CN113348982A - Method for constructing mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow - Google Patents
Method for constructing mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow Download PDFInfo
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- CN113348982A CN113348982A CN202110702198.8A CN202110702198A CN113348982A CN 113348982 A CN113348982 A CN 113348982A CN 202110702198 A CN202110702198 A CN 202110702198A CN 113348982 A CN113348982 A CN 113348982A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
Abstract
A method for additionally sowing alfalfa in a mild degraded leymus chinensis meadow to construct a mixed sowing meadow relates to a method for constructing an artificial meadow in the degraded leymus chinensis meadow. The invention aims to improve the structure of a meadow community of the leymus chinensis and improve the yield and the quality of forage grass. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, mowing a slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow in the beginning of 7 months, leaving stubbles of 3-5cm, and lightly raking; secondly, sowing the alfalfa seeds after the light harrowing operation, wherein the sowing amount is 10 kg/hectare, and slightly compacting by using a compactor after sowing; and thirdly, sowing the alfalfa in the current year, forbidding mowing the grassland, mowing the grassland for 2 times every year, selecting the mowing time at the initial flowering phase of the alfalfa, and fertilizing the grassland after mowing for the first time. The method can increase the yield of high-quality forage grass by 1.5-2 tons/hectare per hectare of grassland, the forage grass price is 1000 yuan/ton, the income can be increased by at least 1500 yuan/hectare per year, and the later economic benefit is considerable. The invention belongs to the field of deteriorated grassland restoration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for planting mixed-sowing grassland in a slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow.
Background
The Songnen plain Leymus meadow is a high-quality grass product and a stock farming production base in North China. According to the records of literature data, the meadow forage grass yield in the region in the last 60 th century can reach 3-4 tons/hectare. However, after more than half a century of grazing and mowing, the deterioration of the grassland is gradually intensified, and the forage yield of the natural grass cutting field is reduced to about 1 ton/hectare; the meadow community structure is single, the proportion of high-quality forage grass is less than 2%, the forage grass quality is seriously reduced, and the tender plain sheep meadow needs to be improved urgently.
Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) is a leguminous plant, has high crude protein content and a biological nitrogen fixation function, and is an excellent forage grass and grassland fertility improving plant. The additional sowing and mixed sowing of the alfalfa in the grassland are grassland improvement modes which are widely adopted in the international humid and semi-humid areas. The rainfall of the meadow of the tender plain leymus chinensis reaches 400mm, is close to that of a semi-moist area, has abundant underground water resources, has water conditions obviously superior to those of a typical grassland and a drought grassland, and lays a foundation for reseeding and improving the grassland of the alfalfa.
For reseeding leguminous forage grass such as alfalfa in grasslands, some technical researches have been carried out by scientific researchers, and the research finds that the success rate of the alfalfa reseeding is limited by various factors. In northern grassland areas in China, the reseeding time, the sowing operation mode and the grassland management after alfalfa establishment are 3 key factors for determining the reseeding effect. The seeding time determines the rainfall condition and the seedling growth time after seeding, and directly influences the germination rate of seeds, the seedling growth and the overwintering condition after the additional seeding of the alfalfa; the sowing operation mode influences the alfalfa seed implantation rate and seedling competition; the stability, sustainability and long-term reseeding benefits of the alfalfa population are determined by management after planting. The accurate alfalfa reseeding technology is developed according to different grassland areas and specific climatic, soil and vegetation conditions of the grassland areas, and is very important. Some limited technical research and development reports have been provided for the alfalfa replanting of grasslands in the north of China, for example, the alfalfa replanting technology of northern meadow steppes is developed by Zhang Ying and Zhoujiong, but the technology is implemented in a grassland area with a relatively high degradation degree (vegetation is relatively sparse, competition pressure of alfalfa seedlings is low), and is not suitable for the slightly degraded meadow (plant density is high, competition pressure of alfalfa seedlings is high); in addition, the technology does not relate to the design of the alfalfa reseeding time and needs to be further improved; moreover, the difference of environmental characteristics of different grassland areas determines that the management mode after the alfalfa is replanted should be adjusted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve a meadow community structure of leymus chinensis and improve the yield and quality of forage grass, and provides a method for constructing a mixed-sowing meadow by additionally sowing alfalfa in a slightly degraded meadow.
The method for constructing the mixed sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in the slightly degenerated leymus meadow comprises the following steps:
firstly, mowing a slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow in the beginning of 7 months, leaving stubbles of 3-5cm, and lightly raking;
secondly, sowing the alfalfa seeds after the light harrowing operation, wherein the sowing amount is 10 kg/hectare, and slightly compacting by using a compactor after sowing;
and thirdly, sowing the alfalfa in the current year, forbidding mowing the grassland, mowing the grassland for 2 times every year, selecting the mowing time at the initial flowering phase of the alfalfa, and fertilizing the grassland after mowing for the first time.
Step one, the slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow is a leymus chinensis meadow with slightly degraded vegetation.
And step two, the alfalfa seed variety is Aohan alfalfa.
In the third step, the grassland is fertilized with 100kg of urea and 50kg of phosphate fertilizer.
The invention has the advantages that:
through the determination of the reasonable reseeding time (early 7 months) of the alfalfa, the seedling emergence and growth after the alfalfa seeding have sufficient moisture conditions, and the survival rate of the seedling in the current year and the green returning and overwintering rate are both considered; the planting rate of alfalfa seeds is improved through the mowing and raking operation, the germination is promoted, the overground competitive pressure of seedling growth is reduced, and the seedling growth and survival are promoted. Although the light harrow operation slightly disturbs the ground surface, the soil is loosened, the tillering and propagation of the leymus chinensis are promoted, and the construction of a mixed sowing community is facilitated; the stability of the structural function of the mixed sowing community is ensured by determining a reasonable mowing and fertilizing system after the alfalfa is planted.
The method has the advantages of low cost, easy operation and popularization and later economic benefit.
The cost is low:
compared with the traditional grassland management, the method only needs to newly input 10kg of seeds per hectare, and the amount is 300 yuan; the light harrow works 300 yuan (including fuel oil); seeding labor cost is 100 yuan; 400 yuan of fertilizer; the total cost per hectare is only 1100 yuan, one year investment and a plurality of years of income.
Easy operation and popularization:
the technology of the invention has no special mechanical equipment requirement, the grassland follows the normal management procedure after the seeding is finished, and no special maintenance is needed; the planting technology is simple, easy to learn and capable of being popularized and applied in a large range;
later-stage economic benefits:
the method can increase the yield of high-quality forage grass by 1.5-2 tons/hectare per hectare of grassland, the forage grass price is 1000 yuan/ton, the income can be increased by at least 1500 yuan/hectare per year, and the later economic benefit is considerable.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: the method for constructing the mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in the slightly degenerated leymus meadow in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, mowing a slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow in the beginning of 7 months, leaving stubbles of 3-5cm, and lightly raking;
secondly, sowing the alfalfa seeds after the light harrowing operation, wherein the sowing amount is 10 kg/hectare, and slightly compacting by using a compactor after sowing;
and thirdly, sowing the alfalfa in the current year, forbidding mowing the grassland, mowing the grassland for 2 times every year, selecting the mowing time at the initial flowering phase of the alfalfa, and fertilizing the grassland after mowing for the first time.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the stubble is left at 4cm in the first step. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that the slightly degraded fescue meadow of step one is a fescue meadow with slightly degraded vegetation in the grasses. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between the present embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is that the alfalfa seed variety in the second step is Aohan alfalfa. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is that the grassland is fertilized in the third step, 100kg of urea and 50kg of phosphate fertilizer are applied. The rest is the same as one of the first to fourth embodiments.
The following experiments are adopted to verify the effect of the invention:
experiment one:
the method for constructing the mixed sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in the slightly degenerated leymus meadow comprises the following steps:
firstly, mowing a slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow in the beginning of 7 months, leaving stubbles of 3-5cm, and lightly raking;
secondly, sowing the alfalfa seeds after the light harrowing operation, wherein the sowing amount is 10 kg/hectare, and slightly compacting by using a compactor after sowing;
and thirdly, sowing the alfalfa in the current year, forbidding mowing the grassland, mowing the grassland for 2 times every year, selecting the mowing time at the initial flowering phase of the alfalfa, and fertilizing the grassland after mowing for the first time.
Step one, the slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow is a leymus chinensis meadow with slightly degraded vegetation.
And step two, the alfalfa seed variety is Aohan alfalfa.
In the third step, the grassland is fertilized with 100kg of urea and 50kg of phosphate fertilizer.
Compared with the traditional grassland management, the method only needs to newly input 10kg of seeds per hectare, and the amount is 300 yuan; the light harrow works 300 yuan (including fuel oil); seeding labor cost is 100 yuan; 400 yuan of fertilizer; the total cost per hectare is only 1100 yuan, one year investment and a plurality of years of income.
The method can increase the yield of high-quality forage grass by 1.5-2 tons/hectare per hectare of grassland, the forage grass price is 1000 yuan/ton, the income can be increased by at least 1500 yuan/hectare per year, and the later economic benefit is considerable.
Claims (5)
1. The method for constructing the mixed-sowing grassland by the secondary sowing alfalfa in the mild degraded leymus chinensis meadow is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, mowing a slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow in the beginning of 7 months, leaving stubbles of 3-5cm, and lightly raking;
secondly, sowing the alfalfa seeds after the light harrowing operation, wherein the sowing amount is 10 kg/hectare, and slightly compacting by using a compactor after sowing;
and thirdly, sowing the alfalfa in the current year, forbidding mowing the grassland, mowing the grassland for 2 times every year, selecting the mowing time at the initial flowering phase of the alfalfa, and fertilizing the grassland after mowing for the first time.
2. The method for replanting alfalfa in a mildly degenerated fescue meadow to construct a mixed-seeded meadow as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the length of the stubble is 4 cm.
3. The method for reseeding alfalfa in a mild degraded fescue meadow to construct a mixedgrassland according to claim 1, characterized in that step one said mild degraded fescue meadow is a mild degraded fescue meadow of meadow vegetation.
4. The method for constructing the mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in the mild degraded fescue meadow according to claim 1, wherein the alfalfa seed variety in the second step is Aohan alfalfa.
5. The method for replanting alfalfa in a mild degraded fescue meadow to construct a mixed-seeded meadow according to claim 1, characterized in that in step three, the meadow is fertilized with 100 kg/ha urea and 50 kg/ha phosphate fertilizer.
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| CN202110702198.8A CN113348982A (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2021-06-24 | Method for constructing mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow |
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| CN202110702198.8A CN113348982A (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2021-06-24 | Method for constructing mixed-sowing grassland by additionally sowing alfalfa in slightly degraded leymus chinensis meadow |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113966698A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for accelerating recovery of leymus chinensis vegetation in abandoned farmland by reseeding and applying hay |
| CN114503882A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-17 | 山东师范大学 | Method for efficiently inhibiting grassland brush formation |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113966698A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for accelerating recovery of leymus chinensis vegetation in abandoned farmland by reseeding and applying hay |
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| CN114503882A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-17 | 山东师范大学 | Method for efficiently inhibiting grassland brush formation |
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