CN101361701B - 适用于个人护理产品的基于聚碳酸酯多元醇的聚氨酯分散体 - Google Patents
适用于个人护理产品的基于聚碳酸酯多元醇的聚氨酯分散体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101361701B CN101361701B CN2008101454523A CN200810145452A CN101361701B CN 101361701 B CN101361701 B CN 101361701B CN 2008101454523 A CN2008101454523 A CN 2008101454523A CN 200810145452 A CN200810145452 A CN 200810145452A CN 101361701 B CN101361701 B CN 101361701B
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- propylamine
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Abstract
本发明涉及适用于个人护理产品的水性聚氨酯分散体的制备方法,其中聚氨酯基于一种或多种聚碳酸酯多元醇。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水性聚氨酯分散体及其制备方法,以及该聚氨酯分散体在化妆品如发型固定剂中的应用。
发明背景
最近聚氨酯分散体已经被加入到化妆品如发型固定剂、晒黑露等中,与常规技术如丙烯酸类和丙烯酰胺共聚物、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮和PVP/VA共聚物相比具有几个优点。这些优点包括与水相容,容易配制低挥发性有机化合物(VOC)喷雾剂,具有耐水性和极佳的成膜能力。特别在头发护理产品中,聚氨酯分散体提供了极佳的定型效果而没有粘着感,由于聚合物的弹性记忆而提供了极佳的发型保持性,并且具有自然的外观和感觉。所有这些特性对于客户都是非常有价值的。设计为发型固定剂和头发造型聚合物的工业聚氨酯分散体一般表现出良好的高湿卷曲保持性、发型保持性、良好的感觉和光泽。但是,它们在梳理之后从头发上大量剥落,证明它们对头发的粘附性不够。这对于用户来说就产生了明显的美观问题。
设计发型固定剂聚合物所面对的挑战在于在经常发生冲突的以下要求之间达到平衡:聚合物应该具有足够的疏水性,从而即使在潮湿条件下也能提供卷曲保持性,同时聚合物又应该保持足够的亲水性,这样在用水清洗时能够将它们从头发上除去。而且,聚合物必须在玻璃转变温度、挠性和分子量方面具有最佳组合,以提供定型强度、弹性、对头发的粘附性和柔软感。
美国专利第5626840号揭示了基于利用2,2-羟甲基取代的羧酸制备的聚氨酯分散体的发型固定剂。该专利说明了如何利用水溶性或水分散性聚氨酯获得良好的的耐湿性和喷雾特性。其实施例仅仅证明了该聚合物在含醇的气溶胶喷剂中的效果。该聚合物对于环境和头发的健康都是有害的。最后,观察到,为了有效地分散,对于聚氨酯分散体中每克聚氨酯,该发明使用的二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)的COOH范围必须为0.35-2.25毫当量。
但是,该专利文献没有描述如何通过实现对头发良好的粘附性而避免聚合物从头发上剥离的常见问题。而且,该专利文献没有描述如何达到发型保持性,例如聚合物的弹性。最后,在仍然能够实现卷曲保持性和可洗性的同时,应该优选使用较少量的酸,因为酸往往会加速聚合物的分解。
美国专利6613314号揭示了使用聚氨酯分散体的可重新整形发用组合物。在制备聚氨酯的过程中,形成异氰酸酯官能预聚物。该预聚物包括至少一种可溶于分散体介质的多活性(polyactive)氢化合物。较佳地,使用磺化的化合物。将磺酸基结合到预聚物中,而不是通过脲链段。
美国专利第6106813号揭示了适于化妆品的聚酯聚氨酯。该专利文献揭示了一类新的聚酯聚氨酯,该聚酯聚氨酯不仅具有良好的成膜性,而且具有很高的刚性,对用水和洗涤剂的清除也具有极佳的耐受性。对于头发造型/发型固定剂应用,该专利的实施例仅仅证明了该发明在发型整形露中的应用,声称具有良好的发型保持性。
但是,该参考文献没有提及对头发的粘附性,或者如何实现极佳的耐湿性和良好的水除去性。该参考文献也没有提及头发造型/发型固定聚合物的一些重要性质,例如头发上的自然感觉和光泽。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种聚合物组合物,该组合物提高了对头发的粘附性,并且还表现出极佳的卷曲和发型保持性、自然的感觉和外观。
本发明提供一种组合物,该组合物对头发表现出极佳的粘附性。与市售的发型固定聚氨酯分散体相比,本发明的组合物的剥离情况明显减轻或者根本不剥离。另外,与上述聚氨酯分散体相比,本发明的组合物提高了保湿性、光泽和自然感觉。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种制备适用于个人护理产品的水性聚氨酯分散体的方法,该方法包括:
1)通过使1a)、1b)和1c)反应制备通式如下的预聚物:
式中
R1表示聚碳酸酯多元醇的二价基,
R2表示脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯的基,
R3表示低分子量二醇的基,任选地被离子基取代,
n是0-5,和
m>1;
其中
1a)至少一种聚碳酸酯多元醇,
1b)一种或多种脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,
1c)至少一种低分子量二醇,其任选地被离子基取代;
2)使所述预聚物与至少一种数均分子量小于约3000的单羟基官能聚环氧烷反应;
3)在有机溶剂存在下,用3a)和3b)对预聚物进行增链,形成聚氨酯:
3a)至少一种通式如下的增链剂:
H2N-R4-NH2
式中R4表示没有被离子基团或潜离子基团(potentially ionic group)取代的亚烷基(alkylene)或环氧烷基,
3b)任选的至少一种通式如下的增链剂:
H2N-R5-NH2
式中R5表示被离子基团或潜离子基团取代的亚烷基;
4)将该聚氨酯分散在水中;
5)除去有机溶剂,得到水性聚氨酯分散体;
其中,单羟基官能聚环氧烷的基在聚氨酯中约占0.1重量%至5重量%。
具体实施方式
除非另有说明,说明书和权利要求书中所用的术语“分子量”应理解为指数均分子量。
适用于提供二价基R1的聚碳酸酯多元醇是具有至少两个羟基且数均分子量约为700-16000、优选约为750-5000的聚碳酸酯多元醇。
含羟基的聚碳酸酯包括那些本身已知的例如由二醇与碳酸二芳酯如碳酸二苯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二甘醇酯或光气反应得到的产物,所述二醇为例如丙二醇-(1,3)、丁二醇-(1,4)和/或己二醇-(1,6)、二甘醇、双酚A、三甘醇或四甘醇。
适用于提供烃基R2的多异氰酸酯包括分子量约为112-1000、优选约为140-400的有机二异氰酸酯。优选的二异氰酸酯是用通式R2(NCO)2表示的上述二异氰酸酯,其中R2表示具有4-18个碳原子的二价脂族烃基、具有5-15个碳原子的二价脂环族烃基、具有7-15个碳原子的二价芳脂族烃基或具有6-15个碳原子的二价芳族烃基。合适的有机二异氰酸酯的例子包括1,4-丁二异氰酸酯,1,6-己二异氰酸酯,1,12-十二烷二异氰酸酯,环己烷-1,3-和-1,4-二异氰酸酯,1-异氰酸基-3-异氰酸甲酯基-3,5,5-三甲基环己烷(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或IPDI),二-(4-异氰酸环己酯基)-甲烷,1,3-和1,4-二(异氰酸甲酯基)-环己烷,二-(4-异氰酸基-3-甲基-环己基)-甲烷,甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的异构体如2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、这些异构体的混合物,氢化TDI,4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯以及其与2,4’-和任选的2,2’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酯的异构体混合物,以及1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。当然也可以使用二异氰酸酯的混合物。优选的二异氰酸酯是脂族和脂环族二异氰酸酯。更优选的是1,6-己二异氰酸酯和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
当使用低分子量二醇时,它们通常导致增大聚合物链的刚性。“低分子量二醇”是指分子量约为62-700、优选为62-200的二醇。至少一种低分子量二醇含有离子基团或潜离子基团。合适的含离子基团或潜离子基团的低分子量二醇是美国专利第3412054号中揭示的二醇。优选的化合物包括二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMBA)和含羧基的己内酯聚酯二醇。含离子基团或潜离子基团的低分子量二醇的用量应使得对于聚氨酯分散体中每克聚氨酯,存在<0.30毫当量的COOH。
可以任选地使用其它不含离子基团或潜离子基团的低分子量二醇。它们可含有脂族基、脂环族基或芳族基。优选的化合物仅含有脂族基。每分子中最多包括约20个碳原子的低分子量二醇包括乙二醇、二甘醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、新戊二醇、丁基乙基丙二醇、环己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、1,6-己二醇、双酚A(2,2-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷)、氢化双酚A(2,2-二(4-羟基环己基)丙烷)、以及它们的混合物。
适用于本发明的单羟基官能聚环氧烷化合物包括基于环氧乙烷或环氧丙烷或两者的数均分子量小于约3,000、优选为300-3,000的任何单羟基官能聚醚。合适的化合物包括LB-25,一种环氧乙烷/聚环氧乙烷单醇,可购自美国宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的拜尔材料科学有限公司(Bayer MaterialScience,Pittsburgh,PA);甲氧基聚乙二醇的CARBOWAX SENTRY系列(line),可购自美国密歇根州米德兰的陶氏化学公司(Dow Chemical Company,Midland,MI);以及UCON LB流体(Fluids)和UCON 50-HB流体(Fluids),也购自陶氏化学公司。单羟基官能化合物的用量应使得通过氨基甲酸酯链段结合到预聚物中的聚环氧烷基约占聚氨酯的0.1重量%至5重量%。
使用任选的两类增链剂中的至少一种对预聚物进行增链。第一类是通式如下的化合物:
H2N-R4-NH2
式中R4表示没有被离子基团或潜离子基团取代的亚烷基或环氧烷基。亚烷基二胺包括肼、乙二胺、丙二胺、1,4-丁二胺和哌嗪、2-甲基-1,5-戊二胺(Dytec A,来自杜邦公司(DuPont))、己二胺、异佛尔酮二胺和4,4-亚甲基二(环己胺)。环氧烷二胺包括二丙胺二甘醇(1922A,可从宾夕法尼亚州的阿伦敦的空气产品公司(Air Products,Allentown,PA)购得),以及可从空气产品公司购得的ANCAMINE系列的醚胺,包括二丙胺丙二醇、二丙胺双丙甘醇、二丙胺三丙二醇、二丙胺聚(丙二醇)、二丙胺乙二醇、二丙胺聚(乙二醇)、二丙胺1,3-丙二醇、二丙胺2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇、二丙胺1,4-丁二醇、二丙胺1,3-丁二醇、二丙胺1,6-己二醇和二丙胺环己烷-1,4-二甲醇。还可以使用上述二胺的混合物。第一类增链剂的分子量约为100-1500,优选约为170-1000。
任选的第二类增链剂是通式如下的化合物:
H2N-R5-NH2
式中R5表示被离子基团或潜离子基团取代的亚烷基。这类化合物具有离子基团或潜离子基团和两个能与异氰酸酯基反应的基团。这类化合物含有两个异氰酸酯-活性基团和一个离子基团或能够形成离子基团的基团。所述离子基团或潜离子基团可选自叔铵或季铵基,能够转化为这种基团的基团,羧基,羧酸根,磺酸基和磺酸根。在与水混合之前或混合期间,可以转化为上述类型的盐基团的基团至少部分地发生转化。具体的例子包括二氨基磺酸盐,例如N-(2-氨基乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸的钠盐或N-(2-氨基乙基)-2-氨基丙酸的钠盐。第二类增链剂的分子量约为32-600,优选约为32-200。
依据本发明的聚氨酯还可以包括在各情况下位于链端且终止所述链的化合物(链终止剂)。这些链终止剂可来自通式如下的化合物:
其中R6是氢原子或任选地具有羟端基的亚烷基,R7是任选地具有羟端基的亚烷基。合适的化合物包括一元胺(特别是一元仲胺)或一元醇之类的化合物。例子包括:甲胺、乙胺、丙胺、丁胺、辛胺、月桂胺、硬脂胺、异壬氧基丙胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二丁胺、N-甲基氨基丙胺、二乙基(甲基)氨基丙胺、吗啉、哌啶、二乙醇胺及其合适的取代衍生物、二元伯胺和一元羧酸的酰胺胺、二元伯胺的单酮亚胺(monoketime)、伯胺/叔胺如N,N-二甲基氨基-丙胺等。链终止醇也是适合的,例如C1-C10或更高级的醇,包括甲醇、丁醇、己醇、2-乙基己醇、异癸醇等以及它们的混合物,还有氨基醇如氨甲基丙醇(AMP)。链终止剂的分子量约为31-600,优选约为31-200。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,二甘醇作为低分子量二醇或者通过使用二丙胺-二甘醇(“DPA-DEG”)作为非离子型增链剂的部分结合到聚氨酯分散体中。如果二甘醇用作低分子量二醇,则优选不使用DPA-DEG作为非离子型增链剂。同样,如果DPA-DEG用作非离子型增链剂,则优选不使用二甘醇作为低分子量二醇。当将聚氨酯分散体结合到发型固定剂中时,使用二甘醇或DPA-DEG是特别合乎需要的,因为二甘醇能够明显提高对头发的粘附性。
本发明还涉及一种生产适用于个人护理产品的聚氨酯分散体的方法,该方法包括:a)在第一步中,至少使聚碳酸酯多元醇与二异氰酸酯反应,形成预聚物A);然后b)在第二步中,将该预聚物溶解在有机溶剂中;c)在第三步中,使含异氰酸酯的预聚物溶液与两类增链剂和任选的链终止剂反应;d)在第四步中,加入水形成分散体;和e)在第五步中,除去有机溶剂。
在第二步和第三步之间或第三步和第四步之间对结合的游离磺酸基和羧酸基进行中和。合适的中和剂包括伯胺、仲胺或叔胺。在这些中和剂中,优选的是三烷基取代的叔胺。这些胺的例子是三甲胺、三乙胺、三异丙胺、三丁胺、N,N-二甲基-环己胺、N,N-二甲基十八烷基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N-甲基吗啉、N-乙基吗啉、N-甲基哌嗪、N-甲基吡咯烷、N-甲基哌啶、N,N-二甲基乙醇胺、N,N-二乙基-乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、N-甲基二乙醇胺、二甲基氨基丙醇、2-甲氧基乙基二甲基胺、N-羟基乙基哌嗪、2-(2-二甲基氨基乙氧基)-乙醇和5-二乙基氨基-2-戊酮。最优选的叔胺是那些经泽尔维季诺夫(Zerewitinoff)测试确定不含有活性氢的叔胺,因为这些活性氢能够与预聚物的异氰酸酯基反应,结果导致凝胶化,形成不溶的颗粒或造成链终止。
依据本发明的聚氨酯分散体可通过所谓的丙酮法制备。在丙酮法中,依据本发明的分散体所基于的水性聚氨酯制品的合成是通过多阶段方法进行的。
在第一阶段中,由聚碳酸酯多元醇、二异氰酸酯和低分子量二醇合成含异氰酸酯基的预聚物。以这样的方式即预聚物的异氰酸酯含量为1.4-5.0重量%,优选为2.0-4.5重量%,更优选为2.6-4.0重量%,计算各组分的量。以NCO的当量数为基准计,低分子量二醇的含量为0-80当量%,优选为0-10当量%。
所得预聚物的结构如下:
式中
R1表示聚碳酸酯多元醇的二价基,
R2表示脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯的烃基,
R3表示低分子量二醇的基,任选地被离子基取代,
n<5,和
m>1。
较佳地,n是1-3,m是1-5。
然后,该预聚物与数均分子量小于约3000的单羟基官能聚环氧烷反应。
在第二阶段中,将在第一阶段中生成的预聚物溶解在至少部分水混溶性的有机溶剂中,该有机溶剂不含异氰酸酯-活性基团。优选的溶剂是丙酮。但是,也可以使用其它溶剂,例如2-丁酮、四氢呋喃或二噁烷或这些溶剂的混合物。必须以这样的方式即固体含量为25-60重量%,优选为30-50重量%,更优选为35-45重量%计算溶剂用量。
在第三阶段中,使含异氰酸酯的预聚物溶液与氨基官能增链剂的混合物和任选的链终止剂反应,形成高分子量聚氨酯。应该使用足量的增链剂和链终止剂,以使得到的聚氨酯的计算数均分子量(Mn)为10000-100000道尔顿,优选为10000-50000道尔顿。以预聚物中存在的剩余NCO的当量数为基准计,离子和非离子型增链剂的总含量为15-98当量%,优选为35-80当量%。以预聚物中存在的剩余NCO的当量数为基准计,链终止剂的含量为0-35当量%,优选为10-20当量%。
在第四阶段中,通过向溶液中加入水或者向水中加入溶液使高分子量聚氨酯分散,形成细颗粒分散体。
在第五阶段中,通过蒸馏(任选地在减压下)部分或完全地除去有机溶剂。以这样的方式即依据本发明的水性聚氨酯分散体的固体含量为20-60重量%,优选为28-42重量%,计算第四阶段中的水的量。
本发明的聚氨酯分散体适合用于个人护理产品。较佳地,它们可用于非气溶胶的发型固定剂。这类发型固定剂容易通过向分散体中加入水或乙醇来制备。同样,通过加入本领域普通技术人员熟知的组分,这些分散体也可用于制备其它个人护理产品,例如晒黑露、护肤品、唇膏、睫毛油和除臭剂。
实施例
实施例中使用的产品:
C-2200(己二醇基聚碳酸酯,重均分子量(M/wt.)2000,OH值为56;宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的拜尔材料科学有限公司(Bayer MaterialScienceLLC,Pittsburgh,PA))。
4200(环氧丙烷基聚醚二醇,重均分子量为2,000,宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的拜尔材料科学有限公司)。
PPG 425(环氧丙烷基聚醚二醇,重均分子量425,宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的拜尔材料科学有限公司)。
实施例1:依据本发明的组合物
在75℃,将25.74克C-2200、0.18克新戊二醇和0.62克DMBA在烧瓶中一起混合,得到均匀的混合物。在70℃,向烧瓶中加入4.31克W和3.65克I。反应在95℃进行,直到实际NCO含量低于或等于理论NCO。然后加入0.7克LB-25,反应直到实际NCO变成恒定。将预聚物冷却到60℃,向反应烧瓶中加入60克丙酮。将澄清的预聚物溶液混合15分钟,同时冷却到40℃。在40℃向预聚物溶液中加入0.43克三乙胺,混合10分钟。然后,加入在15克蒸馏水中的2.65克1922A,在40℃进行增链步骤。在15分钟后,在室温下,在600rpm搅拌下向预聚物中加入61.34克蒸馏水。因为分散体变得太粘,另外加入一些水。在分散阶段后,蒸馏丙酮。在蒸馏完成后,加入0.38克MTG。
按照与实施例1相同的步骤制备实施例2-5。
使用去离子水和依据本发明的聚氨酯分散体制备非气溶胶型发型固定剂制剂。该制剂是4份聚氨酯分散体活性树脂固体,与混合的10份聚氨酯分散体和90份水。含有3%活性树脂固体的非气溶胶型喷雾制剂(20毫升)按照下式制得:(3/%固体PUD)x20毫升)/100=溶解在(20-X)克水中的PUD的克数X。
依据美国专利第5626840号中详细描述的测试方法进行卷曲保持性测试。具有细雾的喷雾瓶用于该喷雾。所用的样品头发是Yaki褐色头发,8英寸,色号4。按照以下步骤进行卷曲保持性测试。将头发剪为各重约2克的样品,将它们的一端扎在一起。用10%的澄清香波溶液清洗各样品30秒,再用温和的自来水冲洗。将各样品上的头发剪成离固定端6英寸长。然后再次弄湿头发,梳理,挤去过多的水。将头发样品卷起,固定到0.5英寸直径的卷筒上,在49℃干燥约1小时。将干燥的头发从卷筒上取下,得到的卷发用扎紧端悬挂起来。测量各样品的卷曲高度。
对各卷发进行均匀地喷雾,每侧各喷四次。将卷发放入铝盘中,然后在49℃的烘箱中放置约30分钟使之干燥。然后再次悬挂干燥的卷发,测量卷曲长度(计为0分钟的卷曲长度),放入22℃、95%相对湿度的Thermotron中。测量24小时后的卷曲高度。
按照下式计算卷曲保持率:
其中L是完全伸展的头发的长度,6英寸。
L°是喷雾和暴露之前的卷曲长度,
L’是喷雾和暴露之后的卷曲长度。
按照以下方法评价发型保持性:在暴露于高湿度24小时后,将卷发梳理10次。根据卷发保持其初始形状和长度的能力评价发型保持性。在大部分情况中,卷曲仍然不受梳理的影响。
按照以下方法评价对头发的感觉:将未处理的头发和用PUD处理过的头发提交给由10个评判人组成的小组。要求评判人对头发的感觉给予1-5的评级,1表示最自然的柔软感,看不出聚合物的存在。
通过以下方法评价对头发的粘附性:使梳子通过经处理的头发,肉眼观察梳子和头发上剥落片和残余物的情况。
从表中可以看出,依据本发明的实施例1在对头发的粘附性、发感方面给出令人吃惊的良好结果,同时在卷曲保持和发型保持方面提供极佳的结果。
实施例6:晒黑露
使用实施例1的聚氨酯分散体配制晒黑露(suntan lotion),SPF级别为30+.
相 成分 重量%
A-水 丙二醇 1.00
去离子水 59.75
实施例1的PUD 5.00
Polargel UV 1116(Amcol) 3.75
对羟基苯甲酸甲酯,和
对羟基苯甲酸丁酯,和
对羟基苯甲酸丙酯 1.0
B-油 甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯 5.0
水杨酸辛酯 3.0
羟基甲氧基二苯甲酮 3.0
(Oxybenzone)
阿伏苯宗 2.0
肉豆蔻酸异丙酯 5.0
硬脂醇 2.0
硬脂酸甘油酯 2.0
硬脂酸 2.0
聚乙烯 2.5
磷酸十六烷酯 1.0
总计 100.00
该防晒剂(sunscreen)具有的极佳的防水性,以平滑的方式施用,具有良好的感觉。此外,该防晒剂表现出不起球的效果。
虽然在前文中为了说明起见对本发明进行了详细的描述,但应理解,这些详细描述仅仅是为了说明,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,本领域技术人员可对其进行修改,本发明仅由权利要求书限定。
Claims (11)
1.用以下方法制备的聚氨酯分散体在个人护理产品中的用途,该方法包括:
1)通过使1a)、1b)和1c)反应制备通式如下的预聚物:
式中
R1表示聚碳酸酯多元醇的二价基,
R2表示脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯的基,
R3表示分子量为62-700的二醇的基,任选地被离子基取代,
n是1-5,和
m>1;
其中
1a)至少一种聚碳酸酯多元醇,所述聚碳酸酯多元醇具有至少两个羟基且数均分子量为700-16000,
1b)一种或多种用通式R2(NCO)2表示的脂族或脂环族多异氰酸酯,其中R2表示具有4-18个碳原子的二价脂族烃基、具有5-15个碳原子的二价脂环族烃基、具有7-15个碳原子的二价芳脂族烃基,
1c)至少一种低分子量二醇,其任选地被离子基取代,所述低分子量二醇的分子量为62-700;
2)使所述预聚物与至少一种数均分子量等于或小于3000的单羟基官能聚环氧烷反应;
3)在有机溶剂存在下,用3a)和3b)对预聚物进行增链,形成聚氨酯:
3a)至少一种通式如下的增链剂:
H2N-R4-NH2
式中R4表示没有被离子基团或潜离子基团取代的亚烷基或环氧烷基,
3b)任选的至少一种通式如下的增链剂:
H2N-R5-NH2
式中R5表示被离子基团或潜离子基团取代的亚烷基;
4)将所述聚氨酯分散在水中;
5)除去有机溶剂,得到水性聚氨酯分散体;
其中,单羟基官能聚环氧烷的基在聚氨酯中占0.1重量%至5重量%。
3.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,用于链终止的化合物选自下组:甲胺、乙胺、丙胺、丁胺、辛胺、月桂胺、硬脂胺、异壬氧基丙胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二丁胺、N-甲基氨基丙胺、二乙基(甲基)氨基丙胺、吗啉、哌啶和二乙醇胺、二元伯胺和一元羧酸的酰胺胺、二元伯胺的单酮亚胺、伯胺/叔胺、氨基甲基丙醇、和它们的混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述一种或多种多异氰酸酯选自下组:1,4-丁二异氰酸酯、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、1,12-十二烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、3-异氰酸甲酯基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯)、4,4-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4-二环己基丙烷二异氰酸酯-(2,2)、和它们的混合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述低分子量二醇选自下组:乙二醇、二甘醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、环己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、1,6-己二醇、双酚A(2,2-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷)、氢化双酚A(2,2-二(4-羟基环己基)丙烷)、以及它们的混合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述低分子量二醇选自下组:二羟甲基丁酸和二羟甲基丙酸。
7.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于,所述低分子量二醇选自下组:二羟甲基丁酸和二羟甲基丙酸。
8.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述第二增链剂是N-(2-氨基乙基)-2-氨基乙磺酸的钠盐。
9.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述单羟基官能聚环氧烷化合物是数均分子量为2220的聚环氧乙烷单醇。
10.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,n是1-3,m是1-5。
11.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,R3是二甘醇的基,或者R4是二丙胺-二甘醇的基。
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US11/890,979 US7452525B1 (en) | 2007-08-08 | 2007-08-08 | Polyurethane dispersions based on polycarbonate polyols and suitable for use in personal care products |
US11/890,979 | 2007-08-08 |
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TWI468181B (zh) | 2015-01-11 |
RU2487900C2 (ru) | 2013-07-20 |
EP2028205A1 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
TW200914058A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
KR20090015842A (ko) | 2009-02-12 |
RU2008132440A (ru) | 2010-02-20 |
US7452525B1 (en) | 2008-11-18 |
CN101361701A (zh) | 2009-02-11 |
US20090041689A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
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