CN101117612A - Edible insect oil and production method and use thereof - Google Patents
Edible insect oil and production method and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an edible insect oil, in particular to the insect which mainly takes the edible insect such as a cicada, a shrimp, a grasshopper, a silkworm and so on as the representation. The exploited products on the current market at home and abroad mainly include special animal feed and edible insect table dishes, as well as definite masses of insect material used as pet feed. The manufacturing method and the application of the edible insect oil are not reported at home and abroad. The present invention provides the edible insect oil and the manufacturing method and the application of edible insect oil, and achieves the industrialized and large-scale production. The technology is to cultivate in the industrialization way, purchase, filter, exclude sundries, expel toxin, and dip and make a solidify processing in hot water, as well as freeze, dry, crush, make the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction in the vacuum and so on working procedures, thereby getting edible insect health oil products. The present invention has the advantages that the extraction yield of edible insect oil can reach 30 percent, and the production can be used for special-functional health edible insect oil as well as functional food, leechdom and cosmetics additive.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the production method and the application (purposes) of a kind of edible insect oil, edible insect oil.Main is the insect of representative with edible insects such as cicada, tenebrio molitor, locust and silkworm chrysalises.
Two, background technology
The research direction of both at home and abroad insect resources being developed is mainly the insect of seeking low-cost breed and suitability for industrialized production at present; The functional substance that potentiality to be exploited is arranged in the research insect body.On the domestic and international market development product mainly contain special animals feed and edible insect table dishes, also have every year a certain amount of insect material outlet West Europe, Korea S and Japan to be used as feed for pet, wherein be mainly tenebrio molitor, cicada and silkworm chrysalis.Production method and application for edible insect oil all do not have report both at home and abroad.Measure according to modern scientific research, the edible insect protein content is 35.3%～71.4%, and unsaturated fatty acid content is high especially, belongs to the high-quality edible-fat; The content of vitamin-E is very abundant; And have abundant mineral element calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium etc. and trace mineral element iron, zinc, copper, manganese, chromium, selenium etc., therefore can be used as the new fats raw material of protective foods and makeup.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of edible insect oil and production method and application, be to be main raw material with the edible insect, through technology such as impurities removal, toxin expelling treatment technology and frozen dryings, extraction has the albumen lyophilized powder of various active composition and makes protein drinks and electuary, make the edible insect series foods with full powder, utilize fat extraction nutritional oil abundant in the body as special functional oil product, utilize epidermis to extract, transform chitosan, as medicine and healthcare products raw material.The realization large-scale industrialization is produced.
The edible insect technology is a novel food product engineering, be to be raw material with the edible insect, from culturing the security pre-treatment, from the worm pupa to larva and adult, from the crust to body fluid, from protein to fat, all can reach the comprehensive utilization exploitation, be applicable to multiclass edible insect new resources, its achievement can be used for multiple fields such as food, healthcare products, medicine and makeup.
Be the technical solution of the present invention that achieves the above object:
A kind of edible insect oil, it is characterized in that: based on the edible insect of black cicada, locust, tussah, silkworm, tenebrio molitor, through industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, solidification treatment, vacuum lyophilization, pulverizing, extraction, obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy, reextraction obtains transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid also obtains being canescence pulvis protein raw material after the extraction in addition;
Nutritional oil technical indicator: Oranoleptic indicator: color and luster, Luo Weiming cell 133.4mm≤Y22 R2.2, clarification, transparent, free from extraneous odour, mouthfeel is good;
Physical and chemical index: acid number (KOH)≤3.0mg/g; Moisture and volatile matter content ,≤3.0%; Peroxide value≤10m0l/Kg; Impurity≤0.05; Solvent residual amount must not detect mg/Kg; Lead≤0.5mg/Kg; Arsenic≤0.5mg/Kg;
Microbiological indicator: total plate count≤100/ml; Coliform≤6/100ml; Pathogenic bacterium must not detect; Yellow, limpid transparent, unsaturated fatty acid content is more than 55%, and the P/S value reaches 0.9, and (desirable P/S value is 1, and lard fat P/S value is 0.2) contains abundant vitamin-E.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises:
A kind of production method of edible insect oil, with black cicada, locust, tussah, silkworm, tenebrio molitor is main edible insect, through pre-treatment is industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes solidification treatment, it is characterized in that: with impurities removal, toxin expelling, edible insect after the curing is 0.01MPa～0.08MPa in vacuum tightness, freezing temp is-30 ℃～-80 ℃, freezing time is a vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h-50h, in disintegrating machine, pulverize again, material after the pulverizing is at extracting pressure 10MPa～40MPa, 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extraction time 1h～4h obtains the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy; The oil primary products are passed through reextraction, its refinery practice condition again:
Pressure: 20MPa-50MPa
Temperature: 40 ℃-80 ℃
Time: 2h-8h
Equipment: supercritical extraction equipment
The production method of described a kind of edible insect oil, said black cicada, locust with annual summer and autumn in insect pest spot tissue collecting, raw material is checked and accepted the back pre-treatment through the place, rinse well with the clear water cleaning, under normal pressure, temperature is to soak 1 minute～10 minutes in 60 ℃～100 ℃ water, carry out the deactivation solidification treatment, be spilled into polypide weight then and be 2%～10% salinity and carry out salt marsh, packing by inspection, quick freezing is preserved stand-by under subzero 10 ℃～20 ℃ conditions.
The production method of described a kind of edible insect oil and application is characterized in that: said tussah, silkworm are cut cocoon and get pupa alive through behind the filature, and the direct freezing preservation of pupa of living is stand-by.
The production method of described a kind of edible insect oil, it is characterized in that said tenebrio molitor produces breed in industrialized mode, the straw fermented feed that in breed, utilizes complex microorganism (EM) in the livestock-raising achievement in research and lactobacillus-fermented technology to produce, be aided with traditional tenebrio molitor feed and be processed into different worm five kinds of granulated feeds in the length of time, at normal temperatures and pressures, through 5 days～30 days impurities removal of security, toxin expelling is fed process, reaching the variety and quality standard is: every hectogram insect population number is less than 600, breeding amount is at 100 times～380 times, in five generations, can be passed through new resource food security examination criteria with interior no degradation phenomena.
The edible insect oil of producing is as pharmacy, food, healthcare products, makeup and Chemicals Application of Additives, it is characterized in that: what obtain is new special oil resource edible insect oil, and being used for pharmacy, food, healthcare products, makeup and Chemicals additive dosage is 5%～30%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention is to be main raw material with the edible insect, adopts biotechnology to determine to develop the edible insect technology of serial nutritious food and protective foods.Demonstration and evaluation through domestic nutritionist and insect expert, careful nutritive value analysis and assessment have been carried out, think that the edible insect kind is many, quantity big, it is wide to distribute, breeding is fast, have that high protein, high-content are not reported and lipid acid, low-cholesterol, trophic structure is reasonable, fleshy fiber is few, be easy to outstanding advantages such as absorption, is better than vegetable-protein.Edible insect has had certain market as feed and table dishes, but the still untapped high added value nutritional prod that is utilized as.Edible insect is expected to become the superior being nutrition source of human new resource food, also is one of direction of 21 century international food industrial development.
2. the present invention is on the basis of secular theoretical investigation and applied research, pass through modern means of science and technology, with biochemical engineering, food engineering, pharmaceutical engineering, trophology and modern extract and separate processing technology and combine, with cicada, Chinese shrimp, edible insect such as locust and silkworm chrysalis is representative, exploitation has the new resource food of human nutrition material, the primary products of edible insect stem body have been replaced as feed, product form has taken on a new look, the kind and the added value thereof of product have been enlarged, improved the quality of product, prolong the shelf-lives of product, promoted edible insect cultural technique suitability for industrialized production, will bring good social benefit and economic benefit.
3. selected supercritical CO for use
2Abstraction technique, can reduce the destruction of active substance effectively, the percentage extraction height does not produce residual solvent, free from environmental pollution, safe in utilization, reliable in quality is fit to the extraction of active substance, high value added product among the present invention, the edible insect oil percentage extraction can reach 30%, can extract transparent, xanchromatic oily liquids, the main raw material protein after the extraction is canescence pulvis, good separation.
Specifically:
1). the percentage extraction height
2). no solvent residue
3). sex change does not take place in the contained albumen of the raw material after the extraction, can continue to extract high purity protein
4). extraction oil is best in quality, and outward appearance is limpid
5). non-environmental-pollution, safe operation process
4. the edible insect lipid content wherein contains abundant unsaturated fatty acids and liposoluble vitamin E 7.19～40.5%.With Chinese shrimp is example, and its P/S value is 0.9, can be developed as the edible health-care oil and the functional cosmetics additive agent of specific function.
5. measure the nutritional oil technical indicator through the applicant:
The Oranoleptic indicator: color and luster, Lovibond cell 133.4mm≤Y22 R2.2, clarification, transparent, free from extraneous odour, mouthfeel is good.
Physical and chemical index: acid number (KOH)≤3.0mg/g; Moisture and volatile matter content ,≤3.0%; Peroxide value≤10mol/Kg; Impurity≤0.05; Solvent residual amount must not detect mg/Kg; Lead≤0.5mg/Kg; Arsenic≤0.5mg/Kg.
Microbiological indicator: total plate count≤100/ml; Coliform≤6/100ml; Pathogenic bacterium must not detect.
6. the present invention has determined Technology through overtesting, for the industrialization of edible insect technological achievement is laid a good foundation.Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology in the technology of the present invention, freeze dried purpose are biological and chemical structure and the activity thereof for retained product.Edible insect albumen is heat-sensitive substance; color and luster variation and solubleness decline can take place after being heated; the edible insect protein formulation that adopts freeze drying technology to produce; not only kept amino acid not to be destroyed; the fundamental property that has also kept antibacterial peptide; also protected the functional performance of other active substances,, also kept proteinic color and luster and mouthfeel effectively as SOD superoxide-dismutase etc.Supercritical CO 2 abstraction technique in the technology of the present invention is the novel ultra micro extracting and separating purification techniques that develops at medicine, chemical industry, field of food over nearly more than 20 years; it has overcome dissolvent residual problem in traditional solvent-extraction process, can protect heat-sensitive substance well.In this project, the key of supercritical CO 2 abstraction technique is the definite of pressure, temperature and time, and its extraction yield can be up to 30%.The edible insect grease is the high added value nutritious prod, adopts this technology to extract grease, has fully guaranteed greasy high purity and high quality, does not contain poisonous objectionable impurities; Cold operation can not make nutritive ingredient generation polymerization and loss; Operating process is short, and the separation efficiency height is saved heat energy, compares with lixiviation process with milling process, has good advantage.
Four, embodiment
Embodiment 1: with black cicada, locust is the edible insect of example, when this raw material mainly takes place by this insect of nature, catches purchase in the spot, 7-8 month can purchase cicada pupa and locust in enormous quantities such as Shaanxi Province's Guanzhong area is annual.Raw material is collected scheme: at insect pest spot tissue purchase net, and training purchase person, each purchase spot is equipped with treatment facility and storage equipment.According to generating capacity then, determine procurement price immediately, close inspection and control purchase quality.Raw materials pretreatment process: place examination-cleaning-between 50 ℃～100 ℃ (as 50,55,60,65,70,75,80,85,90,95,100 ℃), soak in the arbitrary temp water temperature and put 1～10 minute, the enzyme solidification treatment-be spilled into polypide weight of going out is 2%, and the salinity of (～10% (in the scope content) arbitrarily carries out salt marsh, and the quick freezing preservation of packing-under subzero 10 ℃～20 ℃ (arbitrary temp scope in) conditions by inspection is stand-by.
The black cicada that freezing preservation is stand-by, the locust edible insect is 0.01～0.08MPa (any vacuum tightness in the scope) in vacuum tightness, freezing temp is-30 ℃～-80 ℃ (arbitrary temps in the scope), freezing time is a vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h-50h (scope in random time), in disintegrating machine, pulverize again, material after the pulverizing still is 40MPa (any pressure in the scope) in extracting pressure 10MPa～30,30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature (arbitrary temp in the scope), supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extraction time 1h～4h (scope in random time) obtains the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy.The oil primary products are passed through reextraction, its refinery practice condition: pressure: 20MPa-50MPa again; Temperature: 40 ℃-80 ℃; Time: 2h-8h; Equipment: supercritical extraction equipment.Obtain transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid behind the reextraction; Also obtain being canescence pulvis protein raw material in addition.
Embodiment 2: with tenebrio molitor (being also referred to as Chinese shrimp) is the edible insect of example, produce breed in industrialized mode, the seed selection in year surplus the process nearly ten has filtered out a comparatively ideal Chinese shrimp worm group, and its variety and quality standard is: every hectogram insect population number is less than 600 (common worm is organized every hectogram insect population number greater than 700), active strong, disease resistance is good, and feed adaptability is strong, and cost is low, breeding amount is at 150--380 times, and 5 generations are with interior no degradation phenomena.In industrialized aquaculture, be provided with to produce and culture and breeding plant, worm kind of the every breed of producer goods kind 3 generations replacing has guaranteed the quality product of culturing.In breed, utilize EM (complex microorganism) and lactobacillus-fermented technology in the livestock-raising achievement in research to produce straw fermented feed, be aided with traditional Chinese shrimp feed and be processed into different worm 5 kinds of granulated feeds in the length of time, feed cost is reduced more than 30%, improved the polypide resistance against diseases simultaneously.The integrated culture cost of bright worm is 2800 yuan/ton (containing artificial and feed).The Chinese shrimp worm group of screening, through industrialized aquaculture, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ (arbitrary temp in the scope) water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes (random time in the scope) solidification treatment, be 0.01MPa～0.08MPa (any pressure in the scope) in vacuum tightness again, freezing temp is-30 ℃～-80 ℃ (arbitrary temps in the scope), freezing time is a vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h～50h (scope in random time), in disintegrating machine, pulverize again, material after the pulverizing is at extracting pressure 10MPa～40MPa (any pressure in the scope), 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature (arbitrary temp in the scope), supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extraction time 1h～4h (random time in the scope), obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy, reextraction and whole technology are the same substantially, extract transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid
Implement 3: with tussah, silkworm is the edible insect of example, and peasant household and collective's sericulture are giveed training, carries out as requested being collected after the pre-treatment.Silkworm chrysalis behind the process filature contains industrial soda and pupa is smelly, directly as food-processing, influences quality product.So tussah and silkworm be as the raw material of food, should with the situation of silkworm industry productive cooperation under cut cocoon and get pupa alive.The output of tussah pupa alive is bigger, and there is the raw material more than 300 tons every year in the province that has.It is more convenient to get the direct freezing preservation of pupa alive.Tussah, silkworm are cut cocoon and get pupa alive through behind the filature, and the direct freezing preservation of pupa of living is stand-by.In like manner through screening, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes solidification treatment, be 0.01MPa～0.08MPa in vacuum tightness again, freezing temp is-30 ℃～-80 ℃, freezing time is a vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h～50h, in disintegrating machine, pulverize again, material after the pulverizing is at extracting pressure 10MPa～30MPa, 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extraction time 1h～4h, obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy, reextraction and whole technology are the same substantially, extract transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid.
Claims (6)
1. edible insect oil, it is characterized in that: based on the edible insect of black cicada, locust, tussah, silkworm, tenebrio molitor, through industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, solidification treatment, vacuum lyophilization, pulverizing, extraction, obtain the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy, reextraction obtains transparent, xanchromatic edible insect oily liquid also obtains being canescence pulvis protein raw material after the extraction in addition;
Nutritional oil technical indicator: Oranoleptic indicator: color and luster, Lovibond cell 133.4mm≤Y22 R2.2, clarification, transparent, free from extraneous odour, mouthfeel is good;
Physical and chemical index: acid number (KOH)≤3.0mg/g; Moisture and volatile matter content ,≤3.0%; Peroxide value≤10mol/Kg; Impurity≤0.05; Solvent residual amount must not detect mg/Kg; Lead≤0.5mg/Kg; Arsenic≤0.5mg/Kg;
Microbiological indicator: total plate count≤100/ml; Coliform≤6/100ml; Pathogenic bacterium must not detect; Yellow, limpid transparent, unsaturated fatty acid content is more than 55%, and the P/S value reaches 0.9, and (desirable P/S value is 1, and lard fat P/S value is 0.2) contains abundant vitamin-E.
2. the production method of an edible insect oil, with black cicada, locust, tussah, silkworm, tenebrio molitor is main edible insect, through pre-treatment is industrialized aquaculture, purchase, screening, impurities removal, toxin expelling, in 50 ℃～100 ℃ water temperatures, soak and put 1 minute～10 minutes solidification treatment, it is characterized in that: with impurities removal, toxin expelling, edible insect after the curing is 0.01MPa～0.08MPa in vacuum tightness, freezing temp is-30 ℃～-80 ℃, freezing time is a vacuum lyophilization under the condition of 2h-50h, in disintegrating machine, pulverize again, material after the pulverizing is at extracting pressure 10MPa～40MPa, 30 ℃～60 ℃ of extraction temperature, supercritical CO 2 extraction under the condition of extraction time 1h～4h obtains the edible insect oily primary products that keep healthy; The oil primary products are passed through reextraction, its refinery practice condition again:
Pressure: 20MPa-50MPa
Temperature: 40 ℃-80 ℃
Time: 2h-8h
Equipment: supercritical extraction equipment.
3. the production method of a kind of edible insect oil according to claim 2, said black cicada, locust with annual summer and autumn in insect pest spot tissue collecting, raw material is checked and accepted the back pre-treatment through the place, rinse well with the clear water cleaning, under normal pressure, temperature is to soak 1 minute～10 minutes in 60 ℃～100 ℃ water, carry out the deactivation solidification treatment, be spilled into polypide weight then and be 2%～10% salinity and carry out salt marsh, pack by inspection, quick freezing is preserved stand-by under subzero 10 ℃～20 ℃ conditions.
4. the production method of a kind of edible insect oil according to claim 2 and application is characterized in that: said tussah, silkworm are cut cocoon and get pupa alive through behind the filature, and the direct freezing preservation of pupa of living is stand-by.
5. the production method of a kind of edible insect oil according to claim 2, it is characterized in that said tenebrio molitor produces breed in industrialized mode, the straw fermented feed that in breed, utilizes complex microorganism (EM) in the livestock-raising achievement in research and lactobacillus-fermented technology to produce, be aided with traditional tenebrio molitor feed and be processed into different worm five kinds of granulated feeds in the length of time, at normal temperatures and pressures, through 5 days～30 days impurities removal of security, toxin expelling is fed process, reaching the variety and quality standard is: every hectogram insect population number is less than 600, breeding amount is at 100 times～380 times, in five generations, can be passed through new resource food security examination criteria with interior no degradation phenomena.
6. the edible insect oil of Sheng Chaning is as pharmacy, food, healthcare products, makeup and Chemicals Application of Additives, it is characterized in that: what obtain is new special oil resource edible insect oil, and being used for pharmacy, food, healthcare products, makeup and Chemicals additive dosage is 5%～30%.
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| EP3692800A1 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2020-08-12 | Bühler Insect Technology Solutions AG | Compositions obtained by converting insects or worms into nutrient streams |
| CN103478724A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-01 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Superworm powder rich in organic chromium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103478724B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2015-01-07 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Superworm powder rich in organic chromium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106360731A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-01 | 天津拓华生物科技有限责任公司 | Insect oil health-care product and preparation method thereof |
| CN107858201A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-30 | 湖北聚注通用技术研究有限公司 | A kind of mantis oil and its application in pet skin care products |
| CN108441319A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-08-24 | 佛山汇沐化学科技有限公司 | A kind of extracting method of julid oil and its application |
| CN114381329A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-22 | 吴孟昆 | Method for preparing hermetia illucens oil |
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