CN101107409B - 地板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明描述的地板具有:踩踏表层;中心,其具有至少两层由木质材料制成的中心层;以及在至少两个相对边上设置的连接设备的元件。为以简单有效的方式使所述地板具有提高的噪音隔离性能,中心层以一层直接置于另一层之上、互相粘结的方式设置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种地板,尤其涉及一种具有踩踏表层及中心的地板。
背景技术
此类地板可以从WO03/016655中了解到。已知的地板是以这样的方式连接的:即提供冲击噪音隔层,并具有一层隔离噪音的、用例如软木或人工合成材料制成的材料,该材料在某些位置结合到地板结构中。噪音隔离层优选地设置于地板表层以下,也可以设置于两层木头或木质材料的中心层之间,尤其是MDF(中密度纤维板)或HDF(高密度纤维板)。这种位于两层中心层之间的设置方式只有当噪音隔离材料无法直接设置于表层下才采用。这种噪音隔离材料以缠绕方式在地板制造过程中设置于地板结构当中,无疑需要更多的工序。
从欧洲专利EP1264946中已知的另一种地板由一层坚固耐磨的装饰表层和一层木质材料制成的中心层组成。中心层由木质材料制成的单层板组成,木质材料可以是实木或者已知种类的木纤维材料,例如刨花板,中密度纤维板或高密度纤维板。已知的地板具有连接装置的元件,设置于至少两个相对边之间。对于这种已知的地板,中心层只由一层组成,连接装置的元件设置于中心层中。已知的地板还包含至少一层噪音隔离材料,位于中心层以外。噪音隔离层由噪音隔离材料组成,尤其是塑料组成。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高效、易于制造的噪音隔离地板。
本发明的目的通过提供一种地板而实现,所述地板具有:踩踏表层;中心,其包含至少两层由木质材料制成的中心层;和连接装置的元件,其设于至少两个相对边上,所述中心层由相同的木质材料制成,
通过相比所述中心层的木质材料更有弹性的粘结剂以一层直接置于另一层之上且互相粘结的方式设置并且所述连接装置的元件设于中心层之一上,粘结剂只填充了中间层之间相对表面不平整的区域,
这样中间层在地板中具有最大的厚度,表层的厚度范围在0-1毫米之间,中心层的厚度分别为5毫米和8毫米,
另外,所述地板还包括多个噪音隔离层,除了所述粘结剂层之外还包括补偿层和/或噪音隔离层。
显然,噪音隔离材料对高效的噪音隔离不是必须的。对将粘结剂设于各层之间的多层结构的中心层,噪音传递被有效阻断。因此良好的噪音隔离导致了简单的方式,即使在各层之间没有噪音隔离材料。
本发明的进一步的有利的改进可从从属权利要求中得到。
噪音隔离,尤其是冲击噪音隔离的进一步的改进在于连接装置元件只设置于中心层的一层上,优选的是没有表层的中心层。以这种方式,相邻地板之间的噪音传递在中心层被有效地减弱,进一步提高了噪音隔离效果。也可以将连接装置元件设于所有层上各层上。
如果仅仅将两块地板互相粘结,其中一块地板有表层,而另一块地板具有连接装置元件,此地板产品地发明便尤其简单。然而,作为更进一步的发明采用专为噪音隔离开发的材料制成的层,其中这种材料可以设于任何合适的位置,如,欧洲专利EP1264946中描述的表层以下的位置,直接作为最底部的支撑层,或位于最底部的支撑层以上。
本发明尤其适合于具有机械互锁的连接装置的地板。已知有大量的此类机械互锁的、不用胶粘的连接装置。
本发明尤其更为适合于在多于两个相对边具有连接装置元件的地板。
通过使用比中心层弹性更好的粘结剂,噪音隔离可进一步改善。
附图说明
下文用附图对本发明的一个实施例进行详细解释。
图1是本发明的截面示意图;
图2是图1中细节A部分的放大图。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明所述地板1的透视示意图,其中图示的实施例中的地板1具有传统的几何形状,意味着它是以略长的矩形板形为基础形成的,有两对相对的边,其中图中只显示了一对相对互相平行的边2a和2b,第二对边与它们成直角。
至少两个相对的边(在所述的实施例中的两条平行的长边2a和2b)具有锁闭结构3的公母元件3a和3b(仅仅示意显示)。
锁闭结构可以是常见的机械互锁形式,其在水平和垂直方向上互锁相邻的地板,使得即使不用胶,也可以连接相邻的地板,其中地板块在这个位置上彼此固定。此类连接装置在现有技术中是已知的,其包含公母元件,通过对角地连接和有限的水平运动的弯曲,和/或通过相邻地板块的公母元件在水平方向的扣合进行互锁。
例如,一种优选的锁闭结构是从WO94/26999中得知的,其公开的内容作为引用文献包含在本发明中。其中描述的锁闭结构除了公母元件之外,还包含一个锁条,其中锁条设于地板下面,沿长边或交叉边伸展。锁条的自由边另外设有互锁或扣合元件,其与沿地板的另一长边延伸的对应的槽连接,从而相邻地板可通过锁条互相连接。本发明的锁闭结构可从WO97/47834中得到。该锁闭结构包含与元件和已知的槽结合的扣合或压紧突起。
地板1包含表层4。表层4位于地板1的上表面,具有装饰、保护和增加稳定性的特性。适于表层的材料是已知的,无需仔细描述。例如,一种适合的表层由一层装饰层和一层抗磨保护层组成。
表层4通过已知的方式与中心层6连接,优选地,通过压紧地方式,可能还另加一层噪音隔离层5。中心层6由木质材料组成,例如,实木或多种种类地木纤维材料,例如,刨花板和优选的中密度纤维板或高密度纤维板。中心层6是形成地板1的整体厚度D的重要部分,并保证地板1的抗扭刚度和/或挠曲强度。因此,中心层6在地板1中具有最大的厚度d。
按照本发明,中心层6由多层水平中心层组成,所述的实施例中设有两层中心层6a和6b。如实施例所示,中心层6a和6b具有相同的厚度d1和d2,但也可以有不同的厚度。优选地,中心层6a和6b由相同的木质材料制成,但也可以由不同的木质材料组成。
如同通常的地板,整体厚度D大致是7到11毫米,厚度也可达11到15毫米。中心层6的厚度d基本等于厚度D,尤其在没有噪音保护材料情况下,表层只是一毫米的几分之一的厚度。厚度d1和d2可以是1/2D,中心层6a小于中心层6b厚度更为优选。在中心层6a的厚度d1是3到6毫米,优选的是5毫米,而中心层6b的厚度d2是6到10毫米,优选的是8毫米。
两层中心层6a和6b的设置方式是一层直接位于另一层上面,用粘结剂7互相连接。此连接适当地贯穿整个地板表面,即包括中心层6a和6b在内地整个表面,其中这些表面彼此相对。在所述地实施例中,粘结剂7显示为一层,但粘结剂也可以非常薄,以至于粘结剂只填充了中心层6a和6b相对表面不平整的区域。粘结剂7应具有弹性,应比中心层6a和6b材料的弹性更好。多种适于连接木或木质材料表面的粘结剂适于作为粘结剂7,例如,用于粘结胶合板的热熔胶,弥散胶或溶剂胶(如酪素胶),用于粘结刨花板或硬质纤维板的接触胶,传统用于粘结木制品的木工胶,或反应胶,如基于环氧树脂的多组分胶,或UF(尿素甲醛)树脂,MF(三聚氢胺甲醛)树脂,PF(苯酚甲醛)树脂或RF(间苯二酚甲醛)树脂。为了粘结的目的,粘结剂7可以涂得较厚。这样粘结剂7就可以隔离两层中心层6a和6b之间的噪音。
中心层6,尤其是第二中心层6b,可以直接作为底面,但也可以在其下设置常见的补偿层8和/或常见的噪音隔离层9。补偿层8和/或噪音隔离层9用常见的方式与中心层6连接,如通过压紧的方式。
尤其如图1所示,表面没有表层4的中心层设有元件3a和3b,如在第二中心层6b上。这样,表层和相邻地板之间的噪音传播就被有效减弱了。该元件也可以设于中心层6a和6b上,和/或在附加层,如补偿层8或类似层上。
本发明的地板1由首先制造的两块底板10a和10b组成。尤其地,第一底板10a与第一中心层6a连接,10a的形状是基本上矩形的板块,其沿着相对边的外形尺寸等于地板铺好后的外形尺寸。第一地板10a还包含表层4,也可以有常见的支撑表层4的噪音隔离层5,或更多的连接表层的层。第一底板10a的外围表面11是平的,并与表层4成直角延伸。
第二底板10b包含第二中心层6b,其形成略长的矩形板块,但由于元件3a和3b之一,其外形尺寸比第一中心层6a大。第二中心层6b的横向表面或外围表面12以通常的方式设有连接装置3上的元件3a和3b。在所述实施例中,元件3a和3b以第二中心层6b的材料制成,优选地是轧制而成。
进一步地,第二中心层6b可以与由噪音隔离材料制成的层9连接,层9通过现在的补偿层8与中心层6b连接。地板块10a和10b用噪音隔离胶7互相连接。
常规的单个板块可衍生底板10a和10b。这样,只有第二底板10b的表层被第一底板10a替换,第一地板块10a便有了可用于粘结的较低表面。
在所述和所绘制的模型中,也可以设置多于两层的中心层,通过一层或更多的粘结剂来互相连接,其中这些表面和粘合剂层都可起到冲击噪音隔离的作用。
Claims (5)
1.一种地板(1),其具有:踩踏表层(4);中心(6),其包含至少两层由木质材料制成的中心层(6a,6b);和连接装置(3)的元件(3a,3b),其设于至少两个相对边(2a,2b)上,所述中心层(6a,6b)由相同的木质材料制成,
其特征在于,通过相比所述中心层(6a,6b)的木质材料更有弹性的粘结剂(7)以一层直接置于另一层之上且互相粘结的方式设置并且所述连接装置(3)的元件(3a,3b)设于中心层(6a,6b)之一上,粘结剂(7)只填充了中间层(6a,6b)之间相对表面不平整的区域,
所述的中间层(6)在地板(1)中具有最大的厚度,表层(4)的厚度范围在0-1毫米之间,中心层(6a,6b)的厚度分别为5毫米和8毫米,
另外,所述地板(1)还包括多个噪音隔离层,除了所述粘结剂(7)层之外还包括补偿层(8)和/或噪音隔离层(9)。
2.如权利要求1所述的地板,其特征在于,连接装置(3)的元件(3a,3b)设于没有表层(4)的中心层(6b)上。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的地板,其特征在于,设有两个胶连到一起的地板块(10a,10b),其中一个地板块(10a)设有表层(4),另一个地板块(10b)设有元件(3a,3b)。
4.如权利要求1所述的地板,其特征在于,用于相邻地板(1)机械互锁的连接装置(3)通过弯曲和/或在水平方向扣合到位的方式来在垂直和水平面产生互锁。
5.如权利要求1所述的地板,其特征在于,地板(1)具有两条相对的边(2a,2b),连接装置(3)的元件(3a,3b)设于两条相对边上。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05000623.8 | 2005-01-13 | ||
EP05000623A EP1681405A1 (de) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-01-13 | Fussbodenpaneel |
PCT/EP2005/012858 WO2006074755A1 (de) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-12-01 | Fussbodenpaneel |
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CN101107409A CN101107409A (zh) | 2008-01-16 |
CN101107409B true CN101107409B (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
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CN2005800466138A Expired - Fee Related CN101107409B (zh) | 2005-01-13 | 2005-12-01 | 地板 |
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US (1) | US20090183457A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1681405A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101107409B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2594705C (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006074755A1 (zh) |
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CN103590570A (zh) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-19 | 湖州亚信工艺品有限公司 | 一种地板的改进结构 |
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SI1795668T1 (sl) * | 2005-12-07 | 2010-09-30 | Berry Finance Nv | Talni panel z ognjeodpornim slojem |
CN201190399Y (zh) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-02-04 | 万利环宇(福建)贸易有限公司 | 一种双层地板砖 |
NL1036196C2 (nl) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-17 | Frederik Johannes Van Bers | Werkwijze voor het leggen van een vloer en vloer. |
DE102009046702A1 (de) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-30 | Faist Anlagenbau GmbH, 86381 | Schallschutzelement und mindestens zwei derartige Schallschutzelemente umfassendes Schallschutzsystem |
WO2011149322A2 (es) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-12-01 | Ortega Perez Roberto | Mejoras a pisos de duela compuestos, método para su producción, y mantenimiento correctivo |
AT510089B1 (de) * | 2010-07-13 | 2012-09-15 | Tuechler Buehnen & Textiltechnik Gmbh | Bodenbelag |
PL2540490T3 (pl) * | 2011-06-28 | 2019-02-28 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Sposób wytwarzania płyt warstwowych |
FI126845B (fi) * | 2011-09-02 | 2017-06-15 | Metsäliitto Osuuskunta | Komposiittilevy, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi sekä komposiittilevy-yhdistelmä |
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EP3230535A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-10-18 | Tarkett GDL | Multilayer floor covering with sheet-type sensor |
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US11313137B2 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2022-04-26 | Cary Paik | Acoustic flooring assembly |
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2005
- 2005-01-13 EP EP05000623A patent/EP1681405A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-01 US US11/813,859 patent/US20090183457A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-01 CN CN2005800466138A patent/CN101107409B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-01 CA CA2594705A patent/CA2594705C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN103590570A (zh) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-02-19 | 湖州亚信工艺品有限公司 | 一种地板的改进结构 |
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CA2594705C (en) | 2011-05-17 |
WO2006074755A1 (de) | 2006-07-20 |
US20090183457A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
EP1681405A1 (de) | 2006-07-19 |
CA2594705A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
CN101107409A (zh) | 2008-01-16 |
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