CN101212911B - 含水解的蛋白质的婴儿营养品 - Google Patents
含水解的蛋白质的婴儿营养品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101212911B CN101212911B CN200680023774XA CN200680023774A CN101212911B CN 101212911 B CN101212911 B CN 101212911B CN 200680023774X A CN200680023774X A CN 200680023774XA CN 200680023774 A CN200680023774 A CN 200680023774A CN 101212911 B CN101212911 B CN 101212911B
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Abstract
本发明涉及治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的方法,其包括施用含有脂肪、易消化的碳水化物和蛋白质的营养组合物,其中以蛋白质的净重计,所述蛋白质含有至少25重量%的链长2至30个氨基酸的肽。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及婴儿营养品领域,特别是涉及营养全面配方和这种婴儿营养品在预防和/或治儿童肥胖症中的用途。
背景技术
在发达国家中,儿童肥胖症是一个日趋严重化的问题。例如,在美国,在2000年15%的儿童(不超过11岁)被认为是肥胖的,但是在1980年时,这一数字是7%。在欧洲,儿童肥胖症在逐渐增加。
患肥胖症的儿童很可能在到成年期还一直是肥胖的。儿童肥胖症与血压和脂肪类含量升高有关,并增加了在生命后期患如哮喘、II型糖尿病和心血管疾病的风险。而且,大多数西方人认为超重是不美的。儿童肥胖症的原因包括缺乏经常的体力煅炼、久坐行为、饮食习惯、社会-经济因素和基因因素。早期的营养在预防儿童肥胖症中起重要的作用;Armstrong&Reilly(2002,Lancet 359:2003-4)发现母乳喂养可减少儿童肥胖症的机率。
母乳喂养是喂养婴儿优选的方法。但是,有些情况下不可能进行母乳喂养或不希望进行母乳喂养。在这些情况下,婴儿配方和二段配方(follow-on formula)是很好的选择。现代婴儿或二段婴儿配方的组成因能满足生长和发育很快的婴儿的特殊营养要求而适用。用配方喂养的婴儿(几乎)完全依赖这些配方来提供食物和水。正常的针对肥胖症的补救措施例如限制摄入的热量、抑制食物的吸收、增加饱腹感、减少食欲或增加产热是不可行的,因为这样会使婴儿严格的营养需求会受到威胁。
WO 2004069265公开了源自乳清蛋白水解产物的肽的应用,其可用作药物中的活性组分或用作食物组分来提高有需要的动物(包括人在内)血液中的胆囊收缩素水平,和用来预防或治疗超重和/或肥胖症。
WO03074129公开了一种调节体重状况的营养补充组合物,该组合物含有治疗有效量的乳矿物,其包括钙、包括酪蛋白片段106-169的蛋白质源、和酶抑制肽。在调节包括超重和肥胖症在内的体重状况时,服用有效量的该营养补充组合物可以限制体重的增加和/或促进体重的减少,也可以促进整体的健康状况。
WO03005836公开了针对婴儿、儿童和成人用的膳食产品,该产品含有充足量的和比率的中链脂肪酸和ω-多不饱和脂肪酸。消耗这些膳食产品有助于预防正在发育的个体的肥胖症,也有助于减少正在尽力减轻体重或减肥的个体(如肥胖个体)的身体脂肪量。
发明内容
用婴儿配方喂养的婴儿比用人乳喂养的婴儿具有更高的餐后胰岛素应答,而血糖水平不降低。因为母乳喂养被确信能预防儿童肥胖症,与人乳喂养相比,用婴儿配方喂养导致出现的胰岛素和葡萄糖水平的增加是不希望的。胰岛素和葡萄糖水平的增加表明在用配方喂养的婴儿体内形成胰岛素耐受,这种情况被认为会导致形成儿童肥胖症。
本发明令人惊讶地发现,与服用包含完整的酪蛋白和完整的乳清蛋白质的组合物相比,服用其中的蛋白质包含水解的酪蛋白和水解的乳清的组合物将降低餐后胰岛素和葡萄糖的水平。服用水解的酪蛋白和水解的乳清后观察到的餐后胰岛素和餐后血糖水平相当并与用人乳喂养的餐后胰岛素和餐后血糖水平相近。
因此,本发明发现水解的酪蛋白和水解的乳清蛋白质的组合能有利地用于治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的方法中。本发明也适用于治疗和/或预防患有儿童肥胖症的儿童的继发疾病的方法中,特别是选自(II型)糖尿病、胰岛素耐受、心血管疾病、高血压、哮喘、睡眠呼吸暂停、骨科并发症(特别是腿骨和胯骨)或关节炎的一种或多种继发疾病。
本发明的另一方面提供治疗和/预防儿童肥胖症的方法,所述的方法包括将组合物给药于婴儿,所述的组合物包含水解的酪蛋白、水解的乳清和不易消化的可发酵的碳水化物。
发明详述
一方面,本发明提供了脂肪、可消化的碳水化合物和蛋白质在制备营养组合物中的用途,其中以蛋白质净重计,蛋白质包含至少25重量%的链长为2至30个氨基酸的肽;所述的营养组合物可用于治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的方法。
另一方面,本发明提供治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的方法,所述的方法包括向婴儿给予营养组合物,所述的营养组合物包含脂肪、可消化的碳水化合物和蛋白质,其中以蛋白质净重计,蛋白质包含至少25重量%的链长为2至30个氨基酸的肽。
在另一方面,上述的用途和方法能合适地用于治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的患者的II型糖尿病、哮喘、关节炎、高血压、睡眠呼吸暂停、心血管疾病、和/或骨科疾病的方法中。
在另一方面,本发明提供一种营养组合物,所述的组合物包括35至60en%的脂肪,25至75en%的可消化的碳水化合物,5至16en%的蛋白质,和选自聚果糖或半乳糖低聚糖的不易水化的、可发酵的碳水化合物;其中以蛋白质净重计,蛋白质包含至少25重量%的链长为2至30个氨基酸的肽;以蛋白质净重计,至少50重量%源自蛋白质的哺乳动物奶;酪蛋白和乳清的重量比为酪蛋白∶乳清10∶90至90∶10的酪蛋白和乳清;和以蛋白质的重量计,含小于15重量%的游离氨基酸。
本发明中所用的术语“儿童肥胖症”指儿童患有的肥胖症或超重。婴儿和儿童可能患儿童肥胖症。特别是,年龄-性别特异性BMI在85th%以上的儿童,甚至在95th%以上的儿童患儿童肥胖症。BMI(体质指数,body mass index)是一种人体测量手段,定义为体重(以千克计)除以身高(以米计)的平方。公众可以在例如美国National Center for HealthStatistics获取年龄-性别特异性BMI表。如果儿童的年龄-性别特异性BMI在85th%以上或甚至在95th%以上,这就意味85%甚至95%的相同年龄和性别的儿童人群具有更低的BMI。
蛋白质
以蛋白质净重计,本发明的组合物含有的蛋白质包含至少25重量%的链长为2至30个氨基酸的肽。链长为2至30个氨基酸的肽的量能如Freitas等1993,J.Agric.Food Chem 41:1432-1438所公开的那样确定。
以总的蛋白质计,本发明所述的组合物优选含有至少50重量%的源自非人乳的蛋白质,更优选至少90重量%。优选地,以总的蛋白质计,本发明所述的组合物优选含有至少50重量%的源自牛奶的蛋白质,更优选至少90重量%。优选地,本发明所述的组合物包括含有降低浓度的酪蛋白糖巨肽(Glycomacropeptide)的蛋白质,该蛋白质源自酸性乳清和/或甜乳清。通常分子量8000道尔顿(daltons)的酪蛋白糖巨肽(GMP)是含106-169个κ-酪蛋白氨基酸残基的源自酪蛋白的乳清蛋白质,并且通过凝乳酶(chymosin)的溶蛋白行为从κ-酪蛋白中释放。GMP是糖基化的。键接于GMP分子肽骨架上的糖基化部分优选地包含7至8%的N神经氨酸(通常已知为唾液酸)。在一个实施方式中,所述的组合物包括含有增加浓度的酪蛋白糖巨肽的乳清蛋白质,该乳清蛋白质源自牛奶。优选地,本发明的组合物包括源自β-酪蛋白和/或α-乳清蛋白的蛋白质。优选地,本发明的组合物包含水解的乳清蛋白质和水解的酪蛋白。酪蛋白和乳清蛋白质存在的比率优选为酪蛋白∶乳清10∶90至90∶10,更优选20∶80至80∶20。这是一个任选的范围,因为牛乳酪蛋白的氨基酸组成与在人乳蛋白质中发现的氨基酸组成更相似,并且乳清蛋白质更容易消化和在人乳中的比率更大。
本发明的组合物即包括酪蛋白水解物和乳清蛋白水解物,因为牛乳酪蛋白的氨基酸组成与在人乳蛋白质中发现的氨基酸组成更相似,并且乳清蛋白质更容易消化和在人乳中的比率更大。
本发明组合物优选地包括大米蛋白质。大米蛋白质和它的部分水解产物是低过敏的、易消化的和具有中等平衡的氨基酸组成。为了改善氨基酸平衡,大米蛋白质优选地与如赖氨酸的必需氨基酸组合。在优选的实施方式中,大米蛋白质与豆类蛋白质组合,更优选为豌豆蛋白或大豆蛋白质。
本发明组合物优选地包括5至16en%的蛋白质,最优选8.0至12.0en%的蛋白质。en%是能量百分数的简称,并表示每个组分对配方的总热量值贡献的相对量。组合物中的能量源自可消化的碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质。本发明中所用的术语蛋白质指蛋白质、肽和游离氨基酸的总称。
每100毫升即食的组合物优选地包含1.0至6.0克蛋白质,更优选1.0至2.5克蛋白质。以组合物的净重计,本发明组合物相对优选地包括至少7.0重量%的蛋白质,更优选至少8.0重量%。优选地,以总组合物的净重计,本组合物包括最多40重量%的蛋白质,更优选最多20重量%的蛋白质。以组合物的净重计,重量%根据Kjeldahl百分数,N*6.25来计算,其中N是测得的氮的量。
以蛋白质的总重量计,本发明组合物优选地包括至少50重量%的蛋白质水解产物,更优选至少80重量%的蛋白质水解产物,最优选约100重量%的蛋白质水解产物。
本组合物每100克蛋白质中优选包括小于10克的游离氨基酸,更优选小于7克。相对低的氨基酸含量导致低的渗透压,从而防止了胃肠道/消化系统不适如腹泻。低含量的游离氨基酸更有利于减少苦味;游离氨基酸使配方产生苦味。而且,游离氨基酸与肽相比在肠道中更难吸收。因此,本发明组合物中的游离氨基酸的量优选地是受限制的。
以总的蛋白质%计,本发明组合物包含至少25重量%的链长为2至30个氨基酸的肽,优选至少40重量%,最优选至少50重量%。优选地,以总的蛋白质计,本发明组合物包含至少25重量%的链长为2至15个氨基酸的肽,优选至少40重量%,最优选至少50重量%。优选地,至少0.5重量%,更优选至少1重量%,最优选至少5重量%的蛋白质由链长为15至30个氨基酸的肽组成。优选地,以总的蛋白质计,本发明组合物含有0.5至8重量%的链长大于30个氨基酸的肽,更优选至少0.7至7重量%,进一步优选0.75至5重量%。本发明的小分子肽(链长为2至15个氨基酸)改善了蛋白质的可消化性,因而改善了整个配方。而且,链长15至30个氨基酸的肽的存在可使婴儿的消化系统适应更大分子量的和/或完整的肽。优选地,蛋白质组分的至少80重量%,更优选至少95重量%的链长大于4,更优选大于9个氨基酸。换言之,为了降低产品的渗透压,改善产品的味道和改善产品的可消化性,优选小于20重量%,更优选小于5重量%的蛋白质组分由游离氨基酸和链长不大于或等于4,更优选不大于或等于9个氨基酸的肽组成。
本组合物优选地包含蛋白质水解度为5至25%的蛋白质,更优选7.5至21%,最优选10至20%。水解度定义为:被酶水解破坏的肽键的百分数,100%表示存在的总的潜在的肽键。含上述水解度的蛋白质提供足够的链长2至30的肽。
可消化的碳水化合物
本发明组合物优选地包括可消化的碳水化合物,优选乳糖。本发明组合物优选含有25至75en%的可消化的碳水化合物,更优选40至55en%。本发明组合物优选每100毫升含有6至19克可消化的碳水化合物,更优选每100毫升即食液体含有6至10克可消化的碳水化合物。每100克净重的本发明组合物相对地包括40至75克可消化的碳水化合物。
因为较低的胰岛素应答和血糖指数是重要的,优选至少35重量%,更优选至少50重量%,进一步优选至少75重量%,最优选至少95重量%的本发明组合物中的可消化的碳水化物是乳糖。
脂肪
本发明组合物含有脂肪。以总的脂肪酸计,饱和脂肪酸的量优选在58重量%以下,更优选45重量%以下。以总的脂肪酸的重量计,单不饱和脂肪酸的浓度优选的范围为17至60%。以总的脂肪酸的重量计,本发明组合物中的多不饱和脂肪酸的浓度优选为11至36%。脂肪对婴儿的生长是必须的,但是在另一方面,脂肪会导致儿童肥胖症的发生。在本发明含蛋白质的组合物中的脂肪混合物被认为可良好预防儿童肥胖症。
应当存在充足量的必需脂肪酸亚麻酸(LA;ω6脂肪酸)和α-亚麻酸(ALA;ω3脂肪酸)并以平衡的比率存在,因为LA和ALA不足和不平衡与如胰岛素耐受和肥胖症状况相关。因此,本发明组合物优选每100毫升即食组合物含0.3至1.5克LA,和每100毫升中含有至少50毫克ALA。以组合物的净重计,本组合物优选地含有1.8至12.0重量%的LA,和至少0.30重量%的ALA。LA/ALA重量比优选5至15。优选地,本发明组合物含有长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA),更优选二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和/或二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)。DHA和EPA均可改善胰岛素敏感性,因此有利地包括在本发明组合物中。具有上述性能的脂肪组合物被确信在预防和/或治疗儿童肥胖症中能与水解的蛋白质协同起作用。
如果是采用即食液体形式,本发明组合物优选每100毫升包含2.1至6.5克脂肪。以净重计,本发明组合物优选地包含12.5至30重量%的脂肪。本发明组合物优选地包含35至60能量%的脂肪,更优选39至50能量%的脂肪。
不易消化的、可发酵的碳水化合物
不易消化的碳水化合物是经口摄食后进入人的结肠而保持完整的碳水化合物。在此所用的术语“可发酵的”指在胃肠道下部(如结肠)经微生物进行(厌氧的)降解的能力和转化成小分子,特别是短链脂肪酸和乳酸的能力。可发酵性可以用Am.J.Clin.Nutr.53,1418-1424(1991)公开的方法来确定。
不易消化的、可发酵的碳水化合物(NDFC)具有血糖回火效应(tempering effect),因为它们延缓胃排空和减少小肠传递时间。这种功效可能是通过形成的短链脂肪酸形成的,其中短链脂肪酸是在结肠中通过所谓的回肠胃-结肠刹车作用(ileo-colonic brake)由寡糖制成的,这种刹车作用指通过到达回肠-结肠连接处的营养物对胃排空的抑制作用。因此,NDFC和水解的蛋白质被认为能协同地预防和/或治疗儿童肥胖症。
根据优选的一个实施方式,所述的组合物包含一种或多种不易消化的、可发酵的碳水化合物。所述的组合物优选每100毫升即食的液体组合物包含0.1至1.5克,优选0.2至1.0克NDFC。以组合物总的净重量计,该组合物优选地包含至少0.5重量%的NDFC,更优选至少1.2重量%,最优选至少2.5重量%。优选地,以组合物的净重量计,该组合物包含最多15重量%的NDFC,更优选最多12重量%的NDFC,最优选最多8重量%的NDFC。优选地,本发明组合物包含至少一种选自如下的能在人的消化道中抗消化的NDFC,这种NDFC选自聚果糖、果糖-低聚糖、半乳糖-低聚糖、部分水解的半乳甘露聚糖、包括低聚糖的低聚半乳糖醛酸、或多聚糊精。优选地,本发明组合物含有果糖-低聚糖混合物。在一个特别优选的实施方式中,所述的组合物含有聚果糖。聚果糖减少肥胖症患者的总的胆固醇、LDL胆固醇、VLDL和甘油三酯(trygliceride)水平。在一个进一步优选的实施方式中,本发明组合物含有反式半乳糖-低聚糖和聚果糖的混合物。这种混合物协同地产生最大量的短链脂肪酸。在一个优选的实施方式中,反式半乳糖-低聚糖/聚果糖的比率为99/1至1/99,更优选98/2至1/9,进一步优选98/2至1/1。
聚果糖是聚糖碳水化合物,其包括通过β连接豆果糖单元的链,聚合度或平均聚合度为10或大于10。聚果糖的聚合度或平均聚合度优选在100以下。聚果糖包括菊糖、果聚糖、和/或多聚果糖的混合物。特别优选的聚果糖是菊糖。本发明组合物适用的聚果糖商业上也有售,如RaftilineHP(Orafti)。
反式半乳糖-低聚糖(TOS)是分子中大部分(以总的单糖单元计,优选至少90%的半乳糖单元,更优选至少95%)半乳糖单元通过β连接的半乳糖-低聚糖。使用最优选的TOS,其中半乳糖单元的大部分(至少50%,优选至少90%)通过β(1,4)和/或β(1,6)糖苷键连接的。这种TOS例如有VivinalGOS(Borculo Domo Ingredients,Zwolle,Netherlands)。
益生菌
在一个优选的实施方式中,本组合物进一步包含益生菌。益生菌是活的微生物,其经口摄入后在到达肠部时还保持活性,并具有有益的效果。优选的益生菌属为双歧杆菌属和/或乳酸菌属。益生菌的蛋白质水解酶进一步水解胃肠道中的蛋白质源,从而提供协同的功效。而且,益生菌能改善肠菌群,从而促进短链脂肪酸的形成,这具有血糖缓冲的功效。因此,特别优选本发明所述的组合物既包括益生菌又包括NDFC,NDFC可以作为益生菌的基质。优选地,本组合物中存在的益生菌的浓度是每克净重组合物含103至1011菌落形成单位,更优选105至1010,最优选106至109。最优选地,本发明组合物包含短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)和/或副干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)。本发明的发明者发现这些细菌在配方喂养的婴儿受损的肠中的数量与母乳喂养的婴儿中的相当。
多胺
本发明也提供多胺在治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症和/或治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症患者的II型糖尿病、哮喘、关节炎、高血压、睡眠呼吸暂停、心血管疾病、和/或骨科障碍中的用途。在优选的实施方案中,本发明组合物包括多胺。在一个进一步优选的实施方式中,本发明组合物包括多胺和所述的蛋白质水解产物。优选地,所述多胺选自尸胺、腐胺、精胺或亚精胺。最优选地,所述的组合物含有亚精胺和/或精胺。本发明组合物优选每100毫升即食产品包含0.5至200微克多胺,更优选2至40微克。优选地,本发明组合物包括至少两种或多种选自尸胺、精胺、亚精胺或腐胺的多胺。优选地,以多胺的重量计,本发明组合物包括约10至90重量%的精胺,10-90重量%的亚精胺,0至90重量%的腐胺和0至20重量%的尸胺。优选地,本组合物包含作为多胺源的乳酸菌、酵母抽提物和/或胰腺抽提物。多胺在预防和/或治疗儿童肥胖症中起到重要的作用,因为它们改变了餐后动力学,和影响了蛋白质的消化。
液体组合物
本发明组合物优选地以液体的形式施用。为了满足热量需要,本组合物优选地包含50至200kcal/100ml,更优选60至90kcal/100ml。所述的营养组合物优选地包括5至16能量%的蛋白质,35至60能量%的脂肪,和25至75能量%的碳水化合物。本组合物的渗透压通常为150至420mOsmol/l,优选260至320mOsmol/l。低的渗透压是为了减少特别是婴儿的胃肠压力,例如减少腹泻的发生。
优选地,本发明组合物以液体的形式提供,粘度在35cps以下。合适地,本发明组合物以粉末的形式提供,该粉末能用水重新配制成液体的或液体浓缩的形式,浓缩的形式应当用水释稀。
每天的剂量
如果组合物是液体的形式,以每天为基础,优选的施用体积范围为约80于2500毫升,更优选每天约450至1000毫升,这种量适合婴儿。
治疗
本组合物能有利地用于治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的方法中。本发明组合物能有利地用于治疗和/或预防患有儿童肥胖症的婴儿的II型糖尿病、关节炎、高血压、关节炎、哮喘、睡眠呼吸暂停、心血管疾病和/或骨科并发症(特别是腿骨和胯骨)。
本发明组合物优选地经口施用于婴儿。所述组合物特别适用于为婴儿提供营养和/或刺激婴儿的生长的方法中。所述的组合物特别适合于预防儿童肥胖症和/或与其相关的继发疾病中。因而,所述的组合物能有利地施用于0-24月大的婴儿,优选施用于0至18月大的婴儿。
附图说明
图1:用包括乳糖、完整的乳清和完整的酪蛋白的组合物(●)喂养的大鼠的餐后血糖水平,和用含乳糖、水解的乳清和水解的酪蛋白的组合物(○)喂食的大鼠的餐后血糖水平,或喂食人乳(▲)的大鼠的餐后血糖水平。
图2:用包括喂食含乳糖、完整的乳清和完整的酪蛋白的组合物(●)喂养的大鼠的餐后胰岛素水平,用含乳糖、水解的乳清和水解的酪蛋白的组合物(○)喂养的大鼠的餐后胰岛素水平,或喂食人乳(▲)的大鼠的餐后胰岛素水平。
实施例
实施例1
蛋白质的制备
完整的乳清蛋白质,Deminal 90从Borculo Domo Ingredients获得。完整的酪蛋白蛋白质从脱脂奶粉中获取,其中酪蛋白/乳清的比率为4。乳清和酪蛋白蛋白质以40重量%的酪蛋白和60重量%的乳清蛋白质的比率进行混合。
水解的乳清蛋白质通过酸乳清的水解进行制备,WO0141581的实施例1-4公开了该制备方法。水解度为15%。水解的酪蛋白商业上可以购买到LacProdan DI-2038(Arla Foods)。这两种制备物以40重量%的水解的酪蛋白和60重量%的水解的乳清的比率进行组合。
动物:
20只成年Wistar大鼠(实验开始时年龄10周)独自关在笼子里。动物随意进食水和食物(Standard Rat Chow,Harlan)。在异丙酚/N2O/O2麻醉下进行手术,对动物进行颈静脉插管以进行无压力重复的血液采样。所有的动物实验通过动物实验委员会(Animal ExperimentalCommittee)(DEC-Consult)的批准。
治疗
空腹4小时后,10只动物喂养2毫升组合物。三种不同的组合物交叉进行实验(隔一周进行一次实验)。
1人乳(每毫升含有11毫克蛋白质,70毫克乳糖和45毫克脂肪)
2每毫升含有17毫克乳清/酪蛋白和86毫克乳糖。
3每毫升含有17毫克水解的乳清和水解的酪蛋白和86毫克乳糖。
然后,在喂养后t=0、5、10、15、30、60、90、和120分钟时分别采集血样(200微升)于肝素化的冷藏的试管中。然后,离心分离(10分钟,5000rpm)血浆并在-20℃下贮存至分析用。
胰岛素的测量
血浆胰岛素用放射免疫测定法(RIA,Linco)根据试剂盒用下列调节进行测定:所有的实验体积减少四倍。
葡萄糖的测定:
血浆葡萄糖用氧化酶-过氧化酶方法在96孔模板(RocheDiagnostics,#1448668)上进行测定。
曲线下面积(AUC)、峰值时间、量大峰高:
AUC用线性梯度法进行确定。在早期峰(t=0-30分钟)和测定的所有的曲线(t=0-120分钟)中,计算每个动物的葡萄糖和胰岛素的曲线下的面积。提取负值(如果响应值在基线以下)。确定每个动物的时间与葡萄糖和胰岛素峰值的含量(所有测量时间点的最大血浆浓度)。
结果
喂食完整的乳清和完整的酪蛋白的大鼠的餐后葡萄糖和胰岛素峰值比喂食水解的乳清和水解的酪蛋白的大鼠的要低。从图1和图2及表1能看出这点来。喂食水解的乳清和水解的酪蛋白的大鼠的葡萄糖的峰值时间要低于喂养完整的乳清和完整的酪蛋白的大鼠的峰值时间。喂食水解的乳清和水解的酪蛋白的大鼠的葡萄糖的曲线下面积(AUC)低于喂养完整的乳清和完整的酪蛋白的大鼠的曲线下面积。水解的蛋白质的存在导致餐后血液葡萄糖和胰岛素水平和动力学与喂养人乳的更相似(如图所示)。
峰值葡萄糖乘以峰值胰岛素和AUC葡萄糖(0-30)乘以AUC胰岛素(0-30)表示胰岛素抵抗。在喂养人乳的大鼠和喂养水解的酪蛋白和水解的乳清的大鼠中观察到最低值。在喂养非水解的乳清和酪蛋白混合物的大鼠中观察到最高值。
表1:完整的和水解的蛋白质对餐后峰值时间、最大峰高和葡萄糖和胰岛素的曲线下面积的影响
影响 | 完整的蛋白质 | 水解的蛋白质 | 人乳 |
峰值时间(分钟±秒)葡萄糖胰岛素峰值(±秒)葡萄糖(g/l)胰岛素(g/l)AUC30(±秒)葡萄糖(min.g/l)胰岛素(min.g/l)AUC120(±秒)葡萄糖(min.g/l)胰岛素(min.g/l)峰值葡萄糖*峰值胰岛素AUC葡萄糖*AUC胰岛素(0-30) | 7.5±3.88.3±0.80.46±0.101.51±0.445.3±1.614.4±7.78.1±4.9-9.6±23.25.9±1.8128±78 | 11.5±2.68.3±1.40.31±0.071.11±0.203.4±2.112.5±3.8-1.5±9.010.6±7.63.9±0.681±41 | 12.0±2.411.7±1.20.33±0.081.41±0.273.6±2.317.3±4.33.5±6.918.2±21.34.5±0.684±53 |
实施例2:
粉末婴儿配方,带有的包装显示该产品适合于预防儿童肥胖症和伴随儿童肥胖症而来的疾病,该配方能用水配制(每100毫升最终体积含15.6克粉末),每100毫升即食的产品中含有:
蛋白质源1: 1.9克 11能量%
脂肪: 3.3克 40能量%
易消化的碳水化合物: 8.7克 49能量%
不易消化的、可发酵的碳水化合物2: 0.8克
1:如实施例1所述,水解的乳清、水解的酪蛋白的重量比为6/4,
2:0.72克反式低聚半乳糖(存在于Vivinal GOS,Borulo DOMO,TheNetherlands)和0.8克的菊糖(Raftlin HP,Orafti,Belgium)。
Claims (8)
1.脂肪、可消化的含有乳糖的碳水化合物和含有水解的乳清蛋白质和水解的酪蛋白的蛋白质在制备用于治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症的方法中的营养组合物的用途,其中以蛋白质的净重计,所述蛋白质含有至少25重量%的链长2至30个氨基酸的肽,和所述的组合物每克净重组合物包括至少12毫克不易消化的可发酵的碳水化合物,所述不易消化的可发酵的碳水化合物选自聚果糖、果糖-低聚糖、半乳糖-低聚糖、部分水解的半乳甘露聚糖、包括低聚糖的半乳糖醛酸或在人肠道中抗消化的多聚糊精低聚糖。
2.脂肪、可消化的含有乳糖的碳水化合物和含有水解的乳清蛋白质和水解的酪蛋白的蛋白质在制备用于治疗和/或预防儿童肥胖症患者患有的II型糖尿病、哮喘、关节炎、高血压、睡眠呼吸暂停、心血管疾病、和/或骨科障碍的方法中的营养组合物中的用途,其中以蛋白质的净重计,所述蛋白质含有至少25重量%的链长2至30个氨基酸的肽。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的用途,其中以营养组合物的净重计,所述的营养组合物包括至少7重量%的蛋白质。
4.如前述权利要求中的任一项所述的用途,其中所述的营养组合物是口服给予婴儿。
5.如前述权利要求中的任一项所述的用途,其中所述的营养组合物包括5至16能量%的蛋白质、35至60能量%的脂肪、和25至75能量%的碳水化合物。
6.如前述权利要求中的任一项所述的用途,其中所述的蛋白质包括:
a)以蛋白质的重量计,至少50重量%的源自哺乳动物乳的蛋白质;
b)酪蛋白和乳清,酪蛋白∶乳清重量比为10∶90至90∶10;和
c)以蛋白质的重量计,小于15重量%的游离氨基酸。
7.一种营养组合物,其包括35至60能量%的脂肪,25至75能量%的可消化的含有乳糖的碳水化合物,5至16能量%的蛋白质,和一种选自聚果糖或半乳糖低聚糖的不易消化的可发酵的碳水化合物;其中蛋白质包括水解的乳清蛋白质和水解的酪蛋白,以及:
a)以蛋白质的净重计,至少25重量%的链长2至30个氨基酸的肽;
b)以蛋白质的重量计,至少50重量%的源自哺乳动物乳的蛋白质;
c)酪蛋白和乳清,酪蛋白∶乳清重量比为10∶90至90∶10;和
d)以蛋白质源的重量计,小于15重量%的游离氨基酸。
8.如权利要求7所述的组合物在制备为婴儿提供营养的组合物中的用途。
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PCT/NL2006/050158 WO2007004878A2 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2006-06-30 | Infant nutrition with hydrolised proteins |
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EP (1) | EP1898724B1 (zh) |
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EP1898724B1 (en) | 2010-08-25 |
ES2350907T3 (es) | 2011-01-28 |
US20140106025A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
CN102894371A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
DK1898724T3 (da) | 2010-11-22 |
AU2006266546B2 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
DE602006016444D1 (de) | 2010-10-07 |
PT1898724E (pt) | 2010-11-26 |
WO2007004878A3 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
US20090203592A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
WO2007004878A2 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
CA2610213A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
EP1898724A2 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
CN101212911A (zh) | 2008-07-02 |
AU2006266546A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
PL1898724T3 (pl) | 2011-02-28 |
RU2008103827A (ru) | 2009-08-10 |
CA2610213C (en) | 2015-11-03 |
RU2423879C2 (ru) | 2011-07-20 |
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