CN102127733A - Warm forging die and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Warm forging die and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102127733A CN102127733A CN2011100231159A CN201110023115A CN102127733A CN 102127733 A CN102127733 A CN 102127733A CN 2011100231159 A CN2011100231159 A CN 2011100231159A CN 201110023115 A CN201110023115 A CN 201110023115A CN 102127733 A CN102127733 A CN 102127733A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a warm forging die which comprises a wearing-resistant coating provided on a design surface of the die, wherein the wearing-resistant coating is a multi-layer coating which is formed through alternatively laminating a first layer which is composed of (AlxCr1-x)N (wherein 0<x<1) and a second layer that is composed of (TiyAl1-y)N (wherein 0<y<1) through an ion plating method. The thicknesses of the first layer and the second layer which are adjacent with each other are respectively 15 nm or less. Furthermore a total coating thickness of the multi-layer coating is 1-20 mu m. The warm forging die can be manufactured with a method which comprises the following steps: a step of forming a reactive atmosphere of nitrogen in a vacuum chamber; a step of configuring a first target material composed of AlxCr1-x (wherein 0<x<1) and a second target material composed of TiyAl1-y(wherein 0<y<1) so the first target material and the second target material are opposite with each other, and independently forming a first atmosphere area and a second atmosphere area respectively before each target material, wherein the composition atoms of the target material are ionized in the first atmosphere area and the second atmosphere area; and a step of rotating the design surface of the mold thereby depositing alternately through the first atmosphere area and the second atmosphere area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to warm forging mould and manufacture method thereof; Relate in particular to the excellent warm forging mould of excellent in abrasion resistance and oxidation-resistance and thermal fatigue (as heat-resisting crackle), with and manufacture method.
Background technology
In parting tool, cold forging die etc., expectation is handled (for example, nitriding treatment and shot peening) by surface hardening and is improved its wear resistance.Along with the present demand higher to processing accuracy, people need handle aspect wear resistance in more excellent surface hardening.As one of them, carried out such surface hardening and handled: will be imparted on the pending material by the high rigidity top coat that the PVD method obtains.
For example, patent documentation JP-A-7-20536 1 has described the aluminum oxide coating that is formed by the PVD method and has had very excellent abrasive, but is difficult to form stable coating.On the other hand, though its nitride of also having described Ti, Hf, Zr etc. can form stable coating, their wear resistance is relatively poor, and particularly the wear resistance in high-speed cutting is used is relatively poor.Based on this, patent documentation 1 discloses on pending material laminated coating is provided, this laminated coating is by adopting the PVD method, under the lamination cycle condition of 0.4nm to 50nm, obtain at the last lamination the first layer (it is made up of at least a compound in special metal element nitride, oxide compound, carbide, carbonitride and the boride of (comprising Al and Si)) of the second layer (its nitride by the alloy that comprises two kinds of special metal elements (comprising Al and Si), oxide compound, carbide, carbonitride and/or boride constitute).According to description, this laminated coating can stably form by the PVD method, thereby it has high rigidity and gives good wear resistance, in addition, because this laminated coating has excellent interface consistence, so phenomenon seldom occurs peeling off, the result can give more excellent abrasive of pending material.
Described in patent documentation JP-A-7-205361, usually by adopting the PVD method to provide laminated coating to tool steel, suppress from the teeth outwards or the crackle that occurs in the laminated coating spreads along laminating direction in the multilayer interface, make and compare that laminated coating can improve shock-resistance etc. with single-layer coating.That is to say, impact the coating failure occur or peel off because of applying in the time of can being suppressed at as instrument, thereby can give better wear resistance.
For example, patent documentation JP-A-6-136514 discloses the wear-resistant coating that is used for Work tool, and this wear-resistant coating is that employing PVD method will be by TiC
xN
1-xThe first layer that (0≤x≤0.6) constitutes and by (Al
yTi
1-y) (N
zC
1-z) (0.56≤y≤0.75,0.6≤z≤1) second layer of constituting alternately is adjacent to be laminated into four layers or more multi-layered and obtain, and total coat-thickness is 0.6 μ m to 12 μ m.According to description, can reduce or be suppressed at the growth of the crackle that near surface occurs by this laminated coating structure, thereby can suppress the fracture of coating or peel off, therefore can give good wear resistance.
In addition, the coating that obtains by ion plating method (it is a kind of of PVD method) is fine and close and has high rigidity, therefore it is said that this coating has better wear resistance.On the other hand, for example, when patent documentation JP-A-10-76407 has described thickness more than coating has to a certain degree, because the residual compressive stress that it is high, so this dense coating reduces the adhesivity of pending material, thereby cause being difficult to form coating with a certain actual (real) thickness raising wear resistance in the equilibrated mode.Based on this, patent documentation JP-A-10-76407 discloses and has a kind ofly provided the instrument of laminated coating by ion plating method, wherein the second layer alternatively laminated of forming by the first layer that will be made up of the nitride (or carbonitride) of Ti with different orientations with by the nitride (or carbonitride) of AlTi and specific middle layer is set between the first layer and the second layer obtains this laminated coating.According to description, can under the situation that does not improve residual compressive stress, form by the different coatings of two kinds of laminations orientation and have the densification of actual (real) thickness and the coating of high rigidity, thereby can under the adhering situation that does not weaken pending material, obtain having the coating of high-wearing feature.
Incidentally, in patent documentation JP-A-10-76407, mentioned and obtained preferential growth orientation when crystal growth, the coating that Here it is is obtained by ion plating method has the reason of high residual compressive stress.That is to say that formation has the coating of columnar crystal structure, and a columnar grain forms the considerably less monocrystalline of subsurface defect.These crystal continuous ground form coating, and residual compressive stress increases along with the increase of coat-thickness.
In addition, be similar to parting tool etc., in the warm forging mould, also can run into machinery wear problems when forging.Wearing and tearing in order to suppress to forge for each forging process, are used this mould after lubricant is applied to the Mould design surface repeatedly.On the other hand, because the Mould design surface is heated (owing to contact heat) with high-temperature material to be forged repeatedly and is cooled off (cooling off owing to applying lubricant), thereby the thermal fatigue crack takes place (for example, thermal crack (heat check) or fire crack (heat crack)), this can cause the fracture that mould is big or break.Therefore people after deliberation to this warm forging mould, especially surface hardening is carried out on this Mould design surface and is handled.
For example, patent documentation JP-A-2008-223122 discloses a kind of warm forging mould, this warm forging mould obtains by following method: at alloy hot die steel (for example, SKD 61) go up and spray abrasive material and pressurized air, on the top layer of alloy hot die steel near surface, to form the nanocrystal tissue that does not have stratiform worked structure, spread under the top layer by the plasma nitrided nitrogen that makes afterwards, and further on the upper space, form the hard ceramic layer comprise chromium nitride (CrN) etc. by PVD method (comprising ion plating method).According to description, there is not the nanocrystal of stratiform worked structure tissue by giving, obtain high rigidity and improved toughness, thereby suppressed the wearing depth and the fissured formation of thermal fatigue on die design surface.Incidentally, the hard ceramic layer that comprises chromium nitride (CrN) is not the wear-resistant coating of anti-mechanical wear, but mainly has the coating of erosion resistance.
In addition, in the warm forging mould, along with to the demand of high manufacturing accuracy more, people after deliberation the surface hardening that will be provided to by the high rigidity top coat that the PVD method obtains on the pending material handle.In addition, herein, people's requirement can suppress the big fracture of the mould that caused by the thermal fatigue crack or break, and the mechanical wear when forging.
Summary of the invention
Carry out the present invention in light of this situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aspect weather resistance the warm forging mould and the manufacture method thereof of excellence, mechanical wear when this warm forging mould can pass through to suppress thermal fatigue crack (for example, thermal crack) and forging suppresses the big fracture of mould or breaks.
The inventor for nitride coatings (has for example advanced, AlCrN coating and TiAlN coating, compare with the oxidation resistance temperature of employed TiN in common wear-resistant coating and CrN, they have higher oxidation resistance temperature (1, more than 000 ℃), and, therefore have excellent abrasive owing to have a high rigidity) research.In order to give for thermal fatigue crack (for example, thermal crack) and the weather resistance of wearing and tearing when forging, the inventor expects and can obtain to have the more coating of excellent abrasive by formation laminated coating (wherein above-mentioned nitride coatings each other alternately lamination).Therefore the contriver has studied how to construct this laminated coating, (compare this coating is applicable to the warm forging mould is used with the tool applications of routine, with regard to environment for use, especially use temperature environment, the applied environment of this warm forging mould is harsher), thus realize the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of warm forging mould, it comprises and is arranged on the lip-deep wear-resistant coating of described Mould design, and wherein said wear-resistant coating is to adopt the ion plating method will be by (Al
xCr
1-x) the first layer formed of N (wherein 0＜x＜1) and by (Ti
yAl
1-y) second layer formed of N (wherein 0＜y＜1) alternatively laminated and the laminated coating that forms each other, the described the first layer adjacent one another are and the thickness of the described second layer are 15nm or littler, and total coat-thickness of described laminated coating is 1 μ m to 20 μ m.
According to the present invention, can suppress the thermal fatigue crack and the mechanical wear when forging, and can suppress the big fracture of mould or break, thereby the warm forging mould of excellent in te pins of durability can be provided.Here, (Al
xCr
1-x) N (even also having high rigidity in its wide temperature range of 400 ℃ to 1,000 ℃ when warm forging) especially adds in forging and produce high wear resistance man-hour.In addition, (Al
xCr
1-x) N and (Ti
yAl
1-y) N (even it also is stable under oxidizing atmosphere in above-mentioned temperature range) can reduce the air spots (air spots can cause the thermal fatigue crack) that is caused by oxidation, thereby suppress the big fracture of the mould that causes by the thermal fatigue crack or break.In other words, by with these (Al
xCr
1-x) N coating and (Ti
yAl
1-y) N coating combination and form laminated coating and each layer each other lamination make the size of each layer can not develop into big crackle (promptly, thickness is 15nm or littler), thereby reduced the incidence of the potential crack with this size, this makes and can suppress the big fracture of mould or break.In addition, total coat-thickness is adjusted to makes to have wear resistance and adhering scope simultaneously, that is, thickness is 1 μ m to 20 μ m.Can suppress the thermal fatigue crack and wearing and tearing when forging by aforesaid method, and can suppress the big fracture of mould or break.Thereby, the mould of the warm forging with excellent durability can be provided.
In the described in the above invention, the basic unit of above-mentioned wear-resistant coating can comprise nitrogen diffused layer.According to the present invention, improved the adhesivity between described wear-resistant coating and the described basic unit, and can be reduced in the inner residual compressive stress that generates of wear-resistant coating, fracture takes place or peel off thereby can be suppressed at when forging coating, and can be suppressed in the coating with and the surface on crack.That is, can provide warm forging mould with excellent durability.Incidentally, when partly having formed compound (it is served as reasons and is included in element and the formed compound of nitrogen in the moulding stock) layer, preferably, remove this compound layer by grinding etc.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of making the warm forging mould, wherein on the Mould design surface wear-resistant coating is set by ion plating method, and this method comprises:
In vacuum chamber, form the step of the atmosphere reactive of nitrogen,
Layout is by Al
xCr
1-xFirst target that (wherein 0＜x＜1) constitutes and by Ti
yAl
1-ySecond target that (wherein 0＜y＜1) constitutes, make them toward each other, and form the step in the first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district in the front of each target respectively independently, wherein in described first atmosphere district and the described second atmosphere district, the composed atom of target is ionized, and
Accumulation step makes described Mould design surface rotate, thereby alternately by described first atmosphere district and the described second atmosphere district.
According to the present invention, can suppress the thermal fatigue crack and the wearing and tearing when forging, and can suppress the big fracture of mould or break.Therefore, can stably provide the mould of the warm forging with excellent durability.
In addition, according to above-mentioned the present invention, this method can also comprise the nitriding treatment step,, provides nitrogen diffused layer to described Mould design surface before the employing ion plating method provides described wear-resistant coating that is.According to the present invention, improved the adhesivity between wear-resistant coating and the basic unit, and can be reduced in the inner residual compressive stress that generates of wear-resistant coating, fracture takes place or peel off thereby can be suppressed at when forging coating, and be suppressed in the coating with and the surface go up crackle take place.Thereby, the mould of the warm forging with excellent durability can stably be provided.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map that is illustrated in the sample that uses in the confirmation test of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the figure that is illustrated in the device that uses in the manufacturing method according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is the view that is illustrated in the device that uses in the confirmation test of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the side-view that is illustrated in the sample that uses in the confirmation test of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the view that the forging method in the confirmation test of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 6 is the view that is illustrated in the measuring point of the sample that uses in the confirmation test of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the test data figure that confirmation test of the present invention is shown.
Fig. 8 is the transmission electron microscope picture of the typical structure in confirmation test of the present invention.
The explanation of reference number and symbol
1: sample
10: turntable
11,12: target
20: repeat heating-cooling test set (thermal crack test set)
30: the drift sample
Preferred forms of the present invention
, to table 3 test in the sample (example 1 to 7) that has been endowed coating under the condition identical with the warm forging mould of the embodiment of the invention and the test in the sample as a comparative example (comparative example 1 to 16) are described referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 8 and table 1.
As shown in Figure 1, in each embodiment and comparative example, sample 1 is that the sheet material of 5mm constitutes by thickness, this sheet material is to be that 48 HRC obtain by the SKD-61 material refining that will be equivalent to defined in the Japanese Industrial Standards, and this sample is a ring bodies, is that the disc centre of 15mm is provided with the through hole 1a that internal diameter is 3.5mm at external diameter wherein.Prepare a plurality of samples 1, and at the NH of 20 volume %
3The H of gas and 80 volume %
2In the mixed atmosphere of gas,, and keep 10 hours to carry out plasma nitridation process at 500 ℃ of samples 1 that heat embodiment 7 down.
Next, as shown in Figure 2, each sample 1 is placed on the turntable 10 of the reaction chamber 5 that is arranged on ion plating apparatus and be fixed.On the other hand, along the wall (not shown) of reaction chamber arrange target 11 and 12 so that they across turntable 10 and toward each other.Incidentally, except some samples, in order to form nitride, it is 1Pa to 5Pa that nitrogen is incorporated in the reaction chamber until dividing potential drop.Use is carried out ion plating by the multi sphere PVD system (M500C-600 (trade(brand)name)) that Nissin Electric Co., Ltd. makes to each sample.Target 11 and 12 and the condition of the ion plating of each sample in table 1, have been summed up.
Table 1
* " composition " is the composition of target.
Omitted the details of ion plating.Produce the Vacuum Arc discharge with cause handle in, with the composed atom evaporation of target 11 and 12 so that its ionization, thereby form the atmosphere district in the front of each target.When turntable 10 rotations (seeing the R1 among Fig. 1), sample 1 is alternately by these atmosphere districts.Incidentally, in warm forging mould according to embodiments of the present invention, the corresponding Mould design of the treat surface of sample 1 surface, and the Mould design surface is by the atmosphere district.In addition, shown in the R2 among Fig. 2, the treat surface of sample 1 can also be rotated with respect to turntable 10.After ion plating is handled, sample 1 and turntable 10 are broken away from, and it is taken out from the reaction chamber 5 of ion plating apparatus.
As shown in Figure 3, after ion plating is handled, sample 1 transferred to repeat heating-cooling test set (thermal crack test set) 20.That is to say, the small diameter portion of supporting member 22 is inserted among the through hole 1a of sample 1, be fixed by from top to bottom sample 1 being clamped with support 23.In this state, with radio-frequency coil 21 outer surface of sample 1 is heated to 700 ℃ apace.Then, spray water coolant 24 apace radio-frequency coil is cooled to room temperature from unshowned water outlet.Repeat this heating-refrigeration cycle 1,000 time altogether.After repeating heating-cooling process, sample 1 is broken away from from test set 20, and cut along plane perpendicular to central shaft.
One in the section of said sample 1 is embedded in the resin, and polishes cutting the surface.Then in opticmicroscope (magnification: * 100) observe the cutting surface down.The crackle number on the measurement whole circumference and the length of each crackle, its result is shown in the table 2.In addition, viewed crackle number is shown among Fig. 7 in embodiment 1 to 3 and the comparative example 13.Incidentally, it is believed that the crackle number is many more, heat-resistant cracking is poor more, and promptly thermal fatigue is poor more.
Table 2
In addition, the use transmission electron microscope is observed the cross section across the laminated coating in each sample 1.Specifically, Fig. 8 shows the transmission electron micrograph across the cross section of laminated coating (it is to obtain) under the condition shown in the embodiment 1 of table 1.Observe at this have ash, the laminated coating of white depth contrast gradient.Find out from the result of elementary composition analysis, seem that grizzly part is (Al
xCr
1-x) N (0＜x＜1, hereinafter referred to as " (Al-Cr) base nitride layer "), seem that the part that is white in color is (Ti
yAl
1-y) N (0＜y＜1, hereinafter referred to as " (Ti-Al) base nitride layer ").
In addition, the sample about handling through ion plating respectively carries out elementary composition analysis and hardness measurement to the coating of handling.Use is carried out elementary composition analysis by the radio frequency glow discharge spectrograph ((GD-OES) PROFILER 2 (trade(brand)name)) that Horiba Co., Ltd. makes.Use the Nano Indenter XP (trade(brand)name) that is made by MTS Systems Co., Ltd. to measure hardness under the condition of depth of indentation as 300nm, (GPa) is converted into HV hardness with this observed value.These results are also together shown in the table 1.
In table 1, " composition ", " forming 1 " and " composition 2 " are meant the composition of target 11 or 12.Comparative example 1 to 6 is only to use a target 11, and forms a plurality of layers with same composition situation when forming coating.Incidentally, this coating is called as " single coating of forming " hereinafter.On the other hand, embodiment 1 to 7 and comparative example 7 to 15 are to use two kinds of targets 11 and 12, and form the situation when having different a plurality of layers of forming with the formation coating.Incidentally, this coating is referred to as " the different laminated coating of forming " hereinafter.In addition, in comparative example 16, do not carry out ion plating and handle, and pending material does not have top coat.
In addition, in ion plating is handled, all can form one deck when expecting the atmosphere district of each sample 1 by above-mentioned reaction chamber 5.At this, when turntable 10 rotates one time, the atmosphere district of sample 1 by forming by two targets 11 and 12.Therefore, will form two-layer.That is to say, can try to achieve the number of plies that constitutes laminated coating by [coating kind (deriving from target 11 and 12 two kinds)] * [rotation Per minute] * [the ion plating treatment time (minute)] at this.This also can be confirmed from transmission electron micrograph shown in Figure 8.
Then, obtain the thickness of one deck in the table 1 in the following manner.For example, can be by measure the thickness of the whole different laminated coatings of forming with the cross section of opticmicroscope or electron microscope observation said sample 1.For example, under the situation of the sample 1 of embodiment 1, thickness is 4.4 μ m (4,400nm sees Fig. 8) approximately.In ion plating was handled, revolving-turret 10 under the condition of 5rpm, and this processing was carried out 70 minutes.Therefore, when calculating the number of plies that constitutes the different laminated coatings of forming as mentioned above, try to achieve 2 * 5 * 70=700 layer.Divided by this numerical value, that is, 4,400 ÷ 700=6.3nm can obtain the thickness of one deck with the thickness of the whole different laminated coatings of forming.
The a pair of grey of the formation coating that records from the transmission electron micrograph of Fig. 8 on the other hand, and the thickness of white layer are 12.4nm.When the thickness of gray layer equals the thickness of white layer, (thickness of (Al-Cr) base nitride+(Ti-Al) thickness of base nitride)/2nd, 6.2nm.This approximately with from the thickness of the laminated coating of whole different compositions and the value unanimity that above-mentioned ion plating treatment condition are obtained.Therefore, the condition (for example, the revolution of sample 1) handled of the thickness of the laminated coating that the thickness of individual layer is made up of whole difference in the table 1 and ion plating is tried to achieve.
In addition, as shown in Figure 4, use drift sample 30, carry out the punching press wear testing respectively deriving from above-mentioned sample.Drift sample 30 is by by being that the bar that 50HRC obtains constitutes with JIS SKD-61 refining, and handles this bar by mode same as described above (crown end 30a that especially liquidates carries out identical plasma nitridation process and ion plating is handled) and obtain.The punching press wear testing carries out like this: the drift top 30a bump of drift sample 30 is made of S53C and has been heated to 820 ℃ workpiece 32, make hole 33 5,000 times to repeat hot-work, measure the wearing depth α (see figure 6) of drift top 30a afterwards.Forging speed is that 85spm and lubricants capacity are to use the high speed horizontal forging machine to process under the condition of 3L/min.Incidentally, as shown in Figure 5, the manufactured materials 32a that S53C is constituted stood for two steps and handles (forging), at first was to carry out the first step to forge, and used drift sample 30 bumps with manufacturing hole 33 then.
As shown in Figure 6, for the drift samples of handling after 5,000 times 30, measure wearing depth α (mm) at four some places from the 0.2mm position, forefront of drift top 30a with 90 ° intervals.Wearing depth α shown in the table 3 is the mean value of measuring at four some places.
Table 3
| Wearing depth (mm) | |
| |
0.013 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.011 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.012 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.010 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.014 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.012 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.012 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.273 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.201 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.083 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.009 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.018 |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.273 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.221 |
| Comparative example 8 | 0.218 |
| Comparative example 9 | 0.023 |
| Comparative example 10 | 0.065 |
| Comparative example 11 | 0.085 |
| Comparative example 12 | 0.018 |
| Comparative example 13 | 0.015 |
| Comparative example 14 | 0.282 |
| Comparative example 15 | 0.289 |
| Comparative example 16 | 0.358 |
Below with the creating conditions of the coating of instruction card 1, composition and hardness measurement result, about the crack length measuring result of the heat-resisting crackle of table 2 and about the measurement of the wearing depth α of the wear resistance of table 3.
In comparative example 1,2 and 7, wherein only use and a kind ofly mainly form single coating of forming by the nitride of Ti base or Cr base or the target that carbonitride constitutes, as shown in table 1, compare with the hardness among the embodiment 1 to 7, hardness in the comparative example 1,2 and 7 is relatively low, and as shown in table 3, wearing depth α is relatively large.
On the other hand, as shown in table 3, in comparative example 3 to 5, wherein only use a kind of mainly by (Ti-Al) base nitride or (Al-Cr) target that constitutes of base nitride form single coating of forming, compare with 6 with comparative example 1,2, wearing depth α can significantly be reduced.Particularly, as shown in table 2, to compare with 5 coating with comparative example 4, the crackle number of the coating of comparative example 3 is considerably less.That is to say, obtained high heat-resisting crackle.Therefore, only use a kind of target that mainly constitutes by (Ti-Al) base nitride single forms coating and forms coating than the list that only uses a kind of target that mainly constitutes by (Al-Cr) base nitride have more excellent heat-resisting crackle.Reason is considered to, and compares with the latter, and the former has high oxidation-resistance and has high tenacity owing to hardness is lower, therefore is difficult to form crackle.In addition, as shown in table 1, comparative example 4 and 5 coating are than the hardness height of the coating of comparative example 3, and therefore as shown in table 3, wearing depth α is less.
In addition, the laminated coating that forms according to ion plating method is because its compactness thereby can have high wearability.Yet, on the other hand, the high residual compressive stress that the surging force during owing to thermal fatigue or forging produces, crack growth, and coating is peeled off easily.In comparative example 1 to 6 described single composition coating, residual compressive stress is successive in coating, makes that coating trends towards peeling off at once.Therefore, it is believed that, when two kinds of targets are selected from above-mentioned target and are used in combination when forming the different laminated coating of forming, it is discontinuous that unrelieved stress becomes between layer, and peel off and be difficult to take place, even perhaps peel off, also be successively to repeat to peel off, so wearing depth diminish.Therefore, the laminated coatings that form different compositions as described below.
In comparative example 7 and 8, wherein all use these two kinds of targets of Cr base nitride and Ti base nitride to form the laminated coating of different compositions, have such trend: as shown in table 2, the crackle number is big relatively and its length is also longer.In addition, as shown in table 3, also exist the relatively large trend of wearing depth α.In other words, the coating of estimating comparative example 7 and 8 is not enough to the wearability that has heat-resisting crackle simultaneously and forging when.
In comparative example 9 to 11, wherein all use these two kinds of targets of Cr base nitride and (Ti-Al) base nitride to form the laminated coating of different compositions, have such trend: as shown in table 2, the crackle number is big relatively and its length is also longer.On the other hand, as shown in table 3, also have such trend: the wearing depth α in the comparative example 9 to 11 is all little than the wearing depth α in comparative example 7 and 8, and the wearing depth α in the comparative example 9 is very little.
In addition, in comparative example 12, wherein use these two kinds of targets of Cr base nitride and (Al-Cr) base nitride to form the laminated coating of different compositions, have such trend: as shown in table 2, the crackle number is big relatively and its length is also longer.On the other hand, as shown in table 3, also have such trend: similar with the wearing depth α in the comparative example 9, the wearing depth α in the comparative example 12 is also very little.In other words, estimate that the coating of comparative example 9 to 12 has good wear resistance when forging, but heat-resisting crackle deficiency.
Then, in embodiment 1 to 7, wherein all use these two kinds of targets of (Ti-Al) base nitride and (Al-Cr) base nitride to form the laminated coating of different compositions, there is such trend: as shown in table 2, the crackle number is considerably less, and as shown in table 3, and wearing depth α is also less relatively.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 7, when the thickness in monolayer in embodiment 1 to 3 and the comparative example 13 changed, in case thickness becomes about 15nm, the crackle number will increase fast.In other words, when the thickness of each layer of laminated coating is 15nm or more hour, can significantly improve anti-crackle.Reason it is believed that and is, in the hard coat of (Ti-Al) base nitride, (Al-Cr) base nitride etc., each layer be lamination each other, make every layer size can not develop into big crackle, that is, thickness is 15nm or littler, thereby can reduce the incidence of the potential crack with this size, reduce the incidence of crackle thus, make and to suppress the big fracture of mould or break with observable size.
In addition, when the total coat-thickness in embodiment 2 and comparative example 14 and 15 changes, shown in table 2 and table 3, be the center with about 10 μ m, than the too thick or too thin situation of this thickness under, the crackle number significantly increases, and wearing depth also increases.Reason it is believed that and be, when coating is thin (as comparative example 14), coating has been worn immediately, thereby identical with situation when coating not being set in the comparative example 16.In addition, when coating was too thick, the inner residual compressive stress height that produces had increased the possibility of coating stripping, and if coating peeled off fully, then situation is still identical with comparative example 16.That is to say, by total coat-thickness being adjusted to wear resistance and the adhering scope taken into account, that is, thickness is adjusted to 1 μ m to 20 μ m, is preferably adjusted to 2 μ m extremely less than 8 μ m, can suppress thermal fatigue fracture and the wearing and tearing when forging, thereby suppress the big fracture of mould or break.Like this, can provide warm forging mould with excellent durability.
In addition, as shown in table 2, in embodiment 6, can see the trend that the quantity of long crackle especially reduces, use Al among the embodiment 6
0.7Cr
0.3Target in argon gas atmosphere with Al
0.7Cr
0.3Layer is set on the pending material (mould), and the laminated coating that the difference be similar among the embodiment 3 is formed is set then, that is to say, between laminated coating that difference is formed and pending material Al is set
0.7Cr
0.3Layer.
In addition, as shown in table 2, in embodiment 7, exist the trend that the crackle number further is lowered and its length also is shortened, carrying out nitriding treatment among the embodiment 7 provides nitrogen diffused layer with the pending material to the basic unit of the laminated coating of forming as difference.Reason is: never by the inside of the pending material of nitrogenize until its surface, form the sloping portion that hardness is increased and thermal expansivity is reduced, thereby can be suppressed at the crackle that thermal fatigue that coating/basic unit causes owing to heating and cooling repeatedly at the interface takes place.In other words, can improve adhesivity between coating and the basic unit.In addition, compare during with formation coating on having, can be reduced in the inner residual compressive stress that produces of coating not by the pending material of the basic unit of nitrogenize.Therefore, can suppress the generation and the development of crackle.
Be applied on the warm forging mould, especially be applied on its design surface by each different laminated coatings of forming the foregoing description 1 to 7, such mould can be provided, this mould can have high wear resistance and oxidation-resistance and have excellent thermal fatigue (for example, heat-resisting crackle).That is to say that at the general provision of warm forging mould with in using, even coating is thinner than traditional those, they also can have enough weather resistance.
From as can be known above, in the warm forging mould according to embodiment, this mould comprises and is arranged on the lip-deep wear-resistant coating of Mould design, and this laminated coating is by adopting the ion plating method will be by (Al
xCr
1-x) the first layer that constitutes of N (0＜x＜1) and by (Ti
yAl
1-y) second layer that constitutes of N (0＜y＜1) alternatively laminated and making each other, the first layer adjacent one another are and the thickness of the second layer are 15nm or littler, and total coat-thickness of described laminated coating is 1 μ m to 20 μ m.Therefore, can provide a kind of like this warm forging mould, it is by suppressing the thermal fatigue crack and wearing and tearing when forging can suppress the big fracture of mould or break, and has excellent weather resistance.Just in this point, the thickness of the described the first layer and the described second layer is 15nm or littler getting final product, and the thickness of each layer can be identical or different, as long as they are respectively 15nm or littler.
In addition, in one embodiment, by nitrogen diffused layer being imparted in the basic unit of wear-resistant coating, can improve the adhesivity between wear-resistant coating and the basic unit, and the residual compressive stress that the inside that can be reduced in wear-resistant coating produces, fracture take place or peel off thereby can be suppressed at when forging coating, and can be suppressed in the coating with and the surface go up crackle take place.In other words, can provide warm forging mould with excellent durability.
On the other hand, in one embodiment, the method for making warm forging mould (wherein by ion plating method wear-resistant coating being arranged on this Mould design surface) comprises: the step that forms the atmosphere reactive of nitrogen in vacuum chamber; Layout is by Al
xCr
1-xFirst target that (0＜x＜1) constitutes and by Ti
yAl
1-ySecond target that (0＜y＜1) constitutes makes them toward each other, and form the step of the first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district (in the first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district, the composed atom of above-mentioned target is ionized) respectively independently in the front of each target; And accumulation step, above-mentioned Mould design surface is rotated with according to the rules interval (with predetermined interval) alternately by the above-mentioned first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district.Therefore, can stably provide a kind of like this warm forging mould, its can be in 400 ℃ to 1,000 ℃ wide temperature range by suppressing the thermal fatigue crack and wearing and tearing when forging suppress the big fracture of mould or break, and have excellent weather resistance.Just in this point, in accumulation step, thereby can make the Mould design surface rotate according to the rules interval alternately by the above-mentioned first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district according to another embodiment.According to the present invention, preferably, thereby in accumulation step, make the Mould design surface rotate according to the rules interval (with predetermined interval) alternately by the above-mentioned first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district.
In one embodiment, this method also comprises nitriding step,, on above-mentioned Mould design surface nitrogen diffused layer is set before the employing ion plating method is provided with wear-resistant coating that is.According to this method, improved the adhesivity between wear-resistant coating and the basic unit, and can be reduced in the residual compressive stress that inside produced of wear-resistant coating, fracture take place or peel off thereby can be suppressed at when forging coating, and can be suppressed in the coating with and the surface go up crackle take place.Thereby, the mould of the warm forging with excellent durability can stably be provided.
Embodiment of the present invention and example are illustrated above, but the present invention should not be construed as and is confined to those embodiments or example, can carry out various deformation within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. warm forging mould comprises and is arranged on the lip-deep wear-resistant coating of described Mould design,
Wherein said wear-resistant coating is will be by (Al by the employing ion plating method
xCr
1-x) the first layer that constitutes of N (wherein 0＜x＜1) and by (Ti
yAl
1-y) second layer that constitutes of N (wherein 0＜y＜1) alternatively laminated and the laminated coating that forms each other, the described the first layer adjacent one another are and the thickness of the described second layer are 15nm or littler, and total coat-thickness of described laminated coating is 1 μ m to 20 μ m.
2. warm forging mould according to claim 1, the basic unit of wherein said wear-resistant coating comprises nitrogen diffused layer.
3. a method of making the warm forging mould wherein adopts ion plating method on described Mould design surface wear-resistant coating to be set, and described method comprises:
In vacuum chamber, form the step of the atmosphere reactive of nitrogen;
Layout is by Al
xCr
1-xFirst target that (wherein 0＜x＜1) constitutes and by Ti
yAl
1-ySecond target that (wherein 0＜y＜1) constitutes makes them toward each other, and form the step in the first atmosphere district and the second atmosphere district respectively independently in the front of each target, wherein the composed atom at target described in described first atmosphere district and the described second atmosphere district is ionized; And
Accumulation step promptly, rotates the described design surface of described mould, thereby alternately by described first atmosphere district and the described second atmosphere district.
4. the method for manufacturing warm forging mould according to claim 3 also comprises nitriding step, that is, adopting before described ion plating method is provided with described wear-resistant coating, provides nitrogen diffused layer to the described design surface of described mould.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010009281A JP2011147946A (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2010-01-19 | Warm/hot forging die and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP2010-009281 | 2010-01-19 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102127733A true CN102127733A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100231159A Pending CN102127733A (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2011-01-19 | Warm forging die and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN102127733A (en) |
Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110117773A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-08-13 | 河南科技学院 | Thick Ti/TiAlYN laminated coating of cyclic oxidation resistant to high temperatures and preparation method thereof |
| CN113165045A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-07-23 | 日立金属株式会社 | Coated die for hot stamping |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5979438B2 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-08-24 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Surface coated cutting tool |
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| JPH11197762A (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-27 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Die |
| JP2000271699A (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-10-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Surface coated forming die and production thereof |
| JP2003105565A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-09 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd | Wear resistant lubricating film, and tool coated with the film |
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| EP1992717A1 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2008-11-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Target used to form a hard film |
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| JPH01129958A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-05-23 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Formation of titanium nitride film having high adhesive strength |
| EP1842610B1 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2017-05-03 | Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. | Surface-coated cutting tool and process for producing the same |
| JP2009039838A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface-coated cutting tool |
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| JPH11197762A (en) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-27 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Die |
| JP2000271699A (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-10-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Surface coated forming die and production thereof |
| EP1992717A1 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2008-11-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Target used to form a hard film |
| JP2003105565A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-09 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd | Wear resistant lubricating film, and tool coated with the film |
| CN101090790A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2007-12-19 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | Coated cutting tool and manufacturing method thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113165045A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2021-07-23 | 日立金属株式会社 | Coated die for hot stamping |
| CN110117773A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-08-13 | 河南科技学院 | Thick Ti/TiAlYN laminated coating of cyclic oxidation resistant to high temperatures and preparation method thereof |
| CN110117773B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-04-02 | 河南科技学院 | High-temperature cyclic oxidation resistant thick Ti/TiAlYN multilayer coating and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2011147946A (en) | 2011-08-04 |
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