CN105016792B - Utilize the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and the method for microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Utilize the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and the method for microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer Download PDF

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CN105016792B
CN105016792B CN201510402918.3A CN201510402918A CN105016792B CN 105016792 B CN105016792 B CN 105016792B CN 201510402918 A CN201510402918 A CN 201510402918A CN 105016792 B CN105016792 B CN 105016792B
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kitchen garbage
organic fertilizer
flat angle
microorganism
angle stratiomyiid
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CN105016792A (en
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杨森
宋安东
陈红歌
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Henan Agricultural University
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Henan Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and the method for microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer are utilized the invention discloses a kind of, kitchen garbage is processed into slurry first, it accesses saccharomycete and deodorization bacterium and carries out anaerobic fermentation, then the bacillus megaterium cultivation and fermentation of activation will be cultivated into zymotic fluid;Slurry is placed in reactor, 3 ages flat angle stratiomyiid larva is accessed by certain inoculum concentration, spray into bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid after culture in proportion again, worm material mixture is obtained after continuing fermentation, flat angle stratiomyiid polypide and biological organic fertilizer are collected after screening, polypide drying becomes feed, and organic fertilizer is through quality testing qualification package storage.Process cycle of the present invention is short, green energy conservation, and entire processing procedure carries out in the closed state substantially, will not generate apparent air pollution;Using kitchen garbage as production organic fertilizer raw material, production cost is can obviously reduce, while manure use can reduce the application of chemical fertilizer again, improve being benefited for peasant, reduce environmental pollution.

Description

Have using the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism The method of machine fertilizer
Technical field
The present invention relates to biology and fertilizer processing technique fields, and the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and micro- life are utilized more particularly, to a kind of The method of object conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer.
Background technology
Kitchen rubbish includes the food waste, food and drink residue, food of family, school, organ, canteen and catering industry Product processing waste material and the animal and plant fat that can not be eaten again and all kinds of oil water mixtures are the important composition portions of domestic waste Point.By taking Beijing as an example, the kitchen garbage that generates daily is up to 1600 more than t;Monthly generate 1 t/, ten thousand people estimation, national l3.4 hundred million Population will monthly generate ten thousand t kitchen garbages of l3.4.These kitchen garbages are arbitrarily stacked and illegal disposition, not only waste of resource, more Environment is polluted, endangers public health and food security, runs counter to the theory that China creates conservation-minded society and sustainable development.Such as The resource what misplaces these position carries out the problem of cycleization is using urgent need to resolve in Chinese society economic development is become.
The method of bioconversion kitchen garbage, should because low energy consumption, treating capacity is big and the advantages such as environmental-friendly are widely used Kitchen garbage is mainly converted into organic fertilizer, the energy or feed by method using microorganism or lower animal, such as Chinese patent " efficiently The kitchen waste comprehensive treatment method of rate low power consuming "(Publication number CN104646390A)It is " a kind of to be given birth to using kitchen garbage with patent The method for producing efficient organic fertilizer "(Publication number CN104529575A).Fertilizer Transformed processing includes two kinds of aerobic compost and anaerobic digestion, It can be with continuous processing high-volume kitchen garbage.But due to the high grease of kitchen garbage and feature with high salt, limit the life of microorganism Object transformation efficiency.Kitchen garbage can also produce feed by biofermentation, and such as Chinese patent, " one kind is eaten by microbial fermentation The method of kitchen rubbish production animal feeding-stuff containing somatic protein "(Publication number CN103396973A), but as being re-used as raising after feed or fermentation For material using there is certain security risk, the method is still disputable at present(Lin CSK et al., 2013).
In recent years, there is the compost method using lower animal, can kitchen garbage be thoroughly more converted into egg White matter and biological organic fertilizer, and secondary pollution will not be caused, for example Chinese patent is " a kind of to be given birth to using earthworm disposition kitchen garbage The method for producing animal protein feed "(Publication number CN101305768), but this method period is longer, needs 80-85 days, and Floor space is larger, is easily influenced by natural conditions such as weathers.
The flat angle stratiomyiid of speck(Hermetia illucensL.)Rapid with breeding, biomass is big, and feeding habits are extensive, Yi Guan Reason, feeding cost are low, the features such as animal palatability is good, can not only be biologically converted into kitchen garbage rich in albumen and grease Insect biomass and organic fertilizer also have the function of deodorization and inhibit pathogen(Li Z et al., 2012;Zheng L et al., 2012a).Such as Chinese patent " a kind of technique using black soldier flies processing kitchen garbage "(Publication number CN102350433), Chinese patent " a kind of restaurant garbage treating system "(Publication number CN103639180)" a kind of scavenging insect turns with Chinese patent Change the method and device that organic waste prepares biodiesel " (publication number CN103805334A).Although above-mentioned patent uses bright The flat angle stratiomyiid of spot can be in the short period(3-7 days)Kitchen garbage is converted into biological organic fertilizer and insect protein, but is being turned There is no the effects for playing microorganism completely during change.Using the kitchen garbage biological organic fertilizer of above-mentioned technique productions, though The organic fertilizer standard of national regulation can so be reached in terms of organic matter, N P and K, but the micro organism quantity in fertilizer is special It is to have still to be apparent not enough to the functional microorganism quantity of plant growth-promoting, disease-resistant function, technical merit still has the space promoted.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of utilization flat angle stratiomyiid of speck in view of the deficiency of the prior art With the method for microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer, this method is with short production cycle, will not generate secondary Pollution, and obtained organic fertilizer organic matter and content of microorganisms is high, can improve kitchen garbage biological organic fertilizer to greatest extent Commodity value.
To achieve the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
It is of the present invention to utilize the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer Method include the following steps:
The first step, kitchen garbage pretreatment
The kitchen garbage of collection simply sort, after crushing, grease separates otherwise processed, and remaining slurry is collected Into blender, moisture is adjusted to 80 ~ 87%, saccharomycete bacterium powder is accessed according to the dosage of mass volume ratio 0.1 ~ 0.3%, according to matter Dosage access deodorization special bacterium of the amount than 0.02 ~ 0.1%, it is spare after 48 ~ 72h of anaerobic fermentation under the conditions of 25 ~ 30 DEG C;
Second step prepares fermentation of bacillus liquid
Suspension bacteria liquid is made with sterile saline in the bacillus megaterium strain for cultivating activation, is inoculated into liquid fermentation In culture medium, fermented and cultured 18 ~ for 24 hours, it is spare to obtain bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid;
Third walks, and converts kitchen garbage
The pretreated kitchen garbage of the first step is placed in reactor, according to 1000 ~ 2000 larvas/kg kitchen garbages Inoculum concentration, access 3 ages flat angle stratiomyiid larva, 25 ~ 30 DEG C cultivate 5 ~ 7 days;Then according to volume of material than 10% spray into second The bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid prepared is walked, continues air blow and agitation, keeps 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature, is fermented 1 ~ 2 day, stronger ventilation amount, Obtain worm material mixture of the moisture 30 ~ 40%;
4th step, screening
The worm material mixture that third walks is put into horizontal vibration sieve and is sieved, collects flat angle stratiomyiid polypide respectively And biological organic fertilizer, flat angle stratiomyiid polypide drying become feed, organic fertilizer is through quality testing qualification package storage.
The deodorization special bacterium is SKHZYE-RBFW-04.
The advantage of the invention is that process cycle is shorter, green energy conservation, entire processing procedure substantially in the closed state into Row, will not generate apparent air pollution.Bacillus megaterium used in processing procedure can dissolve invalid in kitchen garbage Property phosphorus, transform into the phosphorus element that plant can utilize, the polysaccharide material of secretion can make the crumb structure of soil improve, and increase soil The excellent physical properties of earth promote plant nutrient to absorb, and promote the dissolving and utilization of invalid phosphorus in soil, and then assist in soil The growth of microorganism increases the disease resistance of plant.
The present invention uses raw material of the kitchen garbage as production organic fertilizer, can obviously reduce production cost, while soil Middle manure use can reduce the application of chemical fertilizer again, improve being benefited for peasant, reduce environmental pollution.
Present invention process is simple, low production cost, environmental-friendly, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Specific embodiment
More detailed explanation is done to the present invention below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
It is of the present invention to utilize the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer Method include the following steps:
The first step, kitchen garbage pretreatment
The kitchen garbage that the water content being collected into is 80% is sorted, the inorganic matters such as removal metal, plastics are delivered to Granularity 1mm is crushed in pulverizer, grease separates otherwise processed(Biodiesel can be processed into), remaining slurry passes through pipeline It is collected into blender with slush pump, moisture is adjusted to 85%, saccharomycete bacterium powder is accessed according to the dosage of mass volume ratio 0.1% (Angel Yeast), according to the dosage access kitchen garbage processing deodorization special bacterium of mass ratio 0.02%(Su Kehan, SKHZYE- RBFW-04), it is spare after anaerobic fermentation 48h under the conditions of 25 DEG C;
Second step prepares fermentation of bacillus liquid
Bacillus megaterium is activated using beef-protein medium(No. CICC:20611)Strain, with sterile physiological salt Suspension bacteria liquid is made in water, is inoculated into liquid fermentation medium, fermentation medium composition(g/L):Starch 19.67, dregs of beans 48.85、KH2PO4 2、Na2HPO4 0.5、CaCO3 0.5、MgSO4 0.5、MnSO40.5;Condition of culture:Tank presses 0.05 Mpa, It is spare to obtain bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid by 170 r/min of speed of agitator, 30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, pH=7.0, fermentation time 18h;
Third walks, and converts kitchen garbage
The pretreated kitchen garbage of the first step is transferred in the reactor for the stirring that can divulge information using slush pump, according to The inoculum concentration of 1500 larvas/kg kitchen garbages accesses 3 ages flat angle stratiomyiid larva, and 30 DEG C are cultivated 5 days;Then according to material matter It measures the 10% of volume ratio and sprays into bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid prepared by second step, continue air blow and agitation, keep 25 DEG C of temperature, hair Ferment 2 days, stronger ventilation amount obtain worm material mixture of the moisture 35%;
4th step, screening
The worm material mixture that third walks is put into horizontal vibration sieve and is sieved, collects flat angle stratiomyiid polypide respectively And biological organic fertilizer, flat angle stratiomyiid polypide is packed after drying sells as feed;Obtained organic fertilizer is through quality testing(Wherein The nutrient component determinings such as moisture, organic matter and N P and K method with reference to specified in organic fertilizer standard NY525-2012 method into Row;Living bacteria count is measured in organic fertilizer performs according to the regulation of 5.3.2 in NY/T 798-2004;Escherichia coli in organic fertilizer The method that should refer to GB/T 19524.1-2004 is measured to perform), result is:Moisture 21.8% can be directly granulated; Organic fertilizer property is close neutral, the content of organic matter 86.1%, N P and K total nutrient content 8.3%, meets the quality of national organic fertilizer Standard.The specific testing result of embodiment 1 see the table below 1.
Table 1:Main nutrient composition and trace element in organic fertilizer;
Micro-biology experiment is as shown in table 2 in organic fertilizer, and wherein living bacteria count is in 1.9 hundred million/g, far above state's domestic discipline and family rules The 0.2 hundred million/g of minimum standard of fixed biological organic fertilizer, Escherichia coli do not detect, and will not cause secondary dirt to soil substantially Dye.
Table 2:The micro-biology experiment of organic fertilizer product
Embodiment 2
It is of the present invention to utilize the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer Method include the following steps:
The first step, kitchen garbage pretreatment
The kitchen garbage that the water content being collected into is 90% is sorted, the inorganic matters such as removal metal, plastics are sent to powder Granularity 2mm is crushed in broken machine, grease is separated into otherwise processed using oily water separating equipment(Biodiesel can be processed into), Remaining slurry is collected by pipeline and slush pump in blender, and moisture is adjusted to 87%, according to the dosage of mass volume ratio 0.3% Access saccharomycete bacterium powder(Angel Yeast), according to the dosage access kitchen garbage processing deodorization special bacterium of mass ratio 0.1%(Su Ke The Chinese, SKHZYE-RBFW-04), it is spare after anaerobic fermentation 72h under the conditions of 30 DEG C;
Second step prepares fermentation of bacillus liquid
With embodiment 1;
Third walks, and converts kitchen garbage
The pretreated kitchen garbage of the first step is transferred in the reactor for the stirring that can divulge information using slush pump, according to The inoculum concentration of 1000 larvas/kg kitchen garbages accesses 3 ages flat angle stratiomyiid larva, and 30 DEG C are cultivated 7 days;Then according to material matter It measures the 10% of volume ratio and sprays into bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid prepared by second step, continue air blow and agitation, keep 30 DEG C of temperature, hair Ferment 2 days, stronger ventilation amount obtain worm material mixture of the moisture 31%;
4th step, screening
With embodiment 1.
Obtained organic fertilizer is through quality testing, result:Moisture 25.3% can be directly granulated;Organic fertilizer Matter is close neutral, the content of organic matter 88.2%, N P and K total nutrient content 7.7%, meets the quality standard of national organic fertilizer.Implement The specific testing result of example 2 see the table below 3.
Table 3:Kitchen garbage biological organic fertilizer main nutrient composition
Micro-biology experiment is as shown in table 4 in organic fertilizer product, and wherein living bacteria count is in 1.6 hundred million/g, far above state The 0.2 hundred million/g of minimum standard of biological organic fertilizer, Escherichia coli do not detect, soil will not be caused substantially secondary as defined in family Pollution.
Table 4:Micro-biology experiment in organic fertilizer product

Claims (2)

1. it is a kind of using the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and the method for microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism organic fertilizer, it is special Sign is:Include the following steps:
The first step, kitchen garbage pretreatment
The kitchen garbage of collection simply sort, after crushing, grease separates otherwise processed, and remaining slurry, which is collected into, to be stirred It mixes in machine, moisture is adjusted to 80 ~ 87%, saccharomycete bacterium powder is accessed according to the dosage of mass volume ratio 0.1 ~ 0.3%, according to quality Dosage access deodorization special bacterium than 0.02 ~ 0.1%, it is spare after 48 ~ 72h of anaerobic fermentation under the conditions of 25 ~ 30 DEG C;
Second step prepares fermentation of bacillus liquid
Suspension bacteria liquid is made with sterile saline in the bacillus megaterium strain for cultivating activation, is inoculated into liquid fermentation and culture In base, fermented and cultured 18 ~ for 24 hours, it is spare to obtain bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid;
Third walks, and converts kitchen garbage
The pretreated kitchen garbage of the first step is placed in reactor, according to connecing for 1000 ~ 2000 larvas/kg kitchen garbages Kind amount accesses 3 ages flat angle stratiomyiid larva, and 25 ~ 30 DEG C are cultivated 5 ~ 7 days;Then according to volume of material than 10% spray into second step The bacillus megaterium zymotic fluid of preparation continues air blow and agitation, keeps 25 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature, ferments 1 ~ 2 day, stronger ventilation amount obtains Worm material mixture to moisture 30 ~ 40%;
4th step, screening
The worm material mixture that third walks is put into horizontal vibration sieve and is sieved, collects flat angle stratiomyiid polypide and life respectively Organic fertilizer, flat angle stratiomyiid polypide drying become feed, and organic fertilizer is through quality testing qualification package storage.
2. according to claim 1 have using the flat angle stratiomyiid of speck and microorganism conversion kitchen garbage production functional microorganism The method of machine fertilizer, it is characterised in that:The deodorization special bacterium is SKHZYE-RBFW-04.
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CN106810301A (en) * 2017-01-23 2017-06-09 华中农业大学 A kind of method that flat angle stratiomyiid of speck converts chicken manure with microbial association
CN109704825A (en) * 2019-03-01 2019-05-03 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 A kind of microorganism and insect Combined Treatment stalk prepare the method for compost and the compost prepared
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CN109964880B (en) * 2019-03-25 2021-10-26 宜宾和美幸福科技有限公司 Kitchen feed for breeding hermetia illucens larvae, preparation method of kitchen feed and breeding method of hermetia illucens larvae
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