CN101020187A - Treating process of light saline-alkali grassland - Google Patents
Treating process of light saline-alkali grassland Download PDFInfo
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- CN101020187A CN101020187A CN 200710071928 CN200710071928A CN101020187A CN 101020187 A CN101020187 A CN 101020187A CN 200710071928 CN200710071928 CN 200710071928 CN 200710071928 A CN200710071928 A CN 200710071928A CN 101020187 A CN101020187 A CN 101020187A
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Abstract
The treating process of lightly salinized grassland includes tilling the soil in the depth of 8-10 cm, crushing weathered coal with humic acid content greater than 35 % and preparing ecological preparation of granularity of 0.1-5 mm, applying the ecological preparation in 30-50 kg/mou, seeding grass in the seed amount of 1.5-3 kg/mou and soil covering depth of 2-5 cm and pressing for 1-3 times. The present invention can improve salinized grassland completely and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and high adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement method of saline-alkali grassland.
Background technology
Alkaline land improving is a global difficult problem.Nearly 1,000,000,000 hectares of salt-soda soil, whole world area accounts for 1/4th of total cultivated area, land, spreads all over five continents.Nearly 40,000,000 hectares of China's salt-soda soil area mainly is distributed in " three Norths " and coastal region, and especially in the last few years, the trend that the salinization of soil has aggravation and enlarges had become the key factor that restricts China and the some other national economic development in the world.The origin cause of formation of meadow salinization of soil is a lot, but main unreasonable development and use based on the mankind, as overgraze, cultivation farmland, recover petroleum etc., make grass-land deterioration, salinization of soil, even desertify, the grassland bio-diversity reduces as a result, function reduction such as water resource are checked winds and fixed drifting sand, are regulated and control in reducing of the productivity, directly threaten human life, production.Lot of domestic and international government, unit, enterprise and individual are making number of research projects aspect the improvement improvement in salt-soda soil, embody a concentrated reflection of following several respects: the hydraulic engineering improvement, chemical modifying, the agricultural technology improvement, methods such as biological modification, some countries bigger as European saline-alkali grassland distribution area, amount of application and application process research to gypsum are more, the former Soviet Union extensively adopts green vitriol improvement soda saline-alkali grassland, the state, Rostov utilizes local mineral products master gypsum improvement alkaline earth meadow, and Hungary utilizes brown coal ore deposit byproduct and sugar refinery accessory substance to improve salt affected soil.The method of domestic improvement saline-alkali grassland is also based on said method, as plant grass, fill covering, plant genetically modified plants, cultivate crops, build the platform ditching, fresh water desalination, preparation improvement fertilizer etc.Though above method has obtained certain achievement, that is that all right is ripe for integrated technology, is subjected to the restriction of some conditions and cost, is difficult to the large tracts of land penetration and promotion.The salinization of soil development degree of saline-alkali grassland is the key factor that the decision revegetation is administered, China is more to the criteria for classification of meadow salinization and alkalization at present, mainly determines in several modes such as soil salt content, basicity, alkaline spot area proportion, soil pH value and surface vegetation coverage rates.According to the practicality and the operability of Western Heilongjiang Province tender soda saline-alkali soil meadow feature of pine and improvement thereof, adopt soil pH value and vegetation coverage method to carry out comprehensively determining.(seeing the following form)
| The meadow salinization and alkalization | The pH value | Surface vegetation coverage rate (%) |
| Heavy salinizedization | ＞9.5 | ＜30 |
| The moderate salinization of soil | 8.5-9.5 | 30-60 |
| Slight salinization of soil | ＜8.5 | ＞60 |
Slight saline-alkali grassland is because the pH value is lower relatively than moderate, heavy salinizedization meadow, the surface vegetation coverage rate is higher with respect to moderate, heavy salinizedization meadow, its improvement often is left in the basket easily, gradually will be transformed into moderate even heavy salinizedization meadow, bring difficulty for the improvement of saline-alkali grassland.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is often to be left in the basket easily for the improvement that solves slight saline-alkali grassland, gradually will be transformed into moderate even heavy salinizedization meadow, bring difficult problem for the improvement of saline-alkali grassland, a kind of improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland is provided.The improvement method of the slight saline-alkali grassland of the present invention follows these steps to carry out: one, determining of saline-alkali grassland degree: be not less than 60% saline-alkali grassland fetch earth chemical examination in the surface vegetation coverage rate May at the beginning of the year, soil pH value be not more than 8.5 be slight saline-alkali grassland; Two, the preparation of grass seeds: select the seed of saline alkali tolerant plant or in the locality well-grown dominant plant seed, perhaps good tame forage grass seed is generally the seed of sheep's hay, daghestan sweet clover or alfalfa; The degree of purity of seed is 90～95%, and the germination percentage of Leymus chinensis seeds is not less than 20%, and the germination percentage of daghestan sweet clover or alfalfa seed is more than 85%; Three, wholely: soil is carried out the shallow light rake that turns over, and the shallow degree of depth of turning over of soil is 8～10cm, and the tilling depth unanimity, and the soil block rake is broken; Four, using of ecological agent: get content of humic acid (percentage by weight) greater than 35% weathered coal, be ground into powder or particle, granularity is 0.1～5mm; Use by 30～50 kilograms every mu, ecological agent and soil are mixed; Five, the sowing of grass seeds: 1. Bo Zhong opportunity: be 6～July sowing time; 2. application rate: every mu of application rate is 2～3 kilograms; 3. seeding method: with 24～48 row seeders, line space is 10～20cm drilling, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 2～5cm, tamps 1-3 time after broadcasting and gets final product.The improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland of the present invention can fundamentally be administered slight saline-alkali grassland, change the physicochemical property of soil, improve the fertility of soil, thoroughly change grassland salinization of soil situation, the most outstanding characteristics are, less investment, cost is low, and raw material resources are abundant, effective strong, applicability is wide, enterprises and institutions, the individual can bear, and can smooth implementation, be easy to the large tracts of land penetration and promotion, the ecological environment of saline-alkali grassland for a change, solid foundation and strong assurance are established in the development of farming and animal husbandry, and administering to transform for saline-alkali grassland provides important techniques support and guarantee.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: the improvement method of the slight saline-alkali grassland of present embodiment follows these steps to carry out: one, determining of saline-alkali grassland degree: be not less than 60% saline-alkali grassland fetch earth chemical examination in the surface vegetation coverage rate May at the beginning of the year, soil pH value be not more than 8.5 be slight saline-alkali grassland; Two, the preparation of grass seeds: select the seed of saline alkali tolerant plant or in the locality well-grown dominant plant seed, perhaps good tame forage grass seed is generally the seed of sheep's hay, daghestan sweet clover or alfalfa; The degree of purity of seed is 90～95%, and the germination percentage of Leymus chinensis seeds is not less than 20%, and the germination percentage of daghestan sweet clover or alfalfa seed is more than 85%; Three, wholely: soil is carried out the shallow light rake that turns over, and the shallow degree of depth of turning over of soil is 8～10cm, and the tilling depth unanimity, and the soil block rake is broken; Four, using of ecological agent: get content of humic acid (percentage by weight) greater than 35% weathered coal, be ground into powder or particle, granularity is 0.1～5mm; Use by 30～50 kilograms every mu, ecological agent and soil are mixed; Five, the sowing of grass seeds: 1. Bo Zhong opportunity: be 6～July sowing time; 2. application rate: every mu of application rate is 2～3 kilograms; 3. seeding method: with 24～48 row seeders, line space is 10～20cm drilling, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 2～5cm, tamps 1-3 time after broadcasting and gets final product.
The specific embodiment two: the germination percentage of present embodiment Leymus chinensis seeds is 20%.Other method is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment daghestan sweet clover seed germination rate is 85%.Other method is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: the germination percentage of present embodiment alfalfa seed is 95%.Other method is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment five: the amount of application of every mu of slight saline-alkali grassland ecological agent of present embodiment is 30 kilograms.Other method is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment six: in the step 5 of present embodiment, the sowing of grass seeds is Leymus chinensis seeds and daghestan sweet clover seed, and ratio is 2: 1, and every mu of application rate is 3 kilograms, i.e. 2 kilograms of sheep's hay seed+1 kilogram daghestan sweet clover seeds.Other method is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment seven: in the step 5 of present embodiment, the sowing of grass seeds is the seed of alfalfa, and every mu of application rate is 2 kilograms.Other method is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The method of above embodiment is used for the improvement on song-Nen plain saline-alkaline meadow, Heilongjiang Province, and 2002, Datong District was set up 1000 mu sample plot in the Daqing, Heilongjiang Province.Slight saline-alkali land vegetation coverage rate before administering is 60%-65%, soil pH value is 8.5,2003, one-year age only, the vegetation coverage in this place reaches more than 90%, pH in soil is 8.3, by 2006, the vegetation coverage in this place reached 95%～100%, and pH in soil reaches 8, soil physico-chemical property is obviously changed, floristics increases to present 60 kinds from 31 kinds of administering originally, and Plant Diversity increases, and species richness improves, the good forage kind increases, the function of the ecosystem is stablized and is strengthened, and hare also occurred in this test block, animal such as pheasant and sparrow hawk, this can not see a few years ago improvement, just formed a good ecological circulation system thus, the ecological functions on grassland obtain unprecedented recovery, and poultry carrying capacity and forage yield increase substantially, for example, forage yield (fresh weight) is brought up to 2006 900～1000 kilograms/mu from 100～200 kilograms/mu in 2002, remarkable in economical benefits.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland, the improvement method that it is characterized in that slight saline-alkali grassland follows these steps to carry out: one, determining of saline-alkali grassland degree: be not less than 60% saline-alkali grassland fetch earth chemical examination in the surface vegetation coverage rate May at the beginning of the year, soil pH value be not more than 8.5 be slight saline-alkali grassland; Two, the preparation of grass seeds: select the seed of saline alkali tolerant plant or in the locality well-grown dominant plant seed, or good person tame forage grass seed is generally the seed of sheep's hay, daghestan sweet clover or alfalfa; The degree of purity of seed is 90～95%, and the germination percentage of Leymus chinensis seeds is not less than 20%, and the germination percentage of daghestan sweet clover or alfalfa seed is more than 85%; Three, wholely: soil is carried out the shallow light rake that turns over, and the shallow degree of depth of turning over of soil is 8～10cm, and the tilling depth unanimity, and the soil block rake is broken; Four, using of ecological agent: get content of humic acid greater than 35% weathered coal, be ground into powder or particle, granularity is 0.1～5mm; Use by 30～50 kilograms every mu, ecological agent and soil are mixed; Five, the sowing of grass seeds: 1. Bo Zhong opportunity: be 6～July sowing time; 2. application rate: every mu of application rate is 2～3 kilograms; 3. seeding method: with 24～48 row seeders, line space is 10～20cm drilling, and thickness of earth-fill cover is 2～5cm, tamps 1-3 time after broadcasting and gets final product.
2, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1, the germination percentage that it is characterized in that Leymus chinensis seeds is 20%.
3, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1 is characterized in that the daghestan sweet clover seed germination rate is 85%.
4, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1, the germination percentage that it is characterized in that alfalfa seed is 95%.
5, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1, the amount of application that it is characterized in that every mu of slight saline-alkali grassland ecological agent is 30 kilograms.
6, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 5, and the sowing of grass seeds is Leymus chinensis seeds and daghestan sweet clover seed, and ratio is 2: 1.
7, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 6 is characterized in that every mu of application rate is 3 kilograms.
8, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step 5, and the sowing of grass seeds is the seed of alfalfa.
9, the improvement method of slight saline-alkali grassland according to claim 8 is characterized in that every mu of application rate is 2 kilograms.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828441A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 石河子大学 | Method for improving saline soil by using sunflower meals |
| CN104641752A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-27 | 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 | Method for improving inland saline alkali soil by virtue of interplanting jerusalem artichoke and oat |
| CN106489499A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-15 | 吉林师范大学 | A kind of method of utilization alfalfa seed germination strategy degeneration salt-marsh vegetation |
| CN107018781A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of direct sowing and seedling method of severe Soda saline and alkaline soils sheep's hay survival rate in raising |
| CN108235838A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-07-03 | 鸿灌环境技术有限公司 | A kind of method of comprehensive improvement fertilizing salt affected soil |
| CN109201715A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-15 | 辽宁大学 | A method of ferro-boron tailings stack is repaired using green manure crop |
| CN110178655A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-30 | 河南大学 | Salinized Grassland modification method |
| CN113348982A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for constructing mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow |
-
2007
- 2007-03-23 CN CNB2007100719289A patent/CN100506409C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101828441A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 石河子大学 | Method for improving saline soil by using sunflower meals |
| CN104641752A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-05-27 | 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 | Method for improving inland saline alkali soil by virtue of interplanting jerusalem artichoke and oat |
| CN104641752B (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所 | The method in jerusalem artichoke intercropping oat improvement salt-soda soil, inland |
| CN106489499A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-15 | 吉林师范大学 | A kind of method of utilization alfalfa seed germination strategy degeneration salt-marsh vegetation |
| CN107018781A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of direct sowing and seedling method of severe Soda saline and alkaline soils sheep's hay survival rate in raising |
| CN108235838A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-07-03 | 鸿灌环境技术有限公司 | A kind of method of comprehensive improvement fertilizing salt affected soil |
| CN109201715A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-15 | 辽宁大学 | A method of ferro-boron tailings stack is repaired using green manure crop |
| CN110178655A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-30 | 河南大学 | Salinized Grassland modification method |
| CN113348982A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for constructing mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow |
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| CN100506409C (en) | 2009-07-01 |
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