CN101006047A - Trpv1激动剂、含有它们的制剂及其用途 - Google Patents

Trpv1激动剂、含有它们的制剂及其用途 Download PDF

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CN101006047A
CN101006047A CNA2005800256040A CN200580025604A CN101006047A CN 101006047 A CN101006047 A CN 101006047A CN A2005800256040 A CNA2005800256040 A CN A2005800256040A CN 200580025604 A CN200580025604 A CN 200580025604A CN 101006047 A CN101006047 A CN 101006047A
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P·莫拉佐尼
A·里瓦
G·丰塔纳
G·阿潘迪诺
V·迪马尔佐
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Abstract

通式(I)化合物,其中X代表两个氢原子、π键、氧或亚甲基;R2是C6-C12芳基或芳基烷基残基;R3是氢、2-羟基乙基或2-氨基乙基,其可用于治疗1型香草素受体介导的疾病。

Description

TRPV1激动剂、含有它们的制剂及其用途
本发明涉及具有1型香草素受体激动活性的蓖麻油酸衍生物。
发明背景
1型香草素受体(VR1或TRPV1)属于具有六个跨膜结构域的瞬时受体电势阳离子通道(TRPV)大家族。TRPV1是目前已知由某些天然产物活化的唯一TRPV通道,其中最为著名和研究得最多的是辣椒碱和树胶脂毒素(resiniferatoxin)(Sterner和Szallasi,Trends Pharmacol.Sci.1999,20,459-465)。迄今认为其它TRPV通道如TRPV2、TRPV3和TRPV4(也称作“VR1样(VRL)受体”)仅响应机械刺激、渗透刺激或热刺激并且原则上在哺乳动物的多种组织均匀分布,而TRPV1专门作为例如由热、质子和植物毒素所诱导的疼痛刺激的分子整合器并且主要在外周感觉C型和Aδ型纤维表达(Gunthorpe等人,Trends Pharmacol.Sci.2002,23,183-191)。
在转基因小鼠上的VR1敲出研究清楚证明TRPV1在“热”疼痛或“炎性”疼痛的部分知觉和传递中的作用(Caterina等人,Science 2000,288,306-313;Davis等人,Nature 2000,405,183-187)。其它研究提示TRPV1也参与肠的炎性病症(Yiangou等人,Lancet 2001,357,1338-1339)、神经病疼痛(Walker等人,J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.2003,304,56-62)、大便失禁和病理性咳嗽(Chung和Chang,Pulm.Pharmacol.Ther,2002,15,335-338)。显然TRPV1还在控制膀胱功能(Birder等人,Nat.Neurosci.2002,5,856-860)和控制神经元可塑性、体温、摄食、能量消耗和运动(Di Marzo等人,Eur.J.Pharmacol.2001,420,123-131)中发挥重要作用。
表达TPRV1受体的神经元可在用某些激动剂如辣椒碱活化后立即脱敏。从实践观点看,因激动剂作用所致的最初灼烧感觉由反效应克服。VR1快速脱敏也可以解释对辣椒碱和辣椒所描述的其它医疗作用,如众所周知的止吐和抗炎作用以及抗谷氨酸盐兴奋毒性的神经保护作用。辣椒碱及其类似物树胶脂毒素也用于治疗尿失禁(其中存在VR的神经末梢参与膀胱排空反射的传递),而辣椒碱的合成衍生物(最著名的是欧法利)已经作为口服镇痛药被授予专利。然而,制药工业对开发更强效的TRPV1激动剂仍然相当感兴趣。
发明内容
本发明的化合物具有如下通式(I)的结构
Figure A20058002560400041
其中
X代表两个氢原子、π-键、氧或亚甲基;
R2是C6-C12芳基或芳基烷基残基;
R3是氢、2-羟基乙基或2-氨基乙基;
R2优选地是苯基、苄基或苯乙基且R3优选地是氢。
这些化合物是强效的TPVR1激动剂并且因此可用于治疗疼痛或尿失禁或肠的炎性病症。
本发明也涉及包含有效量的式(I)化合物作为活性成分的药物组合物。
本发明的化合物还可以是外消旋或对映异构纯形式,更优选地是12R。双键的构型可以是E或Z,更优选地是Z。本发明也包括式(I)化合物的可药用盐。
本发明的化合物可以例如通过如下所报告方法合成;可以选择其它试剂和起始原料以得到其它的式(I)化合物。
根据最简单的合成方法,本发明的化合物根据示意图1自蓖麻油酸香草酰胺制备。
示意图1
Figure A20058002560400051
将根据文献所制备的蓖麻油酸香草酰胺任选地经过环丙烷化作用或环氧化作用并且将所得到的中间体用适当的酰化剂酯化。根据本领域已知的方法,适用于酯化的活化的羧酸衍生物是酰基卤,特别是酰氯,以及混合的酸酐或与碳二亚胺的加合物。随后选择性水解香草胺残基的对羟基酯以产生作为本发明目的的相应羟基衍生物。如果需要,可将酚式羟基随后与氨基乙基或羟基乙基残基进行醚化。
或者,用于本发明化合物合成的中间体也可以自蓖麻油酸三氯乙酯开始根据示意图2得到。
示意图2
Figure A20058002560400052
将根据文献所制备的蓖麻油酸三氯乙酯按照与上述方法相似的方式用活化的羧酸在12位酰化。然后将三氯乙酯选择性水解以产生12-酰基蓖麻油酸,其随后通过与香草胺缩合转换为酰胺。
相同方法可以成功地应用于反式和12-S异构体,或应用于天然蓖麻油酸的饱和类似物。
既在体外又在体内测量本发明产物的生物学活性。
通过测量在HEK-293细胞(其过量表达人TRPV1)中的胞内钙浓度研究式(I)化合物对TRPV1的体外作用;将4μM离子霉素存在时的钙浓度作为最大参考值(Hayes等人,Paln 2000,88,205-215)。将结果报告在下表1中。
表1.在DMSO和甲醇中TPVR1的pEC50值
Figure A20058002560400061
实施例2化合物的活性也在大鼠中通过诱导的尿失禁体内试验进行了评估。
将Sprague Dawley大鼠(250±10g)以水合氯醛麻醉。沿腹中线通过一个切口打开膀胱,并除去尿道和输尿管周围的脂肪组织。随后以不可吸收的外科线捆扎近端尿道以产生部分尿道阻塞。8周后,观察到膀胱功能性的改变以及膀胱内压测量模式的改变,每小时排尿的次数显著地升高。
在处理日,将实施例2的化合物、根据Appendino等人所制备的化合物和作为参考标准的树胶脂毒素溶解于乙醇并以50nM浓度滴注至膀胱。滴注持续30分钟:在此期间关闭盐水输注泵。温育后,清空膀胱的任何药物溶液,随后再次打开输注泵。
在未处理的已手术动物中观察到每小时排尿次数显著升高。相反,用本发明化合物和用树胶脂毒素处理的动物中排尿的次数与未手术动物的排尿次数相似。也观察到Appendino等人的产物的非常低的活性。
实验结果报告于下表2中。
表2
处理 每小时排尿的次数
健康大鼠(乙醇) 18±2
已手术的大鼠(乙醇) 30±2
实施例2的化合物 19±2
根据Appendino等人的化合物 25±3
树胶脂毒素 17±2
作为TPRV1受体的强效激动剂,化合物(I)可用于治疗尿失禁、用于缓解神经病疼痛和用于治疗炎性肠道病症。
本发明也涉及包含与适宜载体或稀释剂组合的化合物(I)的药物组合物。本发明的药物组合物可以通过不同施用途径施用,例如通过口服、直肠、静脉内、肌肉内、皮下、鞘内、硬膜外或脑室内途径施用。用于可注射制剂的适宜载体包括油、丙二醇或乙二醇、生理溶液、乙醇、植物油和十四酸异丙酯或常用于制备可注射溶液的其它溶剂。
为制备可注射的制剂,可以将本发明的化合物溶解、混悬或乳化于含水溶剂中,如生理溶液、5%葡萄糖,或非水溶剂中,如植物油、饱和的合成甘油酯、长链脂肪酸的酯或丙二醇。制剂也可以包含常用赋形剂,如增溶剂、等渗剂、助悬剂、乳化剂、稳定剂和防腐剂。
为了局部使用,可以将本发明的化合物配制为乳膏剂或软膏剂。
可将本发明的药物组合物用于:
-缓解由疱疹后神经痛、糖尿病性神经病、乳房切除术后综合征、交感神经反射性营养不良、三叉神经痛、口的神经病疼痛、骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、纤维肌痛、吉-巴综合征所致的疼痛;
-缓解由双侧周围神经病所致的不可治疗的疼痛;
-缓解由银屑病、血液透析、水源性搔痒、外阴前庭炎、感觉异常性背痛、肱桡肌搔痒所致的搔痒;
-治疗丛集性头痛、血管运动性鼻炎或过敏性鼻炎(作为鼻内滴剂);
-治疗膀胱过敏症或脊髓性逼尿肌反射亢进(作为膀胱内溶液)。
本发明的化合物具有强效止痛作用和潜在的抗炎活性,并且含有它们的药用制剂可用于缓解或治疗急性或慢性炎性疼痛、炎症和尿失禁。
本发明的化合物可以以可药用盐形式单独或适当地组合使用,任选地混合其它活性成分。
本发明化合物的剂量根据患者状况和体重、疾病严重性、药物形式、施用途径和持续时间而变化,并且可以通过熟练的临床医师建立。原则上,剂量范围是从0.1μg至100mg/kg,优选地从1μg至100mg/kg。制剂可作为单剂量或多剂量施用。化合物在组合物中的百分数可以占从0.0001至10%、优选地从0.0001至1%的组合物重量。
下列实施例更详细地说明了本发明。
实施例I-12,4′-二苯基乙酰基rinvanil
1.56g rinvanil(3.6mmol)的甲苯(20ml)溶液中加入2eqmol苯乙酸(1.0g,7.2mmol)、2eqmol二环己基碳二亚胺(1.45g,7.2mmol)和1eqmolDMAP(440mg,3.6mmol)。反应在室温下搅拌并通过TLC(6∶4石油醚/乙酸乙酯Rfp=0.31;Rfa=0.60)监测。3小时后将混合物过滤并将溶剂蒸发。得到的粗品可以就此用于后续步骤或通过柱色谱法回收。
1H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.39-7.17(m,10H),6.93(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.85(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.80(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),5.86(br s,1H),5.44(m,1H),5.29(m,1H),4.87(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.38(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.88(s,2H),3.74(s,3H),3.58(s,2H),2.29(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.20(t,J=7.4Hz),2.01(m,2H),1.66(m,2H),1.52(m,2H),1.29(br m),1.21(br m),0.86(brt,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
13C-NMR(75 MHz,CDCl3):175.5(s),173.9(s),149.3(s),147.6(s),134.4(s),132.1(d),130.4(s),128.3(d),128.6(d),127.1(d),124.2(d),120.8(d),114.4(d),110.8(d),74.8(d),56.0(q),43.5(t),41.8(t),36.9(t),33.5(t),31.8(t),29.5(t),29.3(t),28.18(t),27.4(t),25.8(t),25.2(t),22.6(t),14.2(q)。
CI-MS:670(M+H)+
实施例II-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil
将实施例I的12,4′-二苯基乙酰基rinvanil粗品(理论量,3.6mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷(20ml)并用5eqmol的吡咯烷(1.52ml,1.30g,18.0mmol)处理。反应在室温磁力搅拌下进行并通过TLC监测(6∶4石油醚/乙酸乙酯Rfp=0.8;Rfa=0.5)。3小时后反应通过用2N H2SO4和盐水洗涤进行后处理。将有机相干燥(Na2SO4)、过滤和蒸发并且残余物通过柱色谱法(37g硅胶,用7∶3石油醚/乙酸乙酯装填并以6∶4、4∶6洗脱,收集大约20ml的级分)纯化。得到1.6g(80%)苯基乙酰基rinvanil。该化合物在室温呈油状物,但在冷却器内固化为白色粉末。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.26(m,5H),6.85(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.74(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),5.69(br s,1H),5.65(brs,1H),5.41(m,1H),5.27(m,1H),4.85(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.86(s,3H),3.57(s,2H),2.25(m,2H),2.17(t,J=7.4Hz),1.95(m,2H),1.63(m,2 H),1.50(m,2H),1.27(br m),1.20(br m),0.85(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
13C-NMR(75 MHz,CDCl3):177.0(s),173.5(s),171.7(s),156.6(s),147.2(s),145.4(s),141.6(d),136.8(s),132.7(S),130.2(d),129.5(d),129.3(d),128.5(d),128.3(d),127.5(d),127.0(d),126.2(d),124.1(d),120.6(d),114.9(d),110.9(d),106.1(d),74.6(d),56.3(q),43.8(t),43.4(t),41.9(t),36.6(t),31.8(t),29.1(t),27.2(t),25.9(t),25.3(t),22.6(t),13.9(q)。
CI-MS:552(M+H)+
实施例III-蓖麻油酸2′,2′,2′-三氯乙酯
将3g蓖麻油酸(M.W.=298.47;10.07mmol)溶解于30ml甲苯中,加入2eqmol三氯乙醇(M.W.=149.40;20.14mmol;3.0g;d=1.55;1.9ml)、1eqmol二环己基碳二亚胺(M.W.=202;10.07mmol;2.0g)和1eqmolDMAP(M.W.=122;10.07mmol;1.23g)。得到的混合物在室温下磁力搅拌并且通过TLC(8∶2己烷/乙酸己酯Rfp=0.14;Rfa=0.53)监测反应。18小时后将混合物过滤并且将溶剂蒸发。粗品通过在硅胶上过滤进行纯化,使用9∶1石油醚/乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂,得到4.3g的产物(定量的收率)。
1H NMR(300MHz):δ5.53(m,1H),5.41(m,1H),4.73(s,2H),3.60(br t,J=6.0Hz,1H),2.44(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.20(t,J=6.3Hz,2H),2.03(m,2H),约1.68(m,2H),约1.20(br m,20H),0.87(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
实施例IV-12-苯基乙酰基蓖麻油酸2’,2’,2’-三氯乙酯
将4.3g的蓖麻油酸2′,2′,2′-三氯乙酯(10.7mmol)溶解于30ml甲苯,并加入2.5eqmol苯乙酸(3.4 g,25.2mmol)、2.5eqmol二环己基碳二亚胺(5.0g,25.2mmol)和1.5eqmol的DMAP(1.8g,15.0mmol)。混合物在室温下搅拌并且通过TLC(氧化铝,石油醚/乙酸乙酯8∶2,Rfp=0.50;Rfa=0.76)监测反应。30分钟后,将二环己脲过滤并将溶剂蒸发以得到粗品,其随后通过柱色谱法(35g氧化铝凝胶,95∶5石油醚-乙酸乙酯,级分:大约20ml)纯化。得到4.6g的产物(84%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.25(m,5H),5.41(m,1H),5.29(m,1H),4.86(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.73(s,2H),3.58(s,2H),2.45(br t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.26(m,2H),1.96(m,2H),1.68(m,2H),1.51(m,2H),约1.29(br m),约1.21(br m),0.86(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
实施例V-12-苯基乙酰基蓖麻油酸
将4.6g(8.4mmol)的12-苯基乙酰基蓖麻油酸2’,2’,2’-三氯乙酯溶解于40ml的1∶1乙酸/MeOH溶液中,然后在剧烈搅拌下加入4.6 g活化的锌粉末,并且通过TLC(石油醚/乙酸乙酯8∶2;Rfp=0.69;Rfa=0.36)监测反应。18小时后,将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用乙酸乙酯洗涤。将滤液浓缩,用水和碳酸氢钠饱和溶液洗涤,然后用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发。粗品通过柱色谱法(60g硅胶,95∶5石油醚-乙酸乙酯,级分:约20ml)纯化。得到1.85mg的产物(53%)。
1H NMR(300MHz):δ7.25(m,5H),5.41(m,1H),5.26(m,1H),4.86(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.58(s,2H),2.34(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.28(br t,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.97(m,2H),1.62(m,2H),1.51(m,2H),约1.29(br m),约1.21(br m),0.86(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
实施例VI-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil
将1.85g的12-苯基乙酰基蓖麻油酸(4.4mmol)溶解于15ml干燥二氯甲烷并加入2eqmol盐酸香草胺(835mg,4.4mmol)、4eqmol的TEA(2.45ml,1.78g,17.6mmol)和1.2eqmol多磷酸(50%EtOH溶液,3.4ml,1.68g,5.28mmol)。在室温下搅拌并通过TLC(6∶4∶Rfp=0.67;Rfa=0.37)监测反应。3小时后将溶剂蒸发并且将粗品通过柱色谱法(50g硅胶,用7∶3石油醚/乙酸乙酯洗脱,级分:约20ml)纯化。产物进一步通过经氧化铝(6∶4至4∶6石油醚/乙酸乙酯)的过滤而纯化。得到512mg的苯基乙酰基rinvanil(23%)。
实施例VII-12-苯甲酰基蓖麻油酸2′,2′,2′-三氯乙酯
将200mg的蓖麻油酸2′,2′,2′-三氯乙酯(M.W.=429.85;0.46mmol)溶解于2ml甲苯并加入1eqmol苯甲酸(M.W.=122.12;0.46mmol,56mg)、1eqmol二环己基碳二亚胺(M.W.=206.33;0.46mmol,95mg)和1eqmol的DMAP(M.W.=122.17;0.46mmol,56mg)。混合物在室温搅拌并且通过TLC(95∶5己烷/乙酸乙酯,Rfp=0.05;Rfa=0.32)监测反应。30分钟后,加入又一当量的苯甲酸、二环己基碳二亚胺和DMAP。即便反应未结束,仍在搅拌另外18小时后进行后处理:将二环己脲过滤并将滤液蒸发。粗品通过柱色谱法(5g硅胶,95∶5己烷/乙酸乙酯,收集大约5ml的级分)纯化。得到195mg的产物(79%)。
1H NMR(300MHz):δ8.03(Bz AA′),7.61(Bz C),7.52(Bz BB′),5.42(m,2H),5.14(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.73(s,2H),3.60(br t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.43(m,4H),2.02(m,2H),约1.64(m,2H),约1.20(br m,20H),0.86(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):177.0(s),173.5(s),171.7(s),156.6(s),147.2(s),145.4(s),141.6(d),136.8(s),132.7(S),130.2(d),129.5(d),129.3(d),128.5(d),128.3(d),127.5(d),127.0(d),126.2(d),124.1(d),120.6(d),114.9(d),110.9(d),106.1(d),74.6(d),56.3(q),43.8(t),43.4(t),41.9(t),36.6(t),31.8(t),29.1(t),27.2(t),25.9(t),25.3(t),22.6(t),13.9(q)。
CI-MS:552(M+H)+
实施例VIII-12-苯甲酰基蓖麻油酸
将185mg的12-苯甲酰基蓖麻油酸2′,2′,2′-三氯乙酯(M.W.=533.95;0.35mmol)溶解于2ml的1∶1乙酸/MeOH溶液中,然后在剧烈搅拌下加入200mg活化的锌粉末并且通过TLC(8∶2己烷/乙酸乙酯;Rfp=0.42;Rfa=0.17)监测反应。3小时后将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用乙酸乙酯洗涤。将有机相浓缩,用水和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,然后用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并蒸发。将残余通过柱色谱法(2.5g硅胶,95∶5石油醚/乙酸乙酯,收集大约5ml的级分)纯化。得到68mg的产物(48%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.02(Bz AA′),7.54(Bz C),7.43(Bz BB′),5.43(m,2H),5.12(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.60(br t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.42(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.34(t,J=7.4Hz),2.01(m,2H),约1.64(m,4H),约1.26(brm,20H),0.86(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
实施例IX-12-苯甲酰基rinvanil
将60mg的12-苯甲酰基蓖麻油酸(M.W.=402.57;0.15mmol)溶解于2ml干燥二氯甲烷,并加入2eqmol盐酸香草胺(M.W.=189.64;0.30mmol;56.89mg)、8eqmol的TEA(M.W.=101;1.2mmol;121mg;d=0.726;167μl)和3eqmol的多磷酸(M.W.=318.19;0.45mmol;34.2mg;50%EtOH溶液,68μl)。混合物在室温下搅拌并且通过TLC(8∶2石油醚/乙酸乙酯;Rfp=0.41;Rfa=0)监测反应。2小时后将反应溶剂蒸发,并且将粗品通过柱色谱法(2.5g硅胶,8∶2石油醚/乙酸乙酯,级分:大约5ml)纯化。得到31mg的苯甲酰基rinvanil(38%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.02(Bz AA′),7.54(Bz C),7.42(Bz BB′),6.84(dd,J=8,3Hz,1H),6.79(d,J=3Hz,1H),6.74(d,J=8Hz,1H),5.78(brs,1H),5.41(m,2H),5.11(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.33(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.85(s,3H),3.60(br t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.40(m,2H),2.16(t,J=7.4Hz),2.01(m,2H),约1.64(m,4 H),约1.26(br m,20H),0.85(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
实施例X-9,10-甲基rinvanil
在双颈圆底烧瓶内和氮气氛下,将300mg的rinvanil(M.W.=433.62;0.69mmol)溶解于29ml无水甲苯(29ml)并用15eqmol二乙基锌(己烷中1.0M;10.35mmol;10.35ml)和15eqmol二碘甲烷(M.W.=268.84;10.35mmol;2.78g;d=3.325g/ml;837μl)处理。将溶液在65℃搅拌并且当白色固体开始沉淀时变成粉红色。通过在银二氧化硅上的TLC(6∶4石油醚/乙酸乙酯;Rfp=0;Rfa=0.1)监测反应。
7小时后将混合物冷却至0℃,加入2N H2SO4并用乙酸乙酯萃取,然后将有机相用NaHCO3和盐水洗涤。干燥(Na2SO4)和蒸发后,将粗品通过柱色谱法(15ml二氧化硅,以石油醚/乙酸乙酯7∶3装填并以相同溶剂的6∶4混合物洗脱;级分:约8ml)纯化。得到119mg的产物(40%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ6.85(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.74(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),5.70(br s,1H),5.65(br s,1H),4.36(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.88(s,3H),3.76(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),2.17(t,J=7.4Hz),1.27(br m),1.20(br m),0.835(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.61(m,2H)。
CI-MS:448(M+H)+
实施例XI-9,10-亚甲基-12,4′-二苯基乙酰基rinvanil
将100mg的9,10-甲基rinvanil(M.W.=447.65;0.22mmol)溶解于2ml甲苯,并加入2eqmol苯乙酸(M.W.=136;0.44mmol;60mg)、2eqmol二环己基碳二亚胺(M.W=202;0.44mmol;89mg)和1eqmol的DMAP(M.W.=122;0.22mmol;27mg)。混合物在室温下搅拌并且通过TLC(6∶4石油醚/乙酸乙酯Rfp=0.23;Rfa=0.42)监测反应。3小时后将二环己脲滤出,并蒸发溶剂。得到的粗品可就此用于后续反应或通过色谱法(5g硅胶,8∶2石油醚/乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂)纯化。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.39-7.17(m,10H),6.93(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.85(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.80(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),5.72(br s,1H),5.64(br s,1H),4.93(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.87(s,3H),3.65(d,J=15Hz,1H),3.59(d,J=15Hz,1H),2.17(t,J=7.4Hz),1.27(br m),1.20(br m),0.84(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.57(m,2H)。
13C-NMR(75 MHz,CDCl3):175.5(s),173.9(s),149.7(s),147.1(s),134.5(s),132.2(d),130.4(s),128.2(d),128.1(d),127.5(d),124.2(d),120.8(d),114.6(d),110.3(d),75.6(d),56.0(q),43.6(t),41.9(t),33.2(t),31.8(t),30.1(t),29.5(t),39.4(t),25.9(t),25.1(t),22.6(t),14.2(q),11.0(t)。
CI-MS:684(M+H)+
实施例XII-9,10-亚甲基-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil I
将来自实施例XI的9,10-亚甲基-12,4′-二苯基乙酰基rinvanil粗品(0.22mmol,理论值)溶解于二氯甲烷(20ml)并加入5eqmol吡咯烷(M.W.=71.12;1.1mmol;78mg;d=0.86g/ml;90μL)。3小时后反应完成(使用氧化铝的TLC,洗脱剂:6∶4石油醚/乙酸乙酯;Rfp=0.8;Rfa=0.5;Rfb=0.45;以相同洗脱剂进行在二氧化硅上的TLC∶Rfp=0.42;Rfa=0.39;通过仅有的一个点证实)。有机相用2N H2SO4和盐水洗涤并且通过硫酸钠干燥。蒸发溶剂后,粗品通过柱色谱法(10ml二氧化硅,7∶3至4∶6石油醚/乙酸乙酯)纯化。得到75mg的产物(60%)。
1H NMR(300MHz):δ7.26(m,5H),6.86(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.74(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),5.70(br s,1H),5.65(br s,1H),4.95(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.33(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.86(s,3H),3.60(s,2H),2.17(t,J=7.4Hz),1.63-1.52(m,6H),1.27(br m),0.84(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.58(m,3H),-0.30(m,1H)。
实施例XIII-TPRV1结合测定
对人TRPV1的亲和性根据Ross(Ross等人,Br.J.Pharmacol.2001,132,631-640)所述的方法通过置换来自HEK细胞膜(50μg/管)的[3H]RTX(48 Ci/mmol,NEN-Dupont)测量。在这些条件下[3H]RTX的Kd和Bmax是0.5nM和1.39pmol/mg蛋白质。置换1 nM[3H]RTX的Ki使用Cheng-Prusoff方程自IC50值(用Graph Pad软件获得)计算。特异性结合以1μM RTX(Alexis Biochemicals)计算并且是48.1+5.6%。本发明化合物的值报告在表1中。
实施例XIV-4′-(2-氨基乙基)-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil(盐酸盐)
在双颈圆底烧瓶内和氮气氛下,将溶解于THF(5ml)的382mg苯基乙酰基rinvanil(M.W.=552;0.69mmol)的溶液加至THF(10ml)中的NaH(60%,57mg,1.4mmol,2摩尔当量)悬浊液内。室温搅拌10分钟后,加入过量的1,2-二溴乙烷(0.7ml)。将溶液在室温搅拌16小时,然后用饱和NH4Cl稀释并用乙醚萃取。蒸发溶剂产生油状物,其通过使用石油醚(100ml)的薄层二氧化硅床(15g)过滤以除去过量的1,2-二溴乙烷,然后使用1∶1石油醚/乙酸乙酯(100ml)洗脱产物。蒸发溶剂后,得到胶状残余物,其直接溶解于二甲基甲酰胺(10ml)并用过量的叠氮化钠(NaN3)(300mg)处理。室温搅拌16小时后,将反应用水(大约50ml)稀释并以3∶1石油醚/乙醚(2×30ml)萃取。用饱和NaCl洗涤并干燥(Na2SO4)后,蒸发有机相,并将残余物溶解于THF(20ml)中,随后加入三苯膦(917mg,3.5mmol)和水(0.62ml,3.5mmol)。室温搅拌5小时后,将反应用水稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取。在干燥(Na2SO4)和蒸发后,残余物通过在硅胶柱(10g)上的色谱法纯化,使用乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂。得到130mg的产物(总收率:40%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.29(m,5H),6.87(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.77(dd,J=7.9,2.0Hz,1H),5.61(br s,1H),5.42(m,1H),5.29(m,1H),4.83(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),4.01(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.92(s,3H),3.59(s,2H),3.02(br t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.21(m,2H),2.19(t,J=7.4Hz),1.96(m,2H),1.65(m,2H),1.52(m,2H),1.29(br m),1.24(br m),0.84(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):177.1(s),173.7(s),171.1(s),158.9(s),147.3(s),145.1(s),143.6(d),138.3(s),132.7(s),130.8(d),129.0(d),129.8(d),128.5(d),128.8(d),128.0(d),127.2(d),126.5(d),123.9(d),121.1(d),115.0(d),112.2(d),109.2(d),74.9(d),71.4(t),56.1(q),47.9(t),43.9(t),43.1(t),42.1(t),36.6(t),31.0(t),29.2(t),27.2(t),26.1(t),25.2(t),22.6(t),13.2(q)。
CI-MS:596(M+H)+
在0℃通过将产物溶解于最小量的THF并加入1当量1.0M盐酸的乙醚溶液得到盐酸盐。蒸发溶剂后,收集沉淀并在真空下干燥。
实施例XV-9,10-环氧-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil
向实施例1中所制备的12,4′-二苯基乙酰基rinvanil(300mg,0.45mmol)的无水CH2Cl2(6ml)溶液中加入2.5摩尔当量的间-氯过苯甲酸(MCPBA,242mg,80%酸,1.12mmol),并且将溶液磁力搅拌3小时,然后用Na2S2O3洗涤、干燥(Na2SO4)、过滤并蒸发。将残余物直接溶解于CH2Cl2(5ml)并加入吡咯烷(155mg,0.180ml,5摩尔当量)。在室温搅拌16小时后,混合物用2N H2SO4和饱和的NaCl洗涤,随后干燥(Na2SO4)。蒸发溶剂后,残余物通过中性氧化铝柱色谱法(3g,6∶4石油醚/乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂)纯化得到120mg产物(41%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ7.26(m,5H),6.87(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),6.82(br s,1H),6.78(br d,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.69(br s,1H),5.64(br s,1H),5.05(quint,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.37(d,J=5.8Hz,2H),3.89(s,3H),3.66(m,2H),2.90(m,1H),2.84(m,1H),2.20(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),约1.76(m),1.44(m),1.27(br m),1.20(br m),0.88(br t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。
13C-NMR(75MHz,CDCl3):173.0(s),171.4(s),146.8(s),145.2(s),134.2(s),130.4(s),129.3(d),128.6(d),128.3(d),127.3(d),127.2(d),120.9(d),114.5(d),110.8(d),73.0(d),57.0,56.4(d),56.0(t),53.6,53.0(d),43.6(t),41.8(t),36.8(t),31.7(t),29.4(t),29.2(t),27.5(t),25.8(t),25.3(t),22.6(t),14.2(q)。
CI-MS:568(M+H)+
实施例XVI-4′-(2-氨基乙基)-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil*HCl可注射溶液
4′-(2-氨基乙基)-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil*HCl可注射溶液由4′-(2-氨基乙基)-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil*HCl(1.0mg)、氯化钠(9.0mg)、苄醇(15.0mg)和用于可注射制剂的水(至1ml)组成。
在标准方法中,将氯化钠和苄醇溶解在用于可注射制剂的水中,随后加入4′-(2-氨基乙基)-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil盐酸盐。
实施例XVII-12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil可注射溶液
12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil可注射溶液由12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil(1.0mg)、没食子酸丙酯(0.5mg)、用于可注射制剂的橄榄油(至1ml)组成。
实施例XVIII-用于局部使用的乳剂
用于局部使用的乳剂,例如12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil乳剂,由12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil(1.0g)、液体石蜡(25.0g)、十八烷醇(12.0g)、十六烷醇(5.0g)、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯(0.028g)、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯(0.012g)、PEG-40硬脂酸酯(1.0g)、甘油(12.0g)、纯化水(至100g)组成。
在标准方法中,将液体石蜡、十八烷醇和十六烷醇在70-75℃搅拌下熔化,然后将12-苯基乙酰基rinvanil在得到的相中溶解,维持溶液温度70-75℃。然后在70-75℃强烈搅拌下加入事先溶解于70-75℃纯化水中的其余成分。将得到的产物在搅拌下缓慢冷却。

Claims (5)

1.通式(I)的化合物
Figure A2005800256040002C1
其中
X代表两个氢原子、π-键、氧或亚甲基;
R2是C6-C12芳基或芳基烷基残基;
R3是氢、2-羟基乙基或2-氨基乙基。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R2是苯基、苄基或苯乙基。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R3是氢。
4.权利要求1至3的化合物用于制备治疗尿失禁、缓解神经病疼痛和治疗肠的炎性病症的药物的用途。
5.组合物,其包含与适宜载体混合的一种或多种权利要求1至3的任何一项的化合物。
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