Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of novel vegetable insecticide is provided, makes it not only have good insecticidal effect but also environmentally friendly, plant noresidue, insect is difficult for developing immunity to drugs.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of vegetable insecticide that contains matrine is provided, contains following bulk drugs in its raw material:
0.8~1.2 part of 9.0~10.0 parts of kuh-sengs, 1.5~2.0 parts of thunder godvines, 3.2~3.5 parts of black false hellebores, 1.2~1.4 parts of the roots of langdu, 0.8~1.2 part of capsicum annum fasciculatum, 1.2~1.6 parts on tobacco leaf, 0.8~1.2 part of azedarach and the tuber of stemona.
Preferably contain following bulk drugs in the described raw material:
1 part of 9.45 parts of kuh-sengs, 1.75 parts of thunder godvines, 3.3 parts of black false hellebores, 1.25 parts of the roots of langdu, 1 part of capsicum annum fasciculatum, 1.5 parts on tobacco leaf, 1 part of azedarach and the tuber of stemona.
Described insecticide also contains the auxiliary agent of 15~25% percentage by weights, preferably contains the auxiliary agent of 20% percentage by weight.
Described auxiliary agent is made up of by 1: 1 weight ratio with ST901 commercially available farming breast 2201.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of described vegetable insecticide, may further comprise the steps:
1) get according to described weight portion and mix behind the bulk drug and be ground into powder, standby;
2) solvent that adds its 10 times of weights in step 1) gained mixed-powder is used to extract bulk drug active ingredient, feeds the steam distillation solvent then soup is concentrated, and so the concentrated medicament 6~8 hours while extracting makes and carries to such an extent that relative density of medicine liquid is 1.1~1.2;
3) in step 2) add auxiliary agent in the gained concentrated medicament and obtain mixed solution, make auxiliary agent content reach 15~25% of mixed solution weight, promptly obtain described vegetable insecticide after fully stirring.
The described pulverizing of step 1) is the meal that pulverizing medicinal materials was become 30~40 mesh sieves.
Step 2) described solvent preferred concentration is 95% food grade ethanol.
The present invention also provides the application of described vegetable insecticide aspect the insect pest of control paddy rice, cotton, corn, soybean, vegetables and fruit, forest, flowers tea tree and tobacco.Concrete pest control comprises: cotten aphid, cotton bollworm, bridging worm, big greenish brown hawk moth, rice-stem borer, paddy stem borer, cnaphalocrocis cicada, rice plant skipper, rice fulgorid, maize borer, cabbage caterpillar, diamond-back moth, mythimna separata, hawkmoth, snout moth's larva, the U.S. starve in vain, leucoma candida, fruit tree ermine moth, oranges and tangerines swallowtail butterfly, tent caterpillar, oriental tobacco budworm, tea caterpillar, pine caterpillars etc.
Black false hellebore in the vegetable insecticide side of the present invention (Veratrum nigrum) another name: RADIX ET RHIZOMA VERATRI NIGRI is the root and rhizome of dicotyledon medicine liliaceous plant RADIX ET RHIZOMA VERATRI NIGRI.The high 60-100 of this plant centimetre, stem is sturdy, elliptic leaf shape, long 20-25 centimetre, wide 5-10 centimetre.Panicle, adnation raceme are male flower, terminal inflorescence tool hermaphrodite flower, and the most close lifes of Xiao Hua, tepal is deceived purple.The long 1.5-2 of capsule centimetre.Wide about 1 centimetre, the florescence 7-8 month; The fruit phase 8-9 month.
The habitat distributes: be born in border, grassy marshland or hillside sylvan life.Be distributed in China northeast, North China, Gannan, Shan portion, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou, the north, Asia and central Europe also have.
Purposes: root and rhizome is used as medicine, can be emetic, eliminate the phlegm, desinsection, cure mainly the heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots of apoplexy phlegm, epilepsy, larynx numbness etc.; External application is controlled mange, is disliked sore, desinsection maggot.
Effect: anemophlegmatic vomiting, clearing heat and detoxicating, desinsection.
Concocting method: get crude drug, remove impurity.
Through identifying that black false hellebore contains Rubijevine, multiple alkaloid, there is stomach toxicity to kill effect to insect.
Thunder godvine in the vegetable insecticide side of the present invention is the stem of removing crust and the root of Celastraceae plant thunder godvine, prescription another name: thunder godvine, Thunder God with.Thunder godvine originates in ground such as Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, excavates autumn, removes clean two-layer skin, dries, and gives birth to and uses.Thunder godvine contains multiple alkaloid such as wilfordine, wilfordine, diterpenoid-lactone, triptonide and dulcin etc., has tangible antitumor activity effect.Property of medicine hardship, suffering, cold.
The root of langdu in the vegetable insecticide side of the present invention is the root of Thymelaeceae plant Chinese Stellera Root or euphorbia plant euphorbia fischeriana, month line root of Beijing euphorbia.Perennial herb, adularescent milk.Be born in the alpine rock seam or patana, main product is in Yunnan.The oval column of root, coniform to the spindle shape, diameter 1~8cm, the crust yellowish-brown, tool is indulged wrinkle.Opaque, the section yellow-white has the alternate concentricity of convex-concave.The root of langdu contains root of Beijing euphorbia resin, alkaloid and saponin etc.Nature and flavor temperature, flavor suffering, bitter, very toxic.
The preferred application process of vegetable insecticide of the present invention: the concentration of insecticide is different with pest species according to the present invention, water dilutes 600~800 times with the insecticide for preparing, also need to determine the application dosage of unit are then, be generally every mu and use 4~15kg vegetable insecticide of the present invention according to the plant size.Special using opportunity: cotten aphid is in the dispenser of spot film emergence period; Cotton bollworm, cabbage caterpillar are contained the phase dispenser in the hatching of ovum.
Vegetable insecticide of the present invention is the even phase transparency liquid of dark brown, and pH value is 5~6.Insect killing effect to insects such as above-mentioned cotten aphid, vegetable aphid, cabbage caterpillar, cotton bollworms is remarkable, can be by following experimental verification:
(1) cotten aphid preventive effect experiment
One, experimental subjects:
Cotten aphid
Two, experimental technique:
Experiment place: farmland, Baoding Feng Zhuan village.
Experiment grouping: select 15 sub-districts in the field at random, 0.05 mu of every sub-district area, these 15 sub-districts are divided into 5 groups at random, one group of 3 sub-district, use 500 times of (A), 750 times (B) of insecticide dilution of the embodiment of the invention 1 preparation, 1000 times (C), the dilution of 50% acephatemet missible oil 750 times of (D) and clear water (E) respectively, soup evenly is sprayed onto each position of plant hand and foot for every group with every mu of 75 kilograms of chemical liquid consumption.
Experiment observational technique: adopt and decide the investigation of strain fixed blade, fixed 5 points in every sub-district before the dispenser, every fixed 2 strains, every strain has 3 in aphid blade (each a slice of cotton plant upper, middle and lower) surely, record aphid number, residual borer population on 3 leaves of inquiry agency field planting strain in the 1st, 3,5,7 day after the dispenser calculates go down rate and proofread and correct go down rate and calculate 3 every group sub-district dispenser results' mean value of insect population of insect population.
Three, experimental result
Experimental result sees Table 1.
The effect mean value of table 1. vegetable insecticide control of the present invention cotten aphid
Handle |
Insect population radix (average single leaf worm number) |
Control efficiency (%) |
1 day |
3 days |
5 days |
7 days |
Rate goes down |
Preventive effect |
Rate goes down |
Preventive effect |
Rate goes down |
Preventive effect |
Rate goes down |
Preventive effect |
A B C D E |
50.5 52.3 48.9 46.2 50.6 |
78.9 76.4 69.5 69.8 -8.5 |
80.15 78.06 71.09 71.87 |
90.5 86.8 77.2 77.6 -11.8 |
91.48 87.88 79.54 79.89 |
93.2 89.5 79.8 78.9 |
93.07 90.28 82.03 81.09 |
88.9 87.5 80.6 78.2 -10.5 |
89.85 89.08 82.05 79.96 |
As seen, 500~750 times of controls of insecticide of the present invention cotten aphid effect significantly is better than 750 times of 50% acephatemets from table 1, and 1000 times preventive effect is near 750 times of 50% acephatemets.
(2) cotton bollworm preventive effect experiment
One, experimental subjects:
The 3rd generation cotton bollworm
Two, experimental technique:
1. indoor insecticidal test:
40 of 2 instar bollworm grubs of adopting from the field, be divided into 4 groups at random, put into the foster worm cylinder of cotton tender leaf, then the insecticide of the embodiment of the invention of using in the experiment that will prepare () 1 and clear water with small-sized hand-operated sprayer respectively quantitative and even be sprayed onto on 4 groups of polypides and the cotton leaf, treat to observe dead borer population after 24 hours, and calculate the mean value of every group of lethality and corrected mortality.
2. field insecticidal test:
The experiment place is identical with experiment () with the experiment grouping, just the ovum incubation period of dispenser choose opportunities cotton bollworm.
The experiment observational technique: adopt and decide the investigation of strain fixed blade, fixed 5 points in every sub-district before the dispenser, every fixed 2 strains, investigation in the 3rd, 5, the 7 day larva number of living after preceding 1 day of dispenser and dispenser is represented preventive effect with the rate of going down of the control group of the relative not dispenser of larva.
Three, experimental result
Experimental result sees Table 2 and 3
The effect mean value of the indoor cotton bollworm that tags of table 2. vegetable insecticide of the present invention
Handle |
For the examination borer population |
24 hours dead borer populations |
Lethality (%) |
Corrected mortality (%) |
A B C E |
10 10 10 10 |
10 10 10 0 |
100 100 100 0 |
100 100 100 |
The effect mean value of table 3. vegetable insecticide field control of the present invention cotton bollworm
Handle |
Control efficiency |
3 days |
5 days |
7 days |
Larva number/hundred strains |
Preventive effect (%) |
Larva number/hundred strains |
Preventive effect (%) |
Larva number/hundred strains |
Preventive effect (%) |
A B C D E |
110 139 425 180 556 |
88.58 80.64 26.89 69.95 |
165 189 453 167 589 |
79.74 68.14 26.74 72.95 |
186 216 465 279 568 |
68.52 62.95 22.76 50.85 |
As seen, 500,750 and 1000 times in insecticide of the present invention all can produce 100% the effect of tagging to cotton bollworm in 24 hours after dispenser from table 2 and 3; 500~750 times of controls of insecticide wherein of the present invention cotton bollworm is effective, the lasting period is long, takes place can control insect pest under the heavier situation cotton bollworm.
(3) cabbage caterpillar preventive effect experiment
One, experimental subjects:
Cabbage caterpillar
Two, experimental technique:
Experiment place: Sun Cun farmland, suburban area Sun Cun township, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province.
Experiment grouping: select 15 sub-districts in the field at random, 0.03 mu of every sub-district area, these 15 sub-districts are divided into 5 groups at random, one group of 3 sub-district, every group of 600 times of (A1), 800 times (B1) of insecticide dilution, 1000 times (C1), 2.5% decis 1000 times of (D1) and clear water (E) of using the embodiment of the invention 1 preparation respectively, spray method evenly is sprayed onto each position of plant with every mu of 45 kilograms of chemical liquid consumption hand and foot with soup routinely.
Borer population alive was investigated and write down to fixed point investigation 30 strains of every sub-district respectively in 24 hours, the 3rd day and the 5th day after preceding 1 day of dispenser and dispenser, calculate the average preventive effect of every group of 3 sub-district dispensers.
Three, experimental result
Experimental result sees Table 4.
The effect mean value of table 4. vegetable insecticide control of the present invention cabbage caterpillar
Handle |
The insect radix |
Control efficiency (%) |
24 hours |
3 days |
5 days |
Borer population alive |
Preventive effect % |
Borer population alive |
Preventive effect % |
Borer population alive |
Preventive effect % |
A1 B1 C1 D1 E |
45 48 29 34 35 |
5 9 6 3 33 |
89 81 79 91 |
2 5 3 1 32 |
96 90 90 97 |
1 2 2 1 30 |
98 96 93 97 |
As seen, as vegetal insecticide, insecticide of the present invention can effectively be controlled the cabbage caterpillar insect pest for 600~800 times from table 4, and killing property of speed is good, and the longevity of residure is short, is fit to use on the vegetables.
In addition, compared with prior art, vegetable insecticide of the present invention also has following other beneficial effect:
1. vegetable insecticide of the present invention is safer to people and animals.
By acute oral, percutaneous toxicity test, eye irritation test and acute skin irritation test, proved that insecticide of the present invention is to people and animals' low toxicity, nonirritant to SD mouse, White Rabbit.
2. insecticide of the present invention is little to the cotton field enemy influence, helps to keep the cotton field ecotope.
3. insecticide of the present invention with the traditional Chinese medicine is feedstock production, and is more friendly to environment than the insecticide of chemistry property.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) gets kuh-seng 189kg, thunder godvine 35kg, black false hellebore 66kg, root of langdu 25kg, capsicum annum fasciculatum 20kg, tobacco leaf 30kg, azedarach 20kg and tuber of stemona 20kg.
2) it is standby with Universalpulverizer above-mentioned all bulk drugs to be ground into 30~40 order meal.
3) with step 2) powder put into extraction vessel, 95% the alcohol extract bulk drug active ingredient that adds 10 times of above-mentioned powder weight, feed water vapour again, make ethanol reach boiling point and be distilled recycling, so concentrate while extracting, continue 6 hours, medicinal ingredient is extracted as far as possible finish, and make the relative density of medicine liquid that is extracted reach 1.1~1.2.
4) concentrated medicament with step 3) places compounding kettle, adding by etc. the commercially available farming breast 2201 of weight ratio and the auxiliary agent that ST901 forms, make its content in mixed solution reach 20%, then fully stirring, promptly obtain vegetable insecticide of the present invention, put into head tank precipitation, can at last.
Embodiment 2
1) gets kuh-seng 190kg, thunder godvine 38kg, black false hellebore 65kg, root of langdu 22kg, capsicum annum fasciculatum 22kg, tobacco leaf 28kg, azedarach 22kg and tuber of stemona 20kg.
2) it is standby with Universalpulverizer above-mentioned all bulk drugs to be ground into 30~40 order meal.
3) with step 2) powder put into molten container, 95% the alcohol extract raw material the effective elements of the medicine that adds 10 times of above-mentioned powder weight, feed water vapour again, make ethanol reach boiling point and be distilled recycling, so concentrate while extracting, continue 8 hours, medicinal ingredient is extracted as far as possible finish, and make the relative density of medicine liquid that is extracted reach 1.1~1.2.
4) concentrated medicament with step 3) places compounding kettle, adding by etc. the commercially available farming breast 2201 of weight ratio and ST901 forms, make its content in mixed solution reach 15%, then fully stirring, promptly obtain vegetable insecticide of the present invention, put into head tank precipitation, can at last.
Embodiment 3
1) gets kuh-seng 185kg, thunder godvine 30kg, black false hellebore 70kg, root of langdu 25kg, capsicum annum fasciculatum 20kg, tobacco leaf 28kg, azedarach 20kg and tuber of stemona 20kg.
2) it is standby with Universalpulverizer above-mentioned all bulk drugs to be ground into 30~40 order meal.
3) with step 2) powder put into molten container, 95% the alcohol extract raw material the effective elements of the medicine that adds 10 times of above-mentioned powder weight, feed water vapour more then, make ethanol reach boiling point and be distilled recycling, so concentrate while extracting, continue 7 hours, medicinal ingredient is extracted as far as possible finish, and make the relative density of medicine liquid that is extracted reach 1.1~1.2.
4) concentrated medicament with step 3) places compounding kettle, adding by etc. the commercially available farming breast 2201 of weight ratio and ST901 forms, make its content in mixed solution reach 25%, then fully stirring, promptly obtain vegetable insecticide of the present invention, put into head tank precipitation, can at last.