CN101356905A - High yield breeding method of bean hawk moth - Google Patents
High yield breeding method of bean hawk moth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield greenish brown hawk moth breeding method, which belongs to the technical field of insect breeding and solves the problems of short supply cycle, low per mu yield and low economic benefit of greenish brown hawk moth breeding in the prior art. The high-yield greenish brown hawk moth breeding method comprises the following steps: (1) choosing the greenish brown hawk moth species; (2) establishing a breeding field; (3) managing the breeding field: a greenhouse in the breeding field is divided into three blocks; the first block is used for growing soybeans in the middle ten days of March, the second block is used for growing the soybeans in the middle ten days of April, and the third block is used for growing the soybeans in the first ten days of June; (4) establishing a breeding field; (5) rotation of the soybeans in the breeding field: the breeding field is divided into blocks, the soybeans are planted in batches next year, and the soybean planting way is the same as the management mode of the breeding field; (6) breeding female moths: from the last ten days of April, the greenish brown hawk moth adults fly out successively, and after mating, the female moths are caught and put in the breeding field; (7) catching the greenish brown hawk moth: from the first ten days of May to early October, the greenish brown hawk moths at the right age are caught at regular intervals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultured insect technical field, be specifically related to a kind of high yield breeding method of bean hawk moth.
Background technology
The beans pellet is named bean worm again, is the larva of greenish brown hawk moth (Clanis Bilineata Walker).Greenish brown hawk moth belongs to Lepidoptera, and Sphingidae is distributed in provinces such as Hebei, Henan, Shandong, peace are little, Jiangsu, Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi.It is the primary pest of soybean crops, also can endanger mung bean, cowpea etc.The larval feeding soybean leaves of this worm can be eaten blade to become to incise, and hairworm can eat into the beans strain light stalk for a long time.A larva can be eaten up 2～3 strain beans leaves.
Greenish brown hawk moth comprises ovum, larva, pupa, 4 worm attitudes of adult throughout one's life.Because nutrient component is abundant in beans pellet and the pupal cell, there is the custom of edible beans pellet in the many areas of China.Especially Guanyun County, Jiangsu Province, according to examining the history that more than 300 year edible beans pellet arranged, having developed hundreds of is the dish of major ingredient with the beans pellet, and various deep processed products such as can, quick-frozen beans pellet.Simultaneously, the Guanyun County has developed into the red distribution centre of beans of national maximum, and purchase is from Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Henan, Hebei, even the beans pellet on ground such as northeast, sails again the counties and cities that sell to periphery simultaneously.It is reported that the broker that the Guanyun County, Lianyungang is engaged in the red marketing of beans now has people more than 400,8000 tons of annual turnovers, a year sale benefit reaches 1.8 hundred million yuan, makes more than 10,000 women realize seasonal employment.According to the statistics made by the departments concerned, the red annual turnover of Guanyun County beans was 8000 tons in 2005, and the whole county relies on the red related industry benefit of beans to reach 1.8 hundred million yuan.At the beginning of 2007 red 7 months listing just the time price per jin up to 90 yuan, at the bottom of August, the beginning of September peaks the phase, even also want one jin of six, seven yuan this moment.
The beans pellet is the local flavor deliciousness not only, and nutritious.According to surveying and determination, the crude protein quality mark of killing bean hawkmoth larva is 65.5% (dry weight), and it is amino acid whose 52.84% that wherein essential amino acid accounts for total amount, and semi-dispensable amino acid accounts for 9.70%; The crude fat mass fraction is 23.68%, and C162C18 fatty acid accounts for more than 99% of total fatty acids, and unsaturated fatty acid is 64.17%, and wherein linolenic acid reaches 36.53%.If killing bean hawkmoth larva is compared with egg, milk, soybean, then killing bean hawkmoth larva has shown higher protein, essential amino acid and essential fatty acid mass fraction, especially C18:3 linolenic acid content height.Simultaneously, the beans ginseng also contains the trace element and the trophic factors of multiple human body needs such as abundant calcium, phosphorus, iron and Cobastab, vitamin B2 etc.Special efficacies such as the beans pellet also has cholesterol reducing, prevent hypertension and atherosclerotic, treatment stomach trouble are a kind of pollution-free foods of pure natural, have high value of exploiting and utilizing.
Be that the wretched insufficiency of the red supply of beans mainly shows supply and supply season with the red market demand of beans increases paired ratio day by day.The beans pellet of existing market supply all is to grow under the wild state, and density is very little, and seizure is wasted time and energy, and supply is limited, can not meet the need of market far away.And the seasonality of the red supply of beans at present is very strong, has crossed outside seven, eight, 93 months, is difficult to see the figure of beans pellet on the market.It is the unique channel that solves red market supply of beans and seasonal constraint that the beans pellet is propagated artificially.Over past ten years, constantly there is the people groping the method that the beans pellet is propagated artificially, but all ends in failure basically.That subject matter appears at is thorough inadequately to understanding history of life of beans pellet, technology such as red selection, the preservation of surviving the winter, the beans pellet of planting of the beans of going into hibernation manually put in a suitable place to breed, natural enemy control do not pass a test etc.Also therefore, the seasonal problem of the red supply of beans never is resolved.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high yield breeding method of bean hawk moth, it has the red advantage that supply cycle is long, per mu yield is high, economic benefit is high of beans.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of high yield breeding method of bean hawk moth comprises:
(1) red the choosing of planting of beans: choose the beans pellet of going into hibernation and plant as beans are red;
(2) foundation of breeding field: select hidding and sunny side, good, the loose field of draining to build booth, be equipped with good irrigation system, and imbed the beans pellet and plant as breeding field;
(3) management of breeding field: the booth of breeding field is divided into three, and first is used for planting mid-March soybean, and second is used for planting mid-April soybean, and the 3rd is used for early June plantation soybean;
(4) foundation in breed field: select good, the loose field of draining to build booth as the breed field;
(5) crop rotation of breed field soybean: will culture the field piecemeal, soybean is planted in beginning in 1 year in batches, and the soybean planting mode is identical with breeding field;
(6) putting in a suitable place to breed of female moth: late April rises, and the red adult of beans flies out successively, catches the female moth of post-coitum and puts into the breed field;
(7) catching of beans pellet: rise the first tenday period of a month in May, catches of the right age beans pellet at regular intervals, until the beginning of October.
The red cultural method of beans provided by the invention from mid-March, can be put into breeding field with the red kind of beans and carry out breeding, when treating that the red adult of beans flies out, the female moth that catches post-coitum is put into and cultures the field, just can catch of the right age beans pellet thereby rise as far back as the first tenday period of a month in May, until the beginning of October.The present invention has the red advantage that supply cycle is long, per mu yield is high, economic benefit is high of beans.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of cultural method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of high yield breeding method of bean hawk moth, it has the red advantage that supply cycle is long, per mu yield is high, economic benefit is high of beans.Describe the present invention below.
As shown in Figure 1, high yield breeding method of bean hawk moth of the present invention comprises:
The red cultural method of beans provided by the invention from mid-March, can be put into breeding field with the red kind of beans and carry out breeding, when treating that the red adult of beans flies out, the female moth that catches post-coitum is put into and cultures the field, just can catch of the right age beans pellet thereby rise as far back as the first tenday period of a month in May, until the beginning of October.The present invention has the red advantage that supply cycle is long, per mu yield is high, economic benefit is high of beans.
Simply introduce the situation such as growth cycle, characteristics of greenish brown hawk moth below, so that those skilled in the art better understand this technical scheme.
Greenish brown hawk moth comprises ovum, larva, pupa, 4 worm attitudes of adult throughout one's life.
1, adult: long 40～45 millimeters of body, health and wing yellowish-brown, many fine hair.Cephalothorax dorsal line crineous, belly respectively saves back side trailing edge the brownish black band.Fore wing is long and narrow, and there is bigger semicircle brown speckle in the nearly central authorities of leading edge.6 breen wave-like cross striations are arranged on the finned surface, and drift angle has light crineous twill.Hind wing is less, crineous, and there is the reddish brown spot base portion top, near the yellowish-brown relief angle.
2, ovum: nearly spheroidal, 2～3 millimeters of diameters.Light green color during primiparity, the gradual change yellow-white darkens before the hatching.
3, larva: body is a cylindrical shape, and belly is made up of 10 joints.Pore has on preceding 8 joints.4 pairs of abdominal foots are given birth on 3～6 joints.One caudal horn is arranged on the octoon, and length is different because of the length of time.The red larva of beans is totally 5 ages.The identification in the length of time can nose shape and the caudal horn feature carry out.1 age and 5 ages are rounded, and 5 age the head breadth bigger about 9 times than an age.2,3,4 ages triangular in shape, crown point, but width difference, 3 ages with 4 age the caudal horn shape different, the caudal horn in 4 ages is curved slightly.
Specific as follows: in 1 age, the caudal horn pitchy is about 2 millimeters, is tiltedly straight shape; Body grew for 2 ages, and caudal horn is filbert, is about 3 millimeters, was tiltedly straight shape; In 3 ages, caudal horn is khaki, is about 4 millimeters, is tiltedly straight shape; In 4 ages, the caudal horn pistac is about 6 millimeters, and base portion is rented, and the end is bent downwardly slightly; In 5 ages, head is green, the health yellow green, and the yellow granule of close life, from belly the 1st joint, health two examples have 7 pairs of yellow-white twills, and the caudal horn yellow green is about 6 millimeters, and the caudal horn base portion is thick, and the end is bent downwardly.1～5 age average body length be respectively 1 centimetre, 1.4 centimetres, 2.0 centimetres, 3.6 centimetres, 6.8 centimetres.
4, pupa: long 40～50 millimeters of body, spindle, bronzing.One traverse furrow line is respectively arranged before the 5th～7 fat air throttle.Cremaster triangle, surface have many graininess projections, and end is bifurcated not.
Greenish brown hawk moth is taken place different with the zone from generation to generation.1 year 1 generation of the Yellow River and Huai He River basin; Reach 1 year 2 generation of South China along the Yangtze River.Survive the winter with mature larva 9～12 centimeters under beans field, limit, field mound and dunghill.After spring in next year was warm, larva rose to the face of land and does native chamber and pupate.The larva early and middle ten days in annual June of surviving the winter of generation generating region is pupated 10～15 days pupa time.Adult mid or late July Sheng is sent out.7～September of larval phase, with August early and middle ten days cause harm and contain most.Mature larva begins to survive the winter after September.In 1 year 2 generation,, the generating region larva early and middle ten days in May of surviving the winter pupated, first brood of larvae late May to early July the spring soybean of causing harm, second generation late July to early September the summer soybean of causing harm, mid or late August causes harm and contains most, mature larva buries and survives the winter after September.Larva average out in 1～3 length of time in age 5 days, be 10 days 4 ages, be 14.5 days 5 ages.
The greenish brown hawk moth adult is hidden by day and come out at night, and is stronger to the black light lamp taxis, 7～10 days life-spans.Hide daytime and perch at the plant middle part, mating on the crop that perches in night, the mating time average is laid eggs every about 3 hours more than 24 hours, and ovum looses and produces at the back side of beans strain upper blade 1 1～2.Every female moth can produce 200～300,4～7 days ovum phases.Killing bean hawkmoth larva has negative phototropism, and totally 5 ages, 4 prelarva daytimes in age, endangered the top tender leaf 1～2 age, stings the food leaf margin and become to incise or hole, generally do not move at leaf back; Appetite increase promptly commentaries on classics strain harm in 3～4 ages; Are gluttony stages 5 ages, and appetite accounts for 90% of total appetite of larval phase, and simultaneously because of weight increase, the blade holder is incessantly just moved on the basal shoot.
Among the present invention, in order to improve the output of beans pellet, the beans pellet of going into hibernation in the step 101 is preferably the beans pellet of going into hibernation of male and female half and half, stalwartness, and the red density of imbedding of planting of beans is preferably 30～60/m in the step 102
2, burying depth is 8～12cm.Simultaneously, pupate and sprout wings into moth at different time in order to realize the beans pellet, and prevent that adult from flying to escape, in the breeding field of step 103, it is two-layer that first booth has, the two-layer film that is; It is two-layer that second booth has, and internal layer is a net, and skin is a film; The 3rd booth has only one deck, is net.In the step 104 of the present invention, preferably culturing reaching the main header casing film all around and/or covering net of field, height is to make things convenient for personal management to be advisable, and the female moth that can avoid putting into flies away on the one hand, also can avoid being subjected to simultaneously the harm of natural enemies such as frog, toad, snake, cat, sparrow.
Red preferred 3～4 instars of the of the right age beans of catching in the step 107 of the present invention simultaneously.The beans pellet is not must support 5 ages aging beans pellets just to catch and sell.In fact, the local flavor of 3～4 ages (being commonly called as the green soya bean pellet) and 5 beans pellets in age (being commonly called as aging beans pellet) respectively has characteristics: the characteristics of green soya bean pellet are that local flavor is unusual delicious and fragrance is slightly inferior, and the characteristics of aging beans pellet are aromatic flavour and delicate flavour deficiency.From consumer's reaction, generally speaking be that the green soya bean pellet is more welcome, and the meat form of rolling out is better.And in advance the listing the green soya bean pellet cost an arm and a leg, every kilogram price often reaches more than 240 yuan, economic benefit is better.Moreover 5 age the beans pellet be in the gluttony phase, its food ingestion accounts for more than 90% of whole growth phase, thereby causes the red output of beans to be very limited, and has economic benefit more so culture and sell the green soya bean pellet.
In addition, the present invention also has the following advantages:
(1) set up breeding field, greenish brown hawk moth density is big, and the male and female mating machine can be many, can make the two weeks that shifts to an earlier date of beans pellet.Simultaneously, be convenient to centralized management.
(2) cause the red death of planting of beans for fear of breeding field arid or water logging, the mode that breeding field adopts film to cover, and be furnished with good irrigation system.And the booth condition helps pupating in advance of greenish brown hawk moth and sprouts wings.
(3) below breeding field booth plastic film, add one deck net, can avoid greenish brown hawk moth to fly away.And can take film proper time off, to reduce humidity in the canopy, to add forced ventilation, improves air quality, reduces the generation of the red disease of beans.
(4) technology of utilizing the present invention in batches to plant soybean can gather in the crops the green soya bean pellet, and output is very high multiple batches ofly.
(5) market price seasonality of beans pellet is very strong, and in general, the red price of the green soya bean that anti-season is cultured is very high, and the beans pellet (late August is to mid-September) of listing in enormous quantities is cheap.Output and the profit of using technology breed beans pellet of the present invention all are higher than conventional method far away.
(6) the present invention's supply that can make the beans pellet finished since May, October, had effectively prolonged supply cycle.
The enforcement of the technical program is described with specific embodiment below.
Embodiment one:
Select hidding and sunny side, good, the loose field of draining to build booth, be furnished with good irrigation system as breeding field.Booth has two-layer, and inside is net, and the outside is a plastic film, plants soybean mid-April.Choose the beans pellet of going into hibernation of male and female half and half, stalwartness from the market and plant, by 30～60/m as beans are red
2Density imbed in the breeding field, burying depth is 8～12cm.Select good, the loose field of draining as culturing the field, culture around the field and the main header casing net, height to be making things convenient for personal management to be advisable, the same breeding field of soybean planting mode.The red adult of late April beans can fly out successively, catches the female moth of post-coitum and puts into the breed field.In the first tenday period of a month in May, catch 3～4 instars at regular intervals and sell.
Embodiment two:
Select hidding and sunny side, good, the loose field of draining to build booth, be furnished with good irrigation system as breeding field.Booth is lived with guard, plants soybean June.Choose the beans pellet of going into hibernation of male and female half and half, stalwartness from the market and plant, by 30～60/m as beans are red
2Density imbed in the breeding field, burying depth is 8～12cm.Select good, the loose field of draining as culturing the field, culture around the field and the main header casing net, height is to make things convenient for personal management to be advisable.In booth, plant soybean June.The red adult of beans in July can fly out successively, catches the female moth of post-coitum and puts into the breed field.In August, catch 3～4 instars at regular intervals and sell.
Embodiment three:
Select hidding and sunny side, good, the loose field of draining to build booth, be furnished with good irrigation system as breeding field.Breeding field is divided into three, and it is two-layer that first booth has, and the two-layer film that is is planted soybean mid-March; It is two-layer that second booth has, and inside is net, and the outside is a plastic film, plants soybean mid-April; The 3rd booth only need cover net, early June plantation soybean.
Choose the beans pellet of going into hibernation of male and female half and half, stalwartness from the market and plant, by 30～60/m as beans are red
2Density imbed in the breeding field, burying depth is 8～12cm.Select good, the loose field of draining as culturing the field, culture around the field and the main header casing net, height is to make things convenient for personal management to be advisable.To culture the field and be divided into three, soybean is planted in beginning in 1 year in batches.First late March plantation; Second batch of late April plantation; The 3rd batch of late May plantation.Late June then takes out first soybean, plants the 4th batch in the original place, so circulation plantation, late August plantation last batch of soybean.Booth needed the cover film before May, other times then need not cover film.The red adult of late April beans can fly out successively, catches the female moth of post-coitum and puts into the breed field.In the first tenday period of a month in May, catch 3～4 instars at regular intervals and sell, so until the beginning of October.
The above; only be the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; can expect easily changing or replacing, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion by described protection domain with claim.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of high yield breeding method of bean hawk moth is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) red the choosing of planting of beans: choose the beans pellet of going into hibernation and plant as beans are red;
(2) foundation of breeding field: select hidding and sunny side, good, the loose field of draining to build booth, be equipped with good irrigation system, and imbed the beans pellet and plant as breeding field;
(3) management of breeding field: the booth of breeding field is divided into three, and first is used for planting mid-March soybean, and second is used for planting mid-April soybean, and the 3rd is used for early June plantation soybean;
(4) foundation in breed field: select good, the loose field of draining to build booth as the breed field;
(5) crop rotation of breed field soybean: will culture the field piecemeal, soybean is planted in beginning in 1 year in batches, and the soybean planting mode is identical with breeding field;
(6) putting in a suitable place to breed of female moth: late April rises, and the red adult of beans flies out successively, catches the female moth of post-coitum and puts into the breed field;
(7) catching of beans pellet: rise the first tenday period of a month in May, catches of the right age beans pellet at regular intervals, until the beginning of October.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the red beans pellet of going into hibernation for male and female half and half, stalwartness of the beans of going into hibernation in the described step (1).
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the red density of imbedding of planting of beans is 30～60/m in the described step (2)
2, burying depth is 8～12cm.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the breeding field of described step (3), it is two-layer that first booth has, the two-layer film that is; It is two-layer that second booth has, and internal layer is a net, and skin is a film; The 3rd booth has only one deck, is net.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (4), is culturing reaching the main header casing film all around and/or covering net of field.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (5) is specially:
To culture the field and be divided into three, first soybean late March plantation in the time of 1 year, second batch of late April plantation, the 3rd batch of late May plantation; Late June then takes out first soybean, plants the 4th batch in the original place, so circulation plantation, late August plantation last batch of soybean.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the booth in described breed field covered film before May, and other times do not cover film.
8, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the of the right age beans pellet in the described step (7) is 3～4 instars.
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| CN104839096A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-19 | 淮海工学院 | Method of overwintering and preserving clanis bilineata larvas |
| CN105325782A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-17 | 刘心元 | Clanis bilineata larva breeding solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN109744205A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-05-14 | 丹阳市长富农业技术有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of beans pellet |
| CN113100002A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-13 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Soybean-clanis bilineata tsingtauica one-year three-season planting and breeding mode |
| CN113100002B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-08-09 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Soybean-clanis bilineata tsingtauica one-year three-season planting and breeding mode |
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