CN103298638A - 用于交通工具传动系的混合动力模块 - Google Patents

用于交通工具传动系的混合动力模块 Download PDF

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CN103298638A
CN103298638A CN2011800621482A CN201180062148A CN103298638A CN 103298638 A CN103298638 A CN 103298638A CN 2011800621482 A CN2011800621482 A CN 2011800621482A CN 201180062148 A CN201180062148 A CN 201180062148A CN 103298638 A CN103298638 A CN 103298638A
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clutch
free gear
combustion engine
hybrid power
power module
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CN103298638B (zh
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D·赖茨
W·鲁德
M·施奈德
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405Housings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/424Friction clutches
    • B60Y2400/4242Friction clutches of dry type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/913One way
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/912Drive line clutch
    • Y10S903/914Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于具有内燃机和变速器的交通工具的传动系的混合动力模块,其中,所述混合动力模块在内燃机和变速器之间起作用并且具有电驱动装置、分离离合器和自由轮,并且所述分离离合器和所述自由轮相互并行地分别设置用于从内燃机朝变速器方向传递转矩,所述自由轮朝变速器方向传递来自内燃机的转矩并且在相反指向的转矩的情况下打开,并且能够通过调节可由分离离合器传递的转矩来调节由内燃机产生的转矩的由自由轮传递的份额,从而交通工具能够可选择地通过内燃机或者电驱动装置或者同时通过这两者组合地驱动。

Description

用于交通工具传动系的混合动力模块
技术领域
本发明涉及用于具有内燃机和变速器的交通工具的传动系的混合动力模块。
背景技术
由DE10036504A1公开了一种机动车的混合传动系,所述混合传动系包括内燃机、双质量飞轮、电驱动装置以及变速器,其中,第一分离离合器设置在内燃机和电驱动装置之间并且另外的分离离合器设置在电驱动装置和变速器之间。在发动机侧设置的第一分离离合器用于使内燃机从剩余的传动系去耦,以便纯粹电地行驶例如交通工具。在变速器侧设置的分离离合器用于,使内燃机通过电驱动装置起动并且在所述起动过程中使变速器去耦。由于构造空间的原因,所述电驱动装置和两个分离离合器可以在轴向上和径向上重叠,如在DE10036504A1的图2中所示,通过以下方式实现:即所述第一分离离合器集成在电驱动装置的转子中。由于构造技术方面的原因至少需要设置在发动机侧的分离离合器在电机的转子中集成,但这导致了相比较而言小的摩擦半径。由于所述摩擦半径的原因使得可传递转矩降低。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务在于,在基本上同样的构造空间需求中提高通过开头所述类型的混合动力模块传递的转矩。
所述任务根据本发明通过用于具有内燃机和变速器的交通工具的传动系的混合动力模块解决,其中,所述混合动力模块在内燃机和变速器之间起作用并且具有电驱动装置、分离离合器和自由轮,并且分离离合器和自由轮相互并行地分别设置用于从内燃机朝变速器方向传递转矩,所述自由轮朝变速器方向传递来自内燃机的转矩并且在相反指向的转矩的情况下打开,并且能够通过调节可由分离离合器传递的转矩来调节由自由轮传递由内燃机产生的转矩的部分,从而交通工具能够可选择地通过内燃机或者电驱动装置或者同时通过两者结合地被驱动。
以根据本发明的解决方案将由现有技术公开的、在发动机侧的分离式内燃机划分成两个在转矩流中相互并行设置的构件、也就是划分成分离离合器和自由轮。在打开的分离离合器中,全部由内燃机产生的转矩通过自由轮传递到变速器上。自由轮应当相应地如此被构造,使得可传递的转矩与可由内燃机产生的转矩相应。在根据本发明的混合动力模块中可以选择相对而言明显比可由内燃机产生的转矩低的分离离合器的转矩传递容量。例如在可由内燃机产生的700Nm至800Nm的转矩中可以将分离离合器设置为100Nm至130Nm,而自由轮应当设置为700Nm至800Nm。如果分离离合器部分地接合,那么与所述可由分离离合器传递的转矩相应地减少通过自由轮传递的转矩。换句话说,全部由内燃机产生的转矩划分到自由轮和分离离合器上,与所述可由分离离合器传递的转矩相对应(这又与分离离合器的操作力相关)。
在此,分离离合器可以在所述传动系的内燃机的运行中持续接合或保持接合,从而作为常规情况实现了在离合器和自由轮上的转矩划分。然而在此可能有利的是,离合器在内燃机的运行中至少部分打开或保持打开,例如在牵引换挡或者推进换挡的情况。
以根据本发明的分离离合器可以朝内燃机的方向传递转矩(自由轮在所述转矩传递的方向上打开)。相应地在分离离合器接合的情况下可以实现由电驱动(例如在80Nm至130Nm的情况下)的内燃机的牵引以及在电池在完全满格的状态中实现推进力矩(例如最大90Nm)的传递。
因此,根据本发明的混合动力模块包括如上所述的相互并行接通的分离离合器和自由轮,其中,内燃机朝传动系的方向的转矩可以仅由自由轮或者由自由轮和分离离合器共同地或者需要时仅通过分离离合器传递。另外,由传动系朝内燃机的方向指向的转矩仅通过分离离合器传递。
有利的是,分离离合器被构造为“常开”离合器,即在基本状态中被构造成打开的,并且通过关闭力拉合或压合。就这点而言这是有利的,离合器在所述传动系中在配备所述混合动力模块的交通工具的通常的运行状态的情况下打开70%。制动器的效率相应地在这种边界条件下在“常开”的离合器中比在“常闭”的离合器中更方便。
在内燃机运行中产生的交变力矩可以通过减振器装置、如双质量飞轮捕获,所述双质量飞轮设置在内燃机和混合动力模块之间。
本发明的另外优选的实施例是从属权利要求的内容。
附图说明
以下根据优选实施例结合所属附图更详细地说明本发明。其中:
图1:示意性地示出了具有所述混合动力模块的交通工具传动系;
图2:示出了混合动力模块的实施例,其中,自由轮设置在中心轴承的轴向旁侧,并且其中自由轮的内环同时承接与离合器盘以及与双质量飞轮的连接,并且其中自由轮的外保持架与变速器输入端连接;
图3:示出了混合动力模块的另外的实施例,其中,与根据图2的实施例相比,在自由轮上的内环和外环的连接被调换;
图4:示出了混合动力模块的实施例,其中,中心轴承和自由轮结合成轴向结构单元;
图5:示出了以中心轴承和自由轮径向嵌套的第一方式的混合动力模块另外的实施例,其中,中心轴承和自由轮结合成径向结构单元;
图6:示出了以自由轮和中心轴承径向嵌套的另外的方式的混合动力模块另外的实施例;
图7:示出了以自由轮和中心轴承径向嵌套以及结合的另外的方式的混合动力模块另外的实施例;
图8:示出了在曲轴和对于另外在变速器侧设置的离合器装置的连接部件之间的混合动力模块另外的实施例,所述实施例根据在图6中示意性示出的实施例;
图9:示出了多个用于混合动力模块的轴承组件和自由轮组件的实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示意性示出了交通工具的传动系,所述交通工具包括内燃机1、连接在内燃机1的曲轴2上的振动减振器(在这里是双质量飞轮)、具有自由轮5和分离离合器6的混合动力模块4以及电驱动装置的转子7和定子8、变速器9、差速器10和未单独示出的被驱动的车轮。
在此,图1只是示例性地说明。因此,内燃机1根据图1所示“只”包括两个缸。然而,本发明不限于这样的具体缸数。相反地,多于两个用于内燃机1的缸或者多个内燃机的并联和串联也是可以想到的。此外,图1示出了双质量飞轮。在这里可替代的是,单质量飞轮或者其它类型的振动减振器、如质量摆或离心力摆或者这些减振器元件的组合都可以被使用。与单个或多个内燃机的运转平稳相关地,需要时也可以取消这种减振器单元。另外,在图1中示出了(自动的)六级换挡变速器作为变速器,而本发明不限于此。相反地,可以想到将变速器构成自动变速器/分级变速器/CVT变速器或者其它类型的变速器、如曲柄连杆机构,需要时,也结合在变速器和电驱动装置7、8之间的其它分离单元(如转矩变换器、另外的分离离合器或者类似的组件)
图1尤其可以获悉所述混合动力模块,在内燃机1和变速器9之间设有两个并行的转矩传递线路:第一转矩传递线路具有分离离合器6并且第二转矩传递线路具有自由轮5,从而将由现有技术公开的、在发动机侧的分离离合器的功能划分为两个相互不同的构件。因此,由内燃机1产生的转矩根据作用在离合器上的操作力被划分到分离离合器和自由轮上。
如图1可获悉那样,自由轮将转矩从内燃机1传递到变速器9上并且在从变速器9到内燃机1的转矩流方向的情况下打开。在离合器接合的情况下,转矩可以从变速器9朝内燃机的方向传递。这尤其涉及由电行驶的内燃机的牵引以及在满格电池的情况下传递推动力矩。
但是,在传动系的内燃机运行的情况下,分离离合器通常的情况下是接合的,从而该分离离合器根据其施加的转矩传递能力在任何情况下部分地与自由轮一起传递可由内燃发动机传递的力矩。
在图1中示出的示图的第一结构构型方案可以在图2可以获悉,其示出了在双质量飞轮(“ZMS”)3和变速器9的变速器输入轴11之间的混合动力模块4的半截面,其中,双质量飞轮3的输出侧12与中心构件13(在这里通过轴向的插接齿部M2)连接。相应地,在双质量飞轮3和中间轴12的帮助下,由内燃机1产生的全部转矩被传递到混合动力模块的中心构件13上。中心构件13与自由轮5的内环14连接或中心构件13的一部分(例如套形的突起部)被直接设计成自由轮的内环14。自由轮5的外环与分离离合器4的离合器壳体15连接或离合器壳体15的一部分直接构造成外环或构造成滚动圈的外保持架。离合器壳体15(优选通过另外的轴向插接齿部M3)与变速器9的变速器输入轴11连接,其中,在离合器壳体和变速器输入轴之间可以设置另外的分离离合器(例如变换器或者另外的摩擦离合器)。
此外,离合器壳体15包括圆柱形部分15a,所述圆柱形部分同时是电驱动装置7、8的转子7的部分。因此在这里,转子的永久磁铁直接固定在离合器壳体的圆柱形部分15a上。
此外,离合器壳体15包括径向延伸的区域15b,所述区域15b在径向外区域上与所述圆柱形部分15a连接,并且所述区域15b在径向内区域中具有套形的段,所述段支撑在中心轴承16上。
中心轴承16又设置在分离离合器6的操作装置18的壳体17上或套形构件17上,操作装置可以支撑在所述套形构件上。
操作装置18在这里包括液压的操作单元,所述操作单元具有相对于中间轴12同轴地设置的液压缸,所述液压缸操作杠杆弹簧19,所述杠杆弹簧支撑在分离离合器6的离合器壳体15的另一个径向延伸的区域15c上并且所述杠杆弹簧可根据操作缸的位置在轴向方向上以操作力加载压紧板20。
根据压紧板20的轴向位移,在压紧板20和分离离合器6的离合器壳体之间夹紧离合器盘21,由此可以接合分离离合器6。
分离离合器6的离合器盘21通过轴向插接齿部M1与中心构件13相对不可转动地连接。
操作单元18被固定在变速器壳体22上。
如在图2中所示,中心轴承16(在这里被构造成固定支座)可以基本上设置在自由轮5的轴向旁侧(即在可比较的直径上),其中,自由轮的内环承担与离合器盘以及与双质量飞轮(通过中心构件13)连接的功能,并且自由轮5的外保持架通过离合器壳体15与变速器输入端连接。
在图3中示出了混合动力模块另外的实施例,该实施例与图2的实施例区别仅仅在于自由轮的布置以及离合器壳体15和中心构件13的对此所需的构型的方面。剩余的特征与上述根据图2的实施例相同。因此,在根据图3的实施例中,内环和外环在自由轮上的连接被交换,其中,自由轮5的外环还是中心构件13的组成部分并且自由轮5的内环还是离合器壳体15的组成部分。
图2或图3布置结构的选择可以根据牵引力矩优化以及根据高转速时的锁死功能选择。
图2和图3的实施例的共同之处在于,自由轮5和中心轴承16基本上设置在可比较的直径上。如果自由轮5和中心轴承16的轴向位置相互接近,那么这两个结构元件也可以组合成一个结构单元。
在图4中示意性地示出了这种具有由中心轴承和自由轮组成的结构单元的构型方案,其中通过图4中的箭头示出了待密封的位置。与根据图2和图3的实施例相比,可以取消一个密封件。只需要3个密封件。另外,中心构件14的构型可以在根据图4的实施例中相对于根据图2和图3的实施例简化。
在图5中示出了混合动力模块4的另一实施例,其中,中心轴承16和自由轮5设置成径向嵌套。除此之外,中心构件13如此被构造,使得它同时形成中心轴承16的外环和自由轮5的内环,以便又形成由中心轴承和自由轮组成的结构单元。又可以取消在图2和3中所需要的密封件。
在图6中示出了自由轮5和中心轴承径向嵌套的另外的可能性方案,其中,在这里自由轮5的内环与中心构件13一体地构造,并且离合器壳体15包括套形段15d,在所述套形段上设置或构造自由轮5的外环。与此相比,在离合器壳体15的另外的套形段15e上可以设置或构造中心轴承16的轴承外环。
在图7中示出了混合动力模块的另一实施例,其中,自由轮5和中心轴承16也是嵌套地布置,并且离合器壳体15具有套形段15f,在所述套形段上设置或构造所述轴承16的轴承外环和所述自由轮5的内环。在图7中通过箭头又示出了待密封的位置。
从图5至图7的实施例中正好也可以获悉,中心轴承和自由轮径向嵌套,其中,这些结构组件的另外的组合可通过以下方式进行,即,轴承外环和自由轮内环或者反过来组合成一个构件,其中,与在单独的构造中的4个密封件相比,在这里相应地仅需要3个密封件。
在图8中示出了混合动力模块4的另一实施例,其中,来自曲轴2的转矩通过ZMS3(在这里被构成具有处于内部的离心力摆)传递到中间轴12上(所述中间轴固定在双质量飞轮的次级法兰上或与所述次级法兰一体地构造)。中间轴12通过径向轴承可转动地支撑在壳体构件17或法兰构件17上。中心轴承16也设置在所述法兰构件17上,所述中心轴承被构造成在法兰构件17和离合器壳体15之间的固定轴承。相应地,中心法兰16的轴承内环通过环元件16a和保险环16b固定,并且中心轴承16的轴承外环通过离合器壳体15的法兰段15g与盖板23连接地固定。法兰构件17连接在离合器壳体22上并且可以是操作装置18的壳体的组成部分。操作装置18在这里构造成具有相对于中间轴12同轴设置的中心缸以及在这里半连接的操作活塞的液压操作单元。半连接在这种情况下意味着:在操作活塞和操作轴承24之间设有轴向间隙,以避免在操作离合器期间出现的干扰。
根据图8的示图还包括了杠杆弹簧19的两个极端位置:即操作轴承24的后部位置以及操作轴承24的前部位置。
离合器壳体又带有电驱动装置的转子7或无论如何与所述转子回转连接。另外,离合器壳体15通过径向段15h与另外的中间轴25连接,其中,在段15h上也设有用于离合器盘21的支撑面,所述支撑面可以夹紧在所述段15h和压紧板20之间。
在此,离合器盘21的毂通过轴向插接齿部与中心构件13连接。
另外,中心构件13也与自由轮5的内环连接,其中,自由轮5的外环通过中间构件26连接在离合器壳体15上。
在离合器壳体15和中间轴25之间又设有轴向插接齿部。中间轴25可以通过另外的离合器单元或直接与变速器连接。
在图9中示出了自由轮和中心轴承的组合的不同变型方案,其中,作为例子A示出图5的径向嵌套并且示出被用来密封的密封件D1、D2和D3。
在图9的区域B中示出了径向嵌套的另外的可能性方案,其中,中心轴承的轴承内环与法兰构件17'一体地构造,并且中心构件13'构造有凸缘,以便产生用于离合器壳体段15B'的间隙密封。密封件D1、D2和D3从现在起又以稍微变化的布置结构示出。
在图9的区域C和D中示出了中心轴承16和自由轮5的轴向结构组件形成的两个可能性方案。
附图标记列表
1    内燃机
2    曲轴
3    双质量飞轮
4    混合动力模块
5    自由轮
6    分离离合器
7    转子
8    定子
9    变速器
10   差速器
11   变速器输入侧
12   输出侧
13   中心构件
13'  中心构件
14   内环
15   离合器壳体
15A  圆柱形部分
15B  径向延伸区域
15B' 离合器壳体段
15C  径向延伸区域
15D  套形段
15E  套形段
15G  法兰段
15H  径向段
16   中心轴承
16A  环元件
16B  保险环
17   壳体
18   操作装置
19   杠杆弹簧
20   压紧板
22   变速器壳体
23   盖板
24   操作轴承
25   中间轴
26   中间构件
D1   密封件
D2   密封件
D3   密封件
M1   插接齿部
M2   插接齿部
M3   插接齿部

Claims (18)

1.混合动力模块,其用于具有内燃机和变速器的交通工具的传动系,其中,所述混合动力模块在内燃机和变速器之间起作用并且具有电驱动装置、分离离合器和自由轮,并且所述分离离合器和所述自由轮相互并行地分别设置用于从内燃机朝变速器的方向进行转矩传递,所述自由轮将来自内燃机的转矩朝变速器方向传递并且在相反指向的转矩的情况下打开,并且能够通过调节可由分离离合器传递的转矩来调节由内燃机产生的转矩的由自由轮传递的份额,从而使得交通工具能够可选地通过所述内燃机或者所述电驱动装置或者同时通过这两者组合地驱动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述分离离合器包括离合器壳体,所述离合器壳体与变速器输入轴通过不可相对转动的第一连接、尤其第一轴向插接齿部来连接,并且所述电驱动装置的转子将转矩传递到所述离合器壳体上,其中,所述自由轮设置在曲轴和离合器壳体之间的转矩流中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力模块,其具有中心构件,所述中心构件与所述曲轴并且与所述分离离合器的离合器盘不可相对转动地连接,并且所述自由轮设置在中心构件和离合器壳体之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述中心构件通过不可相对转动的第二连接、尤其第二轴向插接齿部与所述曲轴或者与一个与所述曲轴连接的构件连接,并且通过不可相对转动的第三连接、尤其第三轴向插接齿部与所述分离离合器的离合器盘的毂连接。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述离合器壳体通过中心轴承轴向地并且径向地支承在所述变速器壳体上。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其具有液压的或者气动的或者电机械的或者电的操作单元,用于操作所述分离离合器,其中,所述中心轴承设置在所述操作单元的壳体上。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述分离离合器设置在所述电驱动装置的转子的径向内部或者在轴向上与所述电驱动装置的转子至少部分地重叠地设置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述分离离合器的转子与所述离合器壳体不可相对转动地连接或者与所述离合器壳体一体式地构造。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其具有飞轮质量减振器、尤其双质量飞轮,所述飞轮质量减振器设置在内燃机和混合动力模块之间的传动系中。
10.根据权利要求9中所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述飞轮质量减振器的输出侧与一个中间轴不可相对转动地连接、尤其螺接或者铆接,所述中间轴穿过所述操作装置延伸并且通过一个径向支承装置支承在所述操作装置的壳体中。
11.根据权利要求10中所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述中间轴通过所述不可相对转动的第二连接与所述中心构件连接。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述分离离合器被设置用于当转矩应当从传动系朝内燃机方向传递时朝内燃机的方向传递转矩。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述中心轴承和所述自由轮轴向和/或径向组合成一个结构单元。
14.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述中心轴承和所述自由轮径向嵌套地或者轴向相邻地设置。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的混合动力模块,其中,中心轴承和自由轮以如下方式径向组合成一个结构单元,使得所述轴承的工作面和所述自由轮的工作面组合成一个构件。
16.根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述自由轮的内环同时承担与所述离合器盘以及与曲轴连接的功能并且所述自由轮的外环与所述变速器输入端连接,或者所述自由轮的内环与所述变速器输入端连接并且所述自由轮的外环同时承担与所述离合器盘以及与所述曲轴连接的功能。
17.根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的混合动力模块,其中,所述分离离合器被构造为在基本状态中接合。
18.用于在机动车的传动系中传递转矩的方法,所述机动车具有内燃机、电驱动装置和变速器,以及具有分离离合器和自由轮,所述分离离合器和自由轮设置在内燃机和电驱动装置之间,其中,所述机动车能够可选地通过所述内燃机或所述电驱动装置或者同时通过这两者组合地驱动,其方式是,来自内燃机的转矩通过所述自由轮和/或通过所述分离离合器朝变速器的方向传递,并且能够通过调节可由分离离合器传递的转矩来调节由内燃机产生的转矩的由自由轮传递的份额。
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