WO2003006167A1

WO2003006167A1 - The apparatus for particle separation and sorting and washing and drying

Info

Publication number: WO2003006167A1
Application number: PCT/KR2001/001261
Authority: WO
Inventors: Heong Hoi Gu
Original assignee: Heong Hoi Gu
Priority date: 2001-07-13
Filing date: 2001-07-24
Publication date: 2003-01-23
Also published as: KR20010079412A; KR100417329B1

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and draying particles. The apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles crushed sand or agricultural products gathered along the river or coast with the blade attached on an inhalator, transfers to a blower, crushes with a free-cutter, grinds and washes, removes ron with a magnetic separator, and removes sand and agricultural products contained in discharged matters in a dust collector.

Description

THE APPARATUS FOR PARTICLE SEPARATION AND SORTING AND

WASHING AND DRYING

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles, and more particularly, to an apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles, which crushes sand or agricultural products gathered along the river or coast with the blade attached on an inhalator, transfers to a blower, crashes with a free-cutter, grinds and washes, removes iron with a magnetic separator, and removes sand and agricultural products contained in discharged matters in a dust collector.

Moreover, the apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles can effectively dry and separate agricultural products because not using the magnetic separator when drying and sorting agricultural products.

Background Art

In general, to separate and sort sand and foreign matters in a mine or an aggregate gathering area, a vibrator is mounted on a separator such as a screen and removes water contained in the sand using vibration force. After that, aggregates are inserted into a crusher to be crushed in a size of sand, and then sorted by passing through the screen. However, the apparatus is in a large size and high in management cost and repair cost and can not resist abrasion, and thus, there have been various researches for developing the apparatus.

Korean patent application no. 1995-011180 discloses a fine crushing apparatus including a crusher for crushing objects crushed by driving of a plurality crashing disks rotating by the driving power of a motor and a dust collector for filtering and collecting particles generated from the crusher with a screen. The crusher has upper and lower crushing disks mounted on a lower portion of a body for crushing matters provided by a screw conveyer having a hopper, a swirl chamber having a blower fan and a swirl induction pipe, and a light wind fan. The dust collector has a dust collecting chamber having a screen, an inhale chamber connected with a suction pipe on which an exhaust fan is mounted, and a vibration motor.

Korean patent publication no. 2001-19487 discloses a device and a method for dredging sludge including the steps of: generating an air lifting phenomenon inside a vacuum sludge inhaling pipe by providing compressed air to a front end of the vacuum sludge inhaling pipe and mixing sludge and air; inhaling sludge and air into a vacuum suction and gas, liquid and solid separation chamber of an upper portion of a vacuum sludge inhaling downstream tank; separating gas, liquid and solid; and conveying the separated gas, liquid and solid through sludge conveying means by a sludge conveying pump connected to a sludge downstream chamber of the vacuum sludge inhaling downstream tank.

Korean patent no. 10-277659 discloses a drop type drying and separating apparatus for drying and separating mineral and sand mixed with water and impurities. The drop type drying and separating apparatus includes first and second inclined plates capable of adjusting the inclination and having artificial lawn on an upper portion and a heater on a lower portion; a lower inclined plate capable of adjusting the inclination, located on the lower portion of the second inclined plate and having artificial lawn on an upper portion and a hot air guiding pipe; and a vibrator mounted on the first and second inclined plates and the lower inclined plate for movement and separation. The apparatus separates pure mineral or molding sand while discharging impurities toward an upper portion or toward a side wall of the apparatus body by hot wind. Korean patent publication no. 97-8433 discloses a sand drying device having a screw rotating by a rotary shaft in a sand sorting case. In the sand drying device, a vacuum valve is mounted on a shaft connected with a flange on an end of a rotary shaft. A plurality of inhale holes are formed in such a manner that the inhale holes pass through a packing and a contact pipe disposed between a rotary plate and a fixed plate of the vacuum valve and pass at an angle of 90 degrees from the inner surface of a rotary pipe to the outer circumference. A bucket having a sand filter net is mounted at an end of a connection pipe mounted in the inhale hole. A vacuum chamber and a hollow chamber, which are formed by dividing the fixed pipe into an upper portion and a lower portion, have an opening at an inlet respectively. A plurality of springs elastically mounted in a spring mounting hole of a rear portion of the fixed plate have an end covered with a spring cap and the other end supported by a thrust bearing, and thereby the fixed plate is contacted in a direction of the rotary plate. The bucket connected with the vacuum valve is located inside a sand collecting part disposed at a side of a sand sorting case.

Korean patent publication no. 90-6260 discloses an apparatus and a method for manufacturing ceramic sand. The ceramic sand manufacturing method includes the steps of: conveying sand of a sand tank to a hot-air dryer through conveying means and drying; conveying dried sand to a sorter to sort by sand particle size and storing in the sand tank; mixing the dried sand of the sand tank and active liquid ceramic of the tank in a mixer for about 5 minutes; piling up and coating ceramic pieces on the surface of sand particle and conveying to the hot-air dryer to be dried while vibrated; and cooling in a cooler. The above prior arts have an inconvenience that the prior arts must prepare the inhaling device for inhaling solid particles such as sand containing water, the drier for drying, and the separator for removing foreign matters and sorting by particle. Even though the above devices are prepared, particles must be dried naturally or inserted into the device two or three times since the prior arts are weak in dehydration force, particle separation and removal of impurities.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles, which can automatically separate particles by weight of particles while drying using wind pressure, and remove fine iron contained in separated particles, thereby not causing environmental pollution by collecting and treating dust.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles, which washes sand, ore or agricultural products (rice, barley, wheat, bean, red bean, millet, corn, and so on) using a wind pressure dry method using a physical action, automatically separates particles according to weight, and removes fine iron contained in separated particles, thereby not causing environmental pollution by collecting and treating dust.

The apparatus according to the present invention is mounted to be sealed by wind pressure, and includes a suction distributor, a hydraulic absorber, an air inhaling pipe, a vapor pan, a pressure pan, an injection pan, a swirl pan, free- cutters, a separation pipes, a water absorber, a dust collector, a copper screen water discharge pipe, a dust discharge pipe, a sludge conveyer dehydrating screen, magnetic separators and an iron discharge pipe. The suction distributor transfers sand or ores sucking from the hydraulic absorber to a swirl pipe. The hydraulic absorber transfers water content of 60% of sand or ores to the suction distributor through an inhale pan and has a hydraulic function moving laterally at an angle of 90 degrees and a function sensing matters using a sensor. The air inhaling pipe controls air volume to operate the hydraulic absorber and the suction distributor smooth. The injection pan transfers matters (sand, soil and ore), which will be spread through the suction distributor, to a steam pipe to evaporate. By pressure of the vapor pan and pressure of the pressure pan, water is conveyed to a first vapor swirl pipe and sand passes second to fourth swirl pans and is separated by the separation pipes according to thickness of particles when sand and water are separated through the vapor pan. The vapor pan vaporizes water separated from sand by pressure of the injection pan and the pressure pan. The swirl pan generates natural swirl in a rectangular circulation path using pressure of the injection pan and the pressure pan, divides water and sand and passes artificial swirl and natural swirl through a swirl unevenness formed on a rectangular surface. The free-cutter or a grinder washes plenty of dust through a mutual crossing of a brush and a grinding stone by passing large, middle and small-sized sand particles passing the swirl pipe. The water absorber absorbs residual water after evaporation of water separated by the pressure pan and the injection pan and induces to flow to a separate pipe. The dust collector separates dust and iron. The vibration screen separates thicker particles collected to an upper portion by wind pressure. The water discharge pipe is opened according to a prescribed time and discharges water flowing down from the water absorber by generating pressure using heat (prevents stopping of a pipe path). The dust discharge pipe transfers the collected dust. The sludge conveying pipe transfers water according to amount of water. The dehydration screen separates particles according to thickness before the purification treatment. The magnetic separator removes fine iron using dry type and wet type magnets. The iron discharge pipe transfers iron inhaled to the magnetic separator.

When the blade mounted on the absorber crushes solid particles such as sand and ore while rotating, heat is generated, thereby drying the crashed particles of wet solid type. Therefore the blade mounted on the absorber is very effective in crushing solid particles not only of sand and ore but also of agricultural products. The water absorber according to the present invention is invented using the principle that a slight heat is conveyed to the water absorber and a small amount of absorbed water is evaporated by the conveyed slight heat, and a large amount of water is flown downward if an insulation plate is disposed between an radiation plate and the water absorber but cannot completely insulate. The free-cutter includes an octagonal drum having flat surfaces and oval surfaces formed in turn, a plurality of dram holes formed in four flat surfaces of the drum and having a female screw respectively, cylindrical grinding stones inserted into the drum holes, the blade and the brush, a shaft formed by passing the center of the drum, two bearing casings mounted at both sides of the shaft and having the bearing and the retainer therein for fixing the shaft to easily rotate, a cuffs ring extending to the outside of the bearing casing and connected to the motor shaft, and a motor for rotating the shaft of the drum through the cuffs ring. The blade attached on the free-cutter includes a cylindrical blade part 841 inclined at angles of about 7° to 15° at the end of the blade and a radially triangular hole extending from a lower portion to an upper portion in a side of the cylindrical blade part 841 gently. The triangular hole contacts from a point of the lower portion to the center of an upper end and to right and left half points on an arc of the upper end. Two boundary lines are formed in such a manner that a cylindrical side of the cylindrical blade part 841 and the radially rectangular hole are contact with each other. The solid particles are crashed by the inclined portion of the upper portion of the blade part and the inside of the rectangular hole, and the crushed particles are grinded by a cylindrical grinding stone formed on the side of the blade. The grinded particles are washed by a cylindrical brush formed on a side of the grinding stone.

The swirl pipe has wind pressure resistance films for making gas or fluid flowing inside the pipe in whirls by generating artificial whirl phenomenon inside the rectangular pipe.

The magnetic separator includes a magnet fixing rod 1703 mounted at a side of the inside of the pipe, a wet type magnet 1701 fixed at an end by the magnet fixing rod 1703, and a dry type magnet 1702 having an end fixed on an opposed side of the magnet fixing rod 1703. Because having an end fixed on the magnet fixing rod and the other end positioned free, the magnetic separator moves laterally by gas or fluid flowing inside the pipe and separates iron contained in the gas or fluid.

The present invention can be changed, converted, replaced and substituted within a range of the business model, technical method and system and is not restricted in the above.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Further objects and advantages of the invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 is a view of a process for separating, washing, drying and sorting particles according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a detail view of an apparatus for separating, washing, drying and sorting particles according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a detail view of a water absorber according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a detail view of a rotary blade of the absorber; FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the rotary blade of the absorber;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the rotary blade of the absorber;

FIG. 7 is a detail view of a swirl pipe according to the present invention;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are detail views of a free-cutter according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a detail view of a blade of the free-cutter according to the present invention;]

FIG. 11 is a detail view of a grinding stone of the free-cutter;

FIG. 12 is a detail view of a brash of the free-cutter; and FIG. 13 is a detail view of a magnetic separator according to the present invention.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

The present invention will now be described in detail in connection with preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. For reference, like reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout several views.

FIG. 1 is a view of a process for separating, washing, drying and sorting particles according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detail view of an apparatus for separating, washing, drying and sorting particles according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a detail view of a water absorber according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a detail view of a rotary blade of the absorber, FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the rotary blade of the absorber, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the rotary blade of the absorber, FIG. 7 is a detail view of a swirl pipe according to the present invention, FIGS. 8 and 9 are detail views of a free-cutter according to the present invention, FIG. 10 is a detail view of a blade of the free- cutter according to the present invention, FIG. 11 is a detail view of a grinding stone of the free-cutter, FIG. 12 is a detail view of a brush of the free-cutter, and FIG. 13 is a detail view of a magnetic separator according to the present invention. The apparatus for separating, washing, drying and sorting particles according to the present invention includes a suction distributor 1, an absorber 2, an air inhaling pipe 3, an injection pan 4, a pressure pan 5, a vapor pan 6, swirl pipes 7', 7" and 7'", free-cutters 8, separation pipes 9, a water absorber 10, a dust collector 11, a vibration screen 12, a water discharge pipe 13, a dust discharge pipe 14, a sludge conveyer 15, a dehydration screenlό, magnetic separators 17, an iron recovery pipe 18, a conveyer 19, a water conveying pipe 20, an electrode 101, an radiation plate 102, an insulator 103, a water absorbing agent 104, a motor 201, a motor shaft 202, fixing plates 203 and 203', a blade 204, a nut 205, a motor shaft connecting hole 231, a connection part 232, blade shaft connecting holes 233 and 233', an inlet 234, a blade shaft hole 241, blade shafts 242 and 242', a rotary blade 300, a rectangular pipe 702, a first wind pressure resistance film 703, a second wind pressure resistance film 704, a dram 801, a dram frame 802, a dram hole 803, a blade 804, a grinding stone 805, a brush 806, a cuffs ring 807, a motor 808, a bearing casing 809, a retainer 810, a bearing 811, a shaft 812, a cylindrical blade part 841, a triangular hole 842, boundary lines 843 and 843', supporting rods 844, 854 and 864, octagonal frames 845, 855 and 865, a male screw part 846, 856 and 866, a blade body 847, a cylindrical grinding roll 850, a brash hair 860, a wet type magnet 1701, a dry type magnet 1702 and a magnet fixing rod 1703.

FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate the process and apparatus for separating, washing, drying and sorting particles according to the present invention. The apparatus, which has rectangular pipes inside, includes the absorber 2 disposed at a side of a lower portion for absorbing sand, the rotary blade 300 mounted on the absorber 2 for crushing sand, the suction distributor 1 connected with the absorber 2 through the rectangular pipe for injecting solid particles conveyed from the absorber 2, the air inhaling pipe 3 mounted at a side of the suction distributor 1 for controlling air volume in the inside of the apparatus, the injection pan 4 mounted at a side of the air inhaling pipe 3 and near to an outlet of the suction distributor 1 for conveying the injected solid particles to the upper portion, the pressure pan 5 mounted at a side of the upper rectangular pipe of the injection pipe 5 for pressurizing solid particles and conveying upwardly, the swirl pipes 7', 7" and 7'" having the first swirl pipe 7 mounted on an upper portion of the pressure pan 5 and the wind pressure resistance films 703 and 704 mounted in the inside of the rectangular surface and on the upper portion of the first swirl pipe and passing artificial swirl and natural swirl by wind pressure, the water absorber 10 mounted on an upper portion of the vapor swirl pipe 7' for evaporating water separated by the pressure pan 5 and the injection pan 4 and inhaling and separating residual water, the water conveying pipe 20 mounted at a side of a lower portion of the water absorber 10 and connected with the water discharge pipe 13 for conveying the inhaled water, the vapor pan 6 mounted on the upper portion of the water absorber 10 for evaporating water separated by pressure of the injection pan 4 and the pressure pan 5, the water discharge pipe 13 connected to the outlet of the vapor pan 6 for passing the water absorber 10 and discharging water evaporated by the vapor pan 6, the sludge conveyer 15 connected to a lower portion of the water discharge pipe 13 for conveying water, the blade 804 connected to the vapor swirl pipe 7 at the center of the apparatus for passing solid particles of large, middle and small sizes, three free- cutters 8 for washing plenty of dust by crossing the grinding stone 805 and the brash 806, four rectangular pipes mounted on a lower portion of the free-cutters 8 for lowering solid particles crashed, grinded and washed in the free-cutters, three magnetic separators 17 for removing fine iron using the wet type magnet 1701 and the dry type magnet 1702, the iron recovering pipe 18 mounted on a lower portion of the magnetic separators 17 for conveying iron inhaled on an electromagnet of the magnetic separator, three separation pipes 9 mounted on a lower portion of the iron recovering pipe 18 for naturally dropping downwardly the particles of large, middle and small sizes separated by passing the magnetic separators 17, the swirl pipes 7" and 7'" having the wind pressure resistance films 703 and 704 formed in the rectangular pipes formed on an upper portion of the free-cutters 8, the vibration screen 12 mounted on an upper portion of the swirl pipes 7" and 7'" for sorting thicker particles gathered on the upper portion by wind pressure, the dust collector 11 connected to the vibration screen 12 through the rectangular pipe at the other upper side of the apparatus for separating dust and iron conveyed from the vibration screen 12, the dust discharge pipe 14 connected to the dust collector 11 through the rectangular pipe for conveying the collected dust, the conveyer 19 operated by a typical motor for conveying dust discharged from the dust discharge pipe 14, and the dehydration screen 16 mounted on a lower portion of the conveyer 19 for sorting dust dropping by the conveyer 19 according to thickness of particles before purification treatment.

FIG. 3 illustrates a detail view of the water absorber according to the present invention. The water absorber includes the electrode 101 mounted in the inside the pipe, the radiation plate 102 mounted on an outer portion of the electrode 101 for irradiating heat, the insulator 103 mounted on an outer portion of the radiation plate 102 for insulating heat, and the water absorbing agent 104 mounted on an outer portion of the insulator 103 for absorbing water. FIG. 4 illustrates a detail view of the rotary blade of the absorber according to the present invention. The rotary blade of the absorber includes the motor 201, the motor shaft 202 connected to the motor 201, two cylindrical fixing plates 203 and 203' connected to the motor shaft 202, and the plurality of blades 204 mounted on the fixing plates 203 and 203'.

FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded view of the rotary blade of the absorber. The two fixing plates 203 and 203' form a pair and are mounted at both ends of the blade 204. The fixing plate 203 includes the motor shaft connecting hole 231 formed at the center, the connecting part 232 having the motor shaft connecting hole 231 formed at a side surface, and the blade shaft connecting hole 233 formed in the outer surface of the connecting part 232. The fixing plate 203' includes the inlet 234 formed at the center and the blade shaft connecting hole 233 ' formed in the outer side of the inlet 234.

The blade 204 is formed in the form of " — ^•- " and has the blade shaft holes 241 formed at both ends for inserting the blade shafts 242 and 242'.

FIG. 6 illustrates a sectional view of the blade of the absorbing cutter. The blade of the absorbing cutter includes the fixing plates 203 and 203' connected at both sides of the plurality of blades 204 having the blade shafts 242 and 242' at both ends, the nut 206 firmly fixed at the end of the blade shafts 242 and 242' connected with the fixing plates 203 and 203', the connecting part 232 formed in the inside of the fixing plate 203, and the motor shaft 202 connected to the motor 201 at the outer side of the connecting part 232. The blade of the absorber is mounted in the inside of a case (not shown), crashes solid particles such as sand and ore inserted through the inlet and discharges through the outlet. Ten to twenty four blades may be used at need.

FIG. 7 illustrates the swirl pipes 7', 7" and 7'". The swirl pipe includes the rectangular pipe 702, the first wind pressure resistance film 703 of a zigzag type, which has an angle of 60 degrees, formed in the inside of the rectangular pipe 702, and the second wind pressure resistance film 704, which is in the form of a saw-tooth of 45° and formed at a lower portion, connected to the first wind pressure resistance film 703.

FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the free-cutter. The free-cutter includes the octagonal drum 801 having flat surfaces and oval surfaces formed in turn, the plurality of drum holes 803 formed in four flat surfaces of the drum 801 and having a female screw respectively, the cylindrical grinding stones 805 inserted into the drum holes 803, the blade 804 and the brush 806, the shaft 812 formed by passing the center of the drum 801, two bearing casings 809 mounted at both sides of the shaft 812 and having the bearing 811 and the retainer 810 therein for fixing the shaft 12 to easily rotate, the cuffs ring 807 extending to the outside of the bearing casing 809 and connected to the motor shaft, and the motor 808 for rotating the shaft of the dram through the cuffs ring 807.

FIG. 10 illustrates the blade 804. The blade 804 includes a cylindrical blade part 841 inclined at angles of about 7° to 15° at the end of the blade, a radially triangular hole extending from a lower portion to an upper portion in a side of the cylindrical blade part 841 gently and contacting from a point of the lower portion to the center of an upper end and to right and left half points on an arc of the upper end, two boundary lines 843 and 843' formed in such a manner that a cylindrical side of the cylindrical blade part 841 and the radially rectangular hole are contact with each other and formed in a radial triangle by contacting at the central portion of an upper end from a point of a lower portion and right and left half points on an arc of the upper end, the octagonal flange 845 formed at a lower portion of the supporting rod 844 for firmly fixing the supporting rod 844 when being inserted into the drum hole 803, and the male screw part 846 formed at a cylindrical outer surface of a lower portion of the octagonal flange. FIG. 11 illustrates the grinding stone 805. The grinding stone 805 includes the cylindrical grinding roll 850, the supporting rod 854 formed on a lower portion of the cylindrical grinding roll 850, the octagonal flange 855 formed on a lower portion of the supporting rod 854 for firmly fixing the supporting rod 854 when being inserted into the drum hole 803, and the male screw part 856 formed at a cylindrical outer surface of a lower portion of the octagonal flange. FIG. 12 illustrates the brush 806. The brush 806 includes the brash hair

860 implanted in the outside of a cylindrical body, the supporting rod 864 for supporting the brush hair 860, the octagonal flange 865 formed on a lower portion of the supporting rod 864 for firmly fixing the supporting rod 864 when being inserted into the drum hole 803, and the male screw part 866 formed at a cylindrical outer surface of a lower portion of the octagonal flange.

The magnetic separator includes the magnet fixing rod 1703 mounted at a side of the pipe, the wet type magnet 1701 having an end fixed on a side of the magnet fixing rod 1703, and the dry type magnet 1702 having an end fixed on the other side of the magnet fixing rod 1703. A method for using the water absorber 10 is as follows. When gas flows inside the pipe, the electrode 101 is charged with electricity. Then, the radiation plate 102 is irradiated and insulated by the insulator 103. When gas flowing in the water absorbing agent 104 is in contact, water contained in gas is absorbed. If the absorbed water is too much, the water absorber makes water flow downward, thereby removing water. A method for operating the rotary blade 300 of the absorber is as follows. When the motor 201 is driven, the motor shaft 202 connected to the motor 201 is rotated and mounted on the inside of the case (not shown). After that, the fixing plates 203 and 203' connected to the motor shaft 202 are rotated. When solid particles are inserted into the inlet 234 of the fixing plate 203', the blades 204 connected between the fixing plates 203 and 203 ' are rotated at the same time. The inserted solid particles such as sand and ore are discharged by the rotational force of the blades 204. A method for operating the swirl pipe 7 is as follows. When a blower and the vacuum pump are operated to convey solid and gas in the pipe and solid and gas enter inside the rectangular pipe 702, a swirl occurs due to a pressure difference between angular edge portions and the center portion of the rectangular pipe 702 and a pressure difference between the center portion and the peripheral portion of the rectangular pipe 702 generated by the wind pressure resistance films 703 and 704 formed inside the rectangular pipe 702 and passes the rectangular pipe 702.

A method for operating and using the free-cutter 8 is as follows. According to diameter and amount of particles, the octagonal dram 802 having angular surfaces and round surface formed in turn and the drum holes 803 having the female screws formed on four angular surfaces of the dram are formed. In the drum hole 803, the grinding stone 805, the blade 804 and the brush 806 form one set. Two through eight sets are inserted into the drum hole 803 of each angular surface. The drum is fixed by the bearing casing 809 having the bearing

811 and the retainer 810 at both sides of the shaft 812 passing the center of the dram 801. When the motor is connected to the cuffs ring 807 mounted on the outside of the bearing casing 809 of a side of the shaft 812 and operated, the shaft

812 and drum 801 connected to the motor 808 and the grinding stone 805, the blade 804 and the brush 806 located in the drum hole 803 are rotated together, and thereby solid particles are grinded.

A method for using the magnetic separator 17 is as follows. The magnet fixing rod 1703 is mounted in the rectangular pipe. An end of the wet type magnet 1701 and an end of the dry type magnet 1702 are fixed at both ends of the magnet fixing rod 1703. The other ends of the wet type and dry type magnets 1701 and 1702 are free to move laterally, thereby separating iron from solid particles contained in gas moving inside the pipe. Industrial Applicability

As described above, the apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles according to the present invention can automatically sort by weight while drying using wind pressure, remove fine iron and does not cause environmental pollution by collecting and treating dust. Moreover, since the apparatus is simple in structure, the apparatus can reduce abrasion, malfunction and maintenance fee. While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiments, it is not to be restricted by the embodiments but only by the appended claims. It is to be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

What Is Claimed Is:

1. An apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles, which has rectangular pipes inside, comprising: an absorber for absorbing sand, a suction distributor for conveying solid particles, an injection pan and a pressure pan at a lower portion of the apparatus, free-cutters mounted on a central portion of the apparatus for crushing, grinding and washing solid particles, magnetic separators mounted on a lower portion of the free-cutters for separating iron from solid particles, three separation pipes formed on a lower portion of the magnetic separators, a vapor swirl pipe formed on an upper side of the free-cutters for dropping solid particles, a water absorber mounted on an upper portion of the swirl pipe for absorbing water, a vapor pan mounted on an upper portion of the water absorber for evaporating water, a water discharge pipe connected to the vapor pan for discharging water, a sludge conveyer formed on a lower portion of the water discharge pipe for discharging the collected water, two swirl pipes formed at a central upper portion of the free- cutters for dropping solid particles contained in the conveyed air, a vibration screen formed on an upper portion of the swirl pipes for sorting the collected dust, a dust eliminator connected to the vibration screen with the rectangular pipe for removing dust conveyed from the vibration screen, a lower conveyer formed on a lower portion of the dust eliminator for dropping and conveying the collected dust through the dust discharge pipe, and a dehydration screen formed on a lower portion of the lower conveyer for sorting by thickness of particles.

2. An apparatus for separating, sorting, washing and drying particles, which has rectangular pipes, the apparatus comprising: an absorber disposed at a side of a lower portion of the apparatus for absorbing sand, a rotary blade mounted on the absorber for crushing sand, a suction distributor connected with the absorber through the rectangular pipe for injecting solid particles conveyed from the absorber, an air inhaling pipe mounted at a side of the suction distributor for controlling air volume in the inside of the apparatus, an injection pan mounted at a side of the air inhaling pipe and near to an outlet of the suction distributor for conveying the injected solid particles to the upper portion, a pressure pan mounted at a side of the upper rectangular pipe of the injection pipe for pressurizing solid particles and conveying upwardly, a vapor swirl pipe having a first swirl pipe mounted on an upper portion of the pressure pan and two wind pressure resistance films mounted in the inside of the rectangular surface and on the upper portion of the first swirl pipe and passing artificial swirl and natural swirl by wind pressure, a water absorber mounted on an upper portion of the vapor swirl pipe for evaporating water separated by the pressure pan and the injection pan and inhaling and separating residual water, a water conveying pipe mounted at a side of a lower portion of the water absorber and connected with the water discharge pipe for conveying the inhaled water, a vapor pan mounted on the upper portion of the water absorber for evaporating water separated by pressure of the injection pan and the pressure pan, a water discharge pipe connected to the outlet of the vapor pan for passing the water absorber and discharging water evaporated by the vapor pan, a sludge conveyer connected to a lower portion of the water discharge pipe for conveying water, a blade connected to the vapor swirl pipe at the center of the apparatus for passing solid particles of large, middle and small, sizes, three free-cutters for washing plenty of dust by crossing a grinding stone and a brush, four rectangular pipes mounted on a lower portion of the free-cutters for lowering solid particles crushed, grinded and washed in the free-cutters, three magnetic separators for removing fine iron using the wet type magnet and the dry type magnet, an iron recovering pipe mounted on a lower portion of the magnetic separators for conveying iron inhaled on an electromagnet of the magnetic separator, three separation pipes mounted on a lower portion of the apparatus of the iron recovering pipe for naturally dropping downwardly the particles of large, middle and small sizes separated by passing the magnetic separators, two swirl pipes having wind pressure resistance films formed in the rectangular pipes formed on an upper portion of the free-cutters, a vibration screen mounted on an upper portion of the swirl pipes for sorting thicker particles gathered on the upper portion by wind pressure, a dust collector connected to the vibration screen through the rectangular pipe at the other upper side of the apparatus for separating dust and iron conveyed from the vibration screen, a dust discharge pipe connected to the dust collector through the rectangular pipe for conveying the collected dust, a conveyer operated by a typical motor for conveying dust discharged from the dust discharge pipe, and a dehydration screen mounted on a lower portion of the conveyer for sorting dust dropping by the conveyer according to thickness of particles before purification treatment.

3. The apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the water absorber includes an electrode mounted in the inside the pipe, a radiation plate mounted on an outer portion of the electrode for irradiating heat, an insulator mounted on an outer portion of the radiation plate for insulating heat, and a water absorbing agent mounted on an outer portion of the insulator for absorbing water.

4. The apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the blade of the absorber includes a motor, a motor shaft connected to the motor, two cylindrical fixing plates connected to the motor shaft, and a plurality of blades mounted on the fixing plates.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the fixing plates form a pair and are mounted at both ends of the blade, one of the fixing plates includes a motor shaft connecting hole formed at the center, a connecting part having the motor shaft connecting hole formed at a side surface, and a blade shaft connecting hole formed in the outer surface of the connecting part, and the other of the fixing plates includes an inlet formed at the center and a blade shaft connecting hole formed in the outer side of the inlet.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the blade is formed in the

form of " — ^■-- " and has blade shaft holes formed at both ends and blade shafts connected to the blade shaft holes and having spirals at both sides.

7. The apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the swirl pipes respectively include a rectangular pipe, a first wind pressure resistance film of a zigzag type, which has an angle of 60 degrees, formed in the inside of the rectangular pipe, and a second wind pressure resistance film, which is in the form of a saw-tooth of 45° and formed at a lower portion, connected to the first wind pressure resistance film .

8. The apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the free-cutter includes an octagonal drum having flat surfaces and oval surfaces formed in turn, a plurality of drum holes formed in four flat surfaces of the drum and having a female screw respectively, cylindrical grinding stones inserted into the drum holes, the blade and the brash, a shaft formed by passing the center of the drum, two bearing casings mounted at both sides of the shaft and having the bearing and the retainer therein for fixing the shaft to easily rotate, a cuffs ring extending to the outside of the bearing casing and connected to the motor shaft, and a motor for rotating the shaft of the drum through the cuffs ring.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the blade includes a cylindrical blade part inclined at angles of about 7° to 15° at the end of the blade, a radially triangular hole extending from a lower portion to an upper portion in a side of the cylindrical blade part gently and contacting from a point of the lower portion to the center of an upper end and to right and left half points on an arc of the upper end, two boundary lines formed in such a manner that a cylindrical side of the cylindrical blade part and the radially rectangular hole are contact with each other and formed in a radial triangle by contacting at the central portion of an upper end from a point of a lower portion and right and left half points on an arc of the upper end, an octagonal flange formed at a lower portion of the supporting rod for firmly fixing the supporting rod when being inserted into the drum hole, and a male screw part formed at a cylindrical outer surface of a lower portion of the octagonal flange.

10. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the grinding stone includes a cylindrical grinding roll, a supporting rod formed on a lower portion of the cylindrical grinding roll, an octagonal flange formed on a lower portion of the supporting rod for firmly fixing the supporting rod when being inserted into the drum hole, and a male screw part formed at a cylindrical outer surface of a lower portion of the octagonal flange.

11. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the brush includes a brush hair implanted in the outside of a cylindrical body, a supporting rod for supporting the brush hair, an octagonal flange formed on a lower portion of the supporting rod for firmly fixing the supporting rod when being inserted into the drum hole, and a male screw part formed at a cylindrical outer surface of a lower portion of the octagonal flange.

12. The apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the magnetic separator includes a magnet fixing rod mounted at a side of the pipe, a wet type magnet having an end fixed on a side of the magnet fixing rod, and a dry type magnet having an end fixed on the other side of the magnet fixing rod.