CN1011485B - Method and device for purifying oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention purifies various solid contaminants, gum, water, air, etc. in hydraulic oil with high precision by an organic combination form of various purification mechanisms of magnetic absorption, rough filtration, centrifugal separation, electrostatic purification and depth type pressure filtration. A centrifugal rotor block with pressure oil liquid ejected from a hydraulic oil pipe nozzle as power, a thermostatic controller, a high-voltage electrostatic generator and an automatic safety protective circuit are arranged in the present invention. Through the reasonable arrangement and the reasonable treatment of dust collecting body materials, a gradient purifying electric field is obtained. The present invention has the advantages of high speed, high precision, low energy consumption, high safety and reliability. The oil purifying precision can reach below six levels (NAS-1638).

Description

Method and device for purifying oil

The present invention relates to a kind of method and device thereof that purifies hydraulic oil liquid.

Along with developing rapidly of hydraulic technique, hydraulic system and Hydraulic Elements tend to high-performance, high accuracy day by day.It is integrated that high pressure does not have pipe.Pollution control to hydraulic oil liquid proposes more and more higher requirement, not only to the strict control of solid more than the 10 μ m, and to sneaking into all strict control of particulate, colloidal oxide, moisture content, air below 3 μ in the hydraulic oil liquid.In hydraulic system, can not satisfy the systematic function requirement like this by the dress plain filter.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of multimachine reason high accuracy absolute oil method and apparatus.

Structure of the present invention such as front view 1, vertical view is shown in Figure 2, and oil conditioner cleaning system block diagram is as shown in Figure 3.The fluid (being called dirty oil) that needs to purify is sucked by the antipollution constant displacement pump; arrange magnetic thick oil filter at inlet port; as the preposition filtration of oil pump; the filtering coarse granule; the protection oil pump passes through the automatic constant-temperature adjuster then, suitably improves the temperature of oil; reduce oil viscosity, improve under the low temperature and the purification precision of high-viscosity oil.The automatic constant-temperature regulating system is by electric heater, the responsive to temperature contact, and automatic control circuit and switch are formed.Electric heater capacity is calculated by equation of heat balance according to flow:

H=C ρ Q △ T(kilocalorie/hour) ... (1)

The specific heat of C-oil is got 0.5(kilocalorie/kilogram ℃)

The density of ρ-oil is got 900(kg/m ³)

The Q-oil pump flow, 600 liters/hour

N＝H/860·η……（2）

η-heat transference efficiency gets 0.8

The present invention adopts 3(KW) the spiroid canal electric heater, temperature is the highest to be no more than 40 ℃ (± 5%).Fluid after heating up is at △ p≤8kg/cm ²Pressure down at a high speed from the ejection of streamlined nozzle, can obtain by the Bai Nuli equation according to flow system flow and pressure, this oil conditioner adopts centrifugal rotational speed 5000rpm, flow 10l/min, according to the Bai Nuli equation:

$Z_1+\frac{P_1}{r}+\frac{V_1{}^2}{\mathrm{2g}}{\mathrm{=\; Z}}_2+\frac{P_2}{r}+\frac{V_a{}^2}{\mathrm{2g}}{\mathrm{+\; h}}_{\omega }\mathrm{\dots \dots (3)}$

Because Z ₁=Z ₂, chewing equation for the streamlined pipe can be written as:

$\frac{\mathrm{△P}}{r}+\frac{V_1{}^2}{\mathrm{2g}}=\frac{V_2{＇}^2}{\mathrm{2g}}\mathrm{(1+\epsilon \; )\; \dots \dots \dots \dots (4)}$

Get nozzle velocity coefficient 0.98,

△p＝8kg/cm ²

r＝0.9kg/l

V ₂＝4216Cm/s

n＝5000（r·p·m）

In 5000 rev/mins centrifugal flow field, because the difference in specific gravity of polluter and fluid exists, make contamination particle (moisture content, colloid etc.) be subjected to the effect of centrifugal force and electric field force, move radially rapidly, perisporium at cylindrical shell is adsorbed by the Electrostatic Absorption material, reach the purpose of purification, if at the contamination particle at r=0.2 rice, centrifugal flow field, suffered centrifugal force is compared with gravity:

$\frac{F_C}{F_G}=\frac{{\mathrm{mr\; \omega }}^2}{\mathrm{mg}}=\frac{{\mathrm{r\; \omega }}^2}{g}\mathrm{=\; 5589\; ()\; \dots \dots (5)}$

Here:

ω-rotational angular velocity is by n=5000rpm conversion gained;

F _c.F _G-be respectively centrifugal force and gravity.

The checking computations proof is in 5000rpm centrifugal force flow field, and contained polluter will separate rapidly with more than 5000 times active force of gravity in the oil.This is the high-speed high accuracy mechanism of centrifugal clarification place.

Because between garden cylindrical shell and the rotor block is a pair of high-pressure electrostatic electrode, contamination particle is subjected to the effect of electric field force in the effect in centrifugal force flow field:

F＝Fc+Fe-Fu……（6）

Wherein: Fc=mr ω ²

Fe＝f ₁+f ₂+f ₃

f ₁, f ₂, f ₃-be respectively electric field Coulomb force, image force and electric field gradient force.

Fu=6 π μ a υ (Stokes formula)

In order to say something qualitatively, consider action of centrifugal force earlier separately, estimate that particle moves radially speed:

Suppose at this moment directly to reach balance, equation (6) is written as:

Fc＝Fu

mω ²r＝6πμaυ

Wherein:

M=ρ 4/3 π a ³(suppose that particle is that spherical radius is a)

μ=ρ _Oilυ (fluid dynamic viscosity)

$\mathrm{\nu \; =}\frac{{\mathrm{m\omega }}^{2}r}{\mathrm{6\; \pi \; \mu \; a}}=\frac{\frac{4}{3}{\mathrm{\rho \; \pi \; a}}^3{\omega }^{2}r}{{\mathrm{6\pi \; \rho }}_{}{\nu }_a}=\frac{2}{9}·\frac{\rho }{{\rho }_{}}·\frac{a^2}{\nu }{\omega }^2\mathrm{·\; r}$

……（7）

Formula (7) shows that qualitatively the contamination particle centrifuge speeds depends on the density ratio, the radial position of rotating speed and particle, granular size and fluid kinematic viscosity, (determine the smallest particles radius a) if pre-determine the absolute oil precision, just can estimate separating rate, by fluid holdup time in centrifugal zone, design the physical dimension of centrifugal cylindrical shell then.

Owing to be again the high-voltage electrostatic field simultaneously in the centrifugation zone, be placed on the dust-collecting material of good adsorption ability and dirt carrying capacity on the perisporium of the garden of cylindrical shell.So both increase the separation force of dirt, improved contaminant holding capacity again.

Fluid can be calculated by Euler's formula from the active force that surges of nozzle ejection:

F＝f′+f″＝ (r)/(g) Q（V ₂-V ₁）+△p·s……（8）

Here: S is the nozzle discharge area, can be obtained by continuity equation:

$\mathrm{S\; =}\frac{Q}{V_2}\mathrm{\dots \dots \dots \dots (9)}$

Fluid separates and Electrostatic Absorption through high speed centrifugation, and the fluid precision has reached high level, can remove the following colloidal substance of 0.1 μ.But because viscous effect has few part polluter and brings out with fluid in fluid flows.The present invention is provided with static press filtration zone again at oil-out.Common degree of depth shape pressure filter, filtering accuracy depends on the thickness of filling fiber, compactness extent.For the particle below the 3 μ m, even littler colloid, filtration is had any problem.Be subjected to other filtering feature parameter simultaneously, as pressure fall, influence such as through-current capacity.In order to remedy the shortcoming of degree of depth shape filter, adopt filling fibers material in more open ground between the high-pressure electrostatic electrode at oil-out, as nylon, glass fibre etc.Make fibers material electrostatic induction in highfield.Microparticles such as colloid are under effect of electric field, because of charged or electrostatic inductions such as frictional impact, illumination, the swashes of wave, these charged particles are under the effect of electric field force, be adsorbed on the fibrous material, meanwhile particle is subjected to the buffer action that stops of fiber filling bed, under such double action, residual effectively being removed in the fluid at microparticle, colloid etc.Owing to increased the high-pressure electrostatic effect between the press filtration filter core, the lube purification precision is improved greatly, make the reduction of filter pressure simultaneously, through-current capability improves.

The purification mechanism in following surface analysis static filter zone because degree of depth shape press filtration cleaning principle is more obvious, highlights Electrostatic Absorption mechanism here.

According to the electrodynamics principle, the potential function in the static press filtration zone shown in the figure (1) satisfies Poisson's equation:

Here:

ε ₁The relative dielectric constant of-fluid,

ρ-electron charge density

P＝3ε ₃/（ε ₃+2），

ε ₃The relative dielectric constant of-particle

After approximate, the electric-field intensity in fluid and the control of dust material can approximate representation be:

$E_1=\frac{{\epsilon }_2}{{\mathrm{(\epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{-\; \epsilon }}_2{\mathrm{)d}}_2{\mathrm{+\; \epsilon }}_{2}L}\mathrm{\dots \dots \dots \dots (11)}$

$E_2=\frac{{\epsilon }_1}{{\mathrm{(\epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{-\; \epsilon }}_2{\mathrm{)\; d}}_2{\mathrm{+\; \epsilon }}_{2}L}\mathrm{\dots \dots \dots \dots （12）}$

Because filter material is a loose anisotropic fiber filling material, so the DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS of material ₂Be a statistical value, at this moment the relation of polarization intensity P and field intensity E can be expressed as:

D _x＝ε _o（ε _xxE _x+ε _xyE _y+ε _xzE

）

D _y＝ε _o（ε _yxE _x+ε _yyE _y+ε _ysE

）

D _s＝ε _o（ε _zxE _x+ε _zyE _y+ε _zsE

）

At this moment the DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS of filter material can be used tensor representation:

Because ε _XyzChange in various directions and space each point, so electric field strength E ₁, E ₂Be the heterogeneous of distortion, gradE ≠ 0 at this moment, under the effect of this inhomogeneous field, charged particle is subjected to the effect of following several main power:

Coulomb force: f ₁=K ₁12 π ε ₁α ²E ²

Image force: $f_2\mathrm{=\; K}{}_2\frac{a^4}{{\mathrm{4d}}^2}\frac{{\mathrm{(\; \epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{-\; \epsilon }}_2)}{{\mathrm{(\epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{+\; \epsilon }}_2)}{\epsilon }_{1}E{}^2$

Gradient force: $f_3\mathrm{=\; 2\; \pi \; a}{}^3\frac{{\epsilon }_3\mathrm{-\; 1}}{{\epsilon }_3\mathrm{+\; 2}}{\epsilon }_1\mathrm{gradE}{}^2$

Viscous force: f ₄=6 π μ a υ (work as R _e＜0.5 o'clock)

The stressed equation of motion of particle is:

$m\frac{\mathrm{d\; \nu }}{\mathrm{d\; t}}{\mathrm{=\; K}}_1\mathrm{12\pi \; \epsilon }{}_{1}E{}^{2}a{}^2{\mathrm{+\; K}}_2\frac{a^4}{{\mathrm{4d}}^2}\frac{{\mathrm{(\; \epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{-\; \epsilon }}_2)}{{\mathrm{(\epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{+\; \epsilon }}_2)}{\epsilon }_{1}E{}^2$

${\mathrm{+\; 2\pi \; a}}^3\frac{{\epsilon }_3\mathrm{-\; 1}}{{\epsilon }_3\mathrm{+\; 2}}{\epsilon }_1\mathrm{gr\; adE}{}^2\mathrm{-\; 6\pi \mu a\nu \; \dots \dots (14)}$

After polluter was adsorbed onto on the fibrous filter, equilibrium equation was:

f′＝f ₁+f ₂+f ₃

${\mathrm{=\; K}}_1\mathrm{12\pi \; \epsilon }{}_{1}a{}^{2}E{}^2{\mathrm{+\; K}}_2\frac{a^4{\mathrm{(\; \epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{-\; \epsilon }}_2)}{{\mathrm{4\; d}}^2{\mathrm{(\epsilon }}_1{\mathrm{+\; \epsilon }}_2)}{\epsilon }_{1}E{}^2$

${\mathrm{+\; 2\pi a}}^3\frac{{\epsilon }_3\mathrm{-\; 1}}{{\epsilon }_3\mathrm{+\; 2}}{\epsilon }_1\mathrm{gradE}{}^2\mathrm{\dots \dots \dots \dots \dots \dots (15)}$

In formula (14), under the effect of (15) active force, particle in chemical fibre filling bed gap or by block from, perhaps be adsorbed, the further high accuracy of fluid is purified.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the inventive method, its step is as follows: dirty oil is by the thick oil filter of magnetic net formula, be inhaled into oil pump behind the filtering coarse granule, delivering to the automatic constant-temperature adjuster through the oil of oil pump pressurization heats, to reduce oil viscosity, control that oily temperature is the highest to be no more than 40 ℃ (± 5%), the oil of heating is made purified treatment through the purifying area that has centrifugation and electrostatic adsorption simultaneously, wherein the centrifugal force field of centrifugation is that the ejection by compressed oil itself is a power, promoting centrifugal rotor height speed rotates and produces, oil after above-mentioned purifying area is handled is made purified treatment through the purifying area that has degree of depth press filtration and electrostatic adsorption simultaneously again, so just can obtain the high accuracy clean oil.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the device assembles figure that implements the inventive method: have the thick oil filter of the adsorbing 60-80 order of magnet net formula, be installed in the oil pump suction inlet, oil pump adopts gear oil pump or cycloid rotor pump, oil pump is connected with monophase machine (1) with shaft coupling, the oil pump outlet is connected with automatic constant-temperature adjuster (10), make the oil heating to reduce oil viscosity, the automatic constant-temperature adjuster comprises: spiroid canal electric heater, thermistor, gauge tap circuit.The purifying area that has centrifugation and electrostatic adsorption simultaneously comprises following a few part: the central rotating shaft of hollow (8), central rotating shaft (8) are to be connected with the oil export (7) of automatic constant-temperature adjuster (10) by central tube joint, oil inlet pipe (12) and valve (9); The rotary drum (4) that is connected with central rotating shaft (8) with screw; With the nozzle (2) that left-hand thread is connected with central rotating shaft (8), central rotating shaft (8) has a centre bore to be connected with nozzle (2).(2), (8), (4) three fuse, link to each other with extraneous positive electricity, nozzle (2) is to adopt the short garden of common taper post spray orifice, through the tangential ejection of garden week, two nozzles are arranged around central point, the moment unanimity that the power of surging is produced, pressure oil by nozzle (2) ejection produces the power of surging, this power of surging produces and makes rotary drum (4) backward rotation moment, drives rotary drum (4) high speed rotating, drives the surrounding liquid rotation by rotary drum simultaneously, sets up centrifugal force field.

Central rotating shaft inner chamber and center inlet connector (linking to each other) with oil inlet pipe (12), as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), can make central rotating shaft (8), rotary drum (4), nozzle (2) and casing insulation, the endoporus of insulating materials is with the copper sheathing that is threaded, copper sheathing endoporus and center inlet connector make the phase mutual energy rotate and lean on clearance seal movingly.In addition, central rotating shaft (8) itself is by the bearing supporting, and bearing outer ring is bearing on the insulating supporting body, makes central rotating shaft (8), rotary drum (4) and container body of outer cover insulation, and container body of outer cover ground connection is negative electrode.

Therefore, form a pair of high-voltage electrostatic field between rotary drum (4) and the centrifugal garden cylindrical shell (3), foul is under the double action in the centrifugal force field and the static field of force in the oil, move to centrifugal garden cylindrical shell (3), and finally be adsorbed on the control of dust body (11) that is arranged on the cylinder inboard wall of centrifugal garden, dust-collecting material is a filter paper for oil, as earlier it being made control of dust shape among Fig. 2 with 170 air papers, and is inserted on the wall of garden after forming an integral body.

Have the purifying area of degree of depth press filtration and electrostatic adsorption simultaneously, it comprises: central rotating shaft (8); Be in central rotating shaft (8) degree of depth type filter core (6) on every side, in loose fiber material such as nylon yarn, glass fibre etc. are housed; Filter core (6) periphery is a press filtration garden cylindrical shell (5), and (5) also are ground connection, so form the high-voltage electrostatic field between central rotating shaft (8) and garden cylindrical shell (5).The electrostatic induction under the electric field force effect of loose porous material, make the external electric field distortion, electric-force gradient increases, and absorption property is good, like this, aperture from the bearing external support dish enters the oil of purifying area, stop through the loose fibres layer, by the absorption of the fiber of electrostatic induction, impurity is further removed, clean oil is drawn from outlet (7) at last, collects in the clean container.

Absolute oil method and apparatus of the present invention, the absorption of employing magnetic, coarse filtration, centrifugation, static staticize, the organic assembling form of the multiple purification mechanism of degree of depth type press filtration, various solid pollutants in the high accuracy purification hydraulic oil and colloid, moisture, air etc.Purification speed is fast, precision is high, energy consumption is low, safe and reliable.The absolute oil precision can reach (NAS-1638) below six grades.

The present invention has following accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the elevational cross-sectional view of oil purifier;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view cutaway drawing of oil purifier;

Fig. 3 is the cleaning system block diagram.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2; (1) is motor pump; (2) be nozzle; (3) be centrifugal garden cylindrical shell; (4) be rotary drum; (5) be press filtration garden cylindrical shell; (6) be degree of depth type filter core; (7) be oil-out; (8) be rotating shaft; (9) be valve; (10) be thermostat, heater; (11) be the control of dust body; (12) be oil inlet pipe and pipe joint.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of method of clean oil, it is characterized in that: elder generation is through the thick oil filter coarse filtration of magnetic net formula before the dirty oily suction pump, coarse filtration oil heats up through oil pump pressurization, automatic constant-temperature adjuster, the purifying area of the oil that has reduced viscosity through intensification through having centrifugation, electrostatic adsorption simultaneously purifies, after have the purifying area of degree of depth press filtration, electrostatic adsorption simultaneously and purify.

2,, it is characterized in that the centrifugal force field of said centrifugation clean oil utilizes pressure oil ejection itself to produce for power promotes the rotation of centrifugal rotor height speed by the method for the said clean oil of claim 1.

3, press the oil purifier of the said clean oil method of claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that it comprises: oil pump, what be connected with oil pump inlet has a thick oil filter of the adsorbing 60-80 order of magnet net formula, the automatic constant-temperature adjuster (10) that is connected with the oil pump outlet, the purifying area that has centrifugation, electrostatic adsorption simultaneously has the purifying area of degree of depth press filtration, electrostatic adsorption simultaneously.The said purifying area that has centrifugation, electrostatic adsorption simultaneously comprises: the central rotating shaft of hollow (8), central rotating shaft (8) are to be connected with the oil-out of automatic constant-temperature adjuster (10) by central tube joint, oil inlet pipe (12), valve (9); The rotary drum (4) that is connected with central rotating shaft (8) with screw; With the nozzle (2) that left-hand thread is connected with central rotating shaft (8), nozzle (2) is connected with the centre bore of central rotating shaft (8), and (2), (4), (8) three fuses, and connects extraneous positive voltage; Centrifugal garden cylindrical shell (3) ground connection that rotary drum (4) is peripheral; Control of dust body (11) is installed on the cylindrical shell (3).The said purifying area that has degree of depth press filtration, electrostatic adsorption simultaneously comprises: central rotating shaft (8); Be in central rotating shaft (8) degree of depth type filter core (6) on every side, the loose fiber material is housed in (6); Press filtration district garden cylindrical shell (5) ground connection that filter core (6) is peripheral.

4, by the said oil purifier of claim 3, it is characterized in that said nozzle is common taper short cylindrical spray orifice, two nozzles are arranged around central point.

5, by the said oil purifier of claim 3, it is characterized in that said control of dust body (11) adopts 170 air papers, the loose fiber material that press filtration is used is nylon yarn or glass fibre.

6, by the said oil purifier of claim 3, it is characterized in that said automatic constant-temperature adjuster comprises: spiroid canal electric heater, thermistor, gauge tap circuit.

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