CN106490033A - A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106490033A CN106490033A CN201610926230.XA CN201610926230A CN106490033A CN 106490033 A CN106490033 A CN 106490033A CN 201610926230 A CN201610926230 A CN 201610926230A CN 106490033 A CN106490033 A CN 106490033A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses and preparation method thereof, belongs to technical field of pesticide.A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：5 ~ 30 parts of 0.2 ~ 5 part of jasmonic, 0.5 ~ 5 part of chitin, 0.5 ~ 5 part of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, the Chinese medicine composition is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：10 ~ 30 parts of azedarach, 10 ~ 30 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 5 ~ 20 parts of lychee exocarp, 5 ~ 20 parts of lemon peel, 5 ~ 20 parts of luffa pericarp, 5 ~ 15 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 3 ~ 12 parts of rosemary, 3 ~ 12 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 3 ~ 12 parts of calamus.Appropriate mixture of the present invention by jasmonic, chitin, matrine and Chinese medicine composition, Synergistic, gained composite pesticide antibacterial killing ability are significantly increased, and expanding prevention scope mitigates the resistance to the action of a drug, reduces poisoning incidence, not only efficient but also saving of work and time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, and in particular to a kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Cotton is the Important Economic crop of China, and long-term cultivated area is 533.3 ten thousand hm2, account for World cotton growing surface
Long-pending 15%.But as cotton diseases and insect pestses are various, cause heavy losses to cotton growth, according to statistics the throughout the year underproduction up to 10% ~
15%.Obviously, carry out the preventing and treating of cotton diseases and insect pestses, keep the healthy and stable development of Cotton in China production, promotion is got agricultural profit,
Increasing peasant income, rural economy are stablized significant.
The common pest species of cotton include cotton aphid, bollworm, red spider, cotton verticillium wilt, cotton ring spot
Deng.The method of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses has many kinds at present, and for example, for bollworm, pesticide control method is mainly in its ovum
Incubating Sheng phase to 2 instar larvae periods carries out spray preventing and treating, and 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid selected by medicament, and 10% imidacloprid can
1500 times of liquid of WP, or 5% 5 percent of hexaflumuron emulsifiable concentrate, 2000 times of liquid, or 25% Chlorbenzuron deflocculant, 600 times of liquid.Preventing and treating 2 generation cottons
During earworm, be mainly sprayed at cotton plant top tender leaf and top on, using the spraying method of " point dot-dash circle ".Prevent and treat the 3rd, 4 generation cottons
Earworm will be sprayed on group's point and young flower bud, and surrounding is beaten.And for cotton ring spot, pesticide control method mainly uses seed weight
50% carbendazol wettable powder of amount 0.65% or the double wettable powder seed dressings of 40% seed dressing, it is also possible to which 0.61% carbendazim solution soaks
Kind.Early stage sprays 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, or 80% spray 600 times of liquid of gram wettable powder in time, or
50% 400 times of lime sulfur liquid, or 1: 1: 200 times of formula Bordeaux mixture, or 50% thiram wettable powder, 300 times of liquid, every 7 ~ 10d
Spray 1 time, continuously spray 1 ~ 2 time.+ 80% zineb wettable powder of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 600 ~ 800 times of liquid can also be sprayed
600 ~ 800 times of liquid of agent, or 600 times of+50% thiram wettable powder of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid
Liquid.As can be seen that for cotton diseases and insect pestses preventing and treating, chemical pesticide control method is quite ripe, and prevention effect is tall and erect
Become effective, but due to the cotton growth cycle long, it may occur however that pest species various, the continuous of chemical pesticide is made in a large number
With on the one hand it may happen that the resistance problems of germ, the residues of pesticides that on the other hand cotton, planting soil etc. can also occur
Hidden danger, the safety of quality, soil to cotton etc. add many uncertain problems.And, a series of produced by agricultural chemicals
Pollution problem, such as environmental pollution, person poultry poisoning, killing natural enemy, the destruction ecological balance, " 3R "（Residue, Resistance,
Resurgence）Deng generally of interest by people.Therefore, develop efficiently, low toxicity, low-residual, environmentally friendly
Agricultural chemicals, has become the developing direction of current novel agrochemical.
The patent of Application No. 201310184600 discloses a kind of Chinese medicine deinsectization of cotton aphid, including the tuber of stemona, Tian Nan
Star, lopseed, the tuber of pinellia, Chinese tallowtree leaf, chrysanthemum, pseudo-ginseng and rheum officinale.The invention is divided into raw material by various groups, then according to certain ratio
Example is decocted, and is subsequently adding alum and alcohol finished product, and the plurality of active ingredients contained in obtained aqua is to cotton aphid
Worm is effectively killed, and these Chinese medicine preparations do not have residual, and the insect beneficial to cotton will not be poisoned, and is a kind of ring
Guarantor, efficient Chinese medicine deinsectization preparation.The patent of Application No. 201510554914.7 discloses a kind of preventing and treating cotton anthracnose
Agricultural chemicals, including seed dressing and foliage spray agent；The seed dressing is made up of following medicine：25% carbendazol wettable powder, 40%
Fluoxastrobin wettable powder, 50% dimethomorph wettable powder；The foliage spray agent is made up of following medicine：1.8% AVM hereinafter
Rhzomorph wettable powder, 50% sporgon wettable powder, 50% dimethomorph wettable powder, traditional Chinese medicine bactericide；The Chinese medicine
Bactericide is made up of the medicine of following weight portion：Phytolacca acinosa 10, the rhizome of Chinese monkshood 10, tree-of-heaven 10, purple perilla 10, tobacco 20, garlic 20.The invention
Preventing and treating cotton anthracnose agricultural chemicals using medicinal herb componentses and chemicals compounding use, effect more preferably, and prepare simple,
Using simple, cotton red spider disease effect is prevented and treated preferably, preventive effect is almost up to 100%.Above-mentioned technology employs nothing to some extent
The plant source insecticide of poison, environmental protection and noresidue, shows that plant source insecticide can efficiently solve the different pest and disease damages of cotton and ask
Topic, but the antibacterial desinsection species of above-mentioned agricultural chemicals is relatively simple, and simultaneous effect of controlling is general, needs further to be improved, is killed with obtaining antibacterial
Worm scope is wide, simultaneous control good effect, strong drug action, the composite pesticide of low toxic and environment-friendly.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of antibacterial desinsection model for being applied to cotton planting
Enclose and wide, simultaneous control good effect, strong drug action, the composite pesticide of low toxic and environment-friendly.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：0.2 ~ 5 part of jasmonic, first
5 ~ 30 parts of 0.5 ~ 5 part of shell element, 0.5 ~ 5 part of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, raw material of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Make：10 ~ 30 parts of azedarach, 10 ~ 30 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 5 ~ 20 parts of lychee exocarp, 5 ~ 20 parts of lemon peel, 5 ~ 20 parts of luffa pericarp, cinnamomum camphora
5 ~ 15 parts of leaf, 3 ~ 12 parts of rosemary, 3 ~ 12 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 3 ~ 12 parts of calamus.
Preferably, the Chinese medicine composition is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：20 ~ 25 parts of azedarach, tree-of-heaven skin 15 ~ 20
Part, 8 ~ 12 parts of lychee exocarp, 8 ~ 12 parts of lemon peel, 8 ~ 12 parts of luffa pericarp, 8 ~ 12 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 9 parts of rosemary, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, calamus
9 parts.
Preferably, the Chinese medicine composition is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：23 parts of azedarach, 18 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, litchi
10 parts of shell of branch, 10 parts of lemon peel, 10 parts of luffa pericarp, 10 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 9 parts of rosemary, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 9 parts of calamus.
Preferably, the composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmonic
20 ~ 25 parts of 0.9 ~ 1.5 part, 2 ~ 4 parts of chitin, 1 ~ 3 part of matrine and Chinese medicine composition.
Preferably, the preparation method of the Chinese medicine composition is comprised the following steps：
1）Weigh respectively the azedarach of dry above-mentioned weight, tree-of-heaven skin, lychee exocarp, luffa pericarp, rosemary, the capsule of weeping forsythia and
Calamus, mixing, is crushed after freezing under nitrogen protection, obtains comminuting matter I；Weigh dry above-mentioned weight portion respectively to match somebody with somebody
The lemon peel and yellow cinnamon leaf of ratio, mixing are crushed, and obtain comminuting matter II；
2）The water of 4 ~ 6 times of its weight is added in the comminuting matter I, 40 ~ 50 DEG C are heated to, and is kept for 40 ~ 50 minutes, mistake while hot
Filter, obtains filtrate I and the dregs of a decoction I, filtrate is cooled down, sealing preserve；In the water that the dregs of a decoction I add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight, it is heated to
50 ~ 60 DEG C, kept for 30 ~ 40 minutes, filter while hot, obtain filtrate II and the dregs of a decoction II；The filtrate I and filtrate II are merged and is obtained
Filtrate, when the filtrate is concentrated into 75 DEG C, relative density is 1.12 ~ 1.15 medicinal extract, adds volume fraction in the medicinal extract
For 75 ~ 80% ethanol solution, 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature, kept for 18 ~ 24 hours, then filter, obtain filtrate III and sediment, by institute
State the lotion that relative density when filtrate III is evaporated to 55 DEG C is 1.20 ~ 1.25；
3）The water of its 3 ~ 5 times of weight of weight is added in the comminuting matter II, is added in distilling flask, is distilled, control
Distillation speed oozes the drop of solution 2 ~ 3 for backflow per second, and distillation time is 35 ~ 40 minutes, and distillation is extracted 2 ~ 3 times, and extract is closed
And extracted with dichloromethane, sub-cloud solution, vacuum revolving instrument steams dichloromethane, obtains final product extract；
4）The lotion and extract are separately dried, are crushed, merged, obtain final product.
Preferably, the w/v 1g of the medicinal extract and the ethanol：10~20ml.
A kind of preparation method of the composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, comprises the following steps：
1）Weigh 0.2 ~ 5 part of the jasmonic of weight portion, 0.5 ~ 5 part of chitin, 0.5 ~ 5 part of matrine respectively, then temperature 30 ~
40 DEG C, carry out mixing 10 ~ 15 minutes under conditions of 2000 ~ 2500rpm of rotating speed, stand 15 ~ 20 minutes, obtain mixture；
2）5 ~ 30 parts of Chinese medicine composition for weighing weight portion is added in the mixture, 3000 ~ 3200rpm of rotating speed stirrings 30 ~ 40
Minute, stand, obtain final product.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is as follows for the present invention：
1）The invention provides a kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, applicant is in the base for following cotton growth rule
On plinth various ingredients are carried out with mixture and research, finds jasmonic, chitin, matrine and Chinese medicine composition by appropriate mixed
Close and can play a part of Synergistic so that the composite pesticide antibacterial killing ability for obtaining is significantly increased, and expanding prevention scope subtracts
The light resistance to the action of a drug, reduces poisoning incidence, not only efficient but also saving of work and time.
2）Composite pesticide of the present invention can be used for the multiple pest and disease damages for preventing and treating the appearance of cotton growth cycle, main including cotton wheel
Line disease, cotton soft rot, bollworm and cotten aphid, field test find that the incidence of disease of cotton ring spot have dropped 62.1%, disease-resistant rate
For 92.7 ~ 98.2%；The incidence of disease of cotton soft rot have dropped 73.6%, and disease-resistant rate is 93.5 ~ 98.1%；The incidence of disease of bollworm
75.2% is have dropped, disease-resistant rate is 96.4 ~ 100%；The incidence of disease of cotten aphid have dropped 81.8%, and disease-resistant rate is 95.1 ~ 100%.Therefore,
Application composite pesticide of the present invention can significantly improve the disease-resisting, insecticidal ability of cotton, and simultaneous effect of controlling is projected, and efficacy stability, with wide
General using value.
3）The present invention is raw materials used to be low toxicity, environmental protection raw material.Research shows that jasmonic can induce plant disease-resistant, mesh
Front also yet there are no its report that pesticidal preparations are prepared with pesticide activity component compounding；Chitin is that a kind of macromolecule of line style is more
Sugar, with antibacterial insecticidal activity, preferred molecular weight for 1500 ~ 3000 chitin, the antibacterial killing ability after compounding is higher；Bitter
Ginseng alkali is made up through Solvent Extract methods such as ethanol of the dry root of legume kuh-seng, plant, fruit, is alkaloid, is
The green plants source pesticide for using at present, is broad spectrum pesticide, with tagging and stomach poison function；Chinese medicine composition is by plurality of raw materials
Medicine mixing compounding is formed, nontoxic, can not only antibacterial desinsection, and be applied to cotton and have and promote to increase, reduce the de- flower bud of cotton
With fall bell and other effects.After above-mentioned raw materials are by rationally compounding, mutual help, the pest and disease damage occurred by the whole growth cycle of cotton
There is obvious prevention effect, good absorbing effect will not produce any injury to non-target object.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, present disclosure, but this are further fairly set out with reference to embodiment
Bright protection content is not limited solely to the following examples.In the following description, give a large amount of concrete details so as to
More thorough understanding of the invention is provided.It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention can be with
It is carried out without the need for one or more of these details.
Embodiment 1：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
25 parts of 1.2 parts of acid, 3 parts of chitin, 2 parts of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, raw material of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Make：23 parts of azedarach, 18 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 10 parts of lychee exocarp, 10 parts of lemon peel, 10 parts of luffa pericarp, 10 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, rosemary
9 parts, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 9 parts of calamus.
Azedarach of the present invention, is the dry bark and root skin of Meliaceae plant melia toosendan or chinaberry, and gas is faint, and taste is extremely bitter, main bitter
Taste composition is margosine, also contains other bitter principles：Ketone, hardship in print chinaberry ripple spirit A, print chinaberry ripple spirit B, skin ketone, gedunin, hardship
Lactone, bitter Lip river lactone and melianotriol etc.；Additionally, also containing positive thirty alkane, cupreol, glucose and other micro into
Point.The flooding agent of azedarach has inhibitory action to trichophyton, microsporon audouini etc..Tree-of-heaven skin, is tree-of-heaven (tree of heaven)
Root skin or bark, have the effect of heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, puckery intestines, hemostasis, stop-band, desinsection.Lychee exocarp, is the fruit of sapindaceous plant lichee
Skin.Nature and flavor are bitter, cold.There is dehumidifying to stop dysentery, anastalsis.Now there are some researches show, containing Flavonoid substances etc. tens in litchi rind
Plant composition.Lemon peel, is the pericarp of rutaceae Canton lemon or lemon, and gas is fragrant, mildly bitter flavor, and extract contains multiple bacteriostatic activities
Composition.Luffa pericarp, is the pericarp of sponge gourd, and eating can be clearing heat and detoxicating.Yellow cinnamon leaf, is the fresh leaf of yellow camphor tree, mainly contains volatile oil component,
Wherein 1, 8-Cineole content about 60%, camphor about 0.75%, other compositions have citral, capraldehyde, australene, amphene, α-pine tar
Alkene, cymol, linalool, alpha-terpineol and benzyl system sequiterpene etc..Rosemary, is the herb of labiate rosemary,
Contained volatile oil has certain antibacterial action to staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, comma bacillus etc..The capsule of weeping forsythia, also known as chrysanthemum
Bar, even shell, green grass or young crops stick up, fall to sticking up, yellow strange pellet etc., containing Neolignans,Flavone compound、StyreneAnalog derivative etc., has
The pharmacological action such as tell in antibacterial, cardiac stimulant, diuresis, town.Calamus, can for ward off dirty have one's ideas straightened out, a surname's gas by phlegm, removing toxic substances, desinsection.
The preparation method of Chinese medicine composition described in the present embodiment is comprised the following steps：
1）Weigh dry above-mentioned azedarach, tree-of-heaven skin, lychee exocarp, luffa pericarp, rosemary, the capsule of weeping forsythia and calamus respectively, mix, cold
Crushed after jelly under nitrogen protection, obtained comminuting matter I；Weigh dry above-mentioned lemon peel and yellow cinnamon leaf respectively, mix,
Crush, obtain comminuting matter II；
2）The water of 5 times of its weight is added in the comminuting matter I, 50 DEG C are heated to, and is kept for 45 minutes, is filtered while hot, obtain
Filtrate I and the dregs of a decoction I, filtrate are cooled down, sealing preserve；In the water that the dregs of a decoction I add 2 times of its weight, 55 DEG C are heated to, are kept
35 minutes, filter while hot, obtain filtrate II and the dregs of a decoction II；The filtrate I and filtrate II are merged and obtains filtrate, by the filtrate
When being concentrated into 75 DEG C, relative density is 1.13 medicinal extract, adds the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 75%, temperature in the medicinal extract
28 DEG C, kept for 24 hours, then filter, obtain filtrate III and sediment, relative when the filtrate III is evaporated to 55 DEG C
Density is 1.23 lotion；
3）The water of its 4 times of weight of weight being added in the comminuting matter II, being added in distilling flask, is distilled, control is steamed
Evaporating speed and the drop of solution 2 ~ 3 being oozed for backflow per second, distillation time is 38 minutes, and distillation is extracted 2 times, by extract merging dichloro
Methane is extracted, sub-cloud solution, and vacuum revolving instrument steams dichloromethane, obtains final product extract；
4）The lotion and extract are separately dried, are crushed, merged, obtain final product.
The medicinal extract is 1g with the w/v of the ethanol：16ml.
A kind of preparation method of the composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, comprises the following steps：
1）Jasmonic 1.2 part, chitin 3 part and the matrine 2 part of weight portion are weighed respectively, then in 35 DEG C of temperature, rotating speed
Carry out mixing 12 minutes under conditions of 2300rpm, stand 18 minutes, obtain mixture；
2）25 parts of Chinese medicine composition for weighing weight portion is added in the mixture, and rotating speed 3000rpm is stirred 35 minutes, is stood,
Obtain final product.
The using method of composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses is：More than 200 times of addition composite pesticide weight
Water, is thoroughly mixed, and makes spraying agent；Every sprinkling in 15 ~ 20 days once, prevent and treat 2 ~ 3 times.
Embodiment 2：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
20 parts of 0.9 part of acid, 4 parts of chitin, 1 part of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, raw material of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Make：25 parts of azedarach, 15 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 12 parts of lychee exocarp, 8 parts of lemon peel, 12 parts of luffa pericarp, 12 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, rosemary 9
Part, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 9 parts of calamus.
The preparation method of Chinese medicine composition described in the present embodiment is comprised the following steps：
1）Weigh respectively the azedarach of dry above-mentioned weight, tree-of-heaven skin, lychee exocarp, luffa pericarp, rosemary, the capsule of weeping forsythia and
Calamus, mixing, is crushed after freezing under nitrogen protection, obtains comminuting matter I；Weigh dry above-mentioned weight portion respectively to match somebody with somebody
The lemon peel and yellow cinnamon leaf of ratio, mixing are crushed, and obtain comminuting matter II；
2）The water of 4 times of its weight is added in the comminuting matter I, 40 DEG C are heated to, and is kept for 45 minutes, is filtered while hot, obtain
Filtrate I and the dregs of a decoction I, filtrate are cooled down, sealing preserve；In the water that the dregs of a decoction I add 2 times of its weight, 50 DEG C are heated to, are kept
38 minutes, filter while hot, obtain filtrate II and the dregs of a decoction II；The filtrate I and filtrate II are merged and obtains filtrate, by the filtrate
When being concentrated into 75 DEG C, relative density is 1.15 medicinal extract, adds the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 80%, temperature in the medicinal extract
25 DEG C, kept for 24 hours, then filter, obtain filtrate III and sediment, relative when the filtrate III is evaporated to 55 DEG C
Density is 1.25 lotion；
3）The water of its 3 times of weight of weight being added in the comminuting matter II, being added in distilling flask, is distilled, control is steamed
Evaporating speed and the drop of solution 2 ~ 3 being oozed for backflow per second, distillation time is 35 minutes, and distillation is extracted 2 times, by extract merging dichloro
Methane is extracted, sub-cloud solution, and vacuum revolving instrument steams dichloromethane, obtains final product extract；
4）The lotion and extract are separately dried, are crushed, merged, obtain final product.
The medicinal extract is 1g with the w/v of the ethanol：12ml.
A kind of preparation method of the composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, comprises the following steps：
1）The jasmonic 0.9 part of weight portion, chitin 4 part, matrine 1 part are weighed respectively, then in 30 DEG C of temperature, rotating speed
Carry out mixing 10 minutes under conditions of 2000rpm, stand 15 minutes, obtain mixture；
2）20 parts of Chinese medicine composition for weighing weight portion is added in the mixture, and rotating speed 30000rpm is stirred 30 minutes, is stood,
Obtain final product.
The using method of the composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses is repeated no more with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
23 parts of 1.5 parts of acid, 2 parts of chitin, 3 parts of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, raw material of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Make：20 parts of azedarach, 20 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 8 parts of lychee exocarp, 12 parts of lemon peel, 8 parts of luffa pericarp, 8 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, rosemary 9
Part, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 9 parts of calamus.
The preparation method of Chinese medicine composition described in the present embodiment is comprised the following steps：
1）Weigh respectively the azedarach of dry above-mentioned weight, tree-of-heaven skin, lychee exocarp, luffa pericarp, rosemary, the capsule of weeping forsythia and
Calamus, mixing, is crushed after freezing under nitrogen protection, obtains comminuting matter I；Weigh dry above-mentioned weight portion respectively to match somebody with somebody
The lemon peel and yellow cinnamon leaf of ratio, mixing are crushed, and obtain comminuting matter II；
2）The water of 6 times of its weight is added in the comminuting matter I, 50 DEG C are heated to, and is kept for 45 minutes, is filtered while hot, obtain
Filtrate I and the dregs of a decoction I, filtrate are cooled down, sealing preserve；In the water that the dregs of a decoction I add 3 times of its weight, 60 DEG C are heated to, are kept
40 minutes, filter while hot, obtain filtrate II and the dregs of a decoction II；The filtrate I and filtrate II are merged and obtains filtrate, by the filtrate
When being concentrated into 75 DEG C, relative density is 1.12 medicinal extract, adds the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 75%, temperature in the medicinal extract
30 DEG C, kept for 20 hours, then filter, obtain filtrate III and sediment, relative when the filtrate III is evaporated to 55 DEG C
Density is 1.21 lotion；
3）The water of its 5 times of weight of weight being added in the comminuting matter II, being added in distilling flask, is distilled, control is steamed
Evaporating speed and the drop of solution 2 ~ 3 being oozed for backflow per second, distillation time is 40 minutes, and distillation is extracted 3 times, by extract merging dichloro
Methane is extracted, sub-cloud solution, and vacuum revolving instrument steams dichloromethane, obtains final product extract；
4）The lotion and extract are separately dried, are crushed, merged, obtain final product.
The medicinal extract is 1g with the w/v of the ethanol：18ml.
A kind of preparation method of the composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, comprises the following steps：
1）The jasmonic 1.5 part of weight portion, chitin 2 part, matrine 3 part are weighed respectively, then in 40 DEG C of temperature, rotating speed
Carry out mixing 15 minutes under conditions of 2500rpm, stand 20 minutes, obtain mixture；
2）23 parts of Chinese medicine composition for weighing weight portion is added in the mixture, and rotating speed 3200rpm is stirred 40 minutes, is stood,
Obtain final product.
The using method of the composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses is repeated no more with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
5 parts of 0.2 part of acid, 5 parts of chitin, 0.5 part of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, raw material of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Make：10 parts of azedarach, 30 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 5 parts of lychee exocarp, 5 parts of lemon peel, 5 parts of luffa pericarp, 15 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, rosemary 12
Part, 12 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 3 parts of calamus.
The preparation method and using method of Chinese medicine composition described in the present embodiment is repeated no more refering to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
30 parts of 5 parts of acid, 0.5 part of chitin, 5 parts of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, raw material of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Make：30 parts of azedarach, 10 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 20 parts of lychee exocarp, 20 parts of lemon peel, 20 parts of luffa pericarp, 5 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, rosemary 3
Part, 3 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 12 parts of calamus.
The preparation method and using method of Chinese medicine composition described in the present embodiment is repeated no more refering to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
12 parts of 0.5 part of acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 4 parts of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, original of the Chinese medicine composition by following weight parts
Material is made：15 parts of azedarach, 25 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 15 parts of lychee exocarp, 15 parts of lemon peel, 15 parts of luffa pericarp, 6 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, fan change
Fragrant 6 parts, 6 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 10 parts of calamus.
The preparation method and using method of Chinese medicine composition described in the present embodiment is repeated no more refering to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7：The composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses described by the present embodiment, different from embodiment 1 ~ 6
It is：
The composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, also includes：Seed dressing, the seed dressing are prepared by following methods and are obtained
?：The dregs of a decoction II and sediment is collected, be dry, pulverize, 200 mesh are crossed with upper screen cloth, obtain powder, powder population product described in 1g
Fraction is 2% imidacloprid solution 5g, obtains final product seed dressing.
The using method of the composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, also includes：First that cottonseed is pre- in 58 DEG C of warm water
Leaching 30min, dries in the air after pulling out white to kind of hair, mixes cotton seed 100kg with the seed dressing 45g, stir 1 time, broadcast after 24h after the vexed 8h of heap
Kind.
Embodiment 8：The composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses described by the present embodiment, different from embodiment 1 ~ 6
It is：
The composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, also includes：Seed dressing, the seed dressing are prepared by following methods and are obtained
?：The dregs of a decoction II and sediment is collected, be dry, pulverize, 200 mesh are crossed with upper screen cloth, obtain powder, powder population product described in 1g
Fraction is 2% imidacloprid 4 ~ 6g of solution, obtains final product seed dressing.
The using method of the composite pesticide of the preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, also includes：First cottonseed in 55 ~ 60 DEG C of warm water
30 ~ 40min of preimpregnation, dries in the air after pulling out white to kind of hair, mixes cotton seed 100kg with the 40 ~ 50g of seed dressing, stir 1 after the vexed 8h of heap
Secondary, sow after 24h.
Compared with the cotton dressed seed by seed dressing is not carried out, the survival rate of cotton can improve 8 ~ 12%, cotton boll worm
The incidence of disease can reduce by 15 ~ 30%, the incidence of disease of cotton verticillium wilt can reduce by 42 ~ 55%；Molten with the imidacloprid only with 2%
The cotton dressed seed by liquid is compared, and the incidence of disease of cotton verticillium wilt can reduce by 23 ~ 35%.
Comparative example 1：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
1.2 parts of acid, 3 parts of chitin, 2 parts of matrine.
Comparative example 2：A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses, is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：China tree
23 parts of skin, 18 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 10 parts of lychee exocarp, 10 parts of lemon peel, 10 parts of luffa pericarp, 10 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 9 parts of rosemary, the capsule of weeping forsythia 9
Part, 9 parts of calamus.
Effect assessment
1st, biocidal property test
1.1 test strain：Verticillium dahliae (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.), cotton-wilt fusarium (Fusarium
Oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum（Atk.）Snyderet Hansen), Botryosphaeria berengeriana f. sp (Physalospora
Piricola), Pythium aphanidermatum (Pythium apHanidermatum), bacillus anthracis（Bacillus anthraci）、
Penicillium notatum (Penicillium expansum), verticilliumalbo-atrum (Verticillium albo-atrum), Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
(Rhizoctonia solani), fusarium moniliforme (Fusarium Moniliforme), Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium
Oxysporum), above bacterial classification can be bought by market channel or voluntarily isolated.
1.2 test sample：
Ⅰ：Composite pesticide prepared by embodiment 1；
Ⅱ：Composite pesticide prepared by comparative example 1；
Ⅲ：Composite pesticide prepared by comparative example 2.
Above-mentioned each sample is diluted 200 times, as dispenser liquid.
1.3 Antibacterial Activity methods：
The culture medium of heat will be added to for dispenser liquid（50~60℃）The inside mixes, and then uniformly pours each culture dish into, makes
The malicious culture medium of band.To add same amount of control solvent as compareing flat board, access for examination bacterial classification, culture, often process and do 3 weights
Multiple.Measurement control group and the colony diameter for the treatment of group.Measurement adopts crossing method, averages as colony diameter.
Inhibiting rate is calculated by following equation：Inhibiting rate（%）=（Pure increment-pure the increment of process bacterium colony of control bacterium colony）/ right
According to pure increment × 100% of bacterium colony.
Bacteriostatic activity of 1.4 test samples to test strain
Bacteriostasis rate of 1 test sample of table to test strain
As it can be seen from table 1 composite pesticide prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 is most strong to cotton-wilt fusarium biocidal property, up to
91.5%, it is secondly Penicillium notatum, bacteriostasis rate is 90.2%, and in addition the bacteriostasis rate of Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is exceeded
80%, and to remaining several bacteriostasis rate for examination bacterial classification also above 50%.Composite pesticide Rhizoctonia solani prepared by comparative example 1
There is higher bacteriostatic activity, bacteriostasis rate is 46.9%, next to that cotton-wilt fusarium and Penicillium notatum, additionally, several for examination to remaining
Bacterial classification also has different degrees of bacteriostatic activity.Composite pesticide prepared by comparative example 2 is to verticillium dahliae, cotton-wilt fusarium and green grass or young crops
Mould has higher bacteriostatic activity, and respectively 43.2%, 42.3% and 41.8%, next to that verticilliumalbo-atrum and ring rot of apple
Bacterium, and also have different degrees of bacteriostatic activity to remaining for examination bacterial classification.The effect of test sample I is substantially better than to compare and supplies sample
Product II and III, and due to the rear effect that both combine, synergy is obvious.
2nd, pest controling effect
2.1 experimental design
Test in 2014 Nian Mou counties agricultural technology extension multi-center trial bases.6 process of field reagent experimental design, respectively
For：Ⅰ：Composite pesticide prepared by comparative example 1；Ⅱ：Composite pesticide prepared by comparative example 2；Ⅲ：Composite pesticide prepared by embodiment 1；
Ⅳ：Seed dressing prepared by composite pesticide+embodiment 7 prepared by embodiment 1；Ⅴ：The pyrrole of composite pesticide+2% prepared by embodiment 1
Worm quinoline solution；Ⅵ：Non- dispenser is used as blank.
Composite pesticide dilutes 200 times of uses, and % represents mass percent.
Often process and be repeated 3 times, altogether 18 cells, be 36m per plot area2, random alignment.
Wherein, " the 2% imidacloprid solution " in " seed dressing prepared by embodiment 7 " and the Vth group in the IVth group is being mixed
The stage of kind uses, and using method refers to the embodiment of the present invention 7.Remaining adopts 16 type knapsack hand sprayers, to cotton leaf
Piece tow sides even spraying, be sprayed onto blade face moistening and till not dripping medicine.
2.2 efficacy survey
Investigation of the investigation using fixed point singling, before dispenser, using 5 points of samplings of diagonal, per selection has bollworm, cotton to each cell
Flower aphid and 10 plants of the cotton of red spider adult and larva, the quantity of per plant of each cotton-plant pest-insects of statistics that are listed, used as cell dispenser
Front insect population.1 after dispenser, 3,7d investigate respectively fixed point host crop on each insect amount of survival, count hundred plants of insect numbers
Amount and Revision insect recluced rate, calculate each process prevention effect, and to correct Revision insect recluced rate as prevention effect, formula is as follows：
Revision insect recluced rate (%)=（Borer population living after borer population-dispenser living before dispenser）Borer population × 100% living before/dispenser,
Prevention effect (%)=（Treatment region Revision insect recluced rate-check plot Revision insect recluced rate）/（100- check plots Revision insect recluced rate）×
100%.
The field control effect of 2.3 5 kinds of agricultural chemicals to cotton pest
Field control effect of the 2 five kinds of agricultural chemicals of table to bollworm
As can be seen from Table 2, for bollworm, suitable in the prevention effect of the 1d for treating, I and II, III, IV and V
Prevention effect is significantly better than that I and II, while IV is better than III；In the 3d for treating, II prevention effect is more than I, while IV He
V prevention effect is slightly better than III；In the 7d for treating, III, IV and V prevention effect reaches 100%, and II preventing and treating
Effect is higher than I.
Field control effect of the 3 five kinds of agricultural chemicals of table to cotton aphid
As can be seen from Table 3, for cotton aphid, in 1d, 3d and 7d for treating, the basic law of presentation is：Ⅲ、Ⅳ
I and II is significantly better than that with V prevention effect, while II prevention effect is always maintained at a little higher than I, IV prevention effect is most
Good.
Field control effect of the 4 five kinds of agricultural chemicals of table to red spider
As can be seen from Table 4, for cotton aphid, in 1d, 3d and 7d for treating, the basic law of presentation is：Ⅲ、Ⅳ
I and II is significantly better than that with V prevention effect, in contrast, I prevention effect is worst, preferably, V omits IV prevention effect
It is better than III.
The result of consolidated statement 2 ~ 4 can be seen that desinsection of the composite pesticide of the present invention to bollworm, cotton aphid and red spider
Effect shows excellent, can reach 100% to the prevention effect of bollworm and cotton aphid, hence it is evident that better than comparative example 1 and contrast
Composite pesticide prepared by example 2, Synergistic of the present invention, effect is significant.Meanwhile, the composite pesticide combined using seed dressing is prevented
Control effect more prominent, general effect is more excellent.
Although the foregoing describing the specific embodiment of the present invention, those familiar with the art should manage
Solution, the specific embodiment described by us are merely exemplary, rather than for the restriction to the scope of the present invention, are familiar with this
Equivalent modification and change that the technical staff in field is made in the spirit according to the present invention, should all cover the present invention's
In scope of the claimed protection.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide, it is characterised in that：It is prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：Jasmine
5 ~ 30 parts of 0.2 ~ 5 part of acid, 0.5 ~ 5 part of chitin, 0.5 ~ 5 part of matrine and Chinese medicine composition, the Chinese medicine composition is by following
The raw material of weight portion is made：10 ~ 30 parts of azedarach, 10 ~ 30 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 5 ~ 20 parts of lychee exocarp, 5 ~ 20 parts of lemon peel, luffa pericarp
5 ~ 20 parts, 5 ~ 15 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 3 ~ 12 parts of rosemary, 3 ~ 12 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 3 ~ 12 parts of calamus.
2. as claimed in claim 1 preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide, it is characterised in that：The Chinese medicine composition is by under
The raw material for stating weight portion is made：20 ~ 25 parts of azedarach, 15 ~ 20 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 8 ~ 12 parts of lychee exocarp, 8 ~ 12 parts of lemon peel, sponge gourd
8 ~ 12 parts of skin, 8 ~ 12 parts of yellow cinnamon leaf, 9 parts of rosemary, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 9 parts of calamus.
3. as claimed in claim 2 preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide, it is characterised in that：The Chinese medicine composition is by under
The raw material for stating weight portion is made：23 parts of azedarach, 18 parts of tree-of-heaven skin, 10 parts of lychee exocarp, 10 parts of lemon peel, 10 parts of luffa pericarp, perfume
10 parts of camphor tree leaf, 9 parts of rosemary, 9 parts of the capsule of weeping forsythia, 9 parts of calamus.
4. as claimed in claim 3 preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide, it is characterised in that：The preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses
Composite pesticide, be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion：0.9 ~ 1.5 part of jasmonic, 2 ~ 4 parts of chitin, 1 ~ 3 part of matrine
With 20 ~ 25 parts of Chinese medicine composition.
5. as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 4 preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide, it is characterised in that：The Chinese medicine group
The preparation method of compound is comprised the following steps：
1）Weigh respectively the azedarach of dry above-mentioned weight, tree-of-heaven skin, lychee exocarp, luffa pericarp, rosemary, the capsule of weeping forsythia and
Calamus, mixing, is crushed after freezing under nitrogen protection, obtains comminuting matter I；Weigh dry above-mentioned weight portion respectively to match somebody with somebody
The lemon peel and yellow cinnamon leaf of ratio, mixing are crushed, and obtain comminuting matter II；
2）The water of 4 ~ 6 times of its weight is added in the comminuting matter I, 40 ~ 50 DEG C are heated to, and is kept for 40 ~ 50 minutes, mistake while hot
Filter, obtains filtrate I and the dregs of a decoction I, filtrate is cooled down, sealing preserve；In the water that the dregs of a decoction I add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight, it is heated to
50 ~ 60 DEG C, kept for 30 ~ 40 minutes, filter while hot, obtain filtrate II and the dregs of a decoction II；The filtrate I and filtrate II are merged and is obtained
Filtrate, when the filtrate is concentrated into 75 DEG C, relative density is 1.12 ~ 1.15 medicinal extract, adds volume fraction in the medicinal extract
For 75 ~ 80% ethanol solution, 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature, kept for 18 ~ 24 hours, then filter, obtain filtrate III and sediment, by institute
State the lotion that relative density when filtrate III is evaporated to 55 DEG C is 1.20 ~ 1.25；
3）The water of its 3 ~ 5 times of weight of weight is added in the comminuting matter II, is added in distilling flask, is distilled, control
Distillation speed oozes the drop of solution 2 ~ 3 for backflow per second, and distillation time is 35 ~ 40 minutes, and distillation is extracted 2 ~ 3 times, and extract is closed
And extracted with dichloromethane, sub-cloud solution, vacuum revolving instrument steams dichloromethane, obtains final product extract；
4）The lotion and extract are separately dried, are crushed, merged, obtain final product.
6. as claimed in claim 5 preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide, it is characterised in that：The medicinal extract and the ethanol
W/v 1g：10~20ml.
7. a kind of preventing and treating cotton diseases and insect pestses composite pesticide preparation method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1）Weigh 0.2 ~ 5 part of the jasmonic of weight portion, 0.5 ~ 5 part of chitin, 0.5 ~ 5 part of matrine respectively, then temperature 30 ~
40 DEG C, carry out mixing 10 ~ 15 minutes under conditions of 2000 ~ 2500rpm of rotating speed, stand 15 ~ 20 minutes, obtain mixture；
2）5 ~ 30 parts of Chinese medicine composition for weighing weight portion is added in the mixture, 3000 ~ 3200rpm of rotating speed stirrings 30 ~ 40
Minute, stand, obtain final product.
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Application publication date: 20170315 |