CN101048235A - 分度阀 - Google Patents

分度阀 Download PDF

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CN101048235A
CN101048235A CNA2005800373453A CN200580037345A CN101048235A CN 101048235 A CN101048235 A CN 101048235A CN A2005800373453 A CNA2005800373453 A CN A2005800373453A CN 200580037345 A CN200580037345 A CN 200580037345A CN 101048235 A CN101048235 A CN 101048235A
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valve
valve portion
fastener
recess
valve rod
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CN100475357C (zh
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凯文·L.·亚历山大
迈克尔·C.·罗杰斯
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Illinois Tool Works Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/02—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with screw-spindle
    • F16K1/04—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with screw-spindle with a cut-off member rigid with the spindle, e.g. main valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K35/00—Means to prevent accidental or unauthorised actuation
    • F16K35/04—Means to prevent accidental or unauthorised actuation yieldingly resisting the actuation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

一种阀，用于在涂料喷涂装置中控制气体或混合气体流通过通路，包括第一阀部分和第二阀部分。第一阀部分相对于第二阀部分可调节，以可选择地调节流体通过通路。第一阀部分和第二阀部分中的一个包括第一接合件，第一阀部分和第二阀部分中的另一个包括第二接合件。第一接合件和第二接合件的接合指示第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位。

Description

分度阀
技术领域
本发明涉及喷涂装置(下文中有时称为喷枪)的控制。其公开于用于控制通向喷枪气盖的成形气流的阀的描述中。但是，可以确信在其它应用中也是有用的。
背景技术
各种类型的手动和自动喷枪是已知的。例如，图示和描述在下面列出的美国专利和公开的中请中的手动喷枪：2003/0006322；6,712,292；6,698,670；6,669,112；6,572,029；6,460,787；6,402,058；RE36,378；6,276,616；6,189,809；6,179,223；5,836,517；5,829,679；5,803,3 13；RE35,769；5,639,027；5,618,001；5,582,350；5,553,788；5,400,971；5,395,054；D349,559；5,351,887；5,332,159；5,332,156；5,330,108；5,303,865；5,299,740；5,289,974；5,284,301；5,284,299；5,236,129；5,209,405；5,209,365；5,178,330；5,119,992；5,118,080；5,180,104；D325,241；5,090,623；5,074,466；5,064,119；5,054,687；D318,712；5,022,590；4,993,645；4,934,607；4,934,603；4,927,079；4,911,367；D305,453；D305,452；D305,057；D303,139；4,844,342；4,770,117；4,760,962；4,759,502；4,747,546；4,702,420；4,613,082；4,606,501；D287,266；4,537,357；4,529,131；4,513,913；4,483,483；4,453,670；4,437,614；4,433,812；4,401,268；4,361,283；D270,368；D270,367；D270,180；D270,179；RE30,968；4,331,298；4,248,386；4,214,709；4,174,071；4,174,070；4,169,545；4,165,022；D252,097；4,133,483；4,116,364；4,114,564；4,105,164；4,081,904；4,037,561；4,030,857；4,002,777；4,001,935；3,990,609；3,964,683和3,940,061。
因此这些参考的内容在此通过引用并入。上面的列表并不是旨在说明已经进行了所有相关技术的完全检索，或没有超出所列出的相关技术的存在，或列出的技术是专利性材料。也不能推断出任何这种说明。
各种类型的喷枪包括孔或喷嘴，通过孔或喷嘴喷涂涂料流；和一个或多个邻近喷嘴的孔，通过该孔以选定的压力和流速提供气体流或混合气体流，通常是压缩空气流，以形成雾化的涂料微粒云。虽然目前可利用的喷枪通常包括调整这种气流流速的阀，但是除了通过观察由雾化的涂料微粒在被喷涂的物品上形成的模式的形状，这种阀通常不会以任何方式向操作者提供关于气流流速的反馈。这对于简化所需模式的复制有用，能够从一个工件向另一个工件复制气体流或混合气体流的流速。
发明内容
根据本发明，一种阀，用于在涂料喷涂装置中控制气体或混合气体通过通路，包括第一阀部分和第二阀部分。第一阀部分相对于第二阀部分可调节，以可选择地调节流体通过通路。第一阀部分和第二阀部分中的一个包括第一接合件，第一阀部分和第二阀部分中的另一个包括第二接合件。第一接合件和第二接合件的接合指示第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位。
示例性地，阀结合到涂料喷涂装置中，该涂料喷涂装置包括第一孔，通过第一孔喷涂涂料；和第二孔，邻近于第一孔，通过第二孔提供气体或混合气体。通路将气体或混合气体从气体或混合气体源连接到第二孔。
示例性地，第二孔包括孔，通过该孔，将气体或混合气体引导到喷涂的涂料微粒云上，以辅助形成云。
示例性地，第一阀部分包括阀杆，第二阀部分包括阀体。阀杆包括第一螺纹，阀体包括第二螺纹。第一螺纹和第二螺纹接合以使阀杆相对于阀体调节。
示例性地，阀杆包括在其外端的调整旋钮。调整旋钮构造成有助于握住调整旋钮以调节阀。
示例性地，第一接合件和第二接合件包括凹部和可收缩地推压进凹部的球。
示例性地，凹部设置在阀杆上，球设置在阀体上。
示例性地，阀杆包括大体半球形的顶部。通路包括大体圆形截面部分。大体半球形顶部和大体圆形截面部分具有基本相同的曲率半径。阀杆具有轴线，其围绕该轴线旋转以调节第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位。大体圆形截面部分具有中心。该轴线贯穿该中心。
附图说明
通过参照下面详细的描述和示出本发明的附图可以很好地理解本发明。在附图中：
图1a-b示出结合了根据本发明构造的阀的喷枪的局部剖视侧视图，但不是根据相同的比例；
图2示出图1a-b中所示的喷枪的细部端视图；
图3示出基本上沿图2的剖面线3-3剖开的图2所示的细部剖视图；
图4示出图2-3所示的细部构件的端视图；
图5示出基本上沿图4的剖面线5-5剖开的图4所示的构件的剖视图；
图6示出基本上沿图5的剖面线6-6剖开的图4-5所示的构件的剖视图；
图7示出图2-3所示的细部的组件端视图；
图8示出基本上沿图7的剖面线8-8剖开的图7所示的组件的剖视图；
图9示出基本上沿图8的剖面线9-9剖开的图7-8所示的组件的局部剖视图；
图10示出图8所示的组件的构件；和
图11示出基本上沿图10的剖面线11-11剖开的图10所示的构件的局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在参见图1a-b，喷枪18包括容纳喷嘴24的喷枪主体20。喷嘴24设置在喷枪主体20的前端，以从前端孔26喷涂液体涂料(在下文中有时为油漆)。气盖28通过扣套30连接于喷枪主体20的前端。气盖28具有中心雾化气孔32和围绕中心孔32的多个雾化气孔34。这些孔与通道36连通，通道36连接于压缩空气供应。成形气孔38设置在气角40上，气角40从气盖28的直径相对侧向前延伸。成形气孔38与成形气体供应通道42连通，成形气体供应通道42也连接于压缩空气供应。成形气孔38提供气体，该气体用于形成从喷嘴24流出、然后被来自雾化气孔32、34的气体雾化的油漆的喷涂模式。
喷枪18包括阀，阀包括阀体44，阀体44具有略带截头圆锥体状的前端46，前端46与互补构造的阀座48配合，阀座48由喷嘴24前部的内壁形成。针状电极50从阀体44向前伸出，并通过其向后延伸穿过阀体44连接于高电压源52的终端，通过电极50，当离开喷嘴24附近时，涂料微粒带电。所示的喷枪主体20、喷嘴24、气盖28和阀体44由例如适合的化学惰性的、不导电的树脂或聚合物制成，如Delrin或Acetron牌的缩醛树脂或聚醚醚酮。所示的电极50由金属制成。
成形气体控制阀60在通路62中从成形气体供应通道42向后定位，通过该通路62，成形气体被供给通道42。阀60包括具有大体半球形顶部66的阀杆64。阀杆64旋进阀杆锁定螺母或阀体68，并通过E型圈70固定在阀体68内，该E型圈70卡在设置于阀杆64上的凹槽72内。阀体68在其外表面上也具有螺纹，以便于组装的成形气体控制阀60可以被旋入设在喷枪18内的通路中，并包括直径地对置的平台73，以有助于将控制阀60旋入喷枪18中。在阀杆64和阀体68之间提供恰当的O型密封圈75，以将两者密封防止泄露，并在阀60和喷枪主体20之间提供恰当的O型密封圈75，以密封进入主体20的阀60。
半球形顶部66具有与通路62区域的半径相等的半径，当阀杆64沿阀杆64轴线轴向调整进入通路62时，顶部66伸入通路62。当阀杆64被旋入或旋出阀体68时，阀杆64围绕轴线转动，该轴线包括顶部66附近的通路62的圆形截面区域的中心。当顶部66完全伸入通路62时，这种几何结构使阀60基本完全切断了经过通路62到孔38的成形气体流。
阀体68设有一个或多个直径地对置、径向延伸的孔74，图示为两个。每个孔74在邻近阀杆64的径向内端设有座76。座76为制动球80提供相等数量的直接挡块，图示为两个。每个球被弹簧82推压在其座76上。阀杆64包括多个沿圆周等角度间隔设置的轴向延伸的凹槽或凹部84，图示为八个，当阀杆64转动时，弹簧82推压的球80卡入该凹槽或凹部84内，以使一个凹槽或凹部84在每个球的下面。阀杆64还包括在其外端的调整旋钮86。调整旋钮86具有圆齿、印花或其他纹理，以辅助操作者将调整旋钮86握在例如拇指和食指之间，以调整阀60。
通过感觉和/或听到球80扣入其相应的凹槽或凹部84内，操作者接收到制动球80扣入其相应的凹槽或凹部84内的感觉。因此，操作者可以随着阀60的定位计数“滴答声”的数量，在阀60的定位过程中，对与雾化的涂料微粒云的所要的扇形或模式相对应的一些数量的滴答声没有同时提供扇形气体。一旦感觉到该数量的滴答声，操作者就停止旋转旋钮86，然后喷涂操作就可以开始了。
压缩空气或混合气体源设置到由触动器90操作的阀92控制的通路，该通路在喷枪18内向前到达通道36，并且既可以通过阀92也可以单独地到达通路62。总之，通路62由单独的阀60控制。阀60由旋钮86的位置控制。阀60控制成形气流流入气盖28的气角40上的成形气孔38。阀杆64的外径设有凹部、凹槽或类似物84。阀体68包括弹簧82加载的球或类似物80，其可收缩地被推压入球80下面的凹部、凹槽或类似物84。因此，提供了分度的扇形气体调节阀60，其为操作者提供了阀60调节的指示。操作者可以利用该指示调节阀60，以提供所需扇形气体的流速。操作者一旦建立了所需的流速，就将阀60调节成关闭状态，通过数滴答声的数量直到阀60关闭。然后在相同的或任何随后的喷涂操作中，操作者能通过将阀60打开相同数量的滴答声来复制这种调整，在该相同的或任何随后的喷涂操作中，希望为喷涂的涂层提供相同的喷涂模式。
示例性地，阀杆64由适合的化学惰性的、不导电的树脂或聚合物制成，示例性地，Torlon4203聚酰胺-酰亚胺。示例性地，阀杆锁定螺母或阀体68和弹簧82锁定栓由铝或适合的化学惰性的、不导电的树脂或聚合物制成，例如填加了30％碳纤维的Torlon4203聚酰胺-酰亚胺。示例性地，制动球80和弹簧82是不锈钢的。

Claims (16)

1.一种阀，用于在涂料喷涂装置中控制气体或混合气体流通过通路，所述阀包括第一阀部分和第二阀部分，所述第一阀部分相对于所述第二阀部分可调节，以选择地调节流体通过通路，所述第一阀部分和所述第二阀部分中的一个包括第一接合件，所述第一阀部分和所述第二阀部分中的另一个包括第二接合件，所述第一接合件和第二接合件的接合指示所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位。
2.如权利要求1所述的阀，其中，所述第一阀部分包括阀杆，所述第二阀部分包括阀体，所述阀杆包括第一螺纹，所述阀体包括第二螺纹，所述第一螺纹和第二螺纹接合以使所述阀杆相对于所述阀体进行调节。
3.如权利要求2所述的阀，其中，所述第一接合件和所述第二接合件包括凹部和可收缩地推进所述凹部的球。
4.如权利要求3所述的阀，其中，所述凹部设置在所述阀杆上，所述球设置在所述阀体上。
5.如权利要求1所述的阀，其中，所述第一接合件和所述第二接合件包括凹部和可收缩地推进所述凹部的球。
6.如权利要求5所述的阀，其中，所述凹部设置在所述阀杆上，所述球设置在所述阀体上。
7.如权利要求1所述的阀，其中，所述第一阀部分包括阀杆，所述阀杆包括大体半球形顶部，所述通路包括大体圆形截面部分，所述大体半球形顶部和大体圆形截面部分具有基本相同的曲率半径，所述阀杆包括轴线，其围绕所述轴线旋转以调节所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位，所述大体圆形截面部分具有中心，所述轴线贯穿所述中心。
8.一种涂料喷涂装置，包括：第一孔，通过所述第一孔喷涂涂料；第二孔，邻近于所述第一孔，通过所述第二孔提供气体或混合气体；通路，用来将气体或混合气体从气体或混合气体源连通到所述第二孔；和阀，用来控制气体或混合气体流通过通路，所述阀包括第一阀部分和第二阀部分，所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分可相对调节，以选择地调节流体通过通路，所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分中的一个包括第一接合件，所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分中的另一个包括第二接合件，所述第一接合件和第二接合件的接合指示所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位。
9.如权利要求8所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述第二孔包括孔，通过所述孔，将气体或混合气体引导到喷涂的涂料微粒云上，以辅助形成云。
10.如权利要求8所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述通路包括大体圆形截面部分，所述第一阀部分包括阀杆，所述阀杆包括大体半球形顶部，所述大体半球形顶部和大体圆形截面部分具有基本相同的曲率半径，所述阀杆包括轴线，其围绕所述轴线旋转以调节所述第一阀部分和第二阀部分的相对定位，大体圆形截面部分具有中心，所述轴线贯穿所述中心。
11.如权利要求8所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述第一阀部分包括阀杆，所述第二阀部分包括阀体；所述阀杆包括第一螺纹，所述阀体包括第二螺纹；所述第一螺纹和第二螺纹接合以使所述阀杆相对于所述阀体进行调节。
12.如权利要求11所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述阀杆包括在其外端的调整旋钮，所述调整旋钮构造成有助于握住所述调整旋钮以调节所述阀。
13.如权利要求11所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述第一接合件和第二接合件包括凹部和可收缩地推进所述凹部的球。
14.如权利要求13所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述凹部设置在所述阀杆上，所述球设置在所述阀体上。
15.如权利要求8所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述第一接合件和第二接合件包括凹部和可收缩地推进所述凹部的球。
16.如权利要求15所述的涂料喷涂装置，其中，所述凹部设置在所述阀杆上，所述球设置在所述阀体上。
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CN108087565B (zh) * 2017-12-24 2019-10-11 中国航发贵州红林航空动力控制科技有限公司 一种高精度定量调整螺钉
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CN108980392A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2018-12-11 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 节流装置及空调器
CN110593536A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-20 罗洪财 一种油漆涂料喷涂装置及其使用方法

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