CN100588688C - 具有高光泽和基于透明基底层合材料的银白色干涉颜料 - Google Patents
具有高光泽和基于透明基底层合材料的银白色干涉颜料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100588688C CN100588688C CN200380106671A CN200380106671A CN100588688C CN 100588688 C CN100588688 C CN 100588688C CN 200380106671 A CN200380106671 A CN 200380106671A CN 200380106671 A CN200380106671 A CN 200380106671A CN 100588688 C CN100588688 C CN 100588688C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- layer
- coating
- sio
- refractive index
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 stupalith Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuth;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Bi]=O BWOROQSFKKODDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RJDOZRNNYVAULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[F-].[F-].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[F-].[F-].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] RJDOZRNNYVAULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021341 titanium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 49
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 16
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Al](Cl)Cl JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-CABCVRRESA-N (-)-alpha-Bisabolol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC[C@](C)(O)[C@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 RGZSQWQPBWRIAQ-CABCVRRESA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001076973 Aroma Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015489 Emblica officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000119298 Emblica officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017639 MgSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017625 MgSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N carminic acid Chemical compound OC1=C2C(=O)C=3C(C)=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=CC=3C(=O)C2=C(O)C(O)=C1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQXNXVUDBPYKBA-YFKPBYRVSA-N ectoine Chemical compound CC1=[NH+][C@H](C([O-])=O)CCN1 WQXNXVUDBPYKBA-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQPHVQVXLPRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N erythrulose Chemical compound OCC(O)C(=O)CO UQPHVQVXLPRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010946 fine silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006115 industrial coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H lead(2+);dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O RYZCLUQMCYZBJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001708 magnesium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001053 orange pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKGXIBQEEMLURG-NVPNHPEKSA-N rutin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 IKGXIBQEEMLURG-NVPNHPEKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
- C09C1/0051—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
- C09C1/0051—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index
- C09C1/0057—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index comprising at least one light-absorbing layer
- C09C1/0066—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index comprising at least one light-absorbing layer consisting of at least one coloured inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/0015—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings
- C09C1/0051—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index
- C09C1/0057—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index comprising at least one light-absorbing layer
- C09C1/0066—Pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. transparent platelets of appropriate thinness or flaky substrates, e.g. mica, bearing appropriate thin transparent coatings comprising a stack of coating layers with alternating low and high refractive indices, wherein the first coating layer on the core surface has the low refractive index comprising at least one light-absorbing layer consisting of at least one coloured inorganic material
- C09C1/0069—Sub-stoichiometric inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/03—Powdery paints
- C09D5/032—Powdery paints characterised by a special effect of the produced film, e.g. wrinkle, pearlescence, matt finish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/36—Pearl essence, e.g. coatings containing platelet-like pigments for pearl lustre
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/65—Chroma (C*)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
- C09C2200/1004—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core comprising at least one inorganic oxide, e.g. Al2O3, TiO2 or SiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
- C09C2200/102—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of glass or silicate material like mica or clays, e.g. kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
- C09C2200/1062—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of an organic compound, e.g. Liquid Crystal Polymers [LCP], Polymers or natural pearl essence
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/10—Interference pigments characterized by the core material
- C09C2200/1087—Interference pigments characterized by the core material the core consisting of bismuth oxychloride, magnesium fluoride, nitrides, carbides, borides, lead carbonate, barium or calcium sulfate, zinc sulphide, molybdenum disulphide or graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/24—Interference pigments comprising a metallic reflector or absorber layer, which is not adjacent to the core
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
- C09C2200/301—Thickness of the core
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
- C09C2200/302—Thickness of a layer with high refractive material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/30—Interference pigments characterised by the thickness of the core or layers thereon or by the total thickness of the final pigment particle
- C09C2200/303—Thickness of a layer with low refractive material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/50—Interference pigments comprising a layer or a core consisting of or comprising discrete particles, e.g. nanometric or submicrometer-sized particles
- C09C2200/502—Metal particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2200/00—Compositional and structural details of pigments exhibiting interference colours
- C09C2200/50—Interference pigments comprising a layer or a core consisting of or comprising discrete particles, e.g. nanometric or submicrometer-sized particles
- C09C2200/505—Inorganic particles, e.g. oxides, nitrides or carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C2220/00—Methods of preparing the interference pigments
- C09C2220/10—Wet methods, e.g. co-precipitation
- C09C2220/106—Wet methods, e.g. co-precipitation comprising only a drying or calcination step of the finally coated pigment
Abstract
本发明涉及基于涂布的层状基底的干扰颜料,其特征在于它包括:(A)层厚为5-350nm的SiO2层,(B)折射指数n>1.8的高折射指数涂层和/或(C)由交替的高和低折射指数层组成的干涉体系和任选地(D)外部保护层。本发明还涉及该干扰颜料在油漆、涂料,机动车油漆、粉末涂料、印刷油墨、安全印刷油墨、塑料、陶瓷材料、玻璃、纸张,在用于电子照相印刷工艺的调色剂中,在种子,在温室薄膜和遮阳篷中的用途,在纸张和塑料的激光标记中作为吸收剂和在化妆品配方中的用途,以供用水、有机和/或含水溶剂制备颜料糊剂,和用于制备颜料制剂,和干制剂中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及基于多层涂布的薄片形式基底的干涉颜料及其用途,特别地在油漆、涂料、印刷油墨、塑料和在化妆品配方中的用途。
在许多工业领域中,尤其在装饰涂料,在塑料、油漆、涂料、印刷油墨和在化妆品配方中,干涉颜料用作光泽或效应颜料(effectpigment)。显示出在多种干扰颜色之间的视角度而定的颜色晃动(colour play)的颜料,由于其颜色晃动,在机动车油漆、防伪证券和在装饰化妆品中尤其令人感兴趣。
干涉颜料通常由用金属氧化物的薄层涂布的薄片形式的载体组成。这些颜料的光学效果基于在基本上平行排列的薄片上光的直接反射。在不同折射指数的界面层处光的反射引起干涉颜色的形成(G.Pfaff,High Performance Pigments,Wiley-VCH Verlag,Weinheim,2002,第7章,Special Effect Pigments)。
U.S.3331699公开了具有光亮的干涉颜色和强烈的闪烁效应的珠光颜料。该颜料基于用半透明、高折射指数的金属氧化物层涂布的玻璃片。合适的金属氧化物是ZrO2、TiO2和Cr2O3。此处颜料的颜色取决于所选的金属氧化物和金属氧化物层的厚度。可通过不同的层厚产生从银白色经金色到紫色、蓝色和绿色的许多干扰颜色。此处玻璃的组成对于具有金属氧化物的涂层来说不是关键的。为了能够根本地实现涂布,在玻璃表面上存在成核剂,例如二氧化锡或勃姆石是绝对必需的。
WO97/46624公开了基于玻璃片且用TiO2或Fe2O3涂布的珠光颜料。
若在载体上的金属薄层非常光滑且均匀,则仅仅获得光泽颜料。WO97/46624述及,涂层必须坚固地粘合到载体上,以便在加工过程中不存在断裂和/或分离。当颜料的机械稳定性差时,使用者会感觉到金属氧化物层对载体不充分的粘合,因为在受机械应力时,例如由于在化妆品制剂内的颜料于皮肤上擦拭时,在印刷工艺中,在生产颜料颗粒或在绕油漆店的环形管线泵送过程中的剪切力导致光泽显著下降。甚至小比例的受损颜料颗粒将引起颜料应用的配色性的显著损害。
U.S.3331699和WO97/46624中的颜料,由于所使用的玻璃类型,导致仅仅可以在低于600℃的温度下焙烧。然而,此处600℃的温度不代表尖锐的极限值,相反它是难以结合的技术要求的折衷。
在低温下焙烧的具有TiO2层的颜料显示出增加的光活性,尤其在掺入到塑料体系内时,但不适合于接受强烈或长期曝光的制品。其原因是沉淀的金属氧化物层的孔隙度和大的活性表面积所致,所述沉淀的金属氧化物层仅仅在从700℃起的焙烧温度下固结。这种固结导致金属氧化物层降低的孔隙度,和与此同时增加折射指数,从而改进颜料的光学性能。然而,在较高温度下,因玻璃芯的显著软化和薄片的有关变形,以及涂层的破裂和/或分离,破坏了颜料。甚至在600℃或更低的焙烧温度下,可出现对载体的层粘合下降,从而损害颜料的机械稳定性。在实践中,这种颜料仅仅可在有限的程度上被使用。
EP0753545B1公开了基于高折射指数、透明、非金属、薄片形式基底的角色差(goniochromatic)变色光泽颜料,所述基底包括至少一层包装,所述包装包括折射指数n≤1.8的无色涂层,和反射、选择性或非选择性吸收涂层。合适的基底,例如薄片形式的氧化铁、BiOCl、ZrO2-或TiO2-涂布的云母的折射指数n≥2。角色差光泽颜料显示出在多种强烈的干扰颜色之间的视角度而定的颜色晃动,并因此显示突出的颜色跳动,这在许多工业应用中是有利的,在装饰应用中常常是所需的,但在珠光颜料的大部分应用中不是所需的。
WO01/30920公开了遮盖能力高的着成金色和橙色的干涉颜料,其区别特征在于薄片形式的基底用含低折射指数层的至少连续两层和含Fe2O3和TiO2的金属氧化物混合物的高折射指数层涂布的事实。低折射指数涂层所提及的材料是SiO2、Al2O3、AlO(OH)、B2O3、MgF2、MgSiO3或这些氧化物的混合物。然而,在来自WO01/30920中的颜料的情况下,主要特征是本体颜色和遮盖能力,这是由于混合氧化物层高的固有吸收性所致。因此仅仅高遮盖力的金色颜料和橙色颜料是可以获得的。具有高光泽的银白色颜料就象具有光亮的干涉颜色和高透明度的高光泽颜料一样得不到。在印刷技术,在用于表面涂层的塑料中,和尤其在化妆品中,对具有改进光泽的银白色颜料具有巨大需求。
本发明的目的是提供具有高光泽的银白色干涉颜料,和具有光亮的干涉颜色的高光泽干涉颜料,它们机械稳定且制备简单,和区别特征在于进一步有利的技术性能。
令人惊奇地,现已发现,基于透明薄片形式基底的干涉颜料具有改进的光泽且显示出更强烈的颜色,若该薄片用SiO2的第一层涂布,然后在其上施加高折射指数层,如二氧化钛、亚氧化钛(titaniumsuboxide)、氧化锆、氧化锡、氧化铬、Fe2O3或Fe3O4。
它们除了较高的光泽以外,具有玻璃片作为载体的本发明颜料与现有技术的涂布的玻璃片的区别在于显著改进的焙烧行为。基于玻璃片的本发明的干涉颜料可在>700℃的温度下焙烧,且没有出现薄片结构的变形或破坏。
本发明的干涉颜料因此明显优于现有技术的颜料,不仅在于它们的光学性能,如光泽和着色力,而且在于它们的技术性能,如机械稳定性和光稳定性。
本发明因此涉及基于薄片形式基底的干涉颜料,其区别特征在于以下事实:它们包括
(A)层厚为5-350nm的SiO2层,
(B)折射指数n>1.8的高折射指数涂层和/或
(C)由交替的高和低折射指数层组成的干涉体系和任选地
(D)外部保护层。
本发明此外涉及本发明的干涉颜料在油漆、涂料,尤其在机动车油漆、粉末涂料、印刷油墨、安全(security)印刷油墨、塑料、陶瓷材料、玻璃、纸张,在电子摄影印刷工艺中的调色剂中,在种子,在温室大棚和遮阳篷中的用途,在纸张和塑料的激光标记作为吸收剂和在化妆品配方中的用途。此外,本发明的颜料还适于用水、有机和/或含水溶剂制备颜料糊剂,制备颜料制剂和干燥制剂,如颗粒、小片、粒料,坯块等。干燥制剂尤其适用于印刷油墨和化妆品。
用于本发明干涉颜料的合适的基本基底是无色或选择性或非选择性吸收的薄片形式的基底。合适的基底尤其是页硅酸盐,如天然和/或合成云母,滑石,高岭土,薄片形式的铁或铝的氧化物,玻璃片,SiO2薄片,TiO2薄片,石墨薄片,无合成载体的薄片,氮化钛,硅化钛,液晶聚合物(LCP),全息颜料,BiOCl和薄片形式的混合氧化物,或其混合物。尤其优选的基底是玻璃片,云母片和Al2O3薄片。
特别优选玻璃片,因为它具有尤其光滑的表面和非常高的反射率。
基本基底的尺寸本身不是关键的,和可与特定的应用相匹配。一般来说,薄片形式的基底的厚度介于0.005至10微米,尤其介于0.1至5微米。另外两个方向的尺寸通常为1-500微米,优选2-300微米和尤其20-200微米。此外,优选的较小粒度是在1-100微米,尤其5-60微米和1-15微米范围内的那些。
特别优选平均厚度<2微米的玻璃片。较厚的薄片通常不可能在常规的印刷工艺中和在苛刻的修饰中使用。玻璃片优选厚度<1微米,特别是<0.9微米,非常特别优选<0.7微米。特别优选厚度为0.25-0.7微米的玻璃片。玻璃片的直径优选5-300微米,特别优选10-100微米,此外5-60微米。可例如根据EP0289240中所述的方法制备具有这些尺寸的玻璃片。
玻璃片可由本领域的熟练技术人员已知的所有类型的玻璃片组成,例如窗玻璃、C玻璃、E玻璃、ECR玻璃、玻璃、实验室设备的玻璃或光学玻璃。特别优选E玻璃或ECR玻璃。玻璃片的折射指数优选1.45-1.80,特别是1.50-1.70。
然而,玻璃片由于具有SiO2层的涂层(层(A)),因此对于进一步的涂层和颜料的所得技术性能来说,其化学组成是次要的。SiO2涂层保护玻璃表面免遭化学改性,如在腐蚀性酸性涂料溶液中溶胀、浸出玻璃成分或溶解。
在焙烧工艺过程中,在玻璃片的情况下,在玻璃体和其上沉淀的SiO2之间的界面处产生化学相关材料之间的紧密粘接。由于高的软化温度,甚至在高于700℃的焙烧温度情况下,其上沉淀的SiO2壳层使基底产生必需的机械稳定性。甚至在高于700℃下,紧跟SiO2层的高折射指数涂层的粘合也非常良好。
在基底上层(A)的厚度可在宽的范围内变化,这取决于所需的效果。层(A)的厚度为5-350纳米,优选5-150纳米。为了控制光泽和着色力,优选30-100纳米的层厚。
也可用炭黑颗粒、无机着色颜料和/或金属颗粒掺杂SiO2层,若这种掺杂在>700℃的温度下,在空气中或者在惰性气体中稳定的话。掺杂剂在SiO2基体内的比例为1-30wt%,优选2-20wt%,特别是5-20wt%。
高折射指数涂层(B)优选由金属氧化物和/或亚氧化物组成。
层(B)优选由金属氧化物,如TiO2、ZrO2、SnO2、ZnO、Ce2O3、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、Cr2O3、CoO、Co3O4、VO2、V2O3、NiO,另外钛的亚氧化物(具有<4到2的氧化态的部分还原的TiO2,如较低的氧化物Ti3O5、Ti2O3到TiO),氧氮化钛,FeO(OH),薄的半透明金属层,例如包括Al、Fe、Cr、Ag、Au、Pt或Pd或这些的结合组成。TiO2层可以是锐钛矿或金红石的改性形式,优选锐钛矿层。锐钛矿优选根据EP0271767中的方法制备。
层(B)优选是金属氧化物层,尤其TiO2、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、SnO2、ZrO2或Cr2O3。特别优选二氧化钛。
层(B)当然也可由多层高折射指数层组成,层(B)优选由仅仅一层,此外两层组成。
高折射指数层的厚度取决于所需的干扰颜色。层(B)的厚度优选60-300纳米。SiO2薄层与高折射指数金属氧化物层的结合能获得例如从纯银白色经金色到强烈的绿色的干扰颜色。
此外,可将高和低折射指数层(层C)交替施加到层(B)上。层数优选2,此外3、4、5、6或7层。
特别地,由在层(B)上的高和低折射指数层组成的干扰包装导致具有增加光泽和进一步增加的干扰颜色的颜料。
含交替的高和低折射指数层(层C)的干扰体系也可替代层(B)直接施加到SiO2层上。
高或低折射指数的单独各层的厚度反过来对颜料的光学性能来说是重要的。对于本发明的干涉颜料来说,必需相对于彼此,精确地设定单独各层的厚度。层(C)的厚度为40-800纳米,优选60-600纳米,特别是100-400纳米。
作为高折射指数层的合适的材料是层(B)所提及的所有那些材料。
用于涂层(C)的合适的无色的低折射指数材料优选是金属氧化物或相应的氧化物的水合物,例如SiO2、Al2O3、AlO(OH)、B2O3、化合物如MgF2、MgSi3或所述金属氧化物的混合物。层(C)的干涉体系特别是TiO2-SiO2-TiO2的层序列。
此外,本发明的干涉颜料也可具有半透明的金属层作为外层。这类涂层根据例如DE3825702A1是已知的。金属层优选是层厚为5-25纳米的铬或铝层。
所使用的高折射指数层(B)和/或(C)当然也可以是无色的高折射指数材料,例如金属氧化物,特别是TiO2和ZrO2,这些材料已用温度稳定的吸收着色剂,如红色氧化铁或Thenard`s Blue着色。吸收着色剂也可以以膜的形式施加到高折射指数涂层。Berlin Blue和CarmineRed优选施加到预焙烧的TiO2和ZrO2层上。这类涂层的实例根据例如在DE2313332被公开。
特另优选的干扰颜料如下所述:
玻璃片+SiO2+TiO2
玻璃片+SiO2+Fe2O3
玻璃片+SiO2+Fe3O4
玻璃片+SiO2+Cr2O3
玻璃片+SiO2+TiO2+Berlin Blue
玻璃片+SiO2+TiO2+Carmine Red
玻璃片+SiO2+TiO2+SiO2+TiO2
玻璃片+SiO2+TiO2+Cr
云母片+SiO2+TiO2
云母片+SiO2+Fe2O3
云母片+SiO2+Fe3O4
云母片+SiO2+Cr2O3
云母片+SiO2+TiO2+Berlin Blue
云母片+SiO2+TiO2+Ca rmi ne Red
云母片+SiO2+TiO2+SiO2+TiO2
云母片+SiO2+TiO2+Cr
Al2O3片+SiO2+TiO2
Al2O3片+SiO2+Fe2O3
Al2O3片+SiO2+Fe3O4
Al2O3片+SiO2+Cr2O3
Al2O3片+SiO2+TiO2+Berlin Blue
Al2O3片+SiO2+TiO2+Carmine Red
Al2O3片+SiO2+SnO2+TiO2+Carmine Red
Al2O3片+SiO2+TiO2+SiO2+TiO2
Al2O3片+SiO2+TiO2+Cr
在这些特别优选的干扰颜料当中,尤其优选涂布的玻璃片,此外是涂布的Al2O3片。
术语高折射指数涂层是指折射指数>1.8的层,和术语低折射指数层是指n≤1.8的那些层。
本发明的干扰颜料一般来说可相对容易地制备。
优选通过湿化学方法施加金属氧化物层,可使用为制备珠光颜料而开发的湿化学涂布方法。在例如DE1467468、DE1959988、DE2002566、DE2214545、DE2215191、DE2244298、DE2313331、DE1522572、DE3137808、DE3137809、DE3151343、DE3151354、DE3151355、DE3211602、DE3235017中,或者在本领域的熟练技术人员已知的另外的专利文献和其它出版物中公开了这类方法。
在湿法涂布的情况下,将基底颗粒悬浮在水中,并在适于水解的pH下添加一种或多种可水解的金属盐或水玻璃溶液,其中以使得金属氧化物或金属氧化物的水合物直接在薄片上沉淀且没有发生二次沉淀的方式选择这一pH。通常通过同时计量碱和/或酸来保持pH恒定。随后分离出颜料、洗涤并在50-150℃下干燥6-18小时,和任选地焙烧0.5-3小时,可相对于在每一情况下存在的涂层优化焙烧温度。一般来说,焙烧温度介于700至1000℃,优选介于700至900℃。视需要,可分离出颜料、干燥并在施加各涂层之后任选地焙烧,然后再次再悬浮,以供沉淀另外的层。
通常通过在合适的pH下添加钾或钠的水玻璃溶液,进行SiO2层在基底上的沉淀。
此外,涂布也可在流化床反应器中通过气相涂布而进行,可相应地使用例如在EP0045851和EP0106235中所述的工艺以制备珠光颜料。
通过选择不同的涂料量或由其导致的层厚,可在非常宽的范围内变化干扰颜料的色泽。可通过在肉眼或测量技术控制下,接近所需颜色,在纯粹选择用量以外实现对于一定色泽的精细微调。
为了增加光、水和气候稳定性,经常建议使最终的颜料进行后涂布或后处理,这取决于施加的区域。例如在德国专利2215191、DE-A3151354、DE-A3235017或DE-A3334598中公开了合适的后涂布或后处理的方法。这种后涂布(层D)进一步增加化学和光化学稳定性或简化颜料的处理,尤其掺入到各种介质内的颜料的处理。为了改进润湿性、分散度和/或与使用者的介质的相容性,例如可将Al2O3或ZrO2或其混合物的功能涂层施加到颜料表面上。此外,例如如EP0090259、EP0634459、WO99/57204、WO96/32446、WO99/57204、U.S.5759255、U.S.5571851、WO01/92425中,或者J.J.Ponjee,Philips TechnicalReview,Vol.44,No.3,81ff.和P.H.Harding J.C.Berg,J.AdhesionSci.Technol.Vol.11,No.4,pp.471-493中所述,采用硅烷进行有机后涂布是可能的。
与在基底上不含SiO2层的现有技术的颜料相比,本发明的颜料的区别特征在于,它的较高的色度(着色力C*)、它的较高的光泽(L值)和突出的闪烁效应,尤其在颜料基于玻璃或Al2O3薄片的情况下。与EP0753545B1的角色差颜料相比,本发明的干扰颜料不显示或仅仅显示出低的视角度而定的颜色。
与WO01/30920的教导相比,本发明颜料在光泽和机械稳定性方面的关键性优点仅仅来自于SiO2作为载体的第一涂层的材料。本发明得到了具有光亮的干扰颜色,如红色、蓝色或绿色的银白色颜料和高光泽干扰颜料,这在WO01/30920的公开内容以外。本发明的颜料因其透明度导致可有利地与吸收颜料或色料共混。这种结合能以特别简单的方式实现非同寻常的底色。
本发明的颜料与优选来自油漆区域、涂层和印刷油墨和化妆品配方的多种颜色体系相容。为了制备用于例如照相凹板印刷、胶版印刷、胶印和offset overvarnishing的印刷油墨,多种粘合剂,尤其例如由BASF、Marabu、Proll、Sericol、Hartmann、Gebr.Schmidt、Sicpa、Aarberg、Sieberg、GSB-Wahl、Follmann、Ruco或Coates Screen INKSGmbH销售的水溶性品级是合适的。印刷油墨可以是水基或溶剂基油墨。此外,该颜料还适于纸张和塑料的激光标记和在农业部门的应用,例如温室大棚和例如遮阳篷的着色。
由于本发明的干扰颜料结合高光泽和强烈的干扰颜色以及高度突出的闪烁效应,因此在各种应用介质中,如在化妆品配方,例如指甲油、口红、粉底(compact powder)、凝胶、洗剂、皂类、牙膏中,在油漆,例如机动车油漆、工业涂料和粉末涂料中,和在塑料中以及在陶瓷中采用它们时,可实现特别有效的效果。
由于良好的皮肤感觉和非常良好的皮肤粘合性,本发明的颜料既适用于个人护理应用,如浴液、乳液、香波、皂类等,也适用于尤其装饰化妆品。
毋庸置疑,对于各种应用来说,本发明的多层颜料也可有利地在含有机染料、有机颜料或其它颜料,如透明和不透明的白色、着色和黑色颜料的共混物中,和在含薄片形式的氧化铁、有机颜料、全息颜料、LCP(液晶聚合物)和基于金属氧化物涂布的云母和SiO2薄片的常规透明、着色和黑色光泽颜料的共混物等中使用。本发明的颜料也可以以任何比例与可商购的颜料和填料混合。
可提及的填料是,例如天然和合成云母,尼龙粉末,纯粹或填充的三聚氰胺树脂,滑石,SiO2,玻璃,高岭土,铝、镁、钙或锌的氧化物或氢氧化物,BiOCl,硫酸钡,硫酸钙,碳酸钙,碳酸镁,碳,和这些物质的物理或化学的结合。
对填料的颗粒形状没有限制。根据需要,它可以是例如薄片形式、球形或针形。
当然,本发明的颜料还可在配方中与任何类型的化妆原料和助剂结合。这些特别地包括油、脂肪、成膜剂、防腐剂和通常决定技术性能的助剂,如增稠剂和流变添加剂,如膨润土、锂蒙脱石、二氧化硅、硅酸钙、明胶、高分子量碳水化合物和/或表面活性助剂等。
含本发明颜料的配方可属于亲脂、亲水或疏水类型。在具有不连续的含水和非水相的非均相配方中,在每一情况下,本发明的颜料可存在于仅仅两相之一内或者在这两相内分布。
该配方的pH值可以介于1至14,优选2至11,和特别优选5至8。
对配方内的本发明颜料的浓度没有设定限制条件。取决于应用,它们可以是介于0.001(漂洗产品,例如淋浴凝胶)至100%(例如用于特定应用的光泽效应制品)。
本发明的颜料此外也可与化妆活性成分结合。合适的活性成分例如是,驱虫剂、UV A/BC保护滤料(filters)(例如OMC、B3或MBC)、抗老化活性成分、维生素及其衍生物(例如维生素A、C、E等)、自鞣制(self-tanning)剂(特别是例如DHA、赤藓酮糖)和另外的化妆活性成分,如红没药醇、LPO、ectoin、余甘(emblica)、尿囊素、生物类黄酮及其衍生物。
此外,本发明的颜料适于制备其中包括一种或多种本发明的颜料、粘合剂和任选地一种或多种添加剂的可流动的颜料制剂和干制剂,尤其适合于印刷油墨和化妆品应用。
本发明因此还涉及颜料在配方如油漆、涂料、机动车油漆、粉末涂料、印刷油墨、安全印刷油墨、塑料、陶瓷材料、玻璃、纸张等的配方内,在电子照相的印刷工艺内的调色剂中,在种子,在温室大棚和遮阳篷中的用途,在纸张和塑料的激光标记中作为吸收剂和在化妆品配方中的用途,以供用水、有机和/或含水溶剂制备颜料糊剂,制备颜料制剂和干制剂,如颗粒中的用途。
下述实施例将更详细地说明本发明,而不是限制本发明。
实施例
实施例1:
在搅拌下,在1.9升去离子水中加热150g平均层厚为700纳米的玻璃片(表1的玻璃A)到75℃。然后,使用5%盐酸调节该悬浮液的pH到7.5。随后逐滴添加钠水玻璃溶液(112g含26.8%SiO2的钠水玻璃溶解在112g去离子水中的溶液),期间通过同时计量添加5%盐酸保持其pH恒定在7.5。当加完时,搅拌混合物另外0.5小时,然后调节该悬浮液的pH到1.8,搅拌该悬浮液另外15分钟,和逐滴添加四氯化锡的盐酸溶液(3gSnCl4·5H2O溶解在15ml 25%盐酸和85ml去离子水内),期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。
接着计量添加30%四氯化钛溶液,期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。在该工艺过程中,通过颜色测量来监控颜料制备过程中的配色性,和根据色泽(色泽arc tanb*/a*)控制沉淀工艺。当达到所需的银色终点时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。基于玻璃片,该颜料包括20%沉淀SiO2。
过滤出产品,洗涤,在150℃下干燥并在>700℃下焙烧。
将最终的颜料掺入到可商购的硝基纤维素清漆内,并制备油漆卡片。该油漆卡片显示出具有高光泽的非常纯的银白色。
表1:玻璃组成(%)
成分 玻璃A 玻璃B
SiO2 64 60
Al2O3 5 5
CaO 6.2 7.7
MgO 2.2 5.2
B2O3 5.3 6.1
Na2O+K2O 13.5 16
ZnO 3.7 0
FeO/Fe2O3 0.1 0
实施例2:
通过实施例1所述的工艺制备银白色颜料。使用具有相同厚度和尺寸分布(20-200微米)的组成B的玻璃片,而不是表1的组成A的玻璃片。二氧化钛的涂布进行到与实施例1一样的相同的终点。所得颜料肉眼与实施例1的那些不可区分。
实施例3-5:
通过实施例1所述的工序制备基于玻璃片的具有下述重量比例SiO2的银白色颜料:
实施例3:2%SiO2,通过计量添加溶解在11.5g水内的11.5g水玻璃溶液
实施例4:5%SiO2,通过计量添加溶解在28g水内的28g水玻璃溶液
实施例5:10%SiO2,通过计量添加溶解在56g水内的56g水玻璃溶液
进行二氧化钛的涂布到与实施例1和2相同的色泽。
实施例6和7(不具有第一SiO2层的对比例):
在搅拌下,在1.9升去离子水中加热150g平均层厚为700纳米的具有表1的组成A的玻璃片到75℃。使用盐酸调节该悬浮液的pH到pH1.8。随后逐滴添加四氯化锡的盐酸溶液(4.5gSnCl4·5H2O溶解在22.5ml 25%盐酸和128ml去离子水内),期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。接着计量添加30%四氯化钛溶液,期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当达到所需的银色终点时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。
过滤出产品,洗涤,在150℃下干燥。在600℃下焙烧颜料样品(实施例6),和在700℃下焙烧另一颜料样品(实施例7),在每一情况下费时60分钟。
将最终的颜料掺入到可商购的硝基纤维素清漆内,并使用该清漆制备油漆卡片。采用在600℃下焙烧的颜料的情况下,该油漆卡片显示出具有良好光泽的纯的银白色,而在700℃下焙烧的颜料情况下,光泽显著下降。
实施例8:对比例
在搅拌下,在1.9升去离子水中加热150g平均层厚为700内米的具有表1的组成A的玻璃片到75℃。调节pH到5.5。在搅拌下,在75℃下逐滴添加180ml氯化铝的盐酸溶液(18g六水合氯化铝),期间使用氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH在5。当加完时,在75℃下搅拌该混合物另外2小时。过滤出涂布的玻璃片,洗涤,在150℃下干燥,并在400℃下脱水30分钟。在冷却之后,进一步使用钛,根据实施例6中所述的工序,加工用氧化铝(约5%Al2O3)涂布的玻璃片,得到银白色颜料。
与实施例6的现有技术的颜料相比,实施例8的颜料的光泽绝对没有显示出改进,和与具有SiO2层的颜料相比,该颜料显示出显著较低的光泽。
表2:
在黑色背景上测量的实施例1-8的银白色颜料的光泽值L和色度C*
实验 光泽值L 色度C*
1 76 3.5
2 76 3.6
3 73 2.16
4 75 2.82
5 76 3.4
6(对比) 66 1.9
7(对比) 56 1.67
8(对比) 62 1.8
实施例9:机械稳定性的测试
可在实际的试验中测试在化妆品制剂内颜料的磨耗稳定性。此处确定颜料的机械稳定性是否足以用于例如粉底或乳膏中。作为快速试验,在手心上,用手指擦拭颜料样品证明是成功的。在通过擦拭颜料颗粒的层分离或断裂的情况下,被擦拭样品的光泽下降或完全丧失。根据1-5个步骤肉眼评估光泽的下降,其中步骤1表示在擦拭过程中光泽没有变化或者增加,和步骤5表示强烈的消光。步骤3被视为在实践中在有限的程度上可用,4和5被视为不可用。
使实施例1-7的颜料进行这类磨耗试验。表3示出了结果,表明仅仅具有SiO2层的本发明颜料具有充足的机械稳定性以供化妆品应用。
表3:磨耗稳定性
颜料 光泽类型 SiO2层 磨耗稳定性
实验1(本发明) A 约70纳米 1
实验2(本发明) B 约70纳米 1
实验3(本发明) A 约7纳米 3
实验4(本发明) A 约17纳米 2
实验5(本发明) A 约35纳米 1
实验6(对比) A 0 5
实验7(对比) A 0 5
实施例10:(对比实验)
在5升实验室反应器内,将100g氧化铝薄片(如EP0763573B1的实施例2中所述制备)悬浮在2升去离子水中。在75℃下,在搅拌下以3ml/min逐滴添加200ml SnCl4的水溶液(36gSnCl4/升溶液)。通过计量添加氢氧化钠溶液,使该悬浮液的pH保持在1.8。搅拌该混合物另外10分钟,然后以3ml/min的速度计量四氯化钛水溶液(125g TiCl4/升溶液),期间通过添加氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH在1.7-1.9下。按照这一方式,用二氧化钛层涂布氧化铝薄片,其中在采用增加的二氧化钛层厚的情况下,首先形成银白色,然后形成第一到第三顺序着色的干扰颜色。在涂布工艺过程中,在间隙形式的测量室辅助下,测量干扰颜料的配色性,其中所述测量室与反应器相连,且在涂布过程中反应混合物经所述测量室被连续泵送。在流经测量室的间隙过程中,颜料薄片基本上平行于流动方向排列并以黑色背景为衬托进行测量。使用可商购的Minolta CR 300色彩测量室,测量在闪光照射之后在某一角度处反射的光。测量数据根据DIN 5033 Part 3转化成CIELAB值并作出标记。按照这一方式,在涂布的任何阶段可测定颜料的配色性。图1示出了在a*/b*图表格式内涂层的配色性的趋势。在该体系中,+a值表示红色,-a值表示绿色,+b值表示黄色和-b值表示蓝色。测量曲线始于坐标原点,且显示出对应于二氧化钛涂布的干扰颜色。颜料的色度越大,颜色位置离坐标原点的距离越远。
实施例11:
在实施例10的实验室反应器中,将100g氧化铝薄片(如EP0763573B1的实施例2中所述制备)悬浮在1.6升去离子水中。设定该悬浮液的pH为8,和逐滴添加钠水玻璃溶液(190g含26.8%SiO2的钠水玻璃溶液溶解在190g去离子水中),期间通过同时计量添加5%盐酸保持其pH恒定在8。当加完时,搅拌混合物另外0.5小时,然后使用5%盐酸,调节该悬浮液的pH到1.8,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟,和逐滴添加四氯化锡的盐酸溶液(4.5gSnCl4·5H2O溶解在22.5ml25%盐酸和128ml去离子水内),期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟,然后以3ml/min的速度计量四氯化钛水溶液(125g TiCl4/升溶液),期间通过添加氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH在1.7-1.9。在TiO2涂布过程中,同实施例10一样测量颜料的配色性。比较表明,本发明的颜料比现有技术的颜料(图2)具有显著较好的色度(“着色力”)。另外,本发明的颜料显示出显著较高的光泽。
实施例12:
在搅拌下,在1.9升去离子水中加热150g平均层厚为900纳米的玻璃片(表4的玻璃C)到75℃。然后,使用5%盐酸调节该悬浮液的pH到7.5。随后逐滴添加钠水玻璃溶液(112g含26.8%SiO2的钠水玻璃溶液溶解在112g去离子水中),期间通过同时计量添加5%盐酸保持其pH恒定在7.5。当加完时,搅拌混合物另外0.5小时,然后调节该悬浮液的pH到1.8,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟,和逐滴添加四氯化锡的盐酸溶液(3gSnCl4·5H2O溶解在15ml25%盐酸和85ml去离子水内),期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。
接着计量添加30%四氯化钛溶液,期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。在该工艺过程中,通过颜色测量来监控颜料制备过程中的配色性,和根据色泽(色泽arc tanb*/a*)控制沉淀工艺。当达到所需的银色终点时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。基于玻璃片,该颜料包括20%沉淀SiO2。
过滤出产品,洗涤,在150℃下干燥并在>700℃下焙烧。
将最终的颜料掺入到可商购的硝基纤维素清漆内,并制备油漆卡片。该油漆卡片显示出具有高光泽的非常纯的银白色。
表4:玻璃组成(%)
成分 玻璃C 玻璃D
SiO2 65.7 64.8
Al2O3 4.0 4.9
CaO 5.9 5.6
MgO 1.9 1.7
B2O3 5.4 4.2
Na2O+K2O 12.7 14.7
ZnO 4.3 3.9
FeO/Fe2O3 0.1 0.2
实施例13:
通过实施例12所述的工艺制备银白色颜料。使用具有相同厚度和尺寸分布(20-200微米)的组成D的玻璃片,而不是表4的组成C的玻璃片。二氧化钛的涂布进行到与实施例12一样的相同的终点。所得颜料肉眼与实施例12的那些不可区分。
实施例14-16:
通过实施例12所述的工序制备基于玻璃片的具有下述重量比例SiO2的银白色颜料:
实施例14:2%SiO2,通过计量添加溶解在11.5g水内的11.5g水玻璃溶液
实施例15:5%SiO2,通过计量添加溶解在28g水内的28g水玻璃溶液
实施例16:10%SiO2,通过计量添加溶解在56g水内的56g水玻璃溶液
进行二氧化钛的涂布到与实施例12和13相同的色泽。
实施例17和18(不具有第一SiO2层的对比例)
在搅拌下,在1.9升去离子水中加热150g平均层厚为900纳米的具有表4的组成C的玻璃片到75℃。使用盐酸调节该悬浮液的pH到pH1.8。随后逐滴添加四氯化的盐酸溶液(4.5gSnCl4·5H2O溶解在22.5ml25%盐酸和128ml去离子水内),期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。接着计量添加30%四氯化钛溶液,期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当达到所需的银色终点时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。
过滤出产品,洗涤,在150℃下干燥。在600℃下焙烧颜料样品(实施例17),和在700℃下焙烧另一颜料样品(实施例18),在每一情况下费时60分钟。
将最终的颜料掺入到可商购的硝基纤维素清漆内,并使用该清漆制备油漆卡片。采用在600℃下焙烧的颜料的情况下,该油漆卡片显示出具有良好光泽的纯的银白色,而在700℃下焙烧的颜料情况下,光泽显著下降。
实施例19:对比例
在搅拌下,在1.9升去离子水中加热150g平均层厚为900纳米的具有表4的组成C的玻璃片到75℃。调节pH到5.5。在搅拌下,在75℃下逐滴添加180ml氯化铝的盐酸溶液(18g六水合氯化铝),期间使用氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH在5。当加完时,在75℃下搅拌该混合物另外2小时。过滤出涂布的玻璃片,洗涤,在150℃下干燥,并在400℃下脱水30分钟。在冷却之后,进一步使用二氧化钛,根据实施例17中所述的工序,加工用氧化铝(约5%Al2O3)涂布的玻璃片,得到银白色颜料。
与实施例17的现有技术的颜料相比,实施例19的颜料的光泽绝对没有显示出改进,和与具有SiO2层的颜料相比,该颜料显示出显著较低的光泽。
实施例20:机械稳定性的测试
类似于实施例9进行机械稳定性的测试。
使实施例12-18的颜料进行这类磨耗试验。表5示出了结果,表明仅仅具有SiO2层的本发明颜料具有充足的机械稳定性以供化妆品应用。
表5:磨耗稳定性
颜料 光泽类型 SiO2层 磨耗稳定性
实验12(本发明) C 约90纳米 1
实验13(本发明) D 约90纳米 1
实验14(本发明) C 约9纳米 3
实验15(本发明) C 约22.5纳米 2
实验16(本发明) C 约45纳米 1
实验17(对比) C 0 5
实验18(对比) C 0 5
实施例21:
在搅拌下,在1.75升去离子水中加热125g平均层厚为500纳米的玻璃片(表4的玻璃D)到75℃。然后,使用5%盐酸调节该悬浮液的pH到8。随后逐滴添加钠水玻璃溶液(67g含26.8%SiO2的钠水玻璃溶液溶解在67g去离子水中),期间通过同时计量添加5%盐酸保持其pH恒定在7.5。当加完时,搅拌混合物另外15分钟,然后调节该悬浮液的pH到2.8,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟,和逐滴添加约320ml15%氯化铁的盐酸溶液,期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。在涂布过程中,如实施例10一样测量颜料的配色性。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。基于玻璃片,该颜料包括10%沉淀SiO2。
过滤出产品,洗涤,在150℃下干燥并在>700℃下焙烧。
将最终的颜料掺入到可商购的硝基纤维素清漆内,并制备油漆卡片。该油漆卡片显示出具有高光泽的非常纯的氧化铁红色。
实施例22:
在搅拌下,在1.75升去离子水中加热125g平均层厚为500纳米的玻璃片(表4的玻璃D,粒度10-60微米)到75℃。然后,使用5%盐酸调节该悬浮液的pH到7.5。随后逐滴添加钠水玻璃溶液(67g含26.8%SiO2的钠水玻璃溶液溶解在67g去离子水中),期间通过同时计量添加5%盐酸保持其pH恒定在7.5。当加完时,搅拌混合物另外15分钟。
然后调节该悬浮液的pH到1.8,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟,和逐滴添加四氯化锡的盐酸溶液(2.5gSnCl4·5H2O溶解在12.5ml25%盐酸和70ml去离子水内),期间通过同时逐滴添加32%氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH恒定。当加完时,搅拌该混合物另外15分钟。
随后使该悬浮液的pH保持在1.8,和以2ml/min的速度计量四氯化钛水溶液(400g TiCl4/升溶液),期间通过添加氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH在1.7-1.9下。在TiO2涂布过程中,如实施例10一样测量颜料的颜色性能。当达到必需的色泽角时,通过添加32%NaOH,缓慢调节pH到8,和再次逐滴添加钠水玻璃溶液(9.8g含26.8%SiO2的钠水玻璃溶液溶解在9.8g去离子水中),期间通过同时计量添加5%盐酸保持其pH恒定在7.5。当加完时,搅拌混合物另外15分钟。必需精确计算钠水玻璃溶液的体积,因为在涂布过程中,不可能利用配色性变化监控颜色的形成。
然后使用5%盐酸,再次调节pH到pH1.8,和以2ml/min的速度计量四氯化钛水溶液(400g TiCl4/升溶液),期间通过添加氢氧化钠溶液保持其pH在1.7-1.9下。根据色泽角(hue angle)测定滴定的终点。基于玻璃片,该颜料包括10%沉淀SiO2。
过滤出产品,洗涤,在150℃下干燥并在>700℃下焙烧。
将最终的颜料掺入到可商购的硝基纤维素清漆内,并制备油漆卡片。该油漆卡片显示出具有高光泽的非常纯和光亮的干扰颜色。
Claims (14)
1.一种基于涂布的薄片形式基底的干涉颜料,其特征在于它包括:
(A)层厚为5-350nm的SiO2层,
(B)折射指数n>1.8的高折射指数涂层和/或
(C)由交替的折射指数n>1.8的高折射指数层和折射指数n≤1.8的低折射指数层组成的干涉体系
和任选地
(D)外部保护层;
其中层(B)和层(C)中的高折射指数层由金属氧化物组成,所述金属氧化物是TiO2、ZrO2、SnO2、ZnO、Ce2O3、Fe2O3、Fe3O4、Cr2O3、CoO、Co3O4、VO2、V2O3、NiO或钛的亚氧化物。
2.权利要求1的干涉颜料,其特征在于薄片形式的基底是天然和/或合成云母,滑石,高岭土,薄片形式的铁或铝的氧化物,玻璃片,SiO2薄片,TiO2薄片,石墨薄片,无合成载体的薄片,氮化钛,硅化钛,液晶聚合物,全息颜料,BiOCl和薄片形式的混合氧化物,或其混合物。
3.权利要求2的干涉颜料,其特征在于薄片形式的基底是玻璃片,云母片或Al2O3薄片。
4.权利要求1-3任何一项的干涉颜料,其特征在于层(A)的厚度为30-100纳米。
5.权利要求1-3任何一项的干涉颜料,其特征在于用炭黑颗粒、金属颗粒和/或着色颜料掺杂层(A)。
6.权利要求1的干涉颜料,其特征在于层(B)是二氧化钛。
7.权利要求1-3任何一项的干涉颜料,其特征在于层(C)由交替的高和低折射指数层组成。
8.权利要求7的干涉颜料,其特征在于层(C)具有TiO2-SiO2-TiO2层序列。
9.权利要求1-3任何一项的干涉颜料,其特征在于它们具有外部保护层(D),为的是增加光、温度和气候稳定性。
10.制备权利要求1的干涉颜料的方法,其特征在于,通过湿化学方法在含水介质内水解分解金属盐,或者通过在流化床反应器内气相涂布方法进行基底的涂布。
11.权利要求1的干涉颜料在油漆、涂料、印刷油墨、塑料、陶瓷材料、玻璃、纸张,在用于电子照相印刷工艺的调色剂中,在种子,在温室大棚和遮阳篷中的用途,在纸张和塑料的激光标记中作为吸收剂和在化妆品配方中的用途,以供用水、有机和/或含水溶剂制备颜料糊剂,和用于制备颜料制剂,和干制剂的用途。
12.权利要求11的用途,其特征在于,所述油漆为机动车油漆。
13.权利要求11的用途,其特征在于,所述涂料为粉末涂料。
14.权利要求11的用途,其特征在于,所述印刷油墨为安全印刷油墨。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2002159301 DE10259301A1 (de) | 2002-12-17 | 2002-12-17 | Interferenzpigmente |
DE10259301.9 | 2002-12-17 | ||
DE10302589.8 | 2003-01-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1729254A CN1729254A (zh) | 2006-02-01 |
CN100588688C true CN100588688C (zh) | 2010-02-10 |
Family
ID=32747433
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200380106671A Expired - Fee Related CN100588688C (zh) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-12-09 | 具有高光泽和基于透明基底层合材料的银白色干涉颜料 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN100588688C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10259301A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1719633B2 (de) | 2005-05-03 | 2014-03-12 | Merck Patent GmbH | Verwendung von lasergravierten Druckformen |
DE102006014095A1 (de) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-27 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Glasplättchen und deren Verwendung als transparenter Füllstoff |
DE102010001971A1 (de) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-08-18 | Sigmund Lindner GmbH, 95485 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Glitter |
DE102010019468A1 (de) | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-10 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Flexodruckwerk, Flexodruckverfahren und daraus erhältliches Druckerzeugnis |
CN102650036A (zh) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-29 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 金属外壳上形成乳白色膜层的方法 |
US10821640B2 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2020-11-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Process for the production of virtual three-dimensional patterns in mouldings |
CN108338931A (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-31 | 信利光电股份有限公司 | 一种光学美白活性颗粒及含有该颗粒的化妆品组合物 |
CN111100482B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-07-30 | 广东盈骅新材料科技有限公司 | 亚氧化钛黑色颜料及其制备方法 |
CN116478560A (zh) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-25 | 瑞彩科技股份有限公司 | 一种黑色珠光颜料及其制备方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998053011A1 (de) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-11-26 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Mehrschichtige interferenzpigmente |
WO2001030920A1 (de) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Farbstarke interferenzpigmente |
-
2002
- 2002-12-17 DE DE2002159301 patent/DE10259301A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-12-09 CN CN200380106671A patent/CN100588688C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998053011A1 (de) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-11-26 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Mehrschichtige interferenzpigmente |
WO2001030920A1 (de) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Farbstarke interferenzpigmente |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10259301A1 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
CN1729254A (zh) | 2006-02-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5431632B2 (ja) | 干渉顔料 | |
KR100829302B1 (ko) | 은색 광택 안료 | |
US10219989B2 (en) | Special effects with mixtures of interference pigments | |
CN102702793B (zh) | 珠光颜料 | |
US6866710B2 (en) | Inorganic spherical absorption pigments | |
US6599355B1 (en) | Interference pigments with great color strength | |
US9909010B2 (en) | Pigments | |
CN100334165C (zh) | 具有高亮度和高色度的闪光颜料 | |
KR101719849B1 (ko) | 협소한 크기 분포를 갖는 고광택 다층 효과 안료, 및 이의 제조 방법 | |
CN101990566B (zh) | 磁性颜料和提高磁性的方法 | |
JP5694326B2 (ja) | 銀色の干渉色および狭いサイズ分布を有する高光沢多層効果顔料、およびそれを製造するための方法 | |
JP2004269892A (ja) | 上色を有する干渉顔料 | |
KR20120052397A (ko) | 크로마틱 간섭 컬러 및 협소한 크기 분포를 갖는 고광택 다층 효과 안료, 및 이의 제조 방법 | |
CN100588688C (zh) | 具有高光泽和基于透明基底层合材料的银白色干涉颜料 | |
US20080118448A1 (en) | Colored Metal Pigments, Method for the Production Thereof, Use of the Colored Metal Pigments in Cosmetics, and Cosmetic Containing These | |
DE10302589A1 (de) | Interferenzpigmente |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100210 |