CN101366365A - Construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary - Google Patents
Construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary Download PDFInfo
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- CN101366365A CN101366365A CNA2008102011946A CN200810201194A CN101366365A CN 101366365 A CN101366365 A CN 101366365A CN A2008102011946 A CNA2008102011946 A CN A2008102011946A CN 200810201194 A CN200810201194 A CN 200810201194A CN 101366365 A CN101366365 A CN 101366365A
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- oyster
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- bioherm
- waste tire
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing Changjiang River entrance oyster reefs, which comprises the following steps: firstly, a marine structure of a bank guidance and protection project of a deep-draft channel of an entrance of the Changjiang River is taken as a hard substrate to construct the oyster reefs; secondly, the period from Mar. 10th to Mar. 31st is the time for filling the gaps with seedlings of the oyster reefs; thirdly, a fixed body is adopted for overall transplantation of grown oysters; and fourthly, effect evaluation is performed on the number of oyster species, the biodiversity supported by the oyster reefs and so on. The method greatly saves the cost for recovering and constructing the oyster reefs and shows a novel direction for recovering and constructing the oyster reefs through combination with a large-scale regulation project of a river mouth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the structure field of oyster bioherm, particularly relate to a kind of construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary.
Background technology
Oyster is a kind of ocean zoobenthos, grows in the waters, river mouth, temperate zone that degree of saltiness water crosses.Fresh and alive oyster can assemble growth in a large number, forms large-area oyster bioherm.Oyster bioherm is a kind of special habitat, ocean, have many crucial ecological functions, mainly comprise 3 aspects: (1) water body purification function, as the filter-feeding bivalve, oyster can effectively reduce suspension, nutritive salt and the algae in the river mouth water body, and can accumulate a large amount of heavy metal ion in its soft tissue; (2) habitat function, oyster bioherm are the habitats, ocean with higher bio-diversity, and it provides the good place of perching and ingest for many zoobenthos and fish; (3) energy coupling function, oyster can be input to big quantity of material in the water body in the sediments, is supporting the end chip production of dwelling.
Past is over more than 100 year, increase and rapid economy development along with mankind's activity, excessively adopt catch, disease, environmental pollution etc. cause the wild oyster quantity in the world to descend fast, with U.S. Chesapeake gulf is example, put down in writing according to historical summary, eastern bank oyster fresh meat harvest yield reached 55000t in 1887, nineteen fifty is 13586t, 2004 are only and are 39.6t, overfishing simultaneously also heavy damage the oyster bioherm habitat, and cause river mouth eutrophication degree aggravation, fishery production descends and aquatic ecosystem degeneration etc.After this, carried out the restoration project of oyster bioherm all over the world successively, the U.S. has carried out a series of oyster bioherms in the Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico and has reactivated, in the period of 1993-2003, build together in the strand by " oyster legacy " project and made 69 oyster bioherms in the Virginia state, each reefs average area is 1 acre; 2001-2004, NanCarolinaZhou have built 98 oyster bioherms in 28 places in the east coast, sharedly fall about 250t oyster shell; 2000-2005 U.S. oyster recovers cooperative groups and has thrown in more than 500,000,000 oyster altogether in 82 places in the Chesapeake gulf, and their target is: by 2010, Chesapeake gulf oyster quantity was 20 times in 1994 at least.
In the U.S., the constructing technology of oyster bioherm mainly comprises the following steps: 1. point selection; 2. the preparation of substrate; 3. reefs is built; 4. replenish oysterseed; 5. tracking and monitoring.The emphasis that their oyster bioherm makes up is to select substrate and reefs structure.At present, Chang Yong substrate has oyster shell, flyash and the rock etc. of recycling.The structure of intertidal zone oyster bioherm is normally packed substrate in the cylindrical plastic mesh bag, every packed 23L, and each reefs forms side by side by 100 bags, and each place makes up 3 reefs.Consider the breeding time of oyster, the construction time of oyster bioherm, specified place was positioned on the tidal creek side slope of contiguous sabkha wetland generally in summer.And the structure of subtidal zone oyster bioherm is directly bulky reefs directly to be invested the structure waters, thereby adheres to substrate for the natural oyster young provides.
It is a very complicated system engineering that oyster bioherm recovers, and needs lot of manpower and material resources, as recovering 1 acre of oyster bioherm in the U.S., needs 380,000 dollars and 3000m approximately
3Oyster shell, many states have all been set up and have been carried out the tissue that oyster bioherm recovers specially, they are except that the federal Financial assistance of application, more by propaganda activity, make the numerous common people understand the Ecosystem Service of oyster bioherm, accept the donation of various circles of society, organize social volunteer to participate in oyster bioherm and reactivate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary, this method is according to the physiological ecological characteristics of oyster and the environmental condition of entrance of Changjiang River, and with reference to the external correlation technique that makes up about oyster bioherm, utilize the hydraulic structure of entrance of Changjiang River deepwater channel regulation engineering such as wall and groynes etc. as reefs first, by directly putting the adult Crassostrea rivularis of artificial culture in a suitable place to breed, replenish oyster population quantity, be about 760hm thereby made up area
2Artificial oyster bioherm.
Construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary of the present invention comprises step:
(1) oyster is thrown in the place
According to the requirement of domestic and international oyster bioherm construction, select hydraulic structure (the southern wall S of entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work to landform, substrate, current, water temperature and salinity
5Beacon light is to S
8Beacon light, northern wall N
6Beacon light is to N
9Beacon light) the hard substrate that makes up as oyster bioherm;
(2) release time
Be the time of filling the gaps with seedlings of oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary 10～March 31 in March;
(3) input mode
Adopt the set body integral transplanting oyster that grows up, can be divided into two types: 1. 2. waste tire oyster group of concrete column oyster group according to the set body;
For the concrete column type, directly throw in wall intertidal zone district and near the subtidal zone waters; And to the waste tire sessile form, the hollow cylinder concrete weight of bondage 3 diameter 12cm, high 15cm on tire; Thereby made up area is 260hm
2Artificial oyster bioherm;
(4) bio-diversity of oyster population quantity and oyster bioherm support is carried out tracking and monitoring, estimate the effect that oyster bioherm makes up.
Entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work in the described step (1) comprises south, north wall and 19 groynes, the groyne works of its Central-South wall 48.0km, northern wall 49.2km and 30.09km.The north and south wall is adopted as semicircular body and mixes embankment structure, and wall top mark height is 2.0m, bottom sound stage width 26m; Groynes adopts the sloping breakwater structure, and groynes top mark height is 1.5m, bottom sound stage width 15m.Entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work is conformal into about 260hm
2Intertidal zone rock reefs and 500hm
2Subtidal zone rock reefs, be fit to about 7,400 ten thousand m of concrete component area of oyster growth
2
Set body in the described step (3) can be divided into two types: 1. concrete column oyster group: the Crassostrea rivularis of input has adhered to 2 years on the length and width height is respectively the concrete column of 65-80cm, 8-10cm and 6-8cm, throw in 11190 concrete columns altogether, on average adhere to 250 adult Crassostrea rivularis (shell long〉75mm) on each concrete column, other aufwuch also has Ruditapes philippinarum, sea anemone, mussel and bar neritid etc.; 2. waste tire oyster group: the Crassostrea rivularis of input on the waste tire of diameter 50-60cm set grown 2 years, every waste tire on average adheres to 150 adult Crassostrea rivularis, throws in 10000 waste tire oyster groups altogether; During input, the hollow cylinder concrete weight of bondage 3 diameter 12cm, high 15cm on every tires, by the oyster individual number, on average throwing in density is 0.6ind./m
2
Adult oyster in the described step (3) is thrown in 4,300,000 altogether, throws in successively during March 10 to March 31 in 2004; In order to improve survival rate, the adult Crassostrea rivularis seed of coming from the Xiangshan Bay transportation must be thrown in 2 days and finish.
The present invention is the record according to documents and materials about step (2) release time, at Zhejiang middle part and the breeding time of the Changjiang river oral region oyster generally in 5-6 month, the water temperature of laying eggs is about 21-27 ℃; In addition, oyster is finished whole embryonic development approximately needs 2-3 week, for additional adult oyster can successfully be laid eggs then in the entrance of Changjiang River, and improve the survival rate of oyster in the transportation, so fill the gaps with seedlings the time 10～March 31 in March for the best of oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary structure.
Having adopted set body integral transplanting is in order to improve the survival rate of oyster, to the waste tire sessile form, the influence for fear of current and buoyancy to throwing in, we on tire bondage hollow cylinder concrete weight, so that the oyster that adheres on the tire can in time be settled down to the appointed place, improve the effect of filling the gaps with seedlings.
Beneficial effect:
By combining, saved oyster bioherm greatly and recovered the cost that makes up, and indicated new direction with making up for the recovery of oyster bioherm with the large-scale training works in river mouth.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
(1) select oyster to throw in the place
According to the accommodation of oyster bioherm to salinity, we select entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work and subtidal zone (southern wall S
5Beacon light is to S
8Beacon light, northern wall N
6Beacon light is to N
9Beacon light) as the input place of the Crassostrea rivularis that grows up, this place's salinity is 10-15.
(2) release time
10 days～March 31 March in 2004.
(3) input mode
Adopted set body integral transplanting, can be divided into two types: 1. 2. waste tire oyster group of concrete column oyster group according to the set body.For the concrete column type, directly throw in wall intertidal zone district and near the subtidal zone waters.And to the waste tire sessile form, on tire bondage the hollow cylinder concrete weight of 3 diameter 12cm, high 15cm.Calculate by the oyster number, on average throwing in density is 0.6ind./m
2
(4) recruitment evaluation
Behind 4,300,000 adult Crassostrea rivularis throwing in artificial culture, entrance of Changjiang River wall Crassostrea rivularis population increases fast, in August, 2007 its averag density and biomass be respectively 962ind./m
2And 3087.31g/m
2, oyster fresh meat total amount has reached 230,000 tons.
In addition, this oyster bioherm is being supported abundant large-scale zoobenthos and necton, and bio-diversity obviously increases; According in August, 2007 monitoring, on the deep water fairway wall oyster bioherm of entrance of Changjiang River, identify 80 kinds of animals altogether, 33 kinds of its Mesichthyes, 12 kinds of crustacean 29 kinds (9 kinds of shrimps, 17 kinds of crab classes, other 3 kinds), mollusks, 2 kinds of 4 kinds of annelidss and coelenterates.Monitoring result shows that the oyster bioherm of this structure has been brought into play the critical function of artificial fish shelter, watches for animals for mandarin sturgeon etc. is rare and economic aquatic livestock provides abundant bait.
In addition, the foundation of oyster bioherm can absorb a large amount of pollutants every year from water body, but denitrogenation 1462t wherein, phosphorus 100t, copper 25t and zinc 58t (in June, 2005 monitoring result) play the function of biological sewage treatment plant purifying water body.
Claims (4)
1. construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary comprises step:
(1) oyster is thrown in the place
According to the requirement of oyster bioherm construction, select the hard substrate of the hydraulic structure of entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work as the oyster bioherm structure to landform, substrate, current, water temperature and salinity;
(2) release time
Be the time of filling the gaps with seedlings of oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary 10～March 31 in March;
(3) input mode
Adopt the set body integral transplanting oyster that grows up, can be divided into two types: 1. 2. waste tire oyster group of concrete column oyster group according to the set body;
For the concrete column type, directly throw in wall intertidal zone district and near the subtidal zone waters; And to the waste tire sessile form, the hollow cylinder concrete weight of bondage 3 diameter 12cm, high 15cm on tire; Thereby made up area is 260hm
2Artificial oyster bioherm;
(4) bio-diversity of oyster population quantity and oyster bioherm support is carried out tracking and monitoring, estimate the effect that oyster bioherm makes up.
2. construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work in the described step (1) comprises south, north wall and 19 groynes, the groyne works of its Central-South wall 48.0km, northern wall 49.2km and 30.09km;
The north and south wall is adopted as semicircular body and mixes embankment structure, and wall top mark height is 2.0m, bottom sound stage width 26m; Groynes adopts the sloping breakwater structure, and groynes top mark height is 1.5m, bottom sound stage width 15m, and entrance of Changjiang River deep water fairway wall dyke-fortification work is conformal into about 260hm
2Intertidal zone rock reefs and 500hm
2Subtidal zone rock reefs, be fit to about 7,400 ten thousand m of concrete component area of oyster growth
2
3. construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the set body in the described step (3) can be divided into two types: 1. concrete column oyster group: the Crassostrea rivularis of input has adhered to 2 years on the length and width height is respectively the concrete column of 65-80cm, 8-10cm and 6-8cm, throw in 11190 concrete columns altogether, on average adhere to 250 adult Crassostrea rivularis on each concrete column;
2. waste tire oyster group: the Crassostrea rivularis of input on the waste tire of diameter 50-60cm set grown 2 years, every waste tire on average adheres to 150 adult Crassostrea rivularis, throws in 10000 waste tire oyster groups altogether; During input, the hollow cylinder concrete weight of bondage 3 diameter 12cm, high 15cm on every tires, by the oyster individual number, on average throwing in density is 0.6ind./m
2
4. construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the adult oyster in the described step (3) is thrown in 4,300,000 altogether.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2008102011946A CN101366365A (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2008-10-15 | Construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008102011946A CN101366365A (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2008-10-15 | Construction method for oyster reef at Yangtze River estuary |
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| CN101366365A true CN101366365A (en) | 2009-02-18 |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102986567A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Actual measurement method of ecological regulation and control range of artificial fish reef area |
| CN104663545A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial reef construction method for recovering oyster reef biological resources of Oyster Aphid Mountain |
| CN104686418A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-10 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Implementation method of artificial reef construction engineering for restoring oyster reefs |
| CN105379648A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-09 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial combined reef body establishment method assisting in damaged oyster reef restoration |
| CN106234266A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 青岛金沙海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the oyster bioherm district alive ecological aquaculture of algae shellfish ginseng |
| CN106342734A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 杜冬明 | A method for breeding Alectryonella plicatula on chipped ashlar |
| CN107125181A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-09-05 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Utilize the method for house frame manufacture artificial marine habitat to be torn open |
| CN107251862A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-17 | 上海海洋大学 | The artificial marine habitat construction mode improved for islands and reefs marine site habitat |
| CN111268957A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-06-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Oyster attaching base of portland cement concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN111499290A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-08-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Periphyton-inducing mortar for surface of underwater ocean engineering and preparation method thereof |
| CN112674008A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of intertidal zone ecological oyster reef system |
| CN114766402A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for increasing weight of oyster soft body |
-
2008
- 2008-10-15 CN CNA2008102011946A patent/CN101366365A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102986567B (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-05-07 | 上海海洋大学 | Actual measurement method of ecological regulation and control range of artificial fish reef area |
| CN102986567A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Actual measurement method of ecological regulation and control range of artificial fish reef area |
| CN104663545A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial reef construction method for recovering oyster reef biological resources of Oyster Aphid Mountain |
| CN104686418B (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2017-09-15 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of implementation for the artificial reef body structure engineering for being used to repair oyster bioherm |
| CN104686418A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-06-10 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Implementation method of artificial reef construction engineering for restoring oyster reefs |
| CN105379648A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-09 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial combined reef body establishment method assisting in damaged oyster reef restoration |
| CN105379648B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2018-05-11 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | The artificial combination reefs construction method that the impaired oyster bioherm of auxiliary recovers |
| CN106234266A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 青岛金沙海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the oyster bioherm district alive ecological aquaculture of algae shellfish ginseng |
| CN106234266B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2019-04-19 | 青岛金沙海洋科技有限公司 | A kind of method of oyster bioherm area algae-shellfish-ginseng ecology aquaculture living |
| CN106342734A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 杜冬明 | A method for breeding Alectryonella plicatula on chipped ashlar |
| CN107125181A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-09-05 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Utilize the method for house frame manufacture artificial marine habitat to be torn open |
| CN107125181B (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2019-06-28 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Utilize the method for house frame manufacture artificial marine habitat to be torn open |
| CN107251862A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-17 | 上海海洋大学 | The artificial marine habitat construction mode improved for islands and reefs marine site habitat |
| CN111268957A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-06-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Oyster attaching base of portland cement concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN111499290A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-08-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Periphyton-inducing mortar for surface of underwater ocean engineering and preparation method thereof |
| CN112674008A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-20 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of intertidal zone ecological oyster reef system |
| CN114766402A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-22 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for increasing weight of oyster soft body |
| CN114766402B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2024-01-26 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for increasing weight of oyster soft body |
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