CN1007886B - 复合构件的周边树脂进料 - Google Patents

复合构件的周边树脂进料

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CN1007886B
CN1007886B CN87100813A CN87100813A CN1007886B CN 1007886 B CN1007886 B CN 1007886B CN 87100813 A CN87100813 A CN 87100813A CN 87100813 A CN87100813 A CN 87100813A CN 1007886 B CN1007886 B CN 1007886B
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resin
mentioned
fibrous material
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mould
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理查德·本扎明·弗里曼
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ThyssenKrupp Budd Co
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Budd Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/443—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/10—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/34—Feeding the material to the mould or the compression means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/546—Measures for feeding or distributing the matrix material in the reinforcing structure
    • B29C70/548—Measures for feeding or distributing the matrix material in the reinforcing structure using distribution constructions, e.g. channels incorporated in or associated with the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
    • B29C70/865—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding completely encapsulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/10—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies
    • B29C43/12—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies using bags surrounding the moulding material or using membranes contacting the moulding material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

树脂转移模塑体系包括许多用于把树脂注入增强材料中的孔，这些增强材料最好包含一种分布在上、下模块之间、用以形成结构部件的纤维。料道与纤维增强材料相毗连 其功能是作为一种储料器，使得不需过高的作用压力就能相当快和有效地注射树脂。

Description

在1985年8月22日递交的共同未决专利申请768259中（指定与本申请为同一位代理人），介绍了中空纤维增强的具有不同横截面的构件成形方法。该法包括浸渍纤维材料，同时使用可膨胀气球。本申请书利用上述共同未决申请中所公开的一些步骤。
上述申请书涉及树脂转移模塑（RTM）。在该共同未决申请中，用可膨胀的气球占据所要成型的结构的中空区域，使树脂施涂于上下模块之间的纤维材料上。
借助树脂转移模塑（RTM）成型的许多复合构件，如上述共同未决申请中说明的那样，在树脂注射时，是利用注射孔来注射树脂，并利用排气孔排出空气。虽然上述共同未决申请中描述的体系一般是满意的，但当要使大型构件成形时，它们有某些不便。
对于大型构件，例如夹层面板、汽车底盘或车蓬、甲板、防护板以及其它部件，从单一中心孔进料制作这类部件会产生某些缺点。例如树脂流动得离单一中心注料孔越远，必须浸渍的面积就越大。这就需要更高的树脂入口压力，并导致减慢填满料孔的速度。
本发明的目的是提供一种改进的树脂转移模塑体系和方法。
本发明的进一步目的是提供一种改进的树脂转移模塑体系和方法，其中使注入树脂的压力减至最低限度。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种改进的树脂转移模塑体系和方法，其中能大大增加注射树脂的速度。
按照本发明，把树脂施涂于上、下模块之间的纤维材料上，形 成结构基体。树脂在比较低的压力下，通过许多孔填入一个或多个起储料器作用的料道或槽中，这些储料器位于由纤维材料制成的增强材料附近。设置一些排气孔，以便在树脂注入纤维材料中时排出空气。
本发明的其它目的和优点是明显的，对于技术熟练的人来说，从阅读下列说明书和权利要求，并结合参看附图，就会对它们一目了然。
图1是可采用本发明制造的这类汽车侧面框架结构的部分截面的侧视图;
图2是沿图1的2-2线绘制的横截面图，包括图1中未标出的上、下模具;
图3是如图2所示，形成的部件横截面视图;
图4是可以利用本发明制成的板状构件的正视图;
图5是沿图4线5-5绘制的横截面视图;
图6是用于说明按照本发明制造的另一种形状不规则的部件横截面视图。
本发明将联系图1、4和6中说明的具体实施加以阐述。本发明的目的在于增加树脂浸渍构件的速度。此外，当采用本发明时，注射树脂所需的压力可减至最低限度，从而减少了高压“冲刷”或使增强材料位移的可能性。
参看图1说明汽车框架10。该框架包括前柱12，中心柱14和后柱16。此框架被设计成能提供门洞18和20以及窗洞22。
请参照前述1985年8月22日递交的共同未决申请768259在这份申请中，介绍了一部分汽车构件，它构成汽车门框的一部分。该门框可包括各种连接件，曲面，和具有不规则横截面的区域。从几种预先设置但未浸渍的纤维料片相继注入树脂并经过适当地模塑和固 化，制成单一整体固化的构件。此构件包括一种在该构件内延伸的空心区域。本发明包括上述共同未决专利中所说明的许多步骤。然而，在本发明中，构件10较上述共同未决申请中所介绍的构件大很多。
因为本申请涉及相当大的构件，所以，如果使用单一树脂源浸渍构件10，那就需要相当长的时间才能完成单一构件的浸渍。此外，也需要相当高的压力注射树脂。高输入压力可能压扁所用的可膨胀袋或使纤维材料位移。
再参照图1，同时参照图2和图3，一个树脂源与许多入口孔24连接，浸渍纤维材料26，制成固体构件。在树脂入口孔24和纤维材料26之间，提供许多料道和储料器28、30、32、34和36。槽或储料器与纤维材料26相邻。料道或储料器接受来自孔24的树脂。当树脂受到压力作用时，纤维材料26就被树脂所浸渍。多个空气排出孔38用于在树脂注入纤维材料中时排出空气。排气槽48设置在框架周边的周围，排气槽50设置在中心柱14处，排气槽52布置在端柱16处，从而有利于空气排至排放孔38。
在图1，为便于解释，对模块未作说明。然而，被用作接受树脂的储料器的各种料道，实际上是所使用的模具的组成部分，并且可以处在上模块中或下模块中。同样，空气排出槽也是所用模具的组成部分。
然后，参看图2和图3，从几个预先设置的纤维块，例如块54和56，发展成单一整体固化的构件。块54放在模具60的块58的内壁中，并叠放在块56的上面。块56放在模具60的下模块62的内壁上。空心区域64通过该构件延伸，如同上述共同未决专利申请一样。
在闭合模具60以前，可膨胀气球66插入块54和56之间。 气球可包含许多加工成适当形状和大小的块，与所要成型的构件的形状和尺寸相对应。
来自压力源的空气或其它适当的气体，经过导管68导入可膨胀气球66，使其膨胀，迫使它接触到纤维块54和56。
闭合模具60，树脂在压力下，被迫通过入口孔24，进入各储料器或料道，再进入纤维材料。随着树脂的注入，来自纤维材料的空气从孔38排出，以保证纤维材料中不留下空隙。
在用树脂浸渍纤维材料的步骤之后进行固化操作。因所选的树脂而异，固化可以在室温或高温下进行，后者涉及在加压下加热带有树脂的纤维材料，固化完成了构件10的制作，构件10是图1中介绍的车身侧面框架。
参看图4和5，夹层板构件70是在模具72中制成的，此模具包括上、下模块74和76。夹层板构件70包括处于核心部位的聚氨酯材料78，四周围绕若干层玻璃纤维或其它纤维材料皮层80。料道或储料器82设置于主板构件70的周边。从树脂进入孔83至储料器82至皮层80将树脂注至皮层80。
必须注意的是，树脂完全围绕板或构件边缘注射，使得能模制出完整的结构边缘以及夹心皮层。在本发明的一个具体实例中，皮层是0.035吋厚的玻璃纤维。就RTM来说，这是相当薄的，周边树脂进料使这样薄的皮层得以完全浸渍。
设置在面板中心的排气口84按中心分布。单一的排气口84相当靠近所有的树脂入口孔83。这就允许在比较低的压力下，比较快地注射树脂。排气口84完全延伸通过泡沫塑料核心，如虚线所示。
参看图6，在包括上、下模块90和92的模具88之间形成纤维构件86。树脂通过导管94注入料道或槽96，料道或槽分布在纤维块 86的周围。排气口96以中心分布，以便在树脂注至块86时排除空气。如上述具体实例所示，许多导管94用来保证在较低的压力下能迅速注射树脂。

Claims (6)

1、一种形成固体纤维增强构件的方法，该法包含以下步骤：
(a)提供一个具有上、下模块的模具，该模块之一包含一种用于接受树脂的料道；
(b)沿着与所述的料道相邻的该上、下模块的内壁放置纤维材料；
(c)通过上述料道注射树脂至所述纤维材料，和
(d)固化该纤维材料，使生成上述固体纤维增强构件。
2、按照权利要求1陈述的方法，其中在上述模块之一提供第二类沟槽，以便在注射上述树脂时排气。
3、按照权利要求2陈述的方法，其中上述纤维增强构件包含一种中空结构，并提供另一步骤，把可膨胀的单元放入该模具内的纤维材料内部。
4、按照权利要求2陈述的方法，其中上述纤维增强构件包含布置在该模具内的泡沫塑料。
5、按照权利要求1陈述的方法，其中该树脂从树脂源经过许多进入孔注射，通过上述料道进入该纤维材料。
6、按照权利要求5陈述的方法，其中出口孔是中心分布在上述入口孔之间，在该树脂注至上述纤维材料时排除空气。
CN87100813A 1986-02-26 1987-02-25 复合构件的周边树脂进料 Expired CN1007886B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US833,304 1977-09-14
US06/833,304 US4740346A (en) 1986-02-26 1986-02-26 Perimeter resin feeding of composite structures

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CN87100813A CN87100813A (zh) 1987-09-16
CN1007886B true CN1007886B (zh) 1990-05-09

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EP (1) EP0234341B2 (zh)
JP (1) JPS62282912A (zh)
KR (1) KR910005205B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1007886B (zh)
AU (1) AU592154B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR8700858A (zh)
CA (1) CA1279168C (zh)
DE (1) DE3764375D1 (zh)
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MX171210B (es) 1993-10-08
CA1279168C (en) 1991-01-22
CN87100813A (zh) 1987-09-16
AU592154B2 (en) 1990-01-04
AU6906087A (en) 1987-08-27
DE3764375D1 (de) 1990-09-27
EP0234341B2 (en) 1993-01-27
JPH0375017B2 (zh) 1991-11-28
KR870007774A (ko) 1987-09-21
US4740346A (en) 1988-04-26
KR910005205B1 (ko) 1991-07-23
BR8700858A (pt) 1987-12-22
EP0234341B1 (en) 1990-08-22
JPS62282912A (ja) 1987-12-08
EP0234341A1 (en) 1987-09-02

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