CN101258044A - 电机的配置 - Google Patents

电机的配置 Download PDF

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CN101258044A
CN101258044A CNA2006800324432A CN200680032443A CN101258044A CN 101258044 A CN101258044 A CN 101258044A CN A2006800324432 A CNA2006800324432 A CN A2006800324432A CN 200680032443 A CN200680032443 A CN 200680032443A CN 101258044 A CN101258044 A CN 101258044A
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shaft
drive shaft
described configuration
tween drive
rotor
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CN101258044B (zh
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H·施拉姆
C·本乔
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Audi AG
Audi Hungaria Kft
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Audi Hungaria Motor Kft
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种在内燃机的动力输出轴与一个连接的用于汽车的变速器之间的电机的配置，其中由转子和定子构成的电机与一个中断力流的分离离合器组合。为了提供一种能够实现汽车的有利的轴向重量分配的结构，建议在内燃机(10)的动力输出轴(26)与电机(14)的转子(18)之间设置一根中间轴(36，36′)，并且在由此形成的轴向间距内定位一个差动装置(56)的一个横向于驱动旋转轴线(22)延伸的输出轴(20)，用于驱动汽车的一个车轮。

Description

电机的配置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分所述的在内燃机的动力输出轴与一个用于汽车的变速器之间的电机的配置。
背景技术
DE 10152476A1描述了一种此类的配置，其中电机设计成起动器-发电机装置；但电机在一种混合驱动装置中也可以附加或独立地驱动汽车。由于电机在汽车的配置中连接在内燃机下游，与一个同样需要的启动件相结合，可能产生结构上的问题，在具有前轮驱动或一个前部的轴差动装置的汽车的一个前侧驱动总成中尤其如此。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，建议一种此类型的配置，它在结构上特别紧凑的并且特别在前轮驱动或全轮驱动的情况下能够实现汽车的有利的轴向重量分配(Achsgewichtsverteilung)。
按照本发明，利用权利要求1表明的特征达到该目的。其他的权利要求描述本发明的有利的进一步构成。
按照本发明建议，在内燃机的动力输出轴与电机的转子之间设置一根中间轴，并且在由此形成的轴向间距内定位一个差动装置的一个横向于驱动旋转轴线延伸的输出轴，用于驱动汽车的一个车轮。这种配置能够例如在汽车的前轮驱动中以相应有利的轴向重量的分配将内燃机向后更远地设置，内燃机的位置通过定位前部的轴差动装置而确定。此外结构和设计的约束可以通过在电机的配置中和邻接的启动件例如一个分离离合器和/或一个扭矩转换器中的其他存在的结构的紧密度()加以修正。
在结构上特别紧凑的配置中，启动件与电机的转子可以组成一个结构单元并且集成到变速器的壳体中。当然，壳体必须是相应匹配的并在必要时是扩大的。
此外，中间轴和差动装置的输出轴可以设置在一个中间壳体中，差动装置侧向安装到该中间壳体上。由此造成各构件变成预组装单元的简化的制造，这些预组装单元然后可与内燃机组成一个驱动总成。
对此在进一步组装简化中，电机的转子可旋转地支承在变速器的一个横壁中并且通过一种插塞连接与中间轴传递转矩地连接。
此外，中间轴可以固定地与内燃机的动力输出轴连接或与其构成一件并因此同样与内燃机一起构成一个预组装单元。
在本发明的另一备选实施形式中，在内燃机的动力输出轴与中间轴之间可以接入一个扭转振动减振器。扭转振动减振器特别可以是一个双质量飞轮(ZMS)，其初级质量固定在动力输出轴上并且该双质量飞轮通过一些减振机构和一个圆盘形的传动件与中间耦合。作为备选方案，ZMS也可以连接在中间轴与电机的转子之间。由此造成，电机的转子和后接的启动件以有利的方式用作ZMS的次级质量。
此外可以结构上特别有利的是，将用作为启动件的分离离合器例如一个已知结构类型的单片干摩擦离合器与所述装置的转子组成一个结构单元，其中分离离合器可以至少部分地径向位于转子内。
对此优选环形的转子可以围绕一个罐形的驱动件设置，该驱动件同时构成分离离合器的压紧板。
有利组装的是，中间轴可以固定地与罐形的驱动件连接并且通过一种插塞连接传动上与ZMS的初级质量相对应。
此外特别有利的是，中间轴可以可旋转地支承在一个固定在变速器的壳体上的中间壁部分中继而确保转子与集成的分离离合器牢固的和抗振的支承。
中间壁部分可以至少在横向延伸的输出轴的区域内中断，因此必要时只在输出轴的上方构成并且支承一个用于中间轴的轴承，特别是一个滚动轴承。
最后，变速器的输入轴也可以可旋转地支承在罐形的驱动件中和/或中间轴中。
附图说明
以下利用其他的细节更详细地说明本发明的两个实施例。这些粗略的示意图显示的是：
图1电机的一种配置的侧视图，包括在内燃机的动力输出轴与用于汽车的变速器之间的一个分离离合器和一个分成的双质量飞轮(ZMS)；
图2按图1的另一备选配置，但在内燃机的动力输出轴上没有作为扭转振动减振装置的双质量飞轮；以及
图3按图2配置的粗略的示意俯视图。
具体实施方式
按图1，作为简图示出的驱动配置具有一个内燃机10、一个后接的只部分表明的变速器12和一个起动器-发电机装置14作为电机，起动器-发电机装置包括一个环形的定子16和一个环形的转子18。所述各构件大体上是用于汽车的未描述的传统的结构类型；这样变速器12可以是一个操纵变速装置(Schaltgetriebe)或一个自动变速器，装置14可以是任何类型的电机，例如一个三相异步电机，借助它可以起动内燃机10并且在混合驱动装置中可以驱动汽车。
一个差动装置以在图1中不明显可见的方式侧向安装在变速器12上，差动装置的一根输出轴20在驱动配置10、12、14的旋转轴线22的下方并且横向延伸地或与旋转轴线22交叉地由设置在内燃机10与变速器12之间的壳体24(离合器壳)引导并且通过一个延续的万向轴驱动汽车的一个车轮(例如在前轮驱动或全轮驱动的情况下)。
在内燃机10的动力输出轴或曲轴26上法兰连接一个扭转振动减振器或一个双质量飞轮(ZMS)，它由一个圆盘形的初级质量28、一个由弹簧组构成的减振装置30和一个尚待描述的次级质量组成。初级质量28和减振装置30可以是在ZMS中已知的实施形式。
一个圆盘形的传动件32以已知方式与减振装置30嵌接，传动件沿旋转方向看通过减振装置30耦合到初级质量28上并且通过一种插塞连接34以相应的插塞齿部与一根中间轴36传动连接。
中间轴36还通过一个形成的、旋转对称的轴承颈38可旋转地支承在圆盘形的初级质量28中的一个相应的轴承孔(没附图标记)中。
中间轴36还通过一个滚动轴承40可旋转地支承在壳体24的一个只部分地并且在输出轴20的上方构成的中间壁24a中，该中间轴36固定地与一罐形的、旋转对称的驱动件42连接，装置14的转子18安装在该驱动件的外圆周上。
在罐形的驱动件42内按本身已知的结构类型设置一个设为启动件的、只简示出的单片干摩擦离合器或分离离合器44，它包括一个与驱动件42螺钉拧紧的离合器盖46和一个定位在中间的传动圆盘48，传动圆盘48又旋转锁合地通过一种插塞连接与变速器12的输入轴50传动连接。
此外，输入轴50通过一个轴承点52可旋转地支承在驱动件42中。离合器44的传动圆盘48借助一个未示出的压紧装置直接压到用作离合器44的基板的驱动件42上。离合器的操纵装置未示出并且可以是已知的结构类型。
起动器-发电机装置14的定子16固定地安装到壳体24中并且与汽车的机载电网和一个相应的电子控制装置连接。在这种情况下在变速器12切换到怠速调整和/或打开分离离合器44时，内燃机10可以由装置14的电流供给起动并且此后在内燃机10运转时作为发电机用于产生电流。此外在混合驱动配置中，除了内燃机10，必要时可以通过装置14电力驱动汽车。
由于所描述的配置，传动件32、中间轴36、驱动件42与转子18和集成的离合器44一起构成ZMS的次级质量，它通过减振装置30相对于扭转振动减振地耦合到初级质量28上。
中间轴36的长度如明显可见那样这样估计，以致为横向延伸的输出轴20提供所需要的自由空间。
图2和3示出本发明的另一实施方案，它只被描述到其显著不同于图1的程度。功能上相同的部件设有相同的附图标记。
在这种情况下，在内燃机10的动力输出轴26上直接连接(例如通过一种法兰连接)或直接成型中间轴36′，它伸过一个设置在内燃机10与变速器12之间的、单独的中间壳体54。
在中间轴36′的下方，前部的轴差动装置56(参见图3)的输出轴20与其横向延伸地延伸，该差动装置侧向安装在中间壳体54上并且沿其纵伸如明显可见的那样可以伸出内燃机10和变速器12的壳体。因此内燃机10和变速器12可以相互较接近地定位。
电机14以其定子16和转子18设置在变速器12的壳体12a内，在一个输入侧的横壁58后，其中转子18通过一个滚动轴承60可旋转地支承在横壁58中并且以未更详细示出的方式在一个结构单元中支承分离离合器44，作为启动件。只简示出的离合器操纵装置62同样集成在变速器12中。
为了简化变速器12与电机14和分离离合器44的组装，横壁58设计成单独的中间壁，它定位和固定在中间壳体54与变速器12的壳体12a之间的法兰区域内。
中间轴36′通过一种统一用64标记的插塞连接旋转锁合地与电机14的转子18连接。
本发明并不限于所示的各实施例。这样，代替所述的分离离合器44，也可以按照变速器类型采用一个双离合器、一个液压操纵的片式离合器等。壳体24可以是在变速器12中通常的离合器壳，它相应地法兰连接到内燃机的壳体上。
在按图2和3的实施形式中，同样可以设置一个扭转振动减振装置或一个ZMS，它可以以本身已知的方式相应地安装到分离离合器44上。作为备选方案，扭转振动减振装置或ZMS可以如在附图的图2中虚线所示的那样设置在中间壳体54内并在差动装置56的输出轴20与变速器侧的横壁58之间。中间轴36′为此构成两件式的，包括一个与内燃机10的动力输出轴26连接的轴部分和一个与转子18通过插塞连接64连接的轴部分，该两个轴部分类似于图1必须相互可扭转地被支承。

Claims (14)

1.在内燃机的动力输出轴与一个连接的用于汽车的变速器之间的电机的配置，其中由转子和定子构成的电机与一个中断力流的启动件组合，其特征在于，在内燃机(10)的动力输出轴(26)与电机(14)的转子(18)之间设置一根中间轴(36，36′)，并且在由此形成的轴向间距内定位一个差动装置(56)的一个横向于驱动旋转轴线(22)延伸的输出轴(20)，用于驱动汽车的一个车轮。
2.按照权利要求1所述的配置，其特征在于，启动件(44)与电机(14)的转子(18)组成一个结构单元。
3.按照权利要求1和2所述的配置，其特征在于，电机(14)和启动件(44)集成到变速器(12)的壳体(12a)中。
4.按照权利要求1至3所述的配置，其特征在于，中间轴(36′)和差动装置(56)的输出轴(20)设置在一个中间壳体(54)中，差动装置(56)侧向安装到该中间壳体上。
5.按照上述权利要求之一项或多项所述的配置，其特征在于，电机(14)的转子(18)可旋转地支承在变速器(12)的一个横壁(58)中并且通过一种插塞连接(64)与中间轴(36′)传递转矩地连接。
6.按照权利要求5所述的配置，其特征在于，中间轴(36′)固定地与内燃机(10)的动力输出轴(26)连接或与其构成一件。
7.按照上述权利要求之一项或多项所述的配置，其特征在于，在内燃机(10)的动力输出轴(26)与电机(14)的转子(18)之间，一个扭转振动减振器(28，30，32)接入到中间轴(36)中。
8.按照权利要求7所述的配置，其特征在于，扭转振动减振器是一个双质量飞轮(ZMS)，其初级质量(28)固定在动力输出轴(26)上并且该双质量飞轮通过一个减振装置(30)和一个圆盘形的传动件(32)与中间轴(36)耦合。
9.按照权利要求7所述的配置，其特征在于，扭转振动减振器是一个双质量飞轮(ZMS)，其初级质量(28)固定在中间轴(36′)上并且该双质量飞轮通过一个减振装置(30)和一个圆盘形的传动件(32)与转子(18)传动连接。
10.按照上述权利要求之一项或多项所述的配置，其特征在于，电机(14)的环形的转子(18)围绕一个罐形的驱动件(42)设置，该驱动件同时构成一个作为启动件设置的分离离合器(44)的基板。
11.按照上述权利要求之一项或多项所述的配置，其特征在于，中间轴(36)固定地与罐形的驱动件(42)连接并且通过一种插塞连接(34)传动上与ZMS的圆盘形的传动件(32)相对应。
12.按照上述权利要求之一项或多项所述的配置，其特征在于，中间轴(36)通过一个固定在壳体(24)上的中间壁部分(24a)可旋转地支承。
13.按照权利要求12所述的配置，其特征在于，中间轴部分(24a)至少在横向延伸的输出轴(20)的区域内中断。
14.按照上述权利要求之一项或多项所述的配置，其特征在于，变速器(12)的输入轴(50)可旋转地支承在罐形的驱动件(42)中和/或中间轴(36)中。
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