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The thickness of above-mentioned overlay film is less than or equal to 20 μ m more than or equal to 1 μ m.
3. mould for cold forging according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned mould design surface has been carried out the nitriding that case depth is less than or equal to 200 μ m.
4. mould for cold forging according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned mould design surface has been carried out the nitriding that case depth is less than or equal to 200 μ m.
5. according to any described mould for cold forging in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that,
By bead above-mentioned mould design surface form concavo-convex after, form above-mentioned overlay film.
6. mould for cold forging according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Blasting media during above-mentioned bead is to throw with the velocity of projection that is less than or equal to 100m/ second.
7. the manufacture method of a mould for cold forging, it comprises:
Concavo-convex formation operation, it forms concavo-convex on the mould design surface by bead, surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m; And
Overlay film forms operation, it is after carrying out above-mentioned concavo-convex formation operation, on above-mentioned mould design surface, form the overlay film of single or multiple lift by the PVD method, this overlay film is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family, 5A family, the 6A family metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family, 5A family, the 6A family metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al, and wherein, above-mentioned 4A family is meant Ti, Zr, Hf, and 5A family is meant V, Nb, Ta, and 6A family is meant Cr, Mo, W.
8. the manufacture method of a mould for cold forging, it comprises:
Concavo-convex formation operation before the lining, it forms concavo-convex on the mould design surface by bead;
Overlay film forms operation, it is before carrying out above-mentioned lining after the concavo-convex formation operation, on above-mentioned mould design surface, form the overlay film of single or multiple lift by the PVD method, this overlay film is made of a kind of, two or more material of selecting from following group, and this group comprises: the carbide, nitride or the carbonitride that contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family, 5A family, the 6A family metal; And contain a kind of, two or more metal in 4A family, 5A family, the 6A family metal and the nitride of one or both elements among Si and the Al, and wherein, above-mentioned 4A family is meant Ti, Zr, Hf, and 5A family is meant V, Nb, Ta, and 6A family is meant Cr, Mo, W; And
The lining recurve convexes into operation, and it is after carrying out above-mentioned overlay film formation operation, and formation is concavo-convex on above-mentioned overlay film by bead, surface roughness Ra is measured from any direction all be less than or equal to 0.50 μ m more than or equal to 0.05 μ m.
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| JP2007230125A JP2009061465A (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2007-09-05 | Metallic mold for cold forging and its manufacturing method |
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| JPS63108930A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1988-05-13 | Toshiba Corp | Manufacture of metallic die |
| JPH02254144A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1990-10-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of coated cutting tool having excellent wear resistance and chipping resistance |
| WO1999024633A1 (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-05-20 | Daido Steel Co., Ltd. | Stainless steel coated with intermetallic compound and process for producing the same |
| JP4311803B2 (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2009-08-12 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Surface coating mold and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP4502622B2 (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2010-07-14 | 九州電力株式会社 | Thermal spraying method |
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| JP2009061465A (en) | 2009-03-26 |
| CN101380659B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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