CN101014741A - 纸、纸板和卡纸板的生产方法 - Google Patents
纸、纸板和卡纸板的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
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- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
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- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种生产纸、纸板和卡纸板的方法,该方法通过在造纸网上使纸浆滤水形成纸张并将纸张干燥来进行。所述纸张在没有细碎无机絮凝剂存在下形成,并将如下组分用作助留剂:(a)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为1百万的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和/或聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和(b)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为2.5百万的至少一种阳离子或非离子聚丙烯酰胺和/或阳离子或非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺。
Description
本发明涉及一种生产纸、纸板和卡纸板的方法,该方法通过在作为助留剂的至少一种聚合物存在下使纸浆在造纸网上滤水而形成纸张并将纸张干燥来进行。
US-A4,421,602公开了部分水解的N-乙烯基甲酰胺均聚物在造纸中用作助留剂、助滤剂和絮凝剂。
另外,众所周知可将固定剂用于从包含杂质的纸浆生产纸张,参见Tappi Journal,1988年8月,第131-134页。已知的固定剂例如为双氰胺和甲醛的缩合物或二甲胺和表氯醇的缩合物。EP-A438707还公开了水解度至少为60%的水解的N-乙烯基甲酰胺均聚物和/或共聚物在造纸中用作固定剂。它们还可以与阳离子助留剂组合应用。该水解的N-乙烯基甲酰胺聚合物的K值不超过150(在25℃的温度下,在聚合物浓度为0.5重量%的5%氯化钠水溶液中检测),对应的摩尔质量Mw约为900000。
其它的已知助留剂例如为聚酰胺型胺、摩尔质量Mw至少为3百万的高分子量聚氮丙啶、高分子量聚丙烯酰胺以及丙烯酰胺与丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯氯甲基化物的共聚物,其中聚酰胺型胺可通过使己二酸和二亚乙基三胺缩合、将缩合物与氮丙啶接枝并将如此获得的反应产物与聚乙二醇的双氯乙醇醚交联而得到,参见EP-A438707的实施例。
根据EP-A649941的教导,通过向纸浆中加入包含至少5mol%的N-乙烯基羧酰胺或其水解产物的水溶性共聚物而减少了杂质在造纸机中的沉积,例如在金属表面、造纸网和毛毡上的沉积。根据实施例中的数据,N-乙烯基羧酰胺的水解度为5至20mol%。
此外已知,聚合物与用作絮凝剂的细碎无机固体如膨润土、胶态硅酸或硅石的多种组合作为助留剂。因此,例如在Wochenblatt fiirPapierfabrikation第13卷,493-592(1979)中描述了组合使用阳离子聚电解质与膨润土。在该方法中,首先将膨润土计量加入纸浆中,然后加入所述阳离子聚电解质,如果合适的话,可以对纸浆施加剪切梯度。
EP-B235893公开了首先向纸浆中加入基于干燥纸浆的量超过0.03重量%的摩尔质量超过500000的合成的阳离子聚合物,形成絮凝物,然后,在随后的剪切步骤中将其粉碎成微絮凝物。其后,加入膨润土,如此得到的纸浆经滤水形成纸张。
根据EP-A335575中公开的生产纸的方法,依次向纸浆中加入两种不同的水溶性阳离子聚合物,尤其是固定剂和助留剂,并且使后者经历至少一个剪切段,然后用膨润土处理。只有在这之后才进行纸浆滤而形成纸张。
EP-A711371公开了另一生产纸的方法。在该方法中,将合成的阳离子高分子量聚合物加入到高稠度纤维素悬浮液中。絮凝的高稠度纸浆稀释后,在滤水前,加入由无机促凝剂和/或第二种低分子量且阳离子性高水溶性聚合物构成的促凝剂。
EP-A910701描述了一种生产纸和卡纸板的方法,依次向纸浆中加入基于聚氮丙啶或聚乙烯基胺的低分子量或中等分子量的阳离子聚合物,然后是诸如聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯胺或阳离子淀粉的高分子量阳离子聚合物。该纸浆经历至少一个剪切段后,通过加入膨润土使其絮凝并且使纸浆滤水。
EP-A608986公开了在造纸中将阳离子助留剂计量加入高稠度纸浆中。在US-A5,393,381、WO99/66130和WO99/63159中公开了另一生产纸和卡纸板的方法,同样使用包含阳离子聚合物和膨润土的微粒系统。所用的阳离子聚合物为水溶性的、支化的聚丙烯酰胺。
WO01/34910描述了一种生产纸的方法,其中将多糖或合成的高分子量聚合物计量加入到纸浆悬浮液中。然后,纸浆必须进行机械剪切。通过计量加入无机组分如硅酸、膨润土或粘土以及水溶性聚合物进行再絮凝。
US6,103,065公开了一种改进纸浆的留着和滤水的方法,在最终剪切后,将摩尔质量为100000至2百万并且电荷密度超过4.0meq/g的阳离子聚合物加入纸浆中,同时或在此之后加入摩尔质量至少为2百万且电荷密度低于4.0meq/g的聚合物,然后计量加入膨润土。在该方法中,不必在添加聚合物后对纸浆施加剪切。在添加聚合物和膨润土后,纸浆可滤水形成纸张,而无需其它的剪切力作用。
WO04/15200也公开了包含阳离子聚合物和细碎无机组分的微粒系统作为纸生产中的助留剂。合适的阳离子聚合物例如为阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和/或聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵,在每种情况下,所述聚合物的平均摩尔质量Mw至少为500000且电荷密度不超过4.0meq/g。
由于细碎无机絮凝剂的计量需要特殊设备,所以上述稠粒系统在技术上非常复杂。
本发明的目的是提供另一种生产纸的方法,其与现有技术相比获得了具有更短的滤水时间、改进的填料保留率和改进匀度的纸。
根据本发明,本发明目的通过一种生产纸、纸板和卡纸板的方法来实现,该方法通过在作为助留剂的至少一种聚合物存在下在造纸网上使纸浆滤水形成纸张并将纸张干燥来进行,其中在没有细碎无机絮凝剂存在下进行纸张形成并将如下组分用作助留剂:
(a)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为1百万的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和/或聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和
(b)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为2.5百万的至少一种阳离子或非离子聚丙烯酰胺和/或阳离子或非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺。
在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为1百万的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和/或聚乙烯基甲酰胺是已知的。例如,它们通过N-乙烯基甲酰胺均聚得到聚-N-乙烯基甲酰胺来制备,或者通过N-乙烯基甲酰胺与至少一种其它烯属不饱和单体共聚,随后将聚合的乙烯基甲酰胺单元水解为乙烯基胺单元来制备。优选的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物为可通过聚-N-乙烯基甲酰胺水解得到的阳离子聚合物。这些聚合物的水解度例如为0.5至100%,优选1至50%,并且通常在2至40%的范围内,尤其是2至30%。组分(a)的聚合物具有例如0至18meq/g,优选0.1至7meq/g,尤其是0.2至4meq/g的电荷密度(在pH7测定)。助留剂组分(a)中的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和聚-N-乙烯基甲酰胺优选具有的摩尔质量Mw至少为1.2百万。具有上述规格的N-乙烯基甲酰胺的均聚物和共聚物的制备在例如US6,132,558,第2栏第36行至第5栏第25行中有详细描述。将其中的陈述通过参考并入本文。
可将包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物或聚-N-乙烯基甲酰胺单独地或以与选自两类化合物的聚合物混合用作组分(a)。然而,包含乙烯基胺单元的阳离子聚合物优选作为组分(a)的化合物。
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、非离子聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺、非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺以及所述化合物的混合物适于作为助留剂系统的组分(b),条件是它们在每种情况下的摩尔质量Mw至少为3百万。在EP-A335575中描述了该类聚合物,在其现有技术中提及。另外,该类聚合物为商品。已知,它们通过在每种情况下单独聚合丙烯酰胺或甲基丙烯酰胺制备而得到均聚物,或通过在阳离子单体存在下聚合丙烯酰胺或甲基丙烯酰胺而制备。
适合的阳离子单体例如为烯属不饱和的C3至C5羧酸与氨基醇的酯和酰胺。阳离子单体的实例为丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、丙烯酸二乙基氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基丙酯、二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺、二乙基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、二乙基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺以及二乙基氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺。
阳离子单体可以游离碱形式,与诸如硫酸、盐酸或磷酸的无机酸形成的盐形式,与诸如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、苯磺酸或对甲苯磺酸的有机酸形成的盐形式和/或季铵化形式用于共聚反应中。适合的季铵化试剂例如为C1至C18烷基卤化物,诸如氯甲烷、氯乙烷、氯代正丙烷、氯代异丙烷和/或硬脂酰氯和苄基氯。
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺或阳离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺包含例如5至40mol%,优选7至30mol%的以聚合单元形式并入的至少一种阳离子单体。阳离子聚合物和非离子聚合物的摩尔质量至少为2.5百万,优选至少3百万,并且通常在5百万至1千5百万范围内。
根据本发明,例如将如下组分用作助留剂:
(a)至少一种聚合物,其包含乙烯基胺单元并可通过包含乙烯基甲酰胺单元的聚合物水解得到,其中乙烯基甲酰胺单元的水解度为0.5至100%,和
(b)(i)95至60mol%的丙烯酰胺和/或甲基丙烯酰胺与(ii)5至40mol%的至少一种阳离子单体的共聚物。
助留剂尤其包含:
作为组分(a)的水解度为1至40%,摩尔质量Mw至少为1.2百万的水解的聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和
作为组分(b)的摩尔质量Mw至少为2.5百万的93至70mol%的丙烯酰胺和7至30mol%的至少一种阳离子单体的共聚物。
阳离子聚丙烯酰胺和阳离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺优选包含以聚合单元形式并入的丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯氯甲基化物或二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺氯甲基化物作为阳离子单体。这些氯甲基化物易于通过用氯甲烷将丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯或二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺烷基化得到。
基于干燥纸浆,向纸浆中加入如下量的助留剂的组分(a)和(b):
(a)0.001至0.8重量%,优选0.01至0.5重量%,以及
(b)0.001至0.8重量%,优选0.01至0.2重量%。
虽然,组分(a)和(b)的比例可根据需要选择,但优选相对每重量份组分(a)使用0.1至1.0,优选0.25至0.4重量份组分(b)。例如可以组分(a)和(b)的混合物形式将助留剂加入到纸浆中,通常,根据本发明将助留剂计量地加入到低稠度纸浆中。然而,也可以采取这样的程序,其中,首先,例如在流浆箱之前的最后一个剪切段之后将组分(a)计量加入,然后计量加入组分(b)。然而,也可以在剪切段之前或之后将两组分分开但同时引入低稠度纸浆中。最有利的是,首先计量加入至少一种组分(a)的化合物,然后计量加入至少一种组分(b)的化合物。例如可在剪切段之前将组分(a)的化合物加入到纸浆中,且可在流浆箱之前的最后一个剪切段之后将组分(b)的化合物加入到纸浆中。然而,两种化合物也可以在流浆箱之前的最后一个剪切段之前或在流浆箱之前的最后一个剪切段之后计量加入到纸浆中。然而,组分(a)也可以在不同的点计量加入低稠度纸浆中,并且可使剪切力作用于系统和在流浆箱之前的最后一个剪切段之前或之后添加的组分上。也可以首先向纸浆中加入助留剂的组分(b),然后计量加入组分(a)。
如果使用聚乙烯基甲酰胺作为组分(a)化合物,优选使用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺作为组分(b)化合物;另一方面,如果选择包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物作为组分(a),则优选使用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺或阳离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺,但也可以将非离子聚丙烯酰胺和/或非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺用作组分(b)。
本发明还涉及如下(a)和(b)的组合在纸、纸板和卡纸板生产中作为唯一助留剂的用途:
(a)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为1百万的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和/或聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和
(b)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为2.5百万的至少一种阳离子或非离子聚丙烯酰胺和/或阳离子或非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺。
根据本发明,可生产所有品质的纸、纸板和卡纸板,例如新闻纸,所谓的中等质量书写和印刷纸,天然凹版印刷纸以及轻量涂布纸。例如可以使用磨木浆、热法机械浆(TMP)、化学热磨机械浆(CTMP)、压力磨木浆(PGW)和亚硫酸盐浆和硫酸盐浆。化学浆和机械浆以及废纸和涂布的损纸也适于作为生产纸浆的原料。为了得到纸,特别是在综合纸磨机中,以或多或少的潮湿形式直接地而无需预先增稠或干燥而进一步加工机械浆和化学浆。由于未完全将杂质从中除去,这些纤维材料仍包含严重干扰常规造纸方法的物质。如果使用该类纸浆,明智的是在固定剂存在下操作。
通过根据本发明的方法可生产无填料和含填料的纸。纸中的填料含量可至多不超过40重量%,优选在5至30重量%范围内。适合的填料为例如粘土、高岭土、天然的和沉淀的白垩、二氧化钛、滑石、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、氧化铝、缎光白或所述填料的混合物。
可以在常规量的常规加工化学品存在下进行造纸,例如机械胶(enginesize),例如尤其是烷基双烯酮分散体、松香胶、链烯基琥珀酰亚胺分散体或胶料聚合物分散体,增强剂如与表氯醇交联的聚酰胺型胺、具有平均分子量的聚乙烯基胺或淀粉,固定剂,生物杀伤剂,染料和填料。优选将常规加工助剂计量加入到低稠度纸浆中。
与已知方法生产的产品相比,通过本发明方法获得的纸具有改进的匀度、改进的填料分布、更好的不透明性和改进的可印刷性。与微粒方法相比,本发明方法的操作更简单并且与现有技术相比得到了改进的填料保留率和匀度。
在实施例中,对原料所述的百分数都是重量百分数。借助静态光散射法测定聚合物的摩尔质量Mw。
通过使纸浆样品在Schopper-Riegler测试仪中滤水来测定滤水时间,测定得到300mL滤液的时间,以秒计。
灰分保留率(ash retention)(第一遍灰分保留率(first pass ash retention))的确定如下进行:用流浆箱中的纸浆灰分浓度与白水中的灰分浓度之差除以流浆箱中的纸浆灰分浓度再乘以100。其以百分数表示。
匀度(在线匀度指数)的评估通过借助Measure IT Optical PropertiesMeasurement OP 4255(来自ABB的匀度传感器)测量待测纸张进行。测量值越低匀度越好。
在实施例中,使用以下聚合物:
PVAm 1:摩尔质量Mw为1.2百万并且电荷密度为3.0meq/g的聚乙烯基胺
PAM 1:70重量%丙烯酰胺和30重量%丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯氯甲基化物的共聚物,其摩尔质量Mw为8百万并且电荷密度为1.7meq/g。
所用的膨润土已用碳酸钠水溶液活化。
实施例
在每种情况下,将包含50%TMP、30%脱墨废纸、20%硫酸盐法纸浆,和作为填料的碳酸钙,以及在实施例1和对比例1至3中提到的添加剂的纸浆在双网造纸机上滤水,该造纸机以1500m/min的速度生产含木材的印刷纸。白水的固体含量一直为0.55%。该纸的填料含量为30%。该纸的基重为52-56g/m2。
实施例1
在最后一个剪切段之后并且在流浆箱之前,将0.03%的PVAm 1和0.01%的PAM 1加入上述纸浆中。滤水时间为31秒,灰分保留率为42%,匀度指数为5.9。
对比例1
根据EP-A235893的教导,在最后一个剪切段之前,将0.04%的PVAm1和0.015%的PAM 1计量加入到上述纸浆中,然后在流浆箱之前加入0.3%的膨润土。包含膨润土的样品的滤水时间为38秒,灰分保留率为37%,匀度指数为6.9。
对比例2
在最后一个剪切段之后并且在流浆箱之前,将0.025%的PAM 1计量加入上述纸浆中。该纸浆的滤水时间为41秒。灰分保留率为36%,匀度指数为7.4。
对比例3
在最后一个剪切段之后并且在流浆箱之前,将0.05%的PVAm 1计量加入上述纸浆中。该纸浆的滤水时间为38秒。灰分保留率为39%,匀度指数为6.4。
Claims (8)
1.一种生产纸、纸板和卡纸板的方法,该方法通过在作为助留剂的至少一种聚合物存在下在造纸网上使纸浆滤水形成纸张并将纸张干燥来进行,其中在没有细碎无机絮凝剂存在下进行纸张形成并将如下组分用作助留剂:
(a)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为1百万的包含乙烯基胺单元的聚合物和/或聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和
(b)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为2.5百万的至少一种阳离子或非离子聚丙烯酰胺和/或阳离子或非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中将如下组分用作助留剂:
(a)至少一种聚合物,其包含乙烯基胺单元并通过包含乙烯基甲酰胺单元的聚合物水解得到,其中乙烯基甲酰胺单元的水解度为0.5至100%,和
(b)(i)95至60mol%的丙烯酰胺和/或甲基丙烯酰胺与(ii)5至40mol%的至少一种阳离子单体的共聚物。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中将如下组分用作助留剂:
(a)水解度为1至50%并且摩尔质量Mw至少为1.2百万的水解的聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和
(b)93至70mol%的丙烯酰胺和7至30mol%的至少一种阳离子单体的共聚物。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述阳离子聚(甲基)丙烯酰胺包含聚合单元形式的至少一种游离碱、盐和/或季铵化形式的选自如下的阳离子单体:丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基乙酯、丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、丙烯酸二乙基氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸二乙基氨基丙酯、二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺、二乙基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、二乙基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺和二乙基氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述阳离子聚丙烯酰胺和阳离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺包含以聚合单元形式并入的丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯氯甲基化物或二甲基氨基乙基丙烯酰胺氯甲基化物作为阳离子单体。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述助留剂的组分(a)和(b)基于干燥纸浆以如下量使用:
(a)0.001至0.8重量%,优选0.01至0.5重量%,以及
(b)0.001至0.8重量%,优选0.01至0.2重量%。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中相对每重量份组分(a),所述助留剂包含0.1至1.0,优选0.25至0.4重量份的组分(b)。
8.如下组分(a)和(b)的组合在纸、纸板和卡纸板的生产中作为唯一助留剂的用途:
(a)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为1百万的包含乙烯胺单元的聚合物和/或聚乙烯基甲酰胺,和
(b)在每种情况下摩尔质量Mw至少为3百万的至少一种阳离子或非离子聚丙烯酰胺和/或阳离子或非离子聚甲基丙烯酰胺。
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DE102004044379A DE102004044379B4 (de) | 2004-09-10 | 2004-09-10 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Papier, Pappe und Karton und Verwendung einer Retentionsmittelkombination |
DE102004044379.3 | 2004-09-10 | ||
PCT/EP2005/009653 WO2006027242A1 (de) | 2004-09-10 | 2005-09-08 | Verfahren zur herstellung von papier, pappe und karton |
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CN101014741A true CN101014741A (zh) | 2007-08-08 |
CN101014741B CN101014741B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
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US (1) | US8029647B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1792010B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101014741B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2576611C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102004044379B4 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2006027242A1 (zh) |
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CN104903513A (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-09-09 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 生产纸和纸板的方法 |
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- 2005-09-08 US US11/574,677 patent/US8029647B2/en active Active
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CN103221608A (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2013-07-24 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 纤维素纸浆片的生产 |
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CN103221608B (zh) * | 2010-11-16 | 2016-02-10 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 纤维素纸浆片的生产 |
CN104903513A (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-09-09 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 生产纸和纸板的方法 |
CN104903513B (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2017-11-17 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 生产纸和纸板的方法 |
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US8029647B2 (en) | 2011-10-04 |
EP1792010A1 (de) | 2007-06-06 |
DE102004044379B4 (de) | 2008-01-10 |
WO2006027242A1 (de) | 2006-03-16 |
US20080000601A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
CN101014741B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
CA2576611A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
EP1792010B1 (de) | 2015-11-11 |
CA2576611C (en) | 2014-12-23 |
DE102004044379A1 (de) | 2006-03-30 |
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